AIT Applied Industrial Technologies Inc

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 22, 2024   9:00 A.M. EASTERN TIME   HEADQUARTERS OF APPLIED INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1 Applied Plaza East 36th Street and Euclid Avenue Cleveland, Ohio, 44115   (216) 426-4000 www.applied.com				HOW TO VOTE   Your vote is important! Whether or not you expect to attend the meeting, please promptly vote via the Internet, by phone, or by executing and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided. Voting early will help avoid additional solicitation costs.
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF APPLIED INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.: We are pleased to invite you to our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders. The meeting will be at our headquarters, 1 Applied Plaza, East 36th Street and Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44115, on Tuesday, October 22, 2024, at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time. The meeting will be held for the following purposes:      1.  To elect three directors.    2.  To approve, through a nonbinding advisory vote, the compensation of Applied’s named executive officers as disclosed in the attached proxy statement.    3.  To ratify the Audit Committee’s appointment of independent auditors for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025.				VOTING FOR REGISTERED AND RETIREMENT SAVINGS PLAN HOLDERS:
						By Internet Using Your Tablet or Smart Phone Scan the QR code on your proxy card to vote with your mobile device
						By Phone Call 1-800-652-VOTE (8683) in the U.S. or Canada to vote
						By Internet Using Your Computer Visit www.investorvote.com/AIT
						By Mail Cast your ballot, sign your proxy card, and return by free post
				IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE SHAREHOLDER MEETING TO BE HELD ON OCTOBER 22, 2024.
				The Proxy Statement and 2024 Annual Report to Shareholders are available at WWW.APPLIED.COM/ACCESS-PROXY

Proxy Statement Table of Contents

PROXY STATEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS

Proxy Statement Highlights

PROXY STATEMENT HIGHLIGHTS

This proxy statement, the accompanying proxy card, and our Annual Report on Form 10-K are being sent to shareholders beginning on or about September 16, 2024. The highlights below include information that you will find elsewhere in this proxy statement. The highlights do not contain all the information that you should consider, and you should read the entire proxy statement carefully before voting. Information regarding the logistics of the 2024 annual meeting of shareholders (the “Annual Meeting”) begins on page 5.

Proposals and Board Recommendations

Applied’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) makes the following voting recommendations to shareholders for the Annual Meeting:

Company Director Nominees

Additional information about the nominees and the other continuing directors can be found on pages 9-13.

Proxy Statement Highlights

Corporate Governance Highlights

Additional information about our corporate governance is on pages 14-19.

Proxy Statement Highlights

Approval of the Compensation of the Named Executive Officers

We provide shareholders the annual opportunity to approve, through a nonbinding, advisory vote, the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in our proxy statement, including, among other things, our executive compensation objectives, policies, and practices. The proposal is described on pages 61-63.

Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditors

Subject to shareholder ratification, the Board’s Audit Committee appointed Deloitte & Touche LLP (“Deloitte”) to serve as independent auditors for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. The committee made the appointment after evaluating the firm and its performance. We seek the shareholders’ ratification of the appointment as described on page 64.

Introduction and Voting Information

INTRODUCTION AND VOTING INFORMATION

In this statement, “we,” “our,” “us,” and “Applied” refer to Applied Industrial Technologies, Inc., an Ohio corporation. Our common stock, without par value, is listed on the New York Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol “AIT.”

Introduction and Voting Information

Introduction and Voting Information

Election of Directors

ITEM 1: ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Applied’s Code of Regulations divides our Board into three classes. The directors in each class are elected for three-year terms so that the term of one class expires at each annual meeting. At the Annual Meeting, the shareholders will elect directors for a three-year term expiring in 2027 or until their successors have been elected and qualified. Pursuant to Ohio law, the properly nominated candidates receiving the greatest number of votes will be elected.

The Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee have recommended, and the Board has nominated, three incumbents for election as directors: Madhuri A. Andrews, Shelly M. Chadwick, and Vincent K. Petrella. The shareholders most recently elected Madhuri A. Andrews and Vincent K. Petrella at the 2021 annual meeting. Shelly M. Chadwick was appointed to the Board on August 9, 2022. Their terms expire this year and the Board renominated each of them following the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee’s review and evaluation of each of their respective performances. Directors serving terms expiring in 2025 and 2026 will continue in office.

The proxies named on the proxy card accompanying the materials sent to shareholders of record intend to vote for the three nominees unless authority is withheld. In this uncontested election, a withhold vote will not affect the outcome.

If a nominee becomes unavailable to serve, the proxies will have authority to vote for any other person or persons who may be properly nominated and/or to reduce the number of directors. We are not aware of an existing circumstance that would cause a nominee to be unavailable to serve.

Background information follows about each of the nominees and continuing directors. The background information that follows does not include information for Dan Komnenovich who, in accordance with Applied’s retirement policy for directors, which requires a director to retire effective at the annual meeting of shareholders that immediately follows the person’s attainment of age 72, is retiring from the Board effective as of the Annual Meeting.

Unless otherwise stated, the individuals have held the positions indicated for at least the last five years. We also include a summary of reasons our Board concluded that the director or nominee should serve as a director, considering our business and governance structure. The summaries are not comprehensive, but describe the primary experiences, attributes, and skills that the Board believes qualify the individuals to continue as directors. In addition to the qualifications referred to below, we believe each individual has a reputation for integrity, honesty, and high ethical standards, and has demonstrated strong business judgment.

