FALSE000146608500014660852023-10-262023-10-26

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________________
FORM 8-K
_____________________________________________
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): October 26, 2023
_____________________________________________
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_____________________________________________
Maryland
001-36041
26-4567130
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
(Commission
File Number)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
1835 Market Street, Suite 2601
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19103
(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)
(267) 270-4800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
Former name or former address, if changed since last report
_____________________________________________
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
o
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock
IRT
NYSE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o






Item 2.02    Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
On October 30, 2023, we issued a press release announcing our financial results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Additionally, we are furnishing certain supplemental information with this Current Report. Copies of such press release and such supplemental information are furnished as Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2, respectively, to this Current Report and are incorporated by reference into this Item 2.02. The information in this Item 2.02, including Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2 hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. The information in this Item 2.02 shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Item 2.06     Material Impairments.
On October 26, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a plan, which we refer to as our “Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy,” to exit or reduce our presence in certain markets. Our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy targets sales of 10 properties (collectively, the “Targeted Sales Properties”), including one property in Chicago, Illinois that was held for sale as of September 30, 2023. The Targeted Sales Properties contain an aggregate of 2,742 units and are located in or around Denver, Colorado, Houston, Texas, Chicago, Illinois, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Chattanooga, Tennessee, Norfolk, Virginia and Asheville, North Carolina.
In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we have recorded an impairment charge for the third quarter 2023 of $11.3 million related to our property in Chicago, Illinois that was held for sale as of September 30, 2023. In addition, as of the date of this Current Report, we have determined that we will be required, under GAAP, to record an impairment charge in the fourth quarter 2023 for three other Targeted Sales Properties and currently estimate the amount of the impairment charge to be between $23 and $25 million, in aggregate.
Due to the early stage of our sales activities with respect to the other six Targeted Sales Properties, as of the date of this Current Report, given currently available information, and pending the outcome of the sales processes, we expect to incur impairment charges for certain of these properties in the fourth quarter 2023 ranging between $32 and $38 million, in aggregate.
Our estimates of impairment charges are preliminary and subject to change. The actual amount of impairment charges may be higher or lower than our estimates and will depend on the terms of actual sales, if any. There can be no assurance that any of the targeted sales will be consummated within the contemplated prices ranges, within the contemplated time frames, or at all.
Item 7.01    Regulation FD Disclosure.
The information provided in Item 2.02 above is incorporated by reference into this Item 7.01. The information incorporated by reference into this this Item 7.01 is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section. The information incorporated by reference into this Item 7.01 shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Forward-Looking Statements
This document includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance and certain actions that we expect or seek to take in connection with our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy and anticipated enhancements to our financial results and future growth from this strategy. All statements in this document that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected



changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, failure to realize cost savings, efficiencies and other benefits that we expect to result from our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the date of this Current Report and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.
Item 9.01    Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d)Exhibits.
99.1
99.2
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).



SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
October 30, 2023By:/s/ James J. Sebra
Name:James J. Sebra
Title:Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer


Exhibit 99.1


Independence Realty Trust Announces Third Quarter 2023 Financial Results
Initiates Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy
Updates Full Year 2023 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA – (BUSINESS WIRE) – October 30, 2023 — Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT”) (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, today announced its third quarter 2023 financial results, initiated its portfolio optimization strategy and updated its full year 2023 guidance.
Third Quarter Highlights
Net income available to common shares of $3.9 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $16.2 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Earnings per diluted share of $0.02 for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $0.07 for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Same-store portfolio net operating income (“NOI”) growth of 4.8% for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Core Funds from Operations (“CFFO”) of $69.0 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $64.3 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. CFFO per share was $0.30 for the third quarter of 2023, as compared to $0.28 for the third quarter of 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA of $94.4 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $89.3 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, an increase of 5.7%.
Value add program completed renovations at 709 units during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 14.2%.
Included later in this press release are definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Management Commentary
“For the third quarter of 2023, we delivered growth of 4.8% in same store NOI and 7.1% in Core FFO per share and we remain focused on delivering sustainable operational efficiencies. We are updating our full year 2023 guidance to reflect the impact of the slowing macroeconomic environment on leasing activity.” said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. “We are also commencing a portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy that will accelerate non-core asset sales while deleveraging our balance sheet in the near-term. We expect these initiatives will increase our financial flexibility and will reduce leverage by almost a full turn upon completion of all asset sales. We are confident that these initiatives will strengthen our balance sheet and improve our presence in the multifamily sector in 2024.”
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Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results
Third Quarter 2023
 Compared to
 Third Quarter 2022
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Rental and other property revenue5.4% increase6.3% increase
Property operating expenses6.3% increase6.2% increase
Net operating income (“NOI”)4.8% increase6.4% increase
Portfolio average occupancy40 bps increase to 94.6%120 bps decrease to 93.9%
Portfolio average rental rate4.4% increase to $1,5497.7% increase to $1,536
NOI Margin40 bps decrease to 62.4%No change — 62.6%
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
Operating Metrics
The table below summarizes operating metrics for the same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.
3Q 2023
4Q 2023(3)
Same-Store Portfolio(1)
   Average Occupancy94.6 %94.3 %
(4)
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases0.8 %(2.3)%
        Renewal Leases 4.8 %5.0 %
        Blended3.0 %2.3 %
   Resident retention rate52.3 %48.4 %
Same-Store Portfolio excluding Ongoing Value Add
   Average Occupancy95.0 %94.7 %
(4)
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases0.3 %(2.5)%
        Renewal Leases4.6 %4.8 %
        Blended2.7 %2.1 %
   Resident retention rate52.6 %47.7 %
Value Add (22 properties with Ongoing Value Add)
   Average Occupancy92.8 %92.8 %
(4)
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases2.8 %(1.6)%
        Renewal Leases5.9 %6.3 %
        Blended4.5 %3.0 %
   Resident retention rate51.2 %51.3 %
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
(2)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-13 months.
(3)4Q 2023 average occupancy and resident retention rates are through October 28, 2023. 4Q 2023 new lease and renewal rates are for leases commencing during 4Q 2023 that were signed as of October 28, 2023.
(4)As of October 28, 2023, same-store portfolio occupancy was 94.6%, same-store portfolio excluding ongoing value add occupancy was 95.0%, and value add occupancy was 93.1%.
Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy

We continuously evaluate opportunities for the potential disposition of properties in our portfolio by considering a variety of criteria including, but not limited to, local market conditions and lease rates, our scale within the
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markets, our view of market demographics and growth prospects and potential uses of sales proceeds. Subsequent to September 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a plan, which we refer to as our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy, to exit or reduce our presence in certain markets while also deleveraging our balance sheet. Our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy targets sales of approximately 10 properties that are located in seven markets, including the one property in Chicago, Illinois that was held for sale as of September 30, 2023. Nine of the 10 properties were acquired in December 2021 as part of the STAR merger. We currently expect these asset sales to generate gross sales proceeds of approximately $521 to $533 million with proceeds used to immediately delever our balance sheet.
We estimate that these asset sales, if consummated within the foregoing price range, will enable us to reduce our outstanding debt by approximately $516 to $528 million (comprised of $284 million of property level debt associated with the ten properties and $232 to $244 million of additional debt), will reduce our net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio by 0.8x to 0.9x, and will be dilutive to Core FFO per share by $0.02-$0.03. In addition, consummation of the targeted sales would reduce our market exposures by five single asset markets and reduce the average age of the properties in our portfolio by approximately one year.
We expect to recognize an aggregate net loss after completion of all sales in the range of approximately $39 to $51 million comprised of an $11.3 million impairment charge recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2023 related to our property in Chicago, Illinois that is currently held for sale; an estimated $55 to $63 million impairment charge we expect to recognize during the fourth quarter of 2023 with respect to certain of the properties targeted for sale; and estimated gains of approximately $24 to $28 million we expect to realize in the periods of sale of certain of the properties targeted for sale.
We are in various stages of marketing, negotiations, and buyer due diligence with respect to the properties targeted for sale. There can be no assurance that any of the sales will be consummated at expected pricing levels, within expected time frames, or at all. The estimates of sale prices discussed above are based on our assessment of current conditions in the markets where the properties are located, comparable sales data, characteristics and operating performance of the properties among other factors and are subject to numerous assumptions.
Value Add Program
We completed renovations on 709 units during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, achieving a return on investment of 14.2% (and approximately 15.3% on the interior portion of such renovation costs), with an average cost per unit renovated of $17,750, and an average monthly rent increase per renovated unit of $210. For the nine months end September 30, 2023, we have completed renovations on 1,969 units, achieving a return on investment of 16.0% (and approximately 17.3% on the interior portion of such renovation costs), with an average cost per unit renovated of $16,947, and an average monthly rent increase per renovated unit of $224. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental for additional information on our projects life to date as of September 30, 2023.
Investment Activity
Capital Expenditures
For the three months ended September 30, 2023, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $5.3 million, or $153 per unit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $15.8 million, or $454 per unit.
Capital Markets
Dividend Distribution
On September 12, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.16 per share of common stock. The third quarter dividend was paid on October 20, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on September 29, 2023.
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2023 EPS, FFO and CFFO Guidance
We reduced our EPS, FFO, and CFFO per share guidance ranges and our same store NOI guidance range. Earnings (loss) per diluted share is now projected to be in the range of ($0.07) to ($0.02). A reconciliation of IRT's projected net (loss) income allocable to common shares to its projected CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management’s definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.
Previous GuidanceCurrent GuidanceChange at Midpoint
2023 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance(1)(2)
LowHighLowHigh
Earnings (loss) per share$0.25 $0.27 $(0.07)$(0.02)$(0.305)
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization
0.95 0.95 0.94 0.94 (0.01)
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of
  real estate assets(3)
(0.01)(0.01)0.32 0.28 0.31 
FFO per share1.19 1.21 1.19 1.20 (0.005)
Loan (premium accretion) discount
  amortization, net
(0.05)(0.05)(0.05)(0.05)— 
Core FFO per share$1.14 $1.16 $1.14 $1.15 $(0.005)
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2023 EPS, FFO, and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” . Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.
(2)Per share guidance is based on 230.4 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.
(3)Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of real estate assets includes gains (impairments) on one asset sale that occurred during the first quarter of 2023, one property identified as held for sale as of September 30, 2023, and nine other assets targeted for sale as part of our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy.
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2023 Guidance Assumptions
Our key guidance assumptions for 2023 are enumerated below. See definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.
Same-Store Portfolio
Previous 2023 Outlook
Current 2023 Outlook(1)
Change at Midpoint
Number of properties/units115 properties / 34,179 units106 properties / 31,829 units
Property revenue growth6.1% to 6.6%5.5% to 5.7%(0.75)%
Controllable operating expense growth4.7% to 5.4%6.0% to 7.0%1.40%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth7.5% to 8.1%4.2% to 4.8%(3.30)%
Total operating expense growth5.7% to 6.4%5.5% to 5.9%(0.35)%
Property NOI growth6.0% to 7.0%5.3% to 5.7%(1.00)%
Corporate Expenses
   General and administrative & Property
    management expenses
$50.5 million to $51.5 million$50.0 million to $51.0 million$(0.5) million
   Interest expense(2)
$102.5 million to $103.5 million$101.0 million to $102.0 million$(1.5) million
Transaction/Investment Volume(3)
Acquisition volumeNoneNone
Disposition volume$122 million to $127 million$122 million to $127 million
Capital Expenditures
Recurring$20.0 million to $22.0 million$20.0 million to $21.0 million$(0.5) million
Value add & non-recurring$78.0 million to $82.0 million$83.0 million to $85.0 million$4.0 million
Development$80.0 million to $90.0 million$75.0 million to $80.0 million$(7.5) million
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” .
(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting, we recorded a $72.1 million loan premium, net, related to STAR debt. This loan premium will be accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion will be excluded from CFFO.
(3)Includes one asset sale that occurred in the first quarter 2023 and one property identified as held for sale as of September 30, 2023. We expect sales of the other nine properties included in the Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy to close in 2024. Actual acquisitions and dispositions could vary significantly from our projections. We undertake no duty to update these assumptions except as required by law. See “Forward-Looking Statements”.

