ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION ANDRESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
This section of the report includes a number of forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words like: believe, expect, estimate, anticipate, intend, project and similar expressions, or words which, by their nature, refer to future events. You should not place undue certainty on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this report. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or our predictions. All funds are reflected in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated.
We are a small company and we are insolvent. There is substantial doubt that we can continue as an on-going business for the next twelve months unless we obtain additional capital to pay our bills. This is because we have generated insignificant revenues from our operations during the last eight years. We have been able to remain in business as a result of investments, in debt or equity securities, by our officers and directors and by other unrelated parties. We expect to incur operating losses in the foreseeable future and our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise additional money through investments by others and achieve profitable operations. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise additional money or that additional money or that additional financing will be available to us on satisfactory terms or that we will be able to achieve profitable operations. The consolidated statements were prepared under the assumption that we will continue as a going concern, however, there can be no assurance that such financial support shall be ongoing or available on terms or conditions acceptable to the Company. This raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
For the last eight fiscal years, starting January 2010, our management and board of directors have raised funds through a personal and professional network of investors. This has allowed us to pursue, on a limited basis, product and business development, continued operations, and generation of customer interest. In order to continue operations, management has contemplated several options to raise capital and sustain operations in the next 12 months. These options include, but are not limited to, debt and equity offers to existing shareholders, debt and equity offers to independent investment professionals and through various other financing alternatives. We currently believe that if we can secure sufficient additional capital on reasonable terms and on a timely basis and if we are successful in securing at least one project that likely will enable us to continue operations for the next 12 months. There can be no guarantee that we will receive sufficient additional capital on a timely basis and on reasonable terms that will allow is to continue to remain in business. Currently we have not received any commitment from any third party to provide the additional capital that we believe we will require to sustain our company as a corporate entity or otherwise allow us to meet our financial obligations.
In the event that we are unable to obtain sufficient additional funds on a timely basis, we may be facing adverse actions from our creditors that we would not likely be able to resolve on any reasonable terms.
On April 8, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with FE Pharmacy Inc. whereby in consideration for the issuance of 475,000,000 post reverse stock split common stock of Kallo, FE Pharmacy Inc. assumed and will pay all of the Company's outstanding indebtedness as of April 7, 2017. Management believes that with this agreement in place, it can concentrate on bringing the potential projects as detailed below to fruition
and any additional funding can be met through one of the three options mentioned above.
On January 23, 2014, we announced the signing of a US$200,000,925 (Two Hundred million nine hundred and twenty-five US dollars) Supply Contract with the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene of the Republic Of Guinea. On April 14, 2015, the Minister of Health and Public Hygiene, in a letter confirmed the selection of Kallo Inc., as supplier pursuant to the MobileCare
TM
Supply Contract, to design and build specialized hospitals in the regions of Conakry, Kindia, Labe, Kankan and Nzerekore, and asked Kallo to mobilize its technical teams for site visits to engage in preliminary studies for the construction of these hospitals. No equipment has been sold under the terms of this supply contract, nor is there any assurance any equipment will be sold thereunder.
In addition to the primary supply contract, on April 6, 2015, the Government of Guinea signed an addendum to the agreement expanding the project by $54,916,600.
Under the Supply Contract, we anticipate that we will implement an integrated healthcare delivery solution for the Republic of Guinea if our financial circumstances and market conditions allow. The components of the solution include, MobileCare, RuralCare, Hospital Information Systems, Telehealth Systems, Pharmacy Information, disaster management, air and surface patient transportation systems and clinical training.
On September 21, 2018, we and Grissag AG, Ltd. ("Grissag") entered into a Partnership Framework Agreement (the "Agreement") with the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Republic of Guinea ("Ministry"), under which certain projects have been identified and we received assurances from the Ministry of its approval of the projects to be undertaken by us either directly or through third party collaborating companies. The projects identified are:
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Health: Hospitals, Rural Clinics and Mobile Clinics; according to the proposal submitted by Kallo Inc.
and approved by the Ministry of Health
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Agriculture: development of 20,000 hectares of land along the rivers Milo and Sankarani
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Infrastructures: construction of Kankan-Kérouané road, Kankan-Mandiana
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Water: Serving the city of Conakry and cities in the interior of the country
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As currently planned, the contemplated projects are to be funded by third-party independent banks as identified and arranged through the efforts of Grissag (the "Funding Sources"). In the event Grissag is successful in securing funding from the Funding Sources in sufficient amounts and on the terms that have been accepted by the Government in this agreement, we anticipate that currently identified projects and possibly other projects will be undertaken subject to approval by the Government and to then existing and later determined terms of the agreements between us, the Government and Grissag, Under this binding framework agreement, Grissag will fund up to US$8,000,000,000 progressively with health projects of US$1,700,000,000 for immediate implementation.