Election of Directors

 Nominees for Election as Directors with Terms Expiring in 2027

		Madhuri A. Andrews Executive Vice President and Chief Information Officer, MKS Instruments, Inc.   Age: 57 Director since: 2019 Committees:  ● Audit  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability						Shelly M. Chadwick Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer, Materion Corporation   Age: 52 Director since: 2022 Committees:  ● Audit  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability
Business Experience: Ms. Andrews has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Information Officer of MKS Instruments, Inc. (NASDAQ: MKSI) since June 2023. MKS provides technology solutions to leading edge semiconductor manufacturing, electronics and packaging, and specialty industrial applications. Prior to MKS, Ms. Andrews served as Executive Vice President, Chief Digital and Information Officer for Jacobs (NYSE: J) from June 2019 to November 2022 and Senior Vice President, Chief Information Officer from August 2018 to June 2019. From 2015 to August 2018, she was Chief Information Officer at DynCorp International LLC, a global aviation, logistics, intelligence, and field operations service provider.   Other Directorships in Previous 5 Years: TELUS International (Cda) Inc. (NYSE: TIXT)   Qualifications: Ms. Andrews is a business-focused technology executive with broad experience leading business and information technology transformation as well as global digital strategies for major firms across a variety of industries. She has led operational business continuity and technology-related transformation projects for organizations through acquisitions and divestitures, achieving synergies and eliminating stranded costs. Ms. Andrews also has practical experience optimizing and integrating governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) frameworks, processes, and technologies in complex regulatory and industry environments. Her skills and experience in these areas make her an important contributor to the Board.						Business Experience: Since November 2020, Ms. Chadwick has served as Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer for Materion Corporation (NYSE: MTRN), a global high-tech solutions provider of performance alloys, advanced materials, and precision optics. From 2016 to November 2020, she was Vice President, Finance and Chief Accounting Officer of The Timken Company (NYSE: TKR), a world leader in manufacturing engineered bearings and power transmission products.   Qualifications: Ms. Chadwick leads her company’s accounting, tax, treasury, and financial planning functions. As CFO, she also has responsibility for Materion’s procurement and investor relations functions. She brings to our Board more than 20 years of leadership experience driving financial and operational results and transformational projects at world-class manufacturing companies.

Election of Directors

Nominees for Election as Directors with  Terms Expiring in 2027 (continued)						Continuing Directors with Terms  Expiring in 2025
		Vincent K. Petrella Former Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.   Age: 64 Director since: 2012 Committees:  ● Audit  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability  ● Executive Organization &   Compensation  ● Executive						Mary Dean Hall Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Ingevity Corporation   Age: 67 Director since: 2019 Committees:  ● Audit  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability
Business Experience: Mr. Petrella retired from Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: LECO) in August 2020 as Executive Vice President. He also served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer from 2004 until April 2020. Lincoln Electric engages in the design, manufacture, and sale of welding, cutting, and brazing products worldwide.   Other Directorships in Previous 5 Years: The Gorman-Rupp Company (NYSE: GRC; since 2020), Sotera Health, Inc. (NYSE: SHC; since 2020)   Qualifications: As one of Lincoln Electric’s top executives, Mr. Petrella helped lead the company’s global expansion in recent decades. His leadership and operating experience, and his knowledge of industrial distribution in North America and abroad, make him a key contributor to discussions about Applied’s strategy. In addition, Mr. Petrella’s finance and accounting background (before joining Lincoln Electric he was a Certified Public Accountant with an international public accounting firm) and his service as Chief Financial Officer for a multibillion-dollar public company make him a valued member of the Board and chairman of the Audit Committee.						Business Experience: Ms. Hall has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Ingevity Corporation (NYSE: NGVT) since April 2021. Ingevity is a manufacturer of specialty chemicals, high performance carbon materials, and engineered polymers. Before joining Ingevity, she served with Quaker Houghton (NYSE: KWR) as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since August 2019, and, prior to then, as Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer beginning in 2015. Quaker Houghton is the global leader in industrial process fluids for the primary metals and metalworking markets.   Qualifications: Ms. Hall brings to Applied a well-rounded background in public company accounting and reporting, financial planning and analysis, tax, treasury, corporate development/M&A, investor relations, and enterprise risk management. In addition, her career began in the banking industry, where she developed expertise in M&A, capital markets, and financing. Ms. Hall’s skills and experience in these areas make her an important contributor to Applied’s Board.

Election of Directors

Continuing Directors with Terms Expiring in 2025 (continued)

		Joe A. Raver Former President and Chief Executive Officer, Hillenbrand, Inc.   Age: 57 Director since: 2017 Committees:  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability  ● Executive Organization &   Compensation  ● Executive						Richard J. Simoncic Chief Operating Officer, Microchip Technology Inc.   Age: 61 Director since: 2024
Business Experience: Mr. Raver served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Hillenbrand, Inc. (NYSE: HI) from 2013 until retiring in December 2021. Hillenbrand is a diversified industrial company with multiple brands that serve a range of industries across the globe. The company’s industrial businesses provide compounding, extrusion, and material handling; screening and separating; and injection molding and hot runner systems, products, and services for a range of manufacturing and other industrial processes.   Other Directorship in Previous 5 Years: Hillenbrand, Inc. (until December 2021)   Qualifications: Mr. Raver brings to the Board his broad management experience as a chief executive officer and director of a NYSE-listed global manufacturing company serving industrial markets worldwide. In addition, his career includes extensive leadership and operations experience in diverse business settings.						Business Experience: Mr. Simoncic has served as Chief Operating Officer of Microchip Technology Inc. (NASDAQ: MCHP) since April 1, 2024. Microchip is a leading provider of smart, connected and secure embedded control solutions. He served as Microchip’s Executive Vice President Analog Power and Interface Business Unit from April 2023 to April 2024; as Senior Vice President, Analog Power and Interface Business Units from February 2019 to April 2023; and as Vice President, Analog Power and Interface Business Units from September 1999 to February 2019. Mr. Simoncic holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering Technology from DeVry Institute of Technology.   Qualifications: Mr. Simoncic brings to the Board his significant experience as an executive leader and chief operating officer of a control solutions technology manufacturer serving many of the same markets that Applied services. His experience in global operations, distribution and supply chain management, and manufacturing adds significant knowledge and experience to the Board. In addition, his leadership in a technology manufacturer will provide valuable knowledge to the Board as we continue to expand our Engineered Solutions segment and businesses.

Election of Directors

Continuing Directors with Terms Expiring in 2026
		Robert J. Pagano, Jr. Chief Executive Officer, President, and Chairperson of the Board, Watts Water Technologies, Inc.   Age: 61 Director since: 2017 Committees:  ● Audit  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability  ● Executive Organization &   Compensation						Neil A. Schrimsher President & Chief Executive Officer, Applied Industrial Technologies, Inc.   Age: 60 Director since: 2011 Committee:  ● Executive
Business Experience: Mr. Pagano has served as Chief Executive Officer and President of Watts Water Technologies, Inc. (NYSE: WTS) since 2014, and Chairperson of the Board since February 2022. Watts Water Technologies, Inc. is a global supplier of products and solutions that manage and conserve the flow of fluids and energy into, through, and out of buildings in the residential and commercial markets. He also served as interim Chief Financial Officer from April to July 2018. Mr. Pagano began his career with an international public accounting firm and he is a Certified Public Accountant.   Other Directorship in Previous 5 Years: Watts Water Technologies, Inc.   Qualifications: Mr. Pagano brings to the Board his broad management experience as a sitting chief executive officer and director of a NYSE-listed global manufacturing company. In addition, his career includes extensive leadership and operations experience, working with distributors to serve industrial markets throughout the world, as well as a strong background in finance and accounting.						Business Experience: Mr. Schrimsher joined Applied as our Chief Executive Officer in 2011 and was also elected President in 2013. Before joining Applied, Mr. Schrimsher was Executive Vice President of Cooper Industries plc (formerly NYSE: CBE), a global electrical products manufacturer, where he led Cooper’s Electrical Products Group and headed numerous domestic and international growth initiatives.   Other Directorship in Previous 5 Years: Patterson Companies, Inc. (NASDAQ: PDCO)   Qualifications: As the only Applied executive to serve on the Board, Mr. Schrimsher contributes a deep understanding of the Company’s businesses, markets, and competitive landscape. From his prior employment, Mr. Schrimsher brought to Applied and its Board broad leadership experience, including management of worldwide operations, distribution management, strategic planning and analysis, manufacturing, engineering, supply chain management, and sourcing.