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Selected Financial Information
See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions
We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same-store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management’s rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.
Conference Call
All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Tuesday, October 31, 2023 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.888.440.3307, access code 1963990. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT’s website until the next earnings release. A playback of the conference call can also be accessed telephonically until Tuesday, November 7, 2023 by dialing 1.800.770.2030, access code 1963990.
Supplemental Information
We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same-store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.
About Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Oklahoma City, OK, Nashville, TN, Houston, TX, and Tampa, FL. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance and certain actions that we expect or seek to take in connection with our portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy and anticipated enhancements to our financial results and future growth from this strategy. All statements in this release that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, failure to realize cost savings, efficiencies and other benefits that we expect to result from our portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.









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Schedule I
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Selected Financial Information
Dollars in thousands, except per share data (unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net income available to common shares$3,930$10,709$8,648$33,631$16,223
Earnings per share -- diluted$0.02$0.05$0.04$0.15$0.07
Rental and other property revenue$168,375$163,601$161,135$162,493$160,300
Property operating expenses$63,300$62,071$59,255$57,450$59,967
NOI$105,075$101,530$101,880$105,043$100,333
NOI margin62.4%62.1%63.2%64.6%62.6%
Adjusted EBITDA$94,415$89,156$87,594$93,017$89,264
FFO per share$0.31$0.28$0.27$0.31$0.30
CORE FFO per share$0.30$0.28$0.27$0.29$0.28
Dividends per share$0.16$0.16$0.14$0.14$0.14
CORE FFO payout ratio53.3%57.1%51.9%48.3%50.0%
Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets $7,225,447$7,117,404$7,045,306$7,034,902$7,097,280
Total number of operating properties (a)120119119120122
Total units (a)35,42735,24935,24935,52636,176
Portfolio period end occupancy (a)94.4%94.6%94.1%93.6%94.6%
Portfolio average occupancy (a)94.6%94.1%93.1%93.9%94.2%
Portfolio average effective monthly rent, per unit (a)$1,556$1,538$1,535$1,522$1,484
Same-store portfolio period end occupancy (b)94.5%94.6%94.1%93.6%94.6%
Same-store portfolio average occupancy (b)94.6%94.2%93.1%93.9%94.2%
Same-store portfolio average effective
  monthly rent, per unit (b)
$1,549$1,531$1,528$1,517$1,484
Capitalization:
Total debt (c)$2,715,710$2,650,805$2,628,632$2,631,645$2,713,625
Common share price, period end$14.07$18.22$16.03$16.86$16.73
Market equity capitalization$3,245,135$4,202,342$3,694,970$3,880,432$3,850,365
Total market capitalization$5,960,845$6,853,147$6,323,602$6,512,077$6,563,990
Total debt/total gross assets37.6%37.2%37.3%37.4%38.2%
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (d)7.0x7.2x7.3x6.9x7.2x
Interest coverage4.3x4.0x4.0x4.0x4.0x
Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding224,695,566224,697,889224,556,870224,064,940224,056,179
OP units outstanding5,946,5715,946,5715,946,5716,091,1716,091,171
Common shares and OP units outstanding230,642,137230,644,460230,503,441230,156,111230,147,350
Weighted average common shares and OP units230,444,945230,369,086230,186,297229,994,927228,051,780
(a)Excludes our development projects (Destination at Arista and Flatirons Apartments). See definitions at the end of this release.
(b)Same-store portfolio consists of 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
(c)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
(d)Reflects net debt to Adjusted EBITDA for each period presented, including adjustments for the timing of acquisitions and dispositions impacting quarterly EBITDA. For the five quarters ended September 30, 2023, net debt to Adjusted EBITDA excluding adjustments for these items was 7.0x, 7.2x, 7.3x, 6.9x, and 7.4x, respectively.
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Schedule II
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Funds from Operations and Core Funds From Operations
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)


For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2023202220232022
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net income$3,986 $16,653 $23,847 $86,135 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization55,21749,347162,205 199,588 
Our share of real estate depreciation and amortization from
  investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
4861,3881,479 1,904 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate assets,
  net, excluding prepayment gains
11,26810,954 (94,712)
FFO$70,957 $67,388 $198,485 $192,915 
FFO per share$0.31 $0.30 $0.86 $0.85 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO$70,957 $67,388 $198,485 $192,915 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization329375860 1,100 
Casualty losses (gains), net35(191)866 (7,176)
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net(2,747)(2,750)(8,239)(8,245)
Prepayment (gains) penalties on asset dispositions(670)— 
Other expense (income), net429(765)663 (1,438)
Merger and integration costs275— 3,477 
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — 
CFFO$69,003 $64,332 $195,178 $180,633 
CFFO per share$0.30 $0.28 $0.85 $0.79 
Weighted-average shares and units outstanding230,444,945228,051,780230,334,398227,933,320
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Schedule III
Independence Realty Trust Inc.
Reconciliation from Net Income (Loss) to Same-Store Net Operating Income (a)
Dollars in thousands
(unaudited)




For the Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Net income$3,986 $10,988 $8,872 $34,524 $16,653 
   Other revenue(232)(354)(239)(306)(300)
   Property management expenses7,232 6,818 6,371 6,593 5,744 
   General and administrative
     expenses
3,660 5,910 8,154 5,739 5,625 
   Depreciation and amortization
    expense
55,546 53,984 53,536 52,161 49,722 
   Casualty losses (gains), net35 680 151 (1,690)(191)
   Interest expense22,033 22,227 22,124 23,337 22,093 
   Loss on impairment (gain on sale)
    of real estate assets, net
11,268 — (985)(17,044)— 
   Other loss (income), net369 72 (93)(57)(765)
   Loss (gain) from investments in
     unconsolidated real estate entities
1,178 1,205 776 (242)1,477 
   Merger and integration costs— — — 2,028 275 
   Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — — 
NOI$105,075 $101,530 $101,880 $105,043 $100,333 
Less: Non same-store portfolio NOI4,063 3,400 3,804 4,866 3,937 
Same-store portfolio NOI$101,012 $98,130 $98,076 $100,177 $96,396 
(a)Same-store portfolio consists of 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
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Schedule IV
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Interest Coverage Ratio
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

 Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Net income (loss)$3,986 $10,988 $8,872 $34,524 $16,653 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense22,033 22,227 22,124 23,337 22,093 
Depreciation and amortization55,546 53,984 53,536 52,161 49,722 
Casualty losses (gains), net35 680 151 (1,690)(191)
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of
  real estate assets, net
11,268 — (985)(17,044)— 
Merger and integration costs— — — 2,028 275 
Loss (gain) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
1,178 1,205 776 (242)1,477 
Other loss (income), net369 72 (93)(57)(765)
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — — 
Adjusted EBITDA$94,415 $89,156 $87,594 $93,017 $89,264 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense$22,033 $22,227 $22,124 $23,337 $22,093 
INTEREST COVERAGE:4.3x4.0x4.0x4.0x4.0x

For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Net income (loss)$3,986 $16,653 $23,847 $86,135 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense22,033 22,093 66,383 63,618 
Depreciation and amortization55,546 49,722 163,066 200,688 
Casualty losses (gains), net35 (191)866 (7,176)
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of
  real estate assets, net
11,268 — 10,284 (94,712)
Merger and integration costs— 275 — 3,477 
Loss (gain) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
1,178 1,477 3,159 2,602 
Other loss (income), net369 (765)348 (1,501)
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — 
Adjusted EBITDA$94,415 $89,264 $271,166 $253,131 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense$22,033 $22,093 $66,383 $63,618 
INTEREST COVERAGE:4.3x4.0x4.1x4.0x
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Schedule V
Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Definitions
Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Average effective rent per unit represents the average of gross rent amounts, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.
Average Occupancy
Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.
Development Property
A development property is a property that is either currently under development or is in lease-up prior to reaching overall occupancy of 90%.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as gains on sales (losses on impairment) of real estate, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses, merger and integration costs, income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities, and restructuring costs. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) and Core Funds From Operations (“CFFO”)
We believe that FFO and CFFO, each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT’s definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.
CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company’s operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, merger and integration costs, and restructuring costs from the determination of FFO.
Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current
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operating performance and our operating performance between periods. Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Interest Coverage
Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.
Net Debt
Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total consolidated debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total consolidated debt to net debt (dollars in thousands).
As of
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Total debt$2,715,710 $2,650,805 $2,628,632 $2,631,645 $2,713,625 
Less: cash and cash equivalents(17,216)(14,349)(12,448)(16,084)(23,753)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net(50,772)(53,520)(56,256)(59,937)(63,340)
Total net debt$2,647,722 $2,582,936 $2,559,928 $2,555,624 $2,626,532 
We present net debt and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.
Net Operating Income
We believe that Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding interest expense, depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs and gains, property management expenses, general and administrative expenses, net gains on sale of assets, merger and integration costs, and restructuring costs.
Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.
Non Same-Store Properties and Non Same-Store Portfolio
Properties that did not meet the definition of a same-store property as of the beginning of the previous year.
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Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio
We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned and not a development property at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held for sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio.
Total Gross Assets
Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).
As of
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Total assets$6,577,790 $6,517,400 $6,493,747 $6,532,095 $6,633,533 
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a)
570,966 523,446 475,001 426,097 386,606 
Plus: accumulated amortization76,691 76,558 76,558 76,710 77,141 
Total gross assets$7,225,447 $7,117,404 $7,045,306 $7,034,902 $7,097,280 
(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
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Exhibit 99.2



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NYSE: IRT
WWW.IRTLIVING.COM


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Debt Maturity, Debt Covenant & Unencumbered Asset Statistics
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Independence Realty Trust
September 30, 2023
Company Information: 
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Oklahoma City, OK, Nashville, TN, Houston, TX, and Tampa, FL. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
Corporate Headquarters1835 Market Street, Suite 2601
Philadelphia, PA 19103
267.270.4800
Trading SymbolNYSE: “IRT”
Investor Relations ContactEdelman Smithfield
Ted McHugh and Lauren Torres
917-365-7979
IRT@edelman.com 
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance and certain actions that we expect or seek to take in connection with our portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy and anticipated enhancements to our financial results and future growth from this strategy. All statements in this release that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, failure to realize cost savings, efficiencies and other benefits that we expect to result from our portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.

