Eve Holding, Inc.
(FORMERLY EVE UAM, LLC)
(In US Dollars)
1. Organization and Nature of Business
The Company and Nature of Business
Eve Holding, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, as applicable, “Eve”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”), a Delaware corporation, is an aerospace company with operations in Melbourne, Florida and São José dos Campos, São Paulo. The Company is a former blank check company incorporated on November 19, 2020, under the name Zanite Acquisition Corp. (“Zanite”) as a Delaware corporation and formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses.
Eve is dedicated to accelerating the urban air mobility (“UAM”) ecosystem. Benefitting from a startup mindset and with a singular focus, Eve is taking a holistic approach to progressing the UAM ecosystem, with an advanced electrical vertical take-off and landing (“eVTOL”) project, a comprehensive global services and support network and a unique air traffic management solution.
Business Combination
On December 21, 2021, Zanite entered into a Business Combination Agreement (the “BCA”), with Embraer S.A., a Brazilian corporation (“sociedade anonima”) (“ERJ”), Embraer Aircraft Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“EAH”) wholly owned by ERJ and EVE UAM, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Eve Sub”), a former subsidiary of EAH, that was formed for purposes of conducting the UAM Business (as defined in the BCA).
On May 9, 2022, in accordance with the BCA, the closing (the “Closing”) of the transactions contemplated by the BCA (the “Business Combination”) occurred, pursuant to which Zanite issued 220,000,000 shares of Class A common stock to EAH in exchange for the transfer by EAH to Zanite of all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of Eve Sub (the “Equity Exchange”). As a result of the Business Combination, Eve became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Zanite, which has changed its name to “Eve Holding, Inc.”
On December 21, 2021, December 24, 2021, March 9, 2022, March 16, 2022, and April 4, 2022, in connection with the Business Combination, Zanite entered into subscription agreements or amendments thereto (as amended from time to time, the “Subscription Agreements”) with certain investors, including certain strategic investors and/or investors with existing relationships with ERJ (the “Strategic Investors”), Zanite Sponsor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor”) and EAH (collectively, the “PIPE Investors”), pursuant to which and on the terms and subject to the conditions of which, Zanite agreed to issue and sell to the PIPE Investors in private placements to close immediately prior to the Closing, an aggregate of 35,730,000 shares of Class A common stock at a purchase price of $10.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $357,300,000, which included the commitment of the Sponsor to purchase 2,500,000 shares of Class A common stock for a purchase price of $25,000,000 and the commitment of EAH to purchase 18,500,000 shares of Class A common stock for a purchase price of $185,000,000 (the “PIPE Investment”). The PIPE Investment was consummated substantially concurrently with the Closing.
Upon Closing, all shares of Zanite Class A and Class B common stock were converted into, on a one-for-one basis, shares of common stock of Eve Holding.
Both ERJ and Zanite’s sponsors incurred costs in connection with the business combination (“Transaction Costs”). The Transaction Costs that were determined to be directly attributable and incremental to the Company, as the primary beneficiary of these expenses and incurred related to the Business Combination were deferred and recorded as other assets in the balance sheet until the Closing. Such costs were subsequently recorded either as an expense of the Business Combination or a reduction of cash contributed with a corresponding reduction of additional paid-in capital if they were attributable to one or multiple sub-transactions of the Business Combination.
Accounting Treatment of the Business Combination
The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, equivalent to the issuance of shares by Eve Sub for the net monetary assets of Zanite accompanied by a recapitalization. Accordingly, the consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations of Eve Sub (or the “UAM Business”, as applicable) became the historical financial statements of the Company, and the assets, liabilities and results of operations of Zanite were consolidated with Eve Sub beginning on the Closing date. For accounting purposes, the financial statements of the Company represent a continuation of the financial statements of Eve Sub. The net assets of Zanite were recorded at historical costs, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the transaction are presented as those of Eve Sub (or the “UAM Business”, as applicable) in future reports of the Company.
The financial statements included in this report reflect (i) the historical operating results of Eve Sub prior to the Business Combination; (ii) the combined results of Eve Sub and Zanite following the Closing; (iii) the assets and liabilities of Eve Sub at their historical cost; and (iv) the Company’s equity structure for all periods presented.
EAH did not lose control over Eve Sub as a result of the Closing because EAH held approximately 90% of Eve’s shares immediately after the Closing. Therefore, the transaction did not result in a change in control that would otherwise necessitate business combination accounting.
Basis of Presentation
Prior to the separation from ERJ, Eve Sub has historically operated as part of ERJ and not as a standalone company. For periods as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021, and prior to December 31, 2021, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been derived from ERJ and EAH historical accounting records and are presented on a carve-out basis (“The Urban Air Mobility Business of Embraer S.A”). After the contribution of the UAM assets by ERJ and EAH (i.e., from December 31, 2021, until the Closing) the combined financial statements have been derived from Eve Sub and Eve Soluções de Mobilidade Aérea Urbana Ltda. (“Eve Brazil”) books. After the Closing the consolidated financial statements have been derived from the Company’s combined figures to retroactively recast the recapitalization of equity including EPS for all periods presented.