Election of Directors

Continuing Directors with Terms  Expiring in 2026 (continued)
		Peter C. Wallace Former Chief Executive Officer, Gardner Denver, Inc.   Age: 70 Director since: 2005 Chairman since: 2014 Committees:  ● Corporate Governance &   Sustainability  ● Executive Organization &   Compensation  ● Executive
Business Experience: Mr. Wallace most recently was Chief Executive Officer of Gardner Denver, Inc. from 2014 until retiring in 2015. Gardner Denver is a worldwide manufacturer of highly engineered products, including compressors, liquid ring pumps, and blowers for various industrial, medical, environmental, transportation, and process applications, pumps used in the petroleum and industrial market segments, and other fluid transfer equipment. Prior to joining Gardner Denver, Mr. Wallace was President and Chief Executive Officer, and a director, of Robbins & Myers, Inc. (formerly NYSE: RBN), from 2004 until it was acquired in 2013 by National Oilwell Varco, Inc. Robbins & Myers was a leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of highly engineered, application-critical equipment and systems for energy, chemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial markets worldwide.   Other Directorships in Previous 5 Years: Curtiss-Wright Corporation (NYSE: CW), Rogers Corporation (NYSE: ROG)   Qualifications: Mr. Wallace has a wide and varied background as a senior executive in global industrial equipment manufacturing. He brings to the Board the perspective of someone familiar with all facets of worldwide business operations, including the experience of leading a NYSE-listed company. Mr. Wallace’s career includes positions with global responsibilities for equipment manufacturers with product lines that Applied (and others) represented as a distributor in the fluid power and power transmission component fields. In those roles, he developed significant knowledge about Applied’s industry, including the dynamics of the relationships between industrial product manufacturers and their distributors. These experiences and knowledge, along with his service on other NYSE-listed company boards, enhance Mr. Wallace’s contributions and value to our Board.

Corporate Governance

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Corporate Governance Documents

Applied’s Internet address is www.applied.com. The following corporate governance documents are available free of charge via hyperlink from the website’s investor relations area:

Board Matrix

The matrix below provides information regarding our directors’ knowledge, skills, experiences, and attributes. The matrix does not encompass all the knowledge, skills, experiences, or attributes of our directors, and the fact that we do not list a particular item does not mean that a director does not possess it. In addition, the absence of a particular knowledge, skill, experience, or attribute with respect to a director does not mean the director is unable to contribute to the decision-making process in that area. The type and degree of knowledge, skill, and experience listed below may vary among the directors.

Corporate Governance

Director Independence

Under the NYSE corporate governance listing standards, a majority of Applied’s directors must satisfy the NYSE criteria for independence. In addition to having to satisfy stated minimum requirements, no director qualifies under the standards unless the Board affirmatively determines the director has no material relationship with Applied. In assessing the materiality of a relationship, the Board has adopted categorical standards, which may be found via hyperlink from our website’s investor relations area.

The Board has determined that all directors other than Mr. Schrimsher, our President & Chief Executive Officer, meet these independence standards.

Director Attendance at Meetings

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, the Board held five meetings. Each director attended at least 75% of the total number of meetings of the Board and the committees on which the director served.

Applied expects directors to attend the annual meeting of shareholders, just as they are expected to attend Board meetings. All the directors attended last year’s annual meeting.

Membership on Other Boards

Directors must be willing to devote sufficient time to carrying out their duties and responsibilities effectively and to avoid actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise from serving on other boards of directors. To that end, the Board has adopted a policy that a director who is not a named executive officer of a public company may serve as a director on up to four boards of public companies, including Applied. For directors who are also serving as a named executive officer of a public company, the maximum number of public company boards on which the director may serve is two.

Meetings of Non-Management Directors

At the Board’s regular meetings, the non-management directors meet in executive sessions without management. Mr. Wallace, the Board’s independent Chairman, calls and presides at the sessions. On the independent directors’ behalf, the Chairman provides feedback to management from the sessions, collaborates with management in developing Board meeting schedules and agendas, and performs other duties as determined by the Board or the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee.

Board Leadership Structure

The Board periodically evaluates its leadership structure under circumstances existing at the time. The Board has long maintained separate positions of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and elected an independent director to serve as Chairman. Mr. Wallace currently serves as Chairman.

The Board believes its current leadership structure best serves the Board’s oversight of management, the Board’s carrying out of its responsibilities on the shareholders’ behalf, and Applied’s overall corporate governance. The Board also believes the separation of the roles allows the CEO to focus his efforts on operating and managing the Company.

Committees

The Board’s Audit, Corporate Governance & Sustainability, and Executive Organization & Compensation Committees are composed solely of independent directors, as defined in NYSE listing standards and Applied’s categorical standards, and, in the case of the Audit Committee, under federal securities laws.

Corporate Governance

The committee members’ names and number of meetings held in fiscal 2024 follow:

Mr. Simoncic joined the Board in August 2024 and has not yet been appointed to any committee.

We describe the committees below. Their charters, available via hyperlink from the investor relations area of Applied’s website, contain descriptions that are more detailed. The Board also has a standing Executive Committee which, during intervals between Board meetings and subject to the Board’s control and direction, possesses and may exercise the Board’s powers. The Executive Committee, whose members include the Chairman, the CEO, and the committee chairs, did not meet in fiscal 2024.

Audit Committee. The Audit Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibility with respect to the integrity of Applied’s accounting, auditing, and reporting processes. Each year, the committee appoints, determines the compensation of, evaluates, and oversees the independent auditor’s work, reviews the auditor’s independence, and approves non-audit work to be performed by the auditor. The committee also reviews, with management and the auditor, annual and quarterly financial statements, the scope of the independent and internal audit programs, audit results, and the adequacy of Applied’s internal accounting and financial controls.