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Independence Realty Trust Announces Third Quarter 2023 Financial Results
Initiates Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy
Updates Full Year 2023 Guidance

PHILADELPHIA – (BUSINESS WIRE) – October 30, 2023 — Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (“IRT”) (NYSE: IRT), a multifamily apartment REIT, today announced its third quarter 2023 financial results, initiated its portfolio optimization strategy and updated its full year 2023 guidance.
Third Quarter Highlights
Net income available to common shares of $3.9 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $16.2 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Earnings per diluted share of $0.02 for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $0.07 for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Same-store portfolio net operating income (“NOI”) growth of 4.8% for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Core Funds from Operations (“CFFO”) of $69.0 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $64.3 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. CFFO per share was $0.30 for the third quarter of 2023, as compared to $0.28 for the third quarter of 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA of $94.4 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 compared to $89.3 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, an increase of 5.7%.
Value add program completed renovations at 709 units during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, achieving a weighted average return on investment during the quarter of 14.2%.
Included later in this press release are definitions of NOI, CFFO, Adjusted EBITDA and other Non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of such measures to their most comparable financial measures as calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Management Commentary
“For the third quarter of 2023, we delivered growth of 4.8% in same store NOI and 7.1% in Core FFO per share and we remain focused on delivering sustainable operational efficiencies. We are updating our full year 2023 guidance to reflect the impact of the slowing macroeconomic environment on leasing activity.” said Scott Schaeffer, Chairman and CEO of IRT. “We are also commencing a portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy that will accelerate non-core asset sales while deleveraging our balance sheet in the near-term. We expect these initiatives will increase our financial flexibility and will reduce leverage by almost a full turn upon completion of all asset sales. We are confident that these initiatives will strengthen our balance sheet and improve our presence in the multifamily sector in 2024.”
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Same-Store Portfolio(1) Operating Results
Third Quarter 2023
 Compared to
 Third Quarter 2022
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Rental and other property revenue5.4% increase6.3% increase
Property operating expenses6.3% increase6.2% increase
Net operating income (“NOI”)4.8% increase6.4% increase
Portfolio average occupancy40 bps increase to 94.6%120 bps decrease to 93.9%
Portfolio average rental rate4.4% increase to $1,5497.7% increase to $1,536
NOI Margin40 bps decrease to 62.4%No change — 62.6%
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
Operating Metrics
The table below summarizes operating metrics for the same-store portfolio for the applicable periods.
3Q 2023
4Q 2023(3)
Same-Store Portfolio(1)
   Average Occupancy94.6 %94.3 %
(4)
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases0.8 %(2.3)%
        Renewal Leases 4.8 %5.0 %
        Blended3.0 %2.3 %
   Resident retention rate52.3 %48.4 %
Same-Store Portfolio excluding Ongoing Value Add
   Average Occupancy95.0 %94.7 %
(4)
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases0.3 %(2.5)%
        Renewal Leases4.6 %4.8 %
        Blended2.7 %2.1 %
   Resident retention rate52.6 %47.7 %
Value Add (22 properties with Ongoing Value Add)
   Average Occupancy92.8 %92.8 %
(4)
   Lease Over Lease Effective Rental Rate Growth:(2)
        New Leases2.8 %(1.6)%
        Renewal Leases5.9 %6.3 %
        Blended4.5 %3.0 %
   Resident retention rate51.2 %51.3 %
(1)Same-store portfolio includes 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
(2)Lease-over-lease effective rent growth represents the change in effective monthly rent, as adjusted for concessions, for each unit that had a prior lease and current lease that are for a term of 9-13 months.
(3)4Q 2023 average occupancy and resident retention rates are through October 28, 2023. 4Q 2023 new lease and renewal rates are for leases commencing during 4Q 2023 that were signed as of October 28, 2023.
(4)As of October 28, 2023, same-store portfolio occupancy was 94.6%, same-store portfolio excluding ongoing value add occupancy was 95.0%, and value add occupancy was 93.1%.
Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy

We continuously evaluate opportunities for the potential disposition of properties in our portfolio by considering a variety of criteria including, but not limited to, local market conditions and lease rates, our scale within the
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markets, our view of market demographics and growth prospects and potential uses of sales proceeds. Subsequent to September 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved a plan, which we refer to as our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy, to exit or reduce our presence in certain markets while also deleveraging our balance sheet. Our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy targets sales of approximately 10 properties that are located in seven markets, including the one property in Chicago, Illinois that was held for sale as of September 30, 2023. Nine of the 10 properties were acquired in December 2021 as part of the STAR merger. We currently expect these asset sales to generate gross sales proceeds of approximately $521 to $533 million with proceeds used to immediately delever our balance sheet.
We estimate that these asset sales, if consummated within the foregoing price range, will enable us to reduce our outstanding debt by approximately $516 to $528 million (comprised of $284 million of property level debt associated with the ten properties and $232 to $244 million of additional debt), will reduce our net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio by 0.8x to 0.9x, and will be dilutive to Core FFO per share by $0.02-$0.03. In addition, consummation of the targeted sales would reduce our market exposures by five single asset markets and reduce the average age of the properties in our portfolio by approximately one year.
We expect to recognize an aggregate net loss after completion of all sales in the range of approximately $39 to $51 million comprised of an $11.3 million impairment charge recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2023 related to our property in Chicago, Illinois that is currently held for sale; an estimated $55 to $63 million impairment charge we expect to recognize during the fourth quarter of 2023 with respect to certain of the properties targeted for sale; and estimated gains of approximately $24 to $28 million we expect to realize in the periods of sale of certain of the properties targeted for sale.
We are in various stages of marketing, negotiations, and buyer due diligence with respect to the properties targeted for sale. There can be no assurance that any of the sales will be consummated at expected pricing levels, within expected time frames, or at all. The estimates of sale prices discussed above are based on our assessment of current conditions in the markets where the properties are located, comparable sales data, characteristics and operating performance of the properties among other factors and are subject to numerous assumptions.
Value Add Program
We completed renovations on 709 units during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, achieving a return on investment of 14.2% (and approximately 15.3% on the interior portion of such renovation costs), with an average cost per unit renovated of $17,750, and an average monthly rent increase per renovated unit of $210. For the nine months end September 30, 2023, we have completed renovations on 1,969 units, achieving a return on investment of 16.0% (and approximately 17.3% on the interior portion of such renovation costs), with an average cost per unit renovated of $16,947, and an average monthly rent increase per renovated unit of $224. See the Value Add Summary page of our supplemental for additional information on our projects life to date as of September 30, 2023.
Investment Activity
Capital Expenditures
For the three months ended September 30, 2023, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $5.3 million, or $153 per unit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, recurring capital expenditures for the total portfolio were $15.8 million, or $454 per unit.
Capital Markets
Dividend Distribution
On September 12, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.16 per share of common stock. The third quarter dividend was paid on October 20, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on September 29, 2023.
2023 EPS, FFO and CFFO Guidance
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We reduced our EPS, FFO, and CFFO per share guidance ranges and our same store NOI guidance range. Earnings (loss) per diluted share is now projected to be in the range of ($0.07) to ($0.02). A reconciliation of IRT's projected net (loss) income allocable to common shares to its projected CFFO per share is included below. See the schedules and definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding how IRT calculates CFFO and for management’s definition and rationale for the usefulness of CFFO.
Previous GuidanceCurrent GuidanceChange at Midpoint
2023 Full Year EPS and CFFO Guidance(1)(2)
LowHighLowHigh
Earnings (loss) per share$0.25 $0.27 $(0.07)$(0.02)$(0.305)
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization
0.95 0.95 0.94 0.94 (0.01)
(Gain on sale) loss on impairment of
  real estate assets(3)
(0.01)(0.01)0.32 0.28 0.31 
FFO per share1.19 1.21 1.19 1.20 (0.005)
Loan (premium accretion) discount
  amortization, net
(0.05)(0.05)(0.05)(0.05)— 
Core FFO per share$1.14 $1.16 $1.14 $1.15 $(0.005)
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions presented in the table below, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual full year 2023 EPS, FFO, and CFFO could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” . Our guidance is based on the key guidance assumptions detailed below.
(2)Per share guidance is based on 230.4 million weighted average shares and units outstanding.
(3)Gain on sale (loss on impairment) of real estate assets includes gains (impairments) on one asset sale that occurred during the first quarter of 2023, one property identified as held for sale as of September 30, 2023, and nine other assets targeted for sale as part of our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy.
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2023 Guidance Assumptions
Our key guidance assumptions for 2023 are enumerated below. See definitions at the end of this release for further information regarding our same-store definitions.
Same-Store Portfolio
Previous 2023 Outlook
Current 2023 Outlook(1)
Change at Midpoint
Number of properties/units115 properties / 34,179 units106 properties / 31,829 units
Property revenue growth6.1% to 6.6%5.5% to 5.7%(0.75)%
Controllable operating expense growth4.7% to 5.4%6.0% to 7.0%1.40%
Real estate tax and insurance expense growth7.5% to 8.1%4.2% to 4.8%(3.30)%
Total operating expense growth5.7% to 6.4%5.5% to 5.9%(0.35)%
Property NOI growth6.0% to 7.0%5.3% to 5.7%(1.00)%
Corporate Expenses
   General and administrative & Property
    management expenses
$50.5 million to $51.5 million$50.0 million to $51.0 million$(0.5) million
   Interest expense(2)
$102.5 million to $103.5 million$101.0 million to $102.0 million$(1.5) million
Transaction/Investment Volume(3)
Acquisition volumeNoneNone
Disposition volume$122 million to $127 million$122 million to $127 million
Capital Expenditures
Recurring$20.0 million to $22.0 million$20.0 million to $21.0 million$(0.5) million
Value add & non-recurring$78.0 million to $82.0 million$83.0 million to $85.0 million$4.0 million
Development$80.0 million to $90.0 million$75.0 million to $80.0 million$(7.5) million
(1)This guidance, including the underlying assumptions, constitutes forward-looking information. Actual results could vary significantly from the projections presented. See “Forward-Looking Statements” .
(2)Interest expense includes amortization of deferred financing costs but excludes loan premium accretion, net. As a result of purchase accounting, we recorded a $72.1 million loan premium, net, related to STAR debt. This loan premium will be accreted into and reduce GAAP interest expense over the remaining term of the associated debt. However, loan premium accretion will be excluded from CFFO.
(3)Includes one asset sale that occurred in the first quarter 2023 and one property identified as held for sale as of September 30, 2023. We expect sales of the other nine properties included in the Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy to close in 2024. Actual acquisitions and dispositions could vary significantly from our projections. We undertake no duty to update these assumptions except as required by law. See “Forward-Looking Statements”.