As of January 1, 2022, Eve Sub began accounting for its financial activities as an independent entity. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2022, have been derived from Eve’s accounting records and certain carve-outs from ERJ and EAH’s historical accounting records.
The balances of Eve Brazil, a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Eve, that were recorded in a foreign currency, were converted/translated into its functional currency, the US Dollar (“US Dollars”, “USD” or “$”), before being presented on the consolidated financial statements.
ERJ started charging the UAM business related research and development (“R&D”) and general and administrative (“G&A”) expenses to Eve through the Master Service Agreement (“MSA”) and Shared Service Agreement (“SSA”), respectively. Therefore, there was no need to continue carving out expenses from ERJ and EAH.
All intercompany transactions’ balances between Eve Sub and Eve Brazil (collectively, the “Eve Entities”) were eliminated.
Until the Closing date, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Eve Sub reflect the assets, liabilities and expenses that management determined to be specifically attributable to Eve Sub, as well as allocations of certain corporate level assets, liabilities and expenses, deemed necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Eve, as discussed further below. Management believes that the assumptions used as basis for the allocations of expenses, direct and indirect, as well as assets and liabilities in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable. However, these allocations may not be indicative of the actual amounts that would have been recorded had Eve operated as an independent, publicly traded company for the periods presented.
Prior to May 9, 2022, as a part of ERJ, Eve Sub was dependent upon ERJ for all of its working capital and financing requirements, as ERJ uses a centralized approach to cash management and financing its operations. Accordingly, cash and cash equivalents, debt or related interest expense have not been allocated to Eve. Financing transactions related to Eve were accounted for as a component of Net Parent Investment in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and as a financing activity on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of cash flows.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in US Dollar, unless otherwise noted and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the SEC.
Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Additionally, operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for a full year. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements herein should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included within our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K/A. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of Management, all material adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly state, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the periods presented.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The information presented under Debt updates our Significant Accounting Policies information presented in our 2022 Form 10-K/A to reflect the debt agreement Eve entered into during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Change in Carve-out Methodology
The carve-out methodology was used since Eve Sub’s inception in 2017 until the Closing date. Thus, after May 9, 2022, no carve-out amounts were included in Eve’s financial statements.
As of the Closing, ERJ concluded that all the assets and liabilities of Eve Sub were contributed by ERJ. No other assets or liabilities are evaluated to be attributable to Eve Sub, eliminating the necessity to allocate a portion of ERJ’s assets and liabilities to Eve on a carve-out basis. Thus, Management deemed it to be more appropriate to adopt a legal entity approach as of January 1, 2022, rather than a management approach.
The management approach takes into consideration the assets that are being transferred to determine the most appropriate financial statement presentation. A management approach may also be appropriate when a parent entity needs to prepare financial statements for the sale of a legal entity, but prior to divestiture, certain significant operations of the legal entity are contributed to the parent in a common control transaction. On the other hand, the legal entity approach is often appropriate in circumstances when the transaction structure is aligned with the legal entity structure of the divested entity. One example would be when shares of a legal entity or a consolidated group of legal entities are divested. If the legal entity approach is deemed appropriate, all historical results of the legal entity, including those that are not ultimately transferred, should be presented in the historical financial statements through the date of transfer.
On December 14, 2021, the Company signed with ERJ the MSA and the SSA, through which ERJ charges Eve Sub for a significant part of the expenses Eve Sub was previously carving out. As previously explained, only a minor portion of Eve’s expenses, comprised of general overhead expenses, were allocated to Eve in order to better present its results in a stand-alone basis. For additional discussion of the MSA and SSA, refer to Note 5 Related Party Transactions.