The Board has determined that each Audit Committee member is independent for purposes of section 10A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that Shelly M. Chadwick, Mary Dean Hall, Dan P. Komnenovich, Robert J. Pagano, Jr., and Vincent K. Petrella are “audit committee financial experts,” as defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-K. Mr. Komnenovich is retiring, effective as of the Annual Meeting.

The Audit Committee’s report is on page 66 of this proxy statement.

Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee. The Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee assists the Board by reviewing and evaluating potential director nominees, Board and CEO performance, Board governance, director compensation, compliance with laws, public policy matters, sustainability and social subjects, and other issues. The committee also administers long-term incentive awards to directors under the 2023 Long-Term Performance Plan.

Executive Organization & Compensation Committee. The Executive Organization & Compensation Committee monitors and oversees Applied’s management succession planning and leadership development processes, nominates candidates for the slate of officers to be elected by the Board, and reviews, evaluates, and approves executive officers’ compensation and benefits. The committee also administers incentive awards to executives under the 2023 Long-Term Performance Plan, including the annual Management Incentive Plan. Pay Governance LLC (“Pay Governance”) serves as the committee’s independent executive compensation consultant.

In approving executive officers’ compensation and benefits, the committee bases its decisions on a number of considerations, including the following: the committee’s own reasoned judgment; peer group and market survey information; recommendations provided by the independent consultant; and recommendations from Applied’s CEO as to the other executive officers’ compensation and benefits.

Corporate Governance

For more information on the committee, please read, beginning on page 23, the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” portion of this proxy statement

Board’s Role in Risk Oversight

Risk is inherent in every enterprise and Applied faces many risks of varying size and intensity. While management is responsible for day-to-day management of those risks, the Board, as a whole and through its committees, oversees and monitors risk management. In this role, the Board is responsible for determining that the risk management processes designed and implemented by management are adequate and functioning as designed. Our management, with oversight from our Board, performs an annual enterprise-wide risk assessment to identify key existing and emerging risks. Part of this annual assessment includes establishing the level of Board review and oversight key risks will receive.

The Board believes that robust communication with management is essential for risk management oversight. Senior management attends quarterly Board meetings and responds to directors’ questions or concerns about risk management and other matters. At these meetings, management regularly presents to the Board on strategic matters involving our operations, and the directors and management engage in dialogue about the Company’s strategies, challenges, risks, and opportunities. The non-management directors also meet regularly in executive session without management to discuss a variety of topics, including risk.

In addition, the Board devotes time and attention to cybersecurity and information management risks. Applied’s Vice President – Information Technology meets regularly (three times during the 2024 fiscal year) with the Board on cybersecurity matters and related risk exposures. These reports include the results of the Company’s continuous security awareness training, as well as its adherence to the ISO27001:2022 framework. The Board is also updated as needed on cybersecurity threats, incidents, and new developments in our cybersecurity risk profile.

While the Board is ultimately responsible for risk oversight, the committees assist the Board in the areas described below, with each committee chair presenting reports to the Board regarding the committee’s deliberations and actions to the extent the full Board was not in attendance during the committee’s meeting.

We have assessed the risks arising from Applied’s compensation policies and practices for employees, including the executive officers. The findings were reviewed with the Executive Organization & Compensation Committee. Based on the assessment, we believe our compensation policies and practices do not encourage excessive risk-taking and are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on Applied.

Environmental, Social and Governance Oversight

As noted above, the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee has been charged with assisting the Board in managing risks associated with sustainability and social subjects. As part of their oversight, the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee receives updates at each committee meeting on Applied’s activities and strategy, and the full Board received an update once during the 2024 fiscal year. The Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee is currently comprised of all of the Board’s independent directors.

Corporate Governance

Applied also voluntarily discloses key ESG matters and metrics both on its website and in its annual ESG Report. The most recent ESG Report is available on its website at www.applied.com/sustainability. Unless specifically stated herein, documents and information on our website are not incorporated by reference in this proxy statement.

Communications with Board of Directors

Shareholders and other interested parties may communicate with a director by writing to that individual c/o Applied’s Secretary at 1 Applied Plaza, Cleveland, Ohio 44115. In addition, they may contact the non-management directors or key Board committees by e-mail, anonymously if desired, through a form located in the investor relations area of Applied’s website at www.applied.com. The Board has instructed Applied’s Secretary to review the communications and to exercise judgment not to forward correspondence such as routine business inquiries and complaints, business solicitations, and frivolous communications. The Secretary delivers summary reports on the nature of all the communications to the Audit Committee and the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee.

Director Nominations

In identifying and evaluating director candidates, the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee first considers Applied’s developing needs and desired characteristics of a new director, as determined from time to time by the committee. The committee then considers candidate attributes, including the following: business, strategic, and financial skills; independence, integrity, and time availability; diversity of gender, race, ethnicity, and other personal characteristics; and overall experience in the context of the Board’s needs. From time to time, the committee engages a professional search firm, to which it pays a fee, to assist in identifying and evaluating potential nominees. In the case of Mr. Simoncic, the committee did not engage a professional search firm, but instead identified director candidates through director relationships and results from prior director candidate searches.

The committee will also consider qualified director candidates recommended by shareholders. Shareholders can submit recommendations by writing to Applied’s Secretary at 1 Applied Plaza, Cleveland, Ohio 44115. For consideration by the committee in the annual director nominating process, shareholders must submit recommendations at least 120 days prior to the anniversary of the date on which our proxy statement was released to shareholders in connection with the previous year’s annual meeting. Shareholders must include appropriate detail regarding the shareholder’s identity and the candidate’s business, professional, and educational background, diversity considerations, and independence. The committee does not intend to evaluate candidates proposed by shareholders differently than other candidates.

Transactions with Related Persons

Applied’s Code of Business Ethics expresses the principle that situations presenting a conflict of interest must be avoided. In furtherance of this principle, the Board has adopted a written policy, administered by the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee, for the review and approval, or ratification, of transactions with related persons.

The related party transaction policy applies to a proposed transaction in which (1) Applied is a participant, (2) a director, executive officer or significant shareholder, or an immediate family member of such a person, has a direct or indirect material interest, and (3) the aggregate amount involved exceeds $50,000 in a fiscal year or is otherwise material to the related person. The policy provides that the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee will consider, among other things, whether the transaction is on terms no less favorable than those provided to unaffiliated third parties under similar circumstances, and the extent of the related person’s interest. No director may participate in discussion or approval of a transaction for which the director is a related person.