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Selected Financial Information
See the schedules at the end of this earnings release for selected financial information for IRT.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions
We disclose the following non-GAAP financial measures in this earnings release: FFO, CFFO, NOI and Adjusted EBITDA. Included at the end of this release are definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of our reported net income to our FFO and CFFO, a reconciliation of our same-store NOI to our reported net income, a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and management’s rationales for the usefulness of each of these and other non-GAAP financial measures used in this release.
Conference Call
All interested parties can listen to the live conference call webcast at 9:00 AM ET on Tuesday, October 31, 2023 from the investor relations section of the IRT website at www.irtliving.com or by dialing 1.888.440.3307, access code 1963990. For those who are not available to listen to the live call, the replay will be available shortly following the live call from the investor relations section of IRT’s website until the next earnings release. A playback of the conference call can also be accessed telephonically until Tuesday, November 7, 2023 by dialing 1.800.770.2030, access code 1963990.
Supplemental Information
We produce supplemental information that includes details regarding the performance of the portfolio, financial information, non-GAAP financial measures, same-store information and other useful information for investors. The supplemental information is available via our website, www.irtliving.com, through the "Investor Relations" section.
About Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Independence Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: IRT) is a real estate investment trust that owns and operates multifamily communities, across non-gateway U.S. markets including Atlanta, GA, Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, Columbus, OH, Indianapolis, IN, Raleigh-Durham, NC, Oklahoma City, OK, Nashville, TN, Houston, TX, and Tampa, FL. IRT’s investment strategy is focused on gaining scale near major employment centers within key amenity rich submarkets that offer good school districts and high-quality retail. IRT aims to provide stockholders attractive risk-adjusted returns through diligent portfolio management, strong operational performance, and a consistent return on capital through distributions and capital appreciation. More information may be found on the Company’s website www.irtliving.com.
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Forward-Looking Statements
This release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our earnings guidance and certain actions that we expect or seek to take in connection with our portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy and anticipated enhancements to our financial results and future growth from this strategy. All statements in this release that address financial and operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur or be achieved in the future are forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve estimates, projections, forecasts and assumptions, including as to matters that are not within our control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to changes in market demand for rental apartment homes and pricing pressures, including from competitors, that could lead to declines in occupancy and rent levels, uncertainty and volatility in capital and credit markets, including changes that reduce availability, and increase costs, of capital, unexpected changes in our intention or ability to repay certain debt prior to maturity, increased costs on account of inflation, increased competition in the labor market, failure to realize cost savings, efficiencies and other benefits that we expect to result from our portfolio optimization and deleveraging strategy, inability to sell certain assets, including those assets designated as held for sale, within the time frames or at the pricing levels expected, failure to achieve expected benefits from the redeployment of proceeds from asset sales, delays in completing, and cost overruns incurred in connection with, our value add initiatives and failure to achieve rent increases and occupancy levels on account of the value add initiatives, unexpected impairments or impairments in excess of our estimates, increased regulations generally and specifically on the rental housing market, including legislation that may regulate rents or delay or limit our ability to evict non-paying residents, risks endemic to real estate and the real estate industry generally, the impact of potential outbreaks of infectious diseases and measures intended to prevent the spread or address the effects thereof, the effects of natural and other disasters, unknown or unexpected liabilities, including the cost of legal proceedings, costs and disruptions as the result of a cybersecurity incident or other technology disruption, unexpected capital needs, inability to obtain appropriate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, or at all, or losses from catastrophes in excess of our insurance coverages, and share price fluctuations. Please refer to the documents filed by us with the SEC, including specifically the “Risk Factors” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and our other filings with the SEC, which identify additional factors that could cause actual results to differ from those contained in forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of our management at the time of this release and our actual results may differ materially from the expectations, intentions, beliefs, plans or predictions of the future expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as may be required by law.









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FINANCIAL & OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
For the Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Selected Financial Information:
Operating Statistics:
Net income available to common shares$3,930$10,709$8,648$33,631$16,223
Earnings per share -- diluted$0.02$0.05$0.04$0.15$0.07
Rental and other property revenue$168,375$163,601$161,135$162,493$160,300
Property operating expenses$63,300$62,071$59,255$57,450$59,967
NOI$105,075$101,530$101,880$105,043$100,333
NOI margin62.4%62.1%63.2%64.6%62.6%
Adjusted EBITDA$94,415$89,156$87,594$93,017$89,264
FFO per share$0.31$0.28$0.27$0.31$0.30
CORE FFO per share$0.30$0.28$0.27$0.29$0.28
Dividends per share$0.16$0.16$0.14$0.14$0.14
CORE FFO payout ratio53.3%57.1%51.9%48.3%50.0%
Portfolio Data:
Total gross assets $7,225,447$7,117,404$7,045,306$7,034,902$7,097,280
Total number of operating properties (a)120119119120122
Total units (a)35,42735,24935,24935,52636,176
Portfolio period end occupancy (a)94.4%94.6%94.1%93.6%94.6%
Portfolio average occupancy (a)94.6%94.1%93.1%93.9%94.2%
Portfolio average effective monthly rent, per unit (a)$1,556$1,538$1,535$1,522$1,484
Same-store portfolio period end occupancy (b)94.5%94.6%94.1%93.6%94.6%
Same-store portfolio average occupancy (b)94.6%94.2%93.1%93.9%94.2%
Same-store portfolio average effective
  monthly rent, per unit (b)
$1,549$1,531$1,528$1,517$1,484
Capitalization:
Total debt (c)$2,715,710$2,650,805$2,628,632$2,631,645$2,713,625
Common share price, period end$14.07$18.22$16.03$16.86$16.73
Market equity capitalization$3,245,135$4,202,342$3,694,970$3,880,432$3,850,365
Total market capitalization$5,960,845$6,853,147$6,323,602$6,512,077$6,563,990
Total debt/total gross assets37.6%37.2%37.3%37.4%38.2%
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (d)7.0x7.2x7.3x6.9x7.2x
Interest coverage4.3x4.0x4.0x4.0x4.0x
Common shares and OP Units:
Shares outstanding224,695,566224,697,889224,556,870224,064,940224,056,179
OP units outstanding5,946,5715,946,5715,946,5716,091,1716,091,171
Common shares and OP units outstanding230,642,137230,644,460230,503,441230,156,111230,147,350
Weighted average common shares and OP units230,444,945230,369,086230,186,297229,994,927228,051,780
(a)Excludes our development projects (Destination at Arista and Flatirons Apartments). See definitions at the end of this release.
(b)Same-store portfolio consists of 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
(c)Includes indebtedness associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
(d)Reflects net debt to Adjusted EBITDA for each period presented, including adjustments for the timing of acquisitions and dispositions impacting quarterly EBITDA. For the five quarters ended September 30, 2023, net debt to Adjusted EBITDA excluding adjustments for these items was 7.0x, 7.2x, 7.3x, 6.9x, and 7.4x, respectively.
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BALANCE SHEETS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
As of
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Assets:
Real estate held for investment, at cost$6,754,022 $6,610,233 $6,648,907 $6,615,243 $6,634,087 
Less: accumulated depreciation(567,200)(519,680)(475,001)(425,034)(379,171)
Real estate held for investment, net6,186,822 6,090,553 6,173,906 6,190,209 6,254,916 
Real estate held for sale75,392 86,576 — 35,777 82,178 
Real estate under development83,547 121,733 124,983 105,518 86,763 
Cash and cash equivalents17,216 14,349 12,448 16,084 23,753 
Restricted cash31,772 28,163 22,385 27,933 35,829 
Investment in unconsolidated real estate entities87,592 99,968 92,882 80,220 70,608 
Other assets41,926 31,799 34,360 34,846 34,480 
Derivative assets53,258 44,259 32,783 41,109 43,967 
Intangible assets, net265 — — 399 1,039 
Total assets$6,577,790 $6,517,400 $6,493,747 $6,532,095 $6,633,533 
Liabilities and Equity:
Indebtedness, net$2,675,117 $2,609,903 $2,628,632 $2,631,645 $2,667,183 
Indebtedness associated with real estate held
  for sale, net
40,593 40,902 — — 46,442 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses138,549 115,664 105,873 109,677 126,310 
Accrued interest payable8,275 7,986 7,979 7,713 11,019 
Dividends payable36,858 36,856 32,232 32,189 32,188 
Derivative liabilities— — 2,283 — — 
Other liabilities10,642 11,172 11,813 13,004 13,816 
Total liabilities2,910,034 2,822,483 2,788,812 2,794,228 2,896,958 
Equity:
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value per share— — — — — 
Common shares, $0.01 par value per share2,247 2,247 2,246 2,241 2,241 
Additional paid in capital3,751,001 3,754,839 3,753,074 3,751,056 3,749,550 
Accumulated other comprehensive income47,910 38,823 25,101 35,102 37,569 
Accumulated deficit(271,982)(239,972)(214,775)(191,735)(194,014)
Total shareholders' equity3,529,176 3,555,937 3,565,646 3,596,664 3,595,346 
Noncontrolling Interests138,580 138,980 139,289 141,203 141,229 
Total equity3,667,756 3,694,917 3,704,935 3,737,867 3,736,575 
Total liabilities and equity$6,577,790 $6,517,400 $6,493,747 $6,532,095 $6,633,533 