Under the express terms of the Agreement and unless we are able to demonstrate that "funding is mobilized" within six months of the date of the Agreement then the Agreement is null and void. The Agreement also requires that we and Grissag are obligated to take steps to "realize the field work" contemplated by the Agreement and do so within six months of September 21, 2018 (the "Field Work Term"). If the Field Work Term is not satisfied within six months of September 21, 2018, then we and Grissag lose our exclusive rights as set forth in the Agreement. However, the Agreement is renewable for a period of twelve months subject to further agreement of the Parties. The Agreement may not be assigned or transferred without the written consent of the Ministry. W
e
believe that we have requisite skills and capabilities to fulfill our obligations as set forth in the Agreement, however we
cannot assure you that we will be successful in meeting our express and implied obligations under the Agreement and that we are otherwise able to achieve our objectives.
In 2017 the Government of Ghana initiated several discussions with us, to revisit how the Ministry of Defense – Military Hospital requirements, the Ministry of Health healthcare infrastructure requirements and the Ministry of Education Teaching Hospital infrastructure requirements can be met using the Kallo Integrated Delivery Model. The success of these discussions confirmed Ghana's continued belief in the Kallo Integrated Delivery System, as the best solution for the nation's healthcare infrastructure development, which is very encouraging for our continued business in Ghana.
On June 20, 2017, our branch office was legally registered in Ghana. A valid tax identification number was issued and this number is to be used by us in all of our anticipated business that we hope to conduct within Ghana. We have incorporated four SPVs (Special Purpose Vehicles / Companies) to oversee the various projects we seek to undertake in Ghana. The SPVs are all incorporated under the laws of Ghana as private companies.
While we believe that our business plans involving Ghana are sound and may offer us significant business opportunities, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain sufficient financing on reasonable terms and on a timely basis that will allow us to pursue these opportunities.
We have entered into four major concession agreements with four key governmental institutions in Ghana. We have also, through our SPVs has entered into the following concession arrangements for the construction and operation of various hospital facilities in Ghana:
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Project Description
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Kallo SPV
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1
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Tamale Military Hospital project
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K-TMH Ghana Limited
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2
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Cape Coast Teaching Hospital project
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K-UCC Cape Coast Limited
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3
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Sunyani Teaching Hospital project
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K-UENR Sunyani Limited
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4
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Ho Teaching Hospital project
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K-UHAS Ho Limited
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These agreements are effective upon execution and the concession period will start from the date on which financial close is achieved with the Lenders and all conditions precedent are satisfied or waived. The financing has not closed yet and there is no guarantee that financial close will be achieved.
We are also having very active discussions with other neighboring countries in Africa such as Niger, South Africa, and Nigeria for further expansion of our businesses in the region. However, we cannot assure you that our discussions will result in agreements that will allow us to achieve and maintain profitability and positive cash flow.
In 2017, we have also initiated project negotiations in Canada with two First Nations Groups to provide innovative solutions to increase accessibility and monitoring and management of medication from prescription to consumption with direct reporting to the provincial ministries.
Project Financing for the projects is being arranged by AGGELOS CAPITAL Investment Banking Ltd and GRISSAG AG (PTY) LTD and the risk guarantees are being provided by the African Guarantee Fund and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), the Political Risk Insurance arm of the World Bank Group. This financing has not closed yet and there is no guarantee that financial close will be achieved.
If market conditions and our financial resources allow, we may be able to expand our business. To that end,
we have entered into collaboration agreements with TAHPI, an international company with expertise in Health Service Planning, Health Facility Planning, Architecture and Interior Design on 30
th
June 2017 and FORTA MEDICAL, an advanced off-site building methods company on 28th July 2017. FORTA offers healthcare facilities based on a fast– track modular design and construction solutions with minimal disruption to the surrounding facilities operation. Their advanced factory prefabrication helps shorten project construction timetables in a way that is not achievable with on–site building technologies. Overall, if these collaborations are successful, they may allow us to
increase our project delivery capacity and our ability to deliver projects at a higher level of complexity and thereby demonstrate the quality of our products and services. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in securing these projects and also, at the same time, secure the financial commitments that will be needed or, if we are successful in either or both of these pursuits, that the terms and conditions will allow us to achieve profitability and positive cash flow
.