Since the financial activities from the MSA and SSA signature date to December 31, 2021, were immaterial, Management chose to continue with the management approach for all of the year ended December 31, 2021, and to use the legal entity approach beginning January 1, 2022. Management continued to use the legal entity approach until the Business Combination was consummated on May 9, 2022 (i.e., after this date no carve-out amounts were added to Eve’s financial statements). The Company has recorded the impacts of the balance sheet adjustment (i.e., separation-related adjustment) for the change in methodology as adjustments to the January 1, 2022 beginning balance sheet and not as a period activity attributable to the twelve-months period ended December 31, 2022. The January 1, 2022 beginning balance sheet adjustments from the December 31, 2021 balances were as follows:
Separation-related Adjustments
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December 31, |
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Separation-Related
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January 1, |
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2021 |
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Adjustment |
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2022 |
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| ASSETS |
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| Current assets: |
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|
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| Cash and equivalents |
$ |
14,376,523 |
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|
$
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(8 |
) |
|
$ |
14,376,515 |
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| Related party receivables |
|
220,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
220,000 |
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| Other current assets |
|
6,274,397 |
|
|
|
(8,567 |
) |
|
|
6,265,830 |
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| Total current assets |
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20,870,920 |
|
|
|
(8,575 |
) |
|
|
20,862,345 |
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| Capitalized software, net |
|
699,753 |
|
|
|
(699,753 |
) |
|
|
- |
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| Total assets |
$ |
21,570,673 |
|
|
$ |
(708,328 |
) |
|
$ |
20,862,345 |
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LIABILITIES AND NET PARENT EQUITY
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| Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable
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877,641 |
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|
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(718,232 |
) |
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|
159,409 |
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Related party payables
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8,642,340
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|
|
|
1,110,032
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|
|
|
9,752,372
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| Derivative financial instruments |
|
32,226 |
|
|
|
(32,226 |
) |
|
|
- |
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Other payables
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|
616,156 |
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|
|
(94,361 |
) |
|
|
521,795 |
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| Total current liabilities |
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10,168,363 |
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|
|
265,213 |
|
|
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10,433,576 |
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| Other non-current payables |
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702,921 |
|
|
|
(297,921 |
) |
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|
405,000 |
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| Total liabilities |
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10,871,284 |
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|
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(32,708 |
) |
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10,838,576 |
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| Net parent equity: |
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|
|
|
|
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| Net parent investment |
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10,731,615 |
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(707,846 |
) |
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|
10,023,769 |
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| Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(32,226 |
) |
|
|
32,226 |
|
|
|
- |
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| Total net parent equity |
|
10,699,389 |
|
|
|
(675,620 |
) |
|
|
10,023,769 |
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| Total liabilities and net parent equity |
$ |
21,570,673 |
|
|
$ |
(708,328 |
) |
|
$ |
20,862,345 |
|
Management considers the legal entity approach to be the most meaningful representation of Eve’s standalone carve-out financial statements.
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is not an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Functional and Reporting Currency
Management has concluded that the US Dollar is the functional and reporting currency of Eve. Therefore, the consolidated financial statements that were derived from Eve entities’ financial statements are presented in USD.
The foreign currency gains and losses are related to transactions with suppliers recognized in the functional currency, USD, but settled in Brazilian reais (“BRL” or “R$”). The impacts were recognized in “Other financial gain/(loss), net” within the consolidated statements of operations.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and judgments that affected the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and allocations of expenses. These judgments were based on the historical experience, management’s evaluation of trends in the industry and other factors that were deemed relevant at that time. The estimates and assumptions were reviewed on a regular basis and the changes to accounting estimates were recognized in the period in which the estimates were revised. The Company’s management recognize that the actual results could be materially different from the estimates. Under the legal entity approach, the significant estimates include, but are not limited to the measurement of warrants, fair value measurement and income taxes.
Debt
On January 23, 2023, Eve entered into a line of credit agreement. Any debt or borrowings from banks with an original maturity date falling within twelve months will be classified within current liabilities, as well as the current portion of any long-term debt. Debt or borrowings from banks with maturity dates greater than twelve months (long-term debt) will be classified within non-current liabilities, net of any current portion. Refer to Note 10 for additional information regarding the credit agreement.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
There are no recent accounting pronouncements pending adoption that the Company expects will have a material impact on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The following discussion and analysis provide information that Eve's management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of Eve's consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the 2022 Form-10-K/A filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes that are included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. The Company’s actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the SEC.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, statements under Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding our financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “hope,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “objective,” “ongoing,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” or “would” or similar terms or expressions or the negative thereof., but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following risks, uncertainties and other factors:
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our ability to raise financing in the future;
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the impact of the regulatory environment and complexities with compliance related to such environment, including changes in applicable laws or regulations;
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the impact of public health crises and epidemics;
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our ability to implement and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting;
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our ability to grow market share in our existing markets or any new markets we may enter;
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our ability to respond to general economic conditions;
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the impact of foreign currency, interest rate, exchange rate and commodity price fluctuations;
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our ability to manage our growth effectively;
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our ability to achieve and maintain profitability in the future;
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our ability to access sources of capital to finance operations and growth;
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the success of our strategic relationships with third parties;
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competition from other manufacturers and operators of electrical vertical take-off and landing vehicles and other methods of air or ground transportation;
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various environmental requirements;
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retention or recruitment of executive and senior management and other key employees;
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reliance on services to be provided by Embraer and other third parties; and
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other risks and uncertainties described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including those under “Risk Factors”
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The list above is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all of our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. While we believe these expectations, forecasts, assumptions and judgments are reasonable, our forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date, and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.
Overview
Eve Holding, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, as applicable, “Eve”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”), a Delaware corporation, is