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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS, FFO & CORE FFO
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
For the Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue$168,375 $163,601 $161,135 $162,493 $160,300 
Other revenue232354239306300
Total revenue168,607163,955161,374162,799160,600
Expenses:
Property operating expenses63,30062,07159,25557,45059,967
Property management expenses7,2326,8186,3716,5935,744
General and administrative expenses (a)3,6605,9108,1545,7395,625
Depreciation and amortization expense55,54653,98453,53652,16149,722
Casualty losses (gains), net35680151(1,690)(191)
Total expenses129,773129,463127,467120,253120,867
Interest expense(22,033)(22,227)(22,124)(23,337)(22,093)
(Loss on impairment) gain on sale of real estate
  assets, net
(11,268)98517,044
Other (loss) income, net(369)(72)9357765
(Loss) gain from investments in unconsolidated
  real estate entities
(1,178)(1,205)(776)242(1,477)
Merger and integration costs(2,028)(275)
Restructuring costs— — (3,213)— — 
Net income$3,986 $10,988 $8,872 $34,524 $16,653 
Income allocated to noncontrolling interests(56)(279)(224)(893)(430)
Net income available to common shares$3,930 $10,709 $8,648 $33,631 $16,223 
EPS - basic$0.02 $0.05 $0.04 $0.15 $0.07 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic224,498,374224,422,515224,226,873223,903,756221,960,609
EPS - diluted$0.02 $0.05 $0.04 $0.15 $0.07 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted225,140,555225,073,890225,088,659224,915,128222,867,546
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net income$3,986 $10,988 $8,872 $34,524 $16,653 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization55,21753,70153,28751,95749,347
Our share of real estate depreciation and
  amortization from investments in unconsolidated
   real estate entities
4865754184161,388
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate
  assets, net, excluding prepayment gains
11,268(314)(16,635)
FFO$70,957 $65,264 $62,263 $70,262 $67,388 
FFO per share$0.31 $0.28 $0.27 $0.31 $0.30 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO$70,957 $65,264 $62,263 $70,262 $67,388 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization329283249204375
Casualty losses (gains), net35680151(1,690)(191)
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization,
 net
(2,747)(2,737)(2,755)(2,760)(2,750)
Prepayment (gains) penalties on asset dispositions(670)(409)
Other expense (income), net42919242(860)(765)
Merger and integration costs2,028275
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — — 
CFFO$69,003 $63,682 $62,493 $66,775 $64,332 
CFFO per share$0.30 $0.28 $0.27 $0.29 $0.28 
Weighted-average shares and units outstanding230,444,945230,369,086230,186,297229,994,927228,051,780
(a)Included in the three months ended March 31, 2023 is $2.7 million of stock compensation expense recorded with respect to stock awards granted during the respective period to retirement eligible employees.
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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS, FFO & CORE FFO
THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023 AND 2022
Dollars in thousands, except per share data
For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2023202220232022
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue$168,375 $160,300 $493,111 $464,921 
Other revenue232300826 805 
Total revenue168,607160,600493,937 465,726 
Expenses:
Property operating expenses63,30059,967184,627 174,825 
Property management expenses7,2325,74420,421 17,440 
General and administrative expenses3,6605,62517,724 20,521 
Depreciation and amortization expense55,54649,722163,066 200,688 
Casualty losses (gains), net35(191)866 (7,176)
Total expenses129,773120,867386,704 406,298 
Interest expense(22,033)(22,093)(66,383)(63,618)
(Loss on impairment) gain on sale of real estate
  assets, net
(11,268)(10,284)94,712 
Other (loss) income, net(369)765(348)1,501 
Loss from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities(1,178)(1,477)(3,158)(2,411)
Merger and integration costs(275)— (3,477)
Restructuring costs— — (3,213)— 
Net income3,986 16,653 23,847 86,135 
Income allocated to noncontrolling interests(56)(430)(559)(2,517)
Net income available to common shares$3,930 $16,223 $23,288 $83,618 
EPS - basic$0.02 $0.07 $0.10 $0.38 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic224,498,374221,960,609224,383,590221,312,261
EPS - diluted$0.02 $0.07 $0.10 $0.38 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted225,140,555222,867,546225,103,475222,359,585
Funds From Operations (FFO):
Net income$3,986 $16,653 $23,847 $86,135 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Real estate depreciation and amortization55,21749,347162,205 199,588 
Our share of real estate depreciation and amortization from
  investments in unconsolidated real estate entities
4861,3881,479 1,904 
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of real estate assets,
  net, excluding prepayment gains
11,26810,954 (94,712)
FFO$70,957 $67,388 $198,485 $192,915 
FFO per share$0.31 $0.30 $0.86 $0.85 
CORE Funds From Operations (CFFO):
FFO$70,957 $67,388 $198,485 $192,915 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Other depreciation and amortization329375860 1,100 
Casualty losses (gains), net35(191)866 (7,176)
Loan (premium accretion) discount amortization, net(2,747)(2,750)(8,239)(8,245)
Prepayment (gains) penalties on asset dispositions(670)— 
Other expense (income), net429(765)663 (1,438)
Merger and integration costs275— 3,477 
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — 
CFFO$69,003 $64,332 $195,178 $180,633 
CFFO per share$0.30 $0.28 $0.85 $0.79 
Weighted-average shares and units outstanding230,444,945228,051,780230,334,398227,933,320
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ADJUSTED EBITDA RECONCILIATION AND COVERAGE RATIO
Dollars in thousands

 Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Net income (loss)$3,986 $10,988 $8,872 $34,524 $16,653 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense22,033 22,227 22,124 23,337 22,093 
Depreciation and amortization55,546 53,984 53,536 52,161 49,722 
Casualty losses (gains), net35 680 151 (1,690)(191)
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of
  real estate assets, net
11,268 — (985)(17,044)— 
Merger and integration costs— — — 2,028 275 
Loss (gain) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
1,178 1,205 776 (242)1,477 
Other loss (income), net369 72 (93)(57)(765)
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — — 
Adjusted EBITDA$94,415 $89,156 $87,594 $93,017 $89,264 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense$22,033 $22,227 $22,124 $23,337 $22,093 
INTEREST COVERAGE:4.3x4.0x4.0x4.0x4.0x

For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Net income (loss)$3,986 $16,653 $23,847 $86,135 
Add-Back (Deduct):
Interest expense22,033 22,093 66,383 63,618 
Depreciation and amortization55,546 49,722 163,066 200,688 
Casualty losses (gains), net35 (191)866 (7,176)
Loss on impairment (gain on sale) of
  real estate assets, net
11,268 — 10,284 (94,712)
Merger and integration costs— 275 — 3,477 
Loss (gain) from investments in
  unconsolidated real estate entities
1,178 1,477 3,159 2,602 
Other loss (income), net369 (765)348 (1,501)
Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — 
Adjusted EBITDA$94,415 $89,264 $271,166 $253,131 
INTEREST COST:
Interest expense$22,033 $22,093 $66,383 $63,618 
INTEREST COVERAGE:4.3x4.0x4.1x4.0x
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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME & NOI BRIDGE (a) (b)
TRAILING FIVE QUARTERS
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data

For the Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Rental and other property revenue
Same-store portfolio$161,811 $158,124 $154,816 $154,919 $153,584 
Non same-store portfolio6,564 5,477 6,319 7,574 6,716 
Total rental and other property revenue168,375 163,601 161,135 162,493 160,300 
Property operating expenses
Same-store portfolio60,799 59,994 56,740 54,742 57,188 
Non same-store portfolio2,501 2,077 2,515 2,708 2,779 
Total property operating expenses63,300 62,071 59,255 57,450 59,967 
NOI
Same-store portfolio101,012 98,130 98,076 100,177 96,396 
Non same-store portfolio4,063 3,400 3,804 4,866 3,937 
Total property NOI$105,075 $101,530 $101,880 $105,043 $100,333 
(a)Same-store portfolio consists of 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.
(b)See definitions at the end of this release for a reconciliation from GAAP net income (loss) to NOI.

For the Three-Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Revenue:
Rental and other property revenue$161,811 $158,124 $154,816 $154,919 $153,584 
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes19,381 19,584 19,360 19,312 18,727 
Property insurance4,344 3,857 3,150 3,316 3,536 
Personnel expenses12,828 12,609 11,876 12,088 12,103 
Utilities8,165 7,523 7,888 7,812 8,021 
Repairs and maintenance6,389 6,536 5,801 3,887 6,013 
Contract services5,936 6,303 5,391 5,057 5,391 
Advertising expenses2,042 1,688 1,357 1,198 1,487 
Other expenses1,714 1,894 1,917 2,072 1,910 
Total property operating expenses60,799 59,994 56,740 54,742 57,188 
Same-store portfolio NOI$101,012 $98,130 $98,076 $100,177 $96,396 
Same-store portfolio NOI margin62.4 %62.1 %63.4 %64.7 %62.8 %
Average occupancy94.6 %94.2 %93.1 %93.9 %94.2 %
Average effective monthly rent, per unit$1,549 $1,531 $1,528 $1,517 $1,484 


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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME (a)
THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023 AND 2022
Dollars in thousands, except per unit data
For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022% change20232022% change
Revenue:   
Rental and other property revenue$161,811 $153,584 5.4 %$474,751 $446,460 6.3 %
Property Operating Expenses:
Real estate taxes19,381 18,727 3.5 %58,325 57,630 1.2 %
Property insurance4,344 3,536 22.9 %11,351 9,343 21.5 %
Personnel expenses12,828 12,103 6.0 %37,313 36,752 1.5 %
Utilities8,165 8,021 1.8 %23,576 22,419 5.2 %
Repairs and maintenance6,389 6,013 6.3 %18,726 16,315 14.8 %
Contract services5,936 5,391 10.1 %17,630 15,362 14.8 %
Advertising expenses2,042 1,487 37.3 %5,087 3,947 28.9 %
Other expenses1,714 1,910 (10.3)%5,525 5,355 3.2 %
Total property operating expenses60,799 57,188 6.3 %177,533 167,123 6.2 %
Same-store portfolio NOI$101,012 $96,396 4.8 %$297,218 $279,337 6.4 %
Same-store portfolio NOI margin62.4 %62.8 %(0.4)%62.6 %62.6 %— %
Average occupancy94.6 %94.2 %0.4 %93.9 %95.1 %(1.2)%
Average effective monthly rent,
  per unit
$1,549 $1,484 4.4 %$1,536 $1,426 7.7 %
(a)Same-store portfolio consists of 115 properties, which represent 34,197 units.