We have also secured renewed commitment from our technology partners and technology infrastructure providers.
Plan of Operation
The following plan of operation contains forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth elsewhere in this document. Because of the speculative nature of our operations and the nature of the African countries we are attempting to do business with, there is no assurance that any of the planned operations will occur
.
To the extent that we are financially able and if circumstances allow, we plan to continue to develop components of Kallo Integrated Delivery System:
Kallo Integrated Delivery System (KIDS)
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MobileCareTM – a mobile trailer that opens into a state of the art clinical setup in a vehicle equipped with the latest technology in healthcare. More than just a facility, MobileCare TM can instantly connect the onboard physician with specialists for on-demand consultation via satellite through its Telehealth system. This is truly a holistic approach to delivering healthcare to the remotely located. For many rural communities, the nearest hospital, doctor or nurse may be hundreds of kilometers away. In many cases, this gap can be bridged using Telehealth technology that allows patients, nurses and doctors to talk as if they were in the same room
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RuralCare
TM
– prefabricated modular healthcare units focused in rural areas where no roads infrastructure is available. They are equipped to provide primary healthcare including X-Ray, ultrasound, surgery, pharmacy and lab services. Ranging from 1,200 to 3,800 square feet, these clinics can be up and running in disaster zones or rural areas in as little as one week. Similar to the MobileCare
TM
product, RuralCare
TM
also utilizes satellite communications to access the Telehealth system
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Our overall healthcare mission is to
"reach the unreached".
The end-to-end solution includes the following:
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Global response center
– located in the Kallo headquarters in Canada, this is the escalation point for the coordination of delivery of Telehealth and eHealth support. It consists of both the Clinical Command Center and the Administrative Command Center
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Regional response centers, Clinical and Administrative Command centers
– located in the urban area hospitals and connected with satellite communications, these centers coordinate all aspects of the healthcare delivery solution with the Mobile clinics and Rural clinics including clinical services, Telehealth services, pharmacy and medical consumable coordination as well as escalations to the Global response center
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Kallo University
– provides education, training and development of local resources for all aspects of the healthcare delivery which includes clinical, engineering and administration
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Emergency Medical Services
– provides ground and air ambulance vehicles for emergency patient transport
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Our end to end delivery solution is equipped with necessary medical equipment as per regional healthcare requirements. We also install our copyrighted software and third party software as required along with a 5 year support agreement renewable after the 5 year initial term that includes the medical equipment, software licenses, installation implementation and training. This generates an ongoing revenue stream for service, maintenance, spare-parts, and consumables
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Sales Go-To-Market Strategy
Our Sales Go-To-Market Strategy is segmented and we believe that it is based on the varying needs of our customers in the following three categories:
Full solution
with Kallo Integrated Delivery System (KIDS) – typically longer sales cycle and includes the end to end solution of Mobile Clinics, Rural Poly Clinics, Global and Regional response centers, Clinical and Administrative command centers, telehealth support, Kallo University training, pharmacy and medical consumable support and Emergency services with ground and air ambulance vehicles. This solution is focused on the end to end healthcare needs of developing countries.
Component Solutions
– typically mid-term sales cycle and includes any of the components of the KIDS implementation without the full support structure. This strategy is focused on augmenting healthcare support where needed, such as, disaster management, North American First Nations, medical equipment supply, installation and testing.
Technology Solutions
– typically short-term sales cycle and includes elements of the KIDS program that can enhance existing healthcare solutions. These would include our Hospital Management System, Consulting services, Bio Medical support, Mobile or Fixed Clinic manufacturing, etc. This strategy is focused on enhancing existing healthcare environments globally
Over the next twelve months, we have established the following objectives:
1.
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To follow-up completion of the financing process with financiers and the respective governments.
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To pursue working capital raise with financial institutions and private placements.
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3.
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To complete our organization restructuring and continue to build our infrastructure and resources for operations and management.
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There can be no assurance that we will be successful in raising the additional capital needed to implement any one or more of the above business objectives. And in the event that we are successful in raising additional capital, there can be no assurance that any capital that is raised will be on reasonable terms. We have had some preliminary discussions with potential sources who may provide us with additional capital but we are not able to give any assurances that we will obtain the necessary capital in sufficient amounts and on reasonable terms that will allow us to achieve these objectives. Any person who acquires our Common Stock should be prepared to lose their entire investment.
Need for additional capital
We have incurred significant operating losses since inception and we have an accumulated deficit and a working capital deficit as of June 30, 2018. We expect that we will incur significant additional losses as we attempt to execute our market strategy. This raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We cannot guarantee we will be successful in our business operations. Our business is subject to risks inherent in the establishment of an early-stage business enterprise, including limited capital resources and possible cost overruns due to price increases in services and products.