Corporate Governance

Warren E. Hoffner, our Vice President, General Manager – Fluid Power & Flow Control, is an executive officer. Mr. Hoffner joined the Company in 1996 when we acquired a distribution business owned by him and his father. Two related party lease arrangements have survived from the acquisition and been renewed from time to time: (1) we lease a building from a company owned 50% by Mr. Hoffner’s family at a current rental rate of $164,299 per year, with a term expiring in 2026; and (2) we lease a second building from Mr. Hoffner’s family at a current rental rate of $135,825 per year, also with a term expiring in 2026. Applied management, using a third-party broker, negotiates the rental rates and other lease terms and we consider them market competitive. Following a review, the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee ratified the lease transactions.

Director Compensation

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Only non-employee directors receive compensation for service as directors. Mr. Schrimsher, our President & Chief Executive Officer, does not receive additional compensation for serving as a director.

Compensation Review

The Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee reviews director compensation annually. The committee seeks to provide competitive compensation to assist with director retention and recruitment. If the committee believes a change is warranted to remain competitive considering the size and nature of our business, then the committee makes a recommendation to the Board.

The committee bases its recommendations on a number of considerations including market data on director compensation, as reported in other companies’ SEC filings (including those companies in the peer group used for executive pay benchmarking), advice from outside experts, and the committee’s own reasoned judgment. In general, the committee targets median director compensation levels and mix for comparably sized companies in similar industries, also considering the time commitments required of directors. A majority of the directors must approve a change.

Management assists the committee by preparing analyses at its request but does not play a role in determining or recommending the amount or form of director compensation.

The 2023 Long-Term Performance Plan limits director compensation (cash and equity) to $750,000 per year per director, consistent with evolving best practices.

Components of Compensation Program

The director compensation program’s primary components follow:

Cash Retainers.

Long-Term Incentives. Annually, the Corporate Governance & Sustainability Committee considers long-term incentive awards to directors. In recent years, the awards have been in the form of restricted shares of Applied stock. The shares vest one year after the grant date, subject to conditions as to forfeiture and acceleration of vesting.

To mitigate the impact of short-term stock price volatility, the method for determining the shares’ targeted value uses an average closing share price for 90 trading days prior to the date of grant, similar to the approach used in determining equity awards for Applied’s executives.

Director Compensation

In January 2024, the committee awarded each director 850 restricted shares under the 2023 Long-Term Performance Plan, with a value, based on the average closing share price for 90 trading days prior to the grant date, of $138,000. In addition, after considering the Board Chairman’s extra responsibilities, the committee awarded Mr. Wallace an additional 185 shares, with a value, based on the average closing share price for 90 trading days prior to the grant date, of $30,000.

Other Benefits. Applied reimburses directors for travel expenses for attending meetings, as well as for attending director education seminars and conferences. The directors also participate in our travel accident insurance plan. Contributory health care coverage is available to directors who joined the Board before 2011; Mr. Wallace is the sole qualifying director and participant in fiscal 2024. We believe these practices generally are consistent with those of other companies and are relatively modest in their cost to Applied.

Stock Ownership Guideline

Applied expects each non-employee director to own, within five years after joining the Board, Applied shares (not including unexercised stock options) valued at a minimum of five times the annual retainer fees, or $525,000. The Board believes this ownership guideline is consistent with the practices of peers and other companies, and is a good governance practice. Directors may hold the shares directly or indirectly.

On June 30, 2024, each director owned shares valued in excess of the $525,000 guideline, except for Ms. Chadwick, who joined the Board in August 2022. Mr. Simoncic joined the Board in August 2024.

The average non-employee director share ownership value on June 30, 2024, was twenty-seven times the annual retainer fees.

Director Compensation — Fiscal Year 2024

The following table shows information about non-employee director compensation in 2024. Mr. Simoncic joined the Board in August 2024, after the end of the fiscal year.

Beneficial Ownership

HOLDINGS OF MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS, OFFICERS, AND DIRECTORS

The following table shows beneficial ownership of Applied common stock, on September 1, 2024, by (i) persons believed by us to own beneficially more than 5% of Applied’s outstanding shares, based on our review of SEC filings, (ii) all directors and nominees, (iii) the active executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table on page 41, and (iv) all directors, nominees, and executive officers (on September 1, 2024) as a group.

Executive Compensation

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Introduction

This Compensation Discussion and Analysis section (“CD&A”) provides details about the compensation program for Applied’s executive officers. It describes the Company’s compensation philosophy and objectives, roles, and responsibilities in making compensation decisions, the components of compensation, and the reasons for compensation adjustments, incentive payments, and long-term incentive grants made in fiscal year 2024.

This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Summary Compensation Table on page 41 and the additional tables and narrative disclosure that follow it.

As required by SEC rules, the proxy statement includes disclosures regarding the compensation of the following executive officers (the “named executive officers” or “NEOs”):

Unless otherwise noted, references to years in the “Executive Compensation” section of this proxy statement mean Applied’s fiscal years ended on June 30.

2024 Compensation Program Highlights

The Board’s Executive Organization & Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) seeks to align overall compensation with performance to maximize Applied’s long-term shareholder return. With this objective, and after considering competitive market data and subjective factors (including the 2023 “say on pay” vote results), the Committee maintained the compensation program similar to prior years, taking the following actions in 2024 relative to the primary pay elements:

Base Salary and Target Annual Incentive Pay

Long-Term Incentives

Executive Compensation

The actions maintained the NEOs’ total targeted compensation at levels reasonably approximating market medians among peer distribution industry companies, consistent with Applied’s pay philosophy.

Applied achieved record sales and net income during 2024, providing strong evidence of the benefits of Applied’s strategy, ongoing evolution, and operational diligence. Net sales rose 1.5% and net income rose 11.1%, both to record levels:

Total shareholder return, considering the change in our stock price and reinvested dividends, rose 35% for the year (120% over three years). The Company returned $129.3 million of cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases during the year.

Net income, adjusted as described above, exceeded the 2024 net income goal, however the average working capital as a percentage of sales did not meet the 2024 average working capital as a percentage of sales goal. The NEOs earned annual incentive pay for 2024 at an average of 101.2% of their individual target values.

Shares earned or “banked” for 2024 under the performance share programs, described in detail on pages 34-37, are shown below:

2024 achievements under the three-year performance share programs averaged 147.5% of target shares. The average payout for the full three-year period of the completed 2022-2024 program was 193% of target.

Executive Compensation

We believe that our compensation decisions, as described in this CD&A, reflect a balanced and responsible pay approach. We also value shareholder opinion and, in performing its duties, the Committee considers the outcome of the annual advisory vote to approve the NEOs’ compensation. This vote is intended to provide an overall assessment of our executive compensation program rather than to focus on specific compensation items. We are pleased to have earned the shareholders’ affirmation last year, with 97% of the shares cast voting in favor; as a result, the Committee made no material changes to the program.

Compensation Practices Highlights

We regularly review evolving best practices in executive compensation. Below are some of the more significant best practices we have adopted and practices we avoid:

Executive Compensation

Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

Applied’s primary goal in compensating our executive officers is maximizing long-term shareholder return. In pursuing this goal, we seek to design and to maintain a program that will accomplish the following:

Applied is an industrial distributor in mature markets, with many companies offering the same or substantially similar products and services. In this environment, attracting and retaining talented key employees is critical to success. For this reason, while we aim to design the executive compensation program to support the successful execution of our strategy, we also examine our program’s competitiveness with other distributors’ programs. In addition, we consider trends and practices outside the industry to understand best practices and their potential implications for Applied.

Applied believes it is important for executives to focus on both short-term and long-term performance to maximize shareholder return. Accordingly, we provide annual and long-term incentive plans designed to further enhance the alignment between our executives’ interests and those of our shareholders.

Roles and Responsibilities

Executive Organization & Compensation Committee. The Committee is composed solely of independent directors and is responsible for the executive compensation program’s design and implementation. The Committee’s duties include the following:

The Committee routinely receives tally sheets displaying updated data with respect to material components of each executive’s compensation and benefits, together with share retention analyses. These help the Committee make decisions with respect to each component in the context of total compensation.

We have assessed the risks arising from Applied’s compensation policies and practices for employees, including the executive officers. The findings were reviewed with the Executive Organization & Compensation Committee. Based on the assessment, we believe our compensation policies and practices do not encourage excessive risk-taking and are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on Applied.

Executive Compensation

Independent Compensation Consultant. Pay Governance serves as the Committee’s independent compensation consultant, assisting the Committee with the following:

Pay Governance is engaged by and reports directly to the Committee. The firm’s representative directly interacts with the Committee chair between meetings, participates in meetings, and performs assignments as requested. He also communicates with management to obtain information for completing assignments for the Committee, as well as to understand how the program supports the Company’s strategic plans and needs. The firm submits its invoices to the Committee chair for approval and payment by Applied.

Pay Governance performed no other work for Applied during the year and received no other compensation from Applied outside its engagement by the Committee. Following a review of existing facts and circumstances, including factors specified in the NYSE listing standards, the Committee concluded that Pay Governance and its representative are independent from Applied’s management and directors.

Management. While the Committee is responsible for the program’s design and implementation, management assists the Committee in several ways.

Key executives attend portions of Committee meetings at its invitation. They prepare and present analyses at the Committee’s request, and regularly report on Applied’s performance. Our CEO also reports on the other executive officers’ individual performance and offers recommendations regarding their pay. The Committee sets the executive officers’ pay in executive session without management present.

Management assists the Committee’s consultant by providing compensation data and other input and helping the consultant understand Applied’s organizational structure, business plans, goals, and performance, and the competitive landscape. Management does not have its own executive compensation consultant.

Executive Compensation Program Overview

Structure. The compensation program for executive officers includes the following components:

Executive Compensation

Base salary, annual incentive pay, and long-term incentives are the primary components and are summarized below.

The Committee sets base salaries to be competitive with market median salaries for individuals holding similar positions in peer distribution industry companies. Target annual and long-term incentives aim to reflect market median practices of peers in order to deliver total target compensation competitive with the market medians. Actual incentive pay depends in large part on how Applied performs relative to its goals and how its stock price performs in response. As a result, realized compensation from annual and long-term incentives can vary significantly based on the Company’s operating and stock price performance.

Applied’s compensation practices reflect a pay-for-performance philosophy. Most of the NEOs’ compensation is “at risk” and tied to company-wide and individual performance. Moreover, incentive pay generally makes up a greater share of the overall opportunity for executives in more senior positions.

Applied also believes programs leading to equity ownership help align executives’ interests with shareholders’ interests. However, the long-term incentive program is structured to avoid excessive dilution, with annual share utilization approximating 1% of shares outstanding. The Committee periodically reviews share utilization in relation to market practices in an effort to ensure Applied’s equity plan is not unduly diluting shareholders’ interests.

The Committee generally determines each executive officer’s base salary, annual incentive target compensation (expressed as a percentage of base salary), and long-term incentive target compensation independently from the other primary components of compensation. Nevertheless, the Committee also reviews data regarding total target cash compensation (salary plus annual incentive target compensation) and total target compensation (salary plus annual incentive target compensation plus long-term incentive target compensation) and considers the information contextually, with the Company’s pay philosophy and desired pay position, when evaluating each component.

Executive Compensation

The result is a mix among base salary, annual incentive target compensation, and long-term incentive target compensation, as well as between cash and equity-based incentives, that is competitive with market median practices.

The charts below show the percentage allocation of opportunities provided in 2024 to Mr. Schrimsher and the other NEOs in the forms of base salary, annual incentive target opportunity, and long-term incentive target opportunity (awarded in equity-based instruments).

2024 TARGET COMPENSATION MIX

Mr. Schrimsher, our CEO, earns higher pay than the other officers, reflecting his role in establishing and achieving the Company’s strategic goals, as well as market practices. His overall compensation is weighted, however, more toward incentive pay, particularly long-term incentives. This distinction is appropriate considering his responsibility and influence over Applied’s performance and is typical among companies in the peer group described below.

Competitive Pay Review for 2024. To help evaluate Applied’s executive compensation, the Committee creates a peer group of distribution companies, primarily industrial distributors. Distributor comparisons provide the Committee with insight into executive pay and benefits at companies in similar market environments. Pay Governance then prepares a competitive review and assessment, analyzing the competitiveness of target compensation for Applied’s executive positions relative to comparable peer group data.

For 2024, with assistance from Pay Governance, the Committee selected 20 distribution companies (the “Peer Group”) with annual sales ranging from $1.9 billion to $11.5 billion, and median sales of $5.7 billion, as compared with Applied’s sales of $4.2 billion for the same comparison period. In addition to annual sales levels, the Committee also considered market capitalization, invested capital, number of employees and asset size when establishing the Peer Group. Each Peer Group company disclosed compensation for its top officers in SEC filings.

Executive Compensation

Management did not participate in selecting the companies. The Peer Group included the companies in the table below, all of which had also been in the 2023 peer group:

Pay Governance then prepared a compensation review and assessment, analyzing the competitiveness of target compensation relative to comparable Peer Group data.

The study identified Peer Group pay for each position at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile levels. The 50th percentile is referred to here as the “market median” and represents Applied’s target pay objective.

Beyond the Peer Group data, Pay Governance presented other pay data from several broad industrial company surveys. The Committee requested this supplemental data to help confirm the Peer Group data’s reliability.

Pay Governance analyzed base salary, annual incentive target compensation as a percentage of base salary, total cash target compensation (base salary plus annual incentive target compensation), long-term incentive target compensation, and total direct target compensation (total cash target compensation plus long-term incentive target compensation).

The study also compared Applied’s performance in each of the past five years with the Peer Group companies’ performance, considering metrics such as sales growth, EBITDA growth, cash flow growth, EBITDA margin, cash flow margin, net income margin, ROA, and total shareholder return. The comparisons assist the Committee in examining how Applied’s executive pay aligns with company performance relative to peers.

Using Pay Governance’s study, the Committee evaluated each primary compensation component. In most years, including 2024, the Committee seeks to compensate executives near the market median if Applied’s performance targets are achieved. Sustained performance below target levels should result in realized total compensation below market medians, and performance that exceeds target levels should result in realized total compensation above market medians.

However, market medians and ranges only represent beginning reference points; the Committee also uses its subjective judgment to adjust targeted compensation to reflect factors such as individual performance and skills, long-term potential, tenure in the position, internal equity, retention considerations, and the position’s importance in Applied’s organization.

Executive Compensation

Detailed Review of Compensation Components

Base Salary. The Committee observes a general policy that base salaries for executive officers who have held their positions for at least three years and are meeting performance expectations should approximate the market median for comparable positions. As with all pay components, however, the Committee, using its subjective judgment, sets salaries higher or lower to reward individual performance and skills and other considerations such as those mentioned above.

In 2024, after considering the Peer Group data, executive pay trends in the broader market, and the more subjective factors referenced above, the Committee approved base salary adjustments, with Mr. Schrimsher earning a 4.2% raise.

The Committee’s actions maintained the officers’ pay at competitive levels relative to market medians and reflected a discipline of managing base salaries within the framework of Applied’s pay philosophy and competitive data.

Annual Incentive Pay. With the annual Management Incentive Plan, the Committee seeks to reward executive officers, in cash, for achieving fiscal year goals. In general, the Committee seeks to pay total cash compensation near the market median when Applied meets its goals, and to pay above (or below) the median when Applied exceeds (or falls short of) its goals.

At the beginning of the fiscal year, after the Board reviews Applied’s annual business plan as prepared and presented by management, the Committee develops objective goals and targets for the Management Incentive Plan. The Committee considers the market outlook and the business plan, along with the available opportunities and attendant risks.

In 2024, the Committee established goals based on company-wide measures that it considers key indicators of shareholder value creation:

Average working capital as a percentage of sales is calculated, for purposes of the 2024 Management Incentive Plan, by taking the arithmetic average, for the four quarters of the fiscal year, of the following calculations: average working capital for the quarter as a percentage of sales for the twelve months ending with the quarter end.

Sixty percent (60%) of each executive officer’s Management Incentive Plan payout was determined based on the level of achievement of net income and twenty percent (20%) was determined based on the level of achievement of average working capital as a percentage of sales, with the remainder determined by the executive officer’s individual performance. The Committee sets goals for the performance measures that it believes are attainable, but that require executives to perform at a consistently high level to achieve target award values. In the prior year, 2023, net income was $343 million and average working capital as a percentage of sales was 26.6% for determining 2023 Management Incentive Plan payouts.

Executive Compensation

Target and maximum incentive objectives for 2024 are shown in the table below:

The payouts for these components could have ranged from 0% to 200% of the executive officers’ target award values. The Committee established this range, consistent with prior years, after considering Pay Governance’s guidance on market practices. Payouts for each performance measure are prorated on a straight-line basis for results falling between the threshold 50%, 100%, and maximum 200% payout levels.

The Committee assigns an annual incentive target, expressed as a percentage of salary, to each executive officer. For 2024, the Committee maintained the percentages at the same levels as in previous years. The 2024 targets follow:

The Management Incentive Plan terms provide the Committee the authority, in its sole discretion, to adjust performance achievements in order to prevent diminution or enlargement of the benefits intended to be conferred.

As a result of Applied’s 2024 performance, as adjusted, the Management Incentive Plan payouts for the net income and average working capital as a percentage of sales components were as follows:

The remaining twenty percent (20%) of each executive officer’s plan opportunity was tied to the Committee’s subjective evaluation of individual performance, considering performance relative to strategic objectives, including sustainability and social matters.

Executive Compensation

After evaluating individual performance, with Mr. Schrimsher reporting on the other officers’ performance, the Committee approved the following payouts for this final component: Mr. Schrimsher, $228,690; Mr. Wells, $70,700; Mr. Hoffner, $51,300; Mr. Loring, $44,770; and Mr. Vasquez, $50,820.

Shown below are the NEOs’ total 2024 Management Incentive Plan payouts:

The average NEO payout, as a percentage of the target awards, for NEOs was 101.2%.

Considering company financial performance goals only, Management Incentive Plan achievements for the most recent five years, as a percentage of targeted achievement, were as follows:

Long-Term Incentives. Early in the year, the Committee made long-term incentive awards to the executive officers under the 2019 Long-Term Performance Plan (the 2023 Long-Term Performance Plan was approved in October 2023, after the annual long-term incentive awards to executive officers were granted).

The plan rewards executives for achieving long-term goals and authorizes incentive awards in a variety of forms. The Committee makes awards annually, after reviewing the previous fiscal year’s financial results.

As with the other primary compensation components, the Committee sets the awards’ value after reviewing the independent consultant’s target compensation study. In most years, the Committee seeks to provide awards with a targeted value near the market median for equivalent positions, with variation to reward individual performance and skills, as well as to reflect factors such as long-term potential, responsibility, tenure in the position, internal equity, retention considerations, and the position’s importance in Applied’s organization.

The Committee uses long-term incentive awards for purposes of motivation, alignment with long-term company goals, and retention. The Committee intends to pay total long-term compensation near the market median when Applied meets its goals and above when Applied exceeds its goals. If goals are not achieved, then long-term compensation should fall below the market median.