18

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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME BY MARKET
THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
Rental and Other Property RevenueProperty Operating ExpensesNet Operating IncomeAverage OccupancyAverage Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
MarketNumber of PropertiesUnits20232022% Change20232022% Change20232022% Change20232022% Change20232022% Change
Atlanta, GA135,180$24,914 $23,681 5.2 %$9,278 $9,124 1.7 %$15,635 $14,554 7.4 %92.3 %93.5 %(1.2)%$1,643 $1,579 4.1 %
Dallas, TX144,00721,994 20,906 5.2 %8,579 8,577 — %13,415 12,329 8.8 %94.7 %94.8 %(0.1)%1,807 1,722 4.9 %
Denver, CO (a)
92,29212,175 11,677 4.3 %4,263 3,737 14.1 %7,912 7,940 (0.4)%95.7 %94.9 %0.8 %1,716 1,655 3.7 %
Columbus, OH102,51010,773 10,056 7.1 %4,421 3,759 17.6 %6,352 6,297 0.9 %94.8 %93.8 %1.0 %1,406 1,324 6.2 %
Raleigh - Durham, NC61,6907,977 7,461 6.9 %2,811 2,433 15.5 %5,166 5,028 2.7 %95.1 %94.1 %1.0 %1,551 1,462 6.1 %
Oklahoma City, OK82,1477,962 7,613 4.6 %2,836 2,658 6.7 %5,125 4,955 3.4 %95.0 %94.6 %0.4 %1,177 1,131 4.1 %
Houston, TX (a)
71,9328,719 8,098 7.7 %3,888 3,721 4.5 %4,830 4,378 10.3 %95.7 %93.9 %1.8 %1,444 1,410 2.4 %
Indianapolis, IN71,9798,370 7,791 7.4 %3,551 3,024 17.4 %4,819 4,767 1.1 %94.0 %94.6 %(0.6)%1,366 1,281 6.6 %
Nashville, TN41,4127,079 6,742 5.0 %2,345 2,234 5.0 %4,734 4,507 5.0 %95.0 %94.9 %0.1 %1,633 1,565 4.3 %
Memphis, TN41,3836,327 6,193 2.2 %2,196 2,115 3.8 %4,130 4,077 1.3 %93.6 %92.0 %1.6 %1,521 1,520 0.1 %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL41,1046,247 5,703 9.5 %2,218 2,070 7.1 %4,029 3,633 10.9 %95.3 %94.1 %1.2 %1,827 1,719 6.3 %
Birmingham, AL21,0744,707 4,619 1.9 %1,910 1,720 11.0 %2,798 2,899 (3.5)%93.4 %93.1 %0.3 %1,469 1,441 1.9 %
Louisville, KY41,1504,626 4,419 4.7 %1,844 1,884 (2.1)%2,782 2,536 9.7 %94.8 %93.2 %1.6 %1,275 1,225 4.1 %
Huntsville, AL38734,151 4,106 1.1 %1,469 1,331 10.4 %2,682 2,775 (3.4)%96.2 %95.0 %1.2 %1,522 1,494 1.9 %
Lexington, KY38863,833 3,555 7.8 %1,194 1,192 0.2 %2,639 2,363 11.7 %97.6 %96.4 %1.2 %1,310 1,242 5.5 %
Charlotte, NC24802,645 2,524 4.8 %726 737 (1.5)%1,920 1,787 7.4 %95.7 %95.8 %(0.1)%1,779 1,689 5.3 %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC36282,733 2,632 3.8 %890 756 17.7 %1,843 1,876 (1.8)%94.8 %93.9 %0.9 %1,420 1,380 2.9 %
Cincinnati, OH25422,828 2,593 9.1 %1,085 886 22.5 %1,742 1,708 2.0 %95.9 %96.1 %(0.2)%1,589 1,495 6.3 %
Greenville, SC17022,607 2,528 3.1 %941 928 1.4 %1,667 1,601 4.1 %94.3 %94.6 %(0.3)%1,279 1,213 5.4 %
Charleston, SC25182,656 2,513 5.7 %1,082 1,142 (5.3)%1,574 1,370 14.9 %95.2 %93.9 %1.3 %1,678 1,572 6.7 %
Orlando, FL12971,636 1,468 11.4 %659 610 8.0 %977 859 13.7 %93.2 %91.4 %1.8 %1,816 1,713 6.0 %
Asheville, NC (a)
12521,170 1,097 6.7 %334 323 3.4 %837 773 8.3 %96.4 %95.9 %0.5 %1,553 1,423 9.1 %
San Antonio, TX13061,465 1,460 0.3 %654 556 17.6 %811 904 (10.3)%96.6 %97.1 %(0.5)%1,480 1,495 (1.0)%
Austin, TX12561,373 1,311 4.7 %585 667 (12.3)%788 644 22.4 %92.3 %93.6 %(1.3)%1,804 1,690 6.7 %
Norfolk, VA (a)
11831,040 1,018 2.2 %374 342 9.4 %666 676 (1.5)%96.8 %96.2 %0.6 %1,913 1,840 4.0 %
Fort Wayne, IN (a)
1222986 967 2.0 %329 322 2.2 %658 646 1.9 %94.9 %95.8 %(0.9)%1,428 1,392 2.6 %
Chattanooga, TN (a)
1192818 853 (4.1)%337 340 (0.9)%481 514 (6.4)%93.9 %96.0 %(2.1)%1,412 1,412 — %
Total / Weighted
   Average
11534,197$161,811 $153,584 5.4 %$60,799 $57,188 6.3 %$101,012 $96,396 4.8 %94.6 %94.2 %0.4 %$1,549 $1,484 4.4 %
(a)Includes properties included in our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy. In the case of Denver, CO includes three properties comprised of 895 units, in aggregate, and in the case of Houston, TX includes two properties comprised of 624 units, in the aggregate.
19

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SAME-STORE PORTFOLIO NET OPERATING INCOME BY MARKET
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
Rental and Other Property RevenueProperty Operating ExpensesNet Operating IncomeAverage OccupancyAverage Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
MarketNumber of PropertiesUnits20232022% Change20232022% Change20232022% Change20232022% Change20232022% Change
Atlanta, GA135,180$72,470 $69,152 4.8 %$27,006 $25,501 5.9 %$45,463 $43,649 4.2 %92.1 %94.3 %(2.2)%$1,633 $1,513 7.9 %
Dallas, TX144,00764,949 60,960 6.5 %25,899 26,224 (1.2)%39,050 34,736 12.4 %94.2 %95.5 %(1.3)%1,794 1,660 8.1 %
Denver, CO (a)
92,29236,071 33,729 6.9 %11,739 10,566 11.1 %24,332 23,163 5.0 %94.7 %95.4 %(0.7)%1,706 1,601 6.6 %
Columbus, OH102,51031,581 29,368 7.5 %12,110 11,275 7.4 %19,471 18,093 7.6 %94.8 %95.0 %(0.2)%1,380 1,273 8.4 %
Raleigh - Durham, NC61,69023,583 21,412 10.1 %7,971 7,271 9.6 %15,613 14,141 10.4 %94.3 %95.1 %(0.8)%1,538 1,383 11.2 %
Oklahoma City, OK82,14723,223 22,067 5.2 %8,056 7,623 5.7 %15,167 14,444 5.0 %93.5 %95.5 %(2.0)%1,169 1,087 7.5 %
Indianapolis, IN71,97924,588 22,651 8.6 %9,643 8,849 9.0 %14,945 13,802 8.3 %93.8 %95.1 %(1.3)%1,349 1,237 9.1 %
Houston, TX (a)
71,93225,724 24,054 6.9 %11,988 11,424 4.9 %13,735 12,630 8.7 %95.2 %94.5 %0.7 %1,434 1,374 4.4 %
Nashville, TN41,41220,460 19,705 3.8 %7,075 6,742 4.9 %13,385 12,963 3.3 %93.1 %95.6 %(2.5)%1,611 1,505 7.0 %
Memphis, TN41,38318,575 17,646 5.3 %6,240 6,019 3.7 %12,335 11,627 6.1 %93.8 %93.5 %0.3 %1,508 1,442 4.6 %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL41,10418,216 16,192 12.5 %6,833 6,119 11.7 %11,383 10,074 13.0 %95.0 %94.4 %0.6 %1,803 1,621 11.2 %
Birmingham, AL21,07413,836 13,911 (0.5)%5,666 5,268 7.6 %8,171 8,642 (5.5)%91.1 %94.3 %(3.2)%1,469 1,410 4.2 %
Huntsville, AL387312,250 11,941 2.6 %4,282 3,853 11.1 %7,968 8,088 (1.5)%95.3 %95.4 %(0.1)%1,538 1,462 5.2 %
Louisville, KY41,15013,544 13,025 4.0 %5,722 5,479 4.4 %7,822 7,546 3.7 %93.5 %94.3 %(0.8)%1,277 1,185 7.8 %
Lexington, KY388611,179 10,381 7.7 %3,441 3,443 (0.1)%7,739 6,938 11.5 %96.8 %96.3 %0.5 %1,285 1,201 7.0 %
Charlotte, NC24807,921 7,179 10.3 %2,354 2,251 4.6 %5,567 4,928 13.0 %95.8 %96.0 %(0.2)%1,766 1,597 10.6 %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC36288,024 7,344 9.3 %2,508 2,259 11.0 %5,516 5,085 8.5 %95.0 %95.6 %(0.6)%1,410 1,270 11.0 %
Cincinnati, OH25428,057 7,568 6.5 %3,042 2,444 24.5 %5,015 5,124 (2.1)%94.3 %96.6 %(2.3)%1,563 1,450 7.8 %
Greenville, SC17027,772 7,276 6.8 %2,898 2,693 7.6 %4,874 4,583 6.3 %94.0 %94.9 %(0.9)%1,259 1,168 7.8 %
Charleston, SC25187,779 7,181 8.3 %3,244 2,815 15.2 %4,535 4,366 3.9 %94.6 %95.7 %(1.1)%1,638 1,486 10.2 %
Orlando, FL12974,705 4,254 10.6 %1,998 1,760 13.5 %2,707 2,494 8.5 %93.1 %94.5 %(1.4)%1,801 1,617 11.4 %
Asheville, NC (a)
12523,460 3,083 12.2 %960 883 8.7 %2,500 2,200 13.6 %96.5 %96.7 %(0.2)%1,518 1,338 13.5 %
San Antonio, TX13064,352 4,334 0.4 %2,001 1,815 10.2 %2,350 2,519 (6.7)%96.1 %96.5 %(0.4)%1,484 1,472 0.8 %
Austin, TX12564,041 3,849 5.0 %1,811 1,740 4.1 %2,230 2,109 5.7 %91.3 %95.6 %(4.3)%1,786 1,620 10.2 %
Fort Wayne, IN (a)
12222,964 2,823 5.0 %955 928 2.9 %2,009 1,896 6.0 %94.1 %95.4 %(1.3)%1,430 1,351 5.8 %
Norfolk, VA (a)
11833,049 2,893 5.4 %1,085 918 18.2 %1,964 1,976 (0.6)%95.7 %95.4 %0.3 %1,896 1,782 6.4 %
Chattanooga, TN (a)
11922,378 2,482 (4.2)%1,006 961 4.7 %1,372 1,521 (9.8)%92.8 %96.6 %(3.8)%1,390 1,367 1.7 %
Total/Weighted Average11534,197$474,751 $446,460 6.3 %$177,533 $167,123 6.2 %$297,218 $279,337 6.4 %93.9 %95.1 %(1.2)%$1,536 $1,426 7.7 %
(a)Includes properties included in our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy. In the case of Denver, CO includes three properties comprised of 895 units, in aggregate, and in the case of Houston, TX includes two properties comprised of 624 units, in the aggregate.
20