To become profitable and competitive, we have to sell our products and services
in sufficient volumes and with margins that may allow us to achieve profitability. We cannot assure you or anyone that we will be successful in these efforts
.
There is no guaranty that we will obtain sufficient additional financing on a timely basis and on reasonable terms. If financing is not available on satisfactory terms, we may be unable to continue, develop, or expand our operations and otherwise remain in existence Any equity financing will likely result in immediate and substantial dilution of existing stockholders. As a result any investor should be prepared to lose their entire investment.
Results of operations
Revenues
We did not generate any revenues during the six months ended June 30, 2018 or 2017 and there can be no guarantee that we will generate any revenues in the near future or, if we do generate any revenues, that we can do so at a level that will allow us to achieve profitability and positive cash flow or both of them.
Expenses
During the three months ended June 30, 2018 we incurred total expenses of $84,531, including $99,824 in salaries and compensation, $16,394 in professional fees, $27,746 in interest and financing costs and $5,695 as other expenses offset by $65,128 foreign exchange gain whereas during the three months ended June 30, 2017 we incurred total expenses of $5,348,024, including $5,419,984 in salaries and compensation, $53,623 in interest and financing costs, $89,507 in loss on foreign exchange, $6,347 loss in fair value of derivative liabilities and $5,759 as other expenses offset by $227,196 gain on extinguishment of convertible promissory notes.
The decrease in our total expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2018 from the comparative period is mainly due to stock based compensation of $5,318,964 in the previous period, a decrease in interest and financing costs of $25,877, a decrease in loss in fair value of derivative liabilities of $6,347, a decrease in gain on extinguishment of convertible promissory notes of $227,196, a positive change in foreign exchange of $154,635. The decrease in interest and financing costs, loss in fair value of derivative liabilities and gain on extinguishment of convertible promissory notes are due to repayment of convertible promissory notes. There is also a positive change in foreign exchange of $268,020 due to appreciation of the US dollar vis a vis the Canadian dollar.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018 we incurred total expenses of $150,859, including $201,769 in salaries and compensation, $33,549 in professional fees, $55,188 in interest and financing costs and $9,415 as other expenses offset by $149,062 foreign exchange gain whereas during the six months ended June 30, 2017 we incurred total expenses of $5,659,809, including $5,597,849 in salaries and compensation, $2,940 in selling and marketing expenses, $112,016 in interest and financing costs, $3,012 in loss in fair value of derivative liabilities, $118,958 loss on foreign exchange and $52,230 in other expenses offset by $227,196 gain on extinguishment of convertible promissory notes.
The decrease in salaries of $5,396,080 is mainly due to the stock based compensation of $5,318,964 in the previous period. There is a decrease in interest and financing costs of $56,828 due to repayment of convertible promissory notes. There is also a positive change in foreign exchange of $268,020 due to appreciation of the US dollar vis a vis the Canadian dollar.
The Company is operating with a minimal number of full time employees and office space until it can secure new contracts. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in securing any one or more contracts and that the terms of the contracts will allow us to achieve profitability, positive cash flow, or both.
Net Loss
During the three months ended June 30, 2018 we did not generate any revenues and incurred a net loss of $84,531 compared to a net loss of $5,348,024 during the same period in 2017. The main reasons were the decrease in salaries and compensation and the repayment of the convertible promissory notes as discussed above.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018 we did not generate any revenues and we incurred a net loss of $150,859 compared to a net loss of $5,659,809 during the same period in 2017. The main reasons were the decrease in salaries and compensation, decrease in interest and financing costs and positive movement in exchange rate offset by a decrease in gain on extinguishment of convertible promissory notes as discussed above.
Liquidity
and capital resources
As at June 30, 2018, the Company had current assets of $3,000 and current liabilities of $4,342,347, indicating working capital deficiency of $4,339,347. As of June 30, 2018, our total assets were $3,000 in prepaid expenses and our total liabilities were $4,342,347 comprised of $3,320,387 in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, convertible loans payable of $1,004,954 and short term loans of $17,006.
Cash used in operating activities amounted to $Nil during the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily as a result of the net loss adjusted for non-cash items and various changes in operating assets and liabilities.
There was no cash movement in investing and financing activities during the current six months period ended June 30, 2018.
As of June 30, 2018, our Total Liabilities exceeded our Total Assets because we were insolvent and we can not assure you that we will become solvent at any time in the near future.