Executive Compensation

After considering Pay Governance’s study and the subjective factors identified above, the Committee approved single-digit adjustments to annual long-term incentive target values for most NEOs, with Mr. Schrimsher earning an increase of 4%. Emphasizing operating performance, the Committee awarded long-term incentives using three vehicles, all stock-settled, in the approximate weightings shown below.

2024 LONG-TERM INCENTIVE AWARDS

The Committee believes these combinations appropriately balance the vehicles’ distinct purposes, with Mr. Schrimsher’s weighting, as befits his broad responsibilities, tilted more toward the operating performance-driven performance shares. Reflecting Applied’s culture, the mix differs from the norm for the Peer Group companies, which tend to place greater emphasis on service-based restricted stock. The awards also reflect the Committee’s subjective judgment that long-term incentive earnings should be paid in shares.

In determining numbers of performance shares to be targeted and SARs and RSUs to be awarded, the Committee values Applied’s shares based on data provided by Pay Governance. To reduce the impact of short-term stock price volatility, the valuation method uses an average closing share price for over the 90 trading days prior to the grant. The Grants of Plan-Based Awards table on page 43 shows the threshold, target, and maximum payouts for the performance shares, as well as the number of SARs and RSUs awarded to the NEOs.

The following paragraphs describe the executive officers’ 2024 awards, as well as performance for the year under the performance share programs:

The Committee and management believe SARs are strong performance-based vehicles, as the awards’ value depends on Applied’s stock price growth; until Applied performs in a manner that is recognized by the stock market and creates gains for shareholders, SARs have no value to executives. The base stock price is the market closing price on the grant date. SARs have a ten-year term and vest 25% on each of the first four anniversaries of the grant date, subject to continuous employment with Applied, thereby promoting executive retention.

The effects of retirement and other events on SARs and the other incentive vehicles are discussed in “Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control,” beginning on page 48.

The Committee intends for SARs to align the interests of management and shareholders in achieving long-term growth in the value of Applied’s stock by using a form of award the value of which is determined primarily by long-term stock price appreciation. The four-year vesting period, ten-year term, and stock-settled nature of the SARs are consistent with this objective. Moreover, SARs are less dilutive than stock options, further protecting shareholder interests.

Executive Compensation

RSUs are grants valued in shares of Applied stock, but shares are not issued to executives until the grants vest on the third anniversary of the award date, assuming continued employment with Applied. The Committee believes cliff vesting is more demanding than typical market practice, but appropriate considering the nature of the award. RSU grants provide for the accrual of dividend equivalents and payment on vesting.

The Committee considers RSUs to be a good tool for retaining executives. Because their value will increase or decrease over the three-year vesting period along with Applied’s stock, RSUs also promote efforts to maximize long-term shareholder return.

Performance shares provide incentives to achieve goals over a three-year period. At the beginning of a period, the Committee sets a target number of shares of Applied stock to be paid to each executive at the end of the period, assuming continued employment. The actual payout is then calculated, relative to the target, based on Applied’s achievement of objective goals.

As a new three-year period begins, the Committee reviews the business plan and market outlook for each year of the period. Then, after also considering the independent consultant’s guidance as to market practices, the Committee determines performance measures and goal ranges at which payouts can be earned for each year; i.e., the goals for each year of a three-year period are established and approved at the start of the three-year period.

Applied’s approach, as opposed to setting goals covering the full three-year period, reduces the risk that a year of over- or under-performance unduly influences payouts for the full three years.

The Committee sets goals it believes are attainable without inappropriate risk-taking, but that still require executives to perform on a sustained basis at a consistently high level to achieve the targeted payout.

Payouts can range from 0% to 200% of the target number of shares. The target payout is 100% of the target number assigned to the executive. The Grants of Plan-Based Awards table on page 43 shows the threshold, target, and maximum payouts for performance shares awarded.

Because the payout is measured in shares, the award’s value depends on both the company’s operating performance and its stock price, motivating executives throughout the performance period with regard to both.

For the 2024-2026 performance shares, consistent with prior years, the Committee set separate goals for each year of the period, with 75% of an award tied to Applied’s EBITDA and 25% to ROA. ROA improvements can be achieved by, among other things, increasing sales and margins, as well as improving working capital management, all of which are important objectives for industrial distributors.

The Committee considered these metrics to be appropriate measures of management’s impact on operating performance and returns over a three-year period.

Each participant’s targeted number of shares for the three-year period is divided into one-third for each year. Shares awarded for achievement during a particular year are then “banked” for distribution at the end of the three-year term and do not affect the banking of shares for the other years.

Executive Compensation

Using individual years’ performance makes achieving maximum awards for the full three-year period more difficult because results exceeding maximum goals in any one year do not make up for shortfalls in other years.

The goals for the first year of the performance period, 2024, follow:

Banked awards could range from 0% to 200% of the executive officers’ target share award values. The Committee established this range after considering Pay Governance’s guidance as to market practices. Awards for each performance measure were to be prorated on a straight-line proportional basis for results between the threshold 50%, 100%, and maximum 200% payout levels.

The performance share terms provide the Committee the authority, in its sole discretion, to adjust performance achievements in order to prevent diminution or enlargement of the benefits intended to be conferred.

As a result of the 2024 achievements, as adjusted, participants banked awards, to be distributed in shares of Applied stock following the end of 2026, as follows:

As described above, the Committee sets separate goals for each year of a three-year performance share program at the time the program is adopted. So, while 2024 was the first year of the 2024-2026 performance period, it was also the second year of the 2023-2025 performance period and the third year of the 2022-2024 performance period. For the 2023-2025 performance shares, the 2024 goals, adopted in August 2022, follow:

Executive Compensation

As a result of 2024 achievements, as adjusted, participants banked awards, to be distributed in shares of Applied stock following the end of 2025, as follows:

The award banked for the program’s first year, 2023, as a percentage of target performance shares, was 163.4% of target.

The goals for the final year of the 2022-2024 performance shares program, adopted in August 2021, follow:

As a result of 2024 achievements, as adjusted, participants were awarded shares of Applied stock as follows:

The awards banked for the program’s first two years, as a percentage of target performance shares, were 179% and 200% of target in each of 2022 and 2023. The average payout for the full three-year period was 193% of target.

Qualified, Nonqualified, and Welfare Plan Benefits. Through the plans described below, we seek to provide benefits comparable to those available at Peer Group and other similarly sized companies. The Committee, with its independent consultant’s assistance, reviews executive-level benefits periodically and compares them with market information, considering executives’ positions and years of service.

Applied maintains a defined contribution plan with a section 401(k) feature (the Retirement Savings Plan, or “RSP”) for eligible U.S. employees, including NEOs.