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PROPERTY PORTFOLIO (a)
NET OPERATING INCOME EXPOSURE BY MARKET
Dollars in thousands, except rent per unit
For the Three Months Ended
 September 30, 2023
MarketNumber of PropertiesUnitsGross Real 
Estate 
Assets
Period End
 Occupancy
Average 
Effective
 Monthly Rent 
per Unit
NOI% of NOI
Atlanta, GA135,180$1,086,056 92.3 %$1,643 $15,635 14.9 %
Dallas, TX144,007863,869 94.3 %1,807 13,415 12.8 %
Denver, CO (b) (c)
92,292610,637 95.4 %1,716 7,912 7.3 %
Columbus, OH102,510373,832 94.4 %1,406 6,352 6.1 %
Raleigh - Durham, NC61,690255,277 95.4 %1,551 5,166 4.9 %
Oklahoma City, OK82,147327,074 95.3 %1,177 5,125 4.9 %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL51,452307,400 95.4 %1,825 5,124 4.9 %
Nashville, TN51,508370,731 94.3 %1,624 5,044 4.8 %
Houston, TX (c)
71,932324,821 95.3 %1,444 4,830 4.6 %
Indianapolis, IN71,979293,011 93.7 %1,366 4,819 4.6 %
Memphis, TN41,383162,123 92.8 %1,521 4,130 3.9 %
Huntsville, AL (d)
41,051241,013 94.5 %1,529 3,057 2.9 %
Birmingham, AL21,074233,604 93.7 %1,469 2,798 2.7 %
Charlotte, NC3714189,550 95.8 %1,767 2,789 2.7 %
Louisville, KY41,150147,848 95.6 %1,275 2,782 2.7 %
Lexington, KY3886160,777 96.7 %1,310 2,639 2.5 %
Myrtle Beach, SC - Wilmington, NC362868,543 95.8 %1,420 1,843 1.8 %
Cincinnati, OH2542123,081 95.6 %1,589 1,742 1.7 %
Greenville, SC1702124,027 93.9 %1,279 1,667 1.6 %
Charleston, SC251881,529 94.4 %1,678 1,574 1.5 %
Chicago, IL (e)
137479,158 93.6 %1,847 1,282 1.2 %
Orlando, FL129750,306 96.3 %1,816 977 0.9 %
Asheville, NC (c)
125229,349 96.4 %1,553 837 0.8 %
San Antonio, TX130657,269 97.7 %1,480 811 0.8 %
Austin, TX125658,568 92.9 %1,804 788 0.8 %
Norfolk, VA (c)
118354,297 97.3 %1,913 666 0.6 %
Fort Wayne, IN (c)
122244,506 95.5 %1,428 658 0.6 %
Chattanooga, TN (c)
119237,336 91.1 %1,412 481 0.5 %
Total / Weighted Average12035,427$6,755,592 94.4 %$1,556 $104,943 100.0 %
(a)Excludes our development projects (Destination at Arista and Flatirons Apartments). See definitions at the end of this release.
(b)Includes properties in our Fort Collins, CO and Colorado Springs, CO markets.
(c)Includes properties included in our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy. In the case of Denver, CO includes three properties comprised of 895 units, in aggregate, and in the case of Houston, TX includes two properties comprised of 624 units, in the aggregate.
(d)Includes the Virtuoso joint venture property consolidated beginning August 1, 2023 as a result of an amendment to the joint venture agreement.
(e)Property held for sale as of September 30, 2023.

21

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VALUE ADD SUMMARY BY MARKET
PROJECT LIFE TO DATE AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2023

Renovation Costs per Unit (b)
MarketTotal PropertiesTotal
Units To Be Renovated
Units CompleteUnits
Leased
 Rent Premium (a) % Rent Increase Interior  Exterior  Total ROI - Interior Costs(c)ROI - Total Costs (d)
Ongoing
Memphis, TN1362 265 271 $373 34.1 %$15,281 $807 $16,088 29.3 %27.8 %
Indianapolis, IN1236 167 168 254 23.4 %15,451 805 16,256 19.7 %18.7 %
Raleigh-Durham, NC1318 213 214 192 15.2 %15,648 1,046 16,694 14.7 %13.8 %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL2612 315 325 362 24.7 %15,922 943 16,865 27.2 %25.7 %
Atlanta, GA (e)
52,180 1,220 1,238 238 19.2 %14,839 1,235 16,074 19.3 %17.8 %
Austin, TX1256 139 135 219 14.7 %17,466 1,104 18,570 15.0 %14.1 %
Oklahoma City, OK3793 386 386 137 15.9 %17,180 1,025 18,205 9.6 %9.0 %
Columbus, OH3786 300 295 270 21.8 %14,045 880 14,925 23.1 %21.7 %
Dallas, TX41,199 400 394 279 19.4 %18,905 1,879 20,784 17.7 %16.1 %
Nashville, TN1724 213 203 151 10.7 %16,199 1,664 17,863 11.2 %10.1 %
   Total / Weighted Average227,466 3,618 3,629 $248 20.0 %$15,856$1,250 $17,106 20.0 %18.7 %
Future (f)
Atlanta, GA180 — — — — — — — — — 
Oklahoma City, OK294 — — — — — — — — — 
   Total / Weighted Average474 — — — — — — — — — 
Completed (g)
Wilmington, NC288 288 287 $72 7.2 %$8,076 $56 $8,132 10.8 %10.7 %
Raleigh-Durham, NC328 325 323 184 18.0 %14,648 2,108 16,756 15.1 %13.2 %
Louisville, KY728 717 771 212 23.8 %15,445 2,173 17,618 16.5 %14.5 %
Memphis, TN691 638 639 189 18.7 %11,659 974 12,633 19.5 %18.0 %
Atlanta, GA494 455 454 176 17.5 %9,122 1,773 10,895 23.1 %19.3 %
Columbus, OH763 690 685 204 22.5 %10,142 666 10,808 24.1 %22.7 %
Tampa-St. Petersburg, FL624 554 553 226 19.2 %13,220 1,482 14,702 20.5 %18.4 %
   Total / Weighted Average12 3,916 3,667 3,712 $191 19.5 %$12,018 $1,346 $13,364 19.2 %17.2 %
Grand Total/Weighted Average36 11,856 7,285 7,341 $213 19.7 %$13,927 $1,262 $15,189 19.5 %17.9 %
(a) The rent premium reflects the per unit per month difference between the rental rate on the renovated unit and the market rent for an unrenovated unit as of the date presented, as determined by management consistent with its customary rent-setting and evaluation procedures.
(b)Includes all costs to renovate the interior units and make certain exterior renovations, including clubhouses and amenities. Interior costs per unit are based on units leased. Exterior costs per unit are based on total units at the community. Excludes overhead costs to support and manage the value add program as those costs relate to the entire program and cannot be allocated to individual projects.
(c)Calculated using the rent premium per unit per month, multiplied by 12, divided by the interior renovation costs per unit.
(d)Calculated using the rent premium per unit per month, multiplied by 12, divided by the total renovation costs per unit.
(e)During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we paused renovations at one property comprised of 496 units in Atlanta, Georgia given current market conditions.
(f)Renovation projects expected to commence during the first half of 2024.
(g)We consider value add projects completed when over 85% of the property’s units to be renovated have been completed. We continue to renovate remaining unrenovated units as leases expire until we complete 100% of the property’s units.
(h)Includes Meadows, Haverford, Crestmont and Creekside that were formerly a part of the value add program but were sold in October 2022 (with respect to Meadows), February 2022 (with respect to Haverford) and December 2021 (with respect to Crestmont and Creekside).
22

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INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY
Dollars in thousands except per unit amounts
2023 DISPOSITIONS
PropertyLocationUnitsDisposition DateSale PricePrice per UnitAverage Rent Per Unit at DispositionGain on Sale of Real Estate, Net
Eagle Lake LandingIndianapolis, IN277February 28, 2023$37,300 $135 $1,184 $985 
ASSETS HELD FOR SALE AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
PropertyLocationUnits
The Meadows at River RunChicago, Illinois374

REAL ESTATE UNDER DEVELOPMENT
Development
Destination at Arista (a)
Flatirons Apartments
LocationDenver, ColoradoDenver, Colorado
Planned Units325296
Start Date3Q 20214Q 2022
Projected Initial Occupancy2Q 20234Q 2024
Projected Completion Date4Q 20234Q 2024
Projected Stabilization date1Q 20251Q 2026
Total Estimated Development Costs$102,800$119,800
Total Development Costs through September 30, 2023$107,143$53,924
% of Development Costs Left to Fund2%56%
Real Estate Under Development at September 30, 2023$29,623$53,924
% of Planned Units Delivered as of October 27, 202373.5%N/A
Leased % as of October 27, 2023 (b)
38.9%N/A
Occupancy % as of October 27, 2023 (b)
38.1%N/A
(a)During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we obtained certificates of occupancy for three of the four residential buildings containing 239 units and certain common area buildings resulting in $77,520 being reclassified from real estate under development to real estate held for investment.
(b)Leased % and occupancy % are calculated using the leased or occupied units, as applicable, divided by the number of delivered units.
INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE ENTITIES (a)
PropertyLocationUnitsEstimated Delivery DateTotal Construction BudgetTotal Project DebtIRT Equity Interest in JVRemaining Expected IRT InvestmentCarrying Value of IRT’s Investment
Metropolis at Innsbrook (b)
Richmond, VA402 $85,883 $64,000 84.8 %$— $17,576 
Views of Music City II /
  The Crockett (c)
Nashville, TN408 Q3 202366,079 43,275 50.0 %— 11,632 
Lakeline StationAustin, TX378 Q3 2024109,524 76,500 90.0 %— 31,585 
The MustangDallas, TX275 Q4 2024109,583 79,447 85.0 %— 26,799 
Total1,463 $371,069 $263,222 $— $87,592 
(a)Virtuoso was a former unconsolidated real estate entity that consists of 178 units in Huntsville, Alabama. We reassessed the accounting for Virtuoso upon an amendment to the joint venture agreement on August 1, 2023, and concluded that it is a voting interest entity and that we now control the major decisions that most significantly impact the joint venture through our 90% voting interest. Therefore, we began consolidating the assets and liabilities of the property and its operating results effective August 1, 2023.
(b)Operations commenced during Q2 2023 with 172 units placed in service. The remaining 230 units were placed in service during Q3 2023.
(c)Views of Music City phase II had 121 units placed in service during Q3 2023 and became an operating property consisting of 209 total units as of October 2, 2023. The Crockett is an operating property consisting of 199 units delivered in Q1 2023. We have one year from their respective delivery dates to exercise our purchase options on The Crockett and Views of Music City phase II.
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DEBT SUMMARY AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
Dollars in thousands
Amount
Weighted Average Rate (d)
Type
Weighted Average Maturity (in years)
Debt:
Unsecured revolver (a)
$241,479 6.6 %Floating2.3
Unsecured term loans (b)
600,000 6.5 %Floating3.8
Secured credit facilities (c)
617,114 4.3 %Floating/Fixed5.2
Mortgages1,218,462 4.0 %Fixed4.4
Total Principal2,677,055 4.9 %4.3
Loan premiums (discounts), net50,772 
Unamortized deferred financing costs(12,117)
Total Consolidated Debt2,715,710 
Market Equity Capitalization, at period end3,245,135 
Total Capitalization$5,960,845 
(a)Unsecured revolver total capacity is $500,000, of which $241,478 was drawn as of September 30, 2023. The maturity date of borrowings under the unsecured revolver is January 31, 2026.
(b)Consists of a (i) $200,000 unsecured term loan with a maturity date of May 18, 2026 and a (ii) $400,000 unsecured term loan with a maturity date of January 28, 2028.
(c)Consists of a (i) $540,867 secured credit facility, three tranches of which, in an aggregate principal amount of $500,399, have a maturity date of August 1, 2028 and the fourth tranche of which, in the principal amount of $40,468, has a maturity date of March 1, 2030 and a (ii) $76,248 secured credit facility with a maturity date of July 1, 2030.
(d)Represents the weighted average of the contractual interest rates in effect as of quarter-end without regard to any interest rate swaps or collars. Our total weighted average effective interest rate during the quarter ended September 30, 2023, after giving effect to the impact of interest rate swaps and collars, and excluding the impact of loan premium amortization, discount accretion, and interest capitalization was 4.2%.
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(e)As of September 30, 2023, we maintained the below hedges that have effectively fixed a portion of our floating rates debt.
Hedges:NotionalStartEndSwap RateFloor RateCap Rate
Collar$100,000 11/17/201711/17/2024— 1.25 %2.00 %
Collar$150,000 10/17/20181/17/2024— 2.25 %2.50 %
Swap$150,000 6/17/20216/17/20262.18 %— — 
Swap$150,000 5/17/20225/17/20270.99 %— — 
Swap$200,000 3/17/20233/17/20303.39 %— — 
Forward starting collar$100,000 1/17/20241/17/2028— 1.50 %2.50 %
Forward starting collar$100,000 11/17/20241/17/2028— 1.50 %2.50 %
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DEBT MATURITY, DEBT COVENANT AND UNENCUMBERED ASSET STATS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
Dollars in thousands


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(a)Debt maturity schedule reflects actual as of September 30, 2023 and proforma maturities upon completion of our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy.
Debt Covenant Summary (b)
RequirementActualCompliance
Consolidated leverage ratio≤ 60%36.3%Yes
Consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio≥ 1.5x2.68xYes
Unsecured leverage ratio≤ 60%26.4%Yes
(b)For a complete listing of all debt covenants along with definitions of each covenant calculation see the Fourth Amended, Restated and Consolidated Credit Agreement, which is included as exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K filed on July 27, 2022.
Encumbered & Unencumbered Statistics (c)
Total Units% of TotalGross Assets% of TotalQ3 2023 NOI % of Total
Unencumbered assets18,164 51.3 %$3,537,086 49.0 %$53,775 51.2 %
Encumbered assets17,263 48.7 %3,688,361 51.0 %51,168 48.8 %
35,427 100.0 %$7,225,447 100.0 %$104,943 100.0 %
(c)Upon completion of our Portfolio Optimization and Deleveraging Strategy, we expect unencumbered assets to represent approximately 54.8% of our total units, 52.8% of our gross assets, and 54.9% of our total NOI.

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DEFINITIONS
Average Effective Monthly Rent per Unit
Average effective rent per unit represents the average of gross rent amounts, divided by the average occupancy (in units) for the period presented. We believe average effective rent is a helpful measurement in evaluating average pricing. This metric, when presented, reflects the average effective rent per month.
Average Occupancy
Average occupancy represents the average occupied units for the reporting period divided by the average of total units available for rent for the reporting period.
Development Property
A development property is a property that is either currently under development or is in lease-up prior to reaching overall occupancy of 90%.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense including amortization of deferred financing costs, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA before certain other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as gains on sales (losses on impairment) of real estate, debt extinguishments and acquisition related debt extinguishment expenses, casualty (gains) losses, merger and integration costs, income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated real estate entities, and restructuring costs. We consider each of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be an appropriate supplemental measure of performance because it eliminates interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and other non-cash or non-operating gains and losses, which permits investors to view income from operations without these non-cash or non-operating items. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the methodology used for calculating Adjusted EBITDA by certain other REITs and, accordingly, our Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to Adjusted EBITDA reported by other REITs.
Funds From Operations (“FFO”) and Core Funds From Operations (“CFFO”)
We believe that FFO and CFFO, each of which is a non-GAAP financial measure, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT and us in particular. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), as net income or loss allocated to common shares (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of real estate and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles. While our calculation of FFO is in accordance with NAREIT’s definition, it may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO utilized by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO computations of such other REITs.
CFFO is a computation made by analysts and investors to measure a real estate company’s operating performance by removing the effect of items that do not reflect ongoing property operations, including depreciation and amortization of other items not included in FFO, and other non-cash or non-operating gains or losses related to items such as casualty (gains) losses, loan premium accretion and discount amortization, debt extinguishment costs, merger and integration costs, and restructuring costs from the determination of FFO.
Our calculation of CFFO may differ from the methodology used for calculating CFFO by other REITs and, accordingly, our CFFO may not be comparable to CFFO reported by other REITs. Our management utilizes FFO and CFFO as measures of our operating performance, and believe they are also useful to investors, because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash or non-recurring items that are required by GAAP to be expensed but may not necessarily be indicative of current operating performance and our operating performance between periods. Furthermore, although FFO, CFFO and other supplemental performance measures are defined in various ways throughout the REIT industry, we
26

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believe that FFO and CFFO may provide us and our investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to certain other REITs. Neither FFO nor CFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and CFFO do not represent amounts available for management’s discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Accordingly, FFO and CFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. Neither FFO nor CFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating, investing, and financing activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Interest Coverage
Interest coverage is a ratio computed by dividing Adjusted EBITDA by interest expense.
Net Debt
Net debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total consolidated debt less cash and cash equivalents and loan premiums and discounts. The following table provides a reconciliation of total consolidated debt to net debt (dollars in thousands).
As of
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Total debt$2,715,710 $2,650,805 $2,628,632 $2,631,645 $2,713,625 
Less: cash and cash equivalents(17,216)(14,349)(12,448)(16,084)(23,753)
Less: loan discounts and premiums, net(50,772)(53,520)(56,256)(59,937)(63,340)
Total net debt$2,647,722 $2,582,936 $2,559,928 $2,555,624 $2,626,532 
We present net debt and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA because management believes it is a useful measure of our credit position and progress toward reducing leverage. The calculation is limited because we may not always be able to use cash to repay debt on a dollar for dollar basis.
Net Operating Income
We believe that Net Operating Income (“NOI”), a non-GAAP financial measure, is a useful measure of our operating performance. We define NOI as total property revenues less total property operating expenses, excluding interest expense, depreciation and amortization, casualty related costs and gains, property management expenses, general and administrative expenses, net gains on sale of assets, merger and integration costs, and restructuring costs.
Other REITs may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REITs. We believe that this measure provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income. We use NOI to evaluate our performance on a same-store and non same-store basis because NOI measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items not related to property operating performance and captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.

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A reconciliation from GAAP net income to NOI is provided below (dollars in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Net income$3,986 $10,988 $8,872 $34,524 $16,653 
   Other revenue(232)(354)(239)(306)(300)
   Property management expenses7,232 6,818 6,371 6,593 5,744 
   General and administrative
     expenses
3,660 5,910 8,154 5,739 5,625 
   Depreciation and amortization
    expense
55,546 53,984 53,536 52,161 49,722 
   Casualty losses (gains), net35 680 151 (1,690)(191)
   Interest expense22,033 22,227 22,124 23,337 22,093 
   Loss on impairment (gain on sale)
    of real estate assets, net
11,268 — (985)(17,044)— 
   Other loss (income), net369 72 (93)(57)(765)
   Loss (gain) from investments in
     unconsolidated real estate entities
1,178 1,205 776 (242)1,477 
   Merger and integration costs— — — 2,028 275 
   Restructuring costs— — 3,213 — — 
NOI$105,075 $101,530 $101,880 $105,043 $100,333 
Less: Non same-store portfolio NOI4,063 3,400 3,804 4,866 3,937 
Same-store portfolio NOI$101,012 $98,130 $98,076 $100,177 $96,396 
Non Same-Store Properties and Non Same-Store Portfolio
Properties that did not meet the definition of a same-store property as of the beginning of the previous year.
Same-Store Properties and Same-Store Portfolio
We review our same-store portfolio at the beginning of each calendar year. Properties are added into the same-store portfolio if they were owned and not a development property at the beginning of the previous year. Properties that are held for sale or have been sold are excluded from the same-store portfolio.
Total Gross Assets
Total Gross Assets equals total assets plus accumulated depreciation and accumulated amortization, including fully depreciated or amortized real estate and real estate related assets. The following table provides a reconciliation of total assets to total gross assets (dollars in thousands).
As of
Sep 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023Mar 31, 2023Dec 31, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Total assets$6,577,790 $6,517,400 $6,493,747 $6,532,095 $6,633,533 
Plus: accumulated depreciation (a)
570,966 523,446 475,001 426,097 386,606 
Plus: accumulated amortization76,691 76,558 76,558 76,710 77,141 
Total gross assets$7,225,447 $7,117,404 $7,045,306 $7,034,902 $7,097,280 
(a)Includes accumulated depreciation associated with real estate held for sale, as applicable.
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v3.23.3
Cover
Oct. 26, 2023
Cover [Abstract]  
Document Type 8-K
Document Period End Date Oct. 26, 2023
Entity Registrant Name Independence Realty Trust, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code MD
Entity File Number 001-36041
Entity Tax Identification Number 26-4567130
Entity Address, Address Line One 1835 Market Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two Suite 2601
Entity Address, City or Town Philadelphia
Entity Address, State or Province PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 19103
City Area Code 267
Local Phone Number 270-4800
Written Communications false
Soliciting Material false
Pre-commencement Tender Offer false
Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer false
Title of 12(b) Security Common stock
Trading Symbol IRT
Security Exchange Name NYSE
Entity Emerging Growth Company false
Amendment Flag false
Entity Central Index Key 0001466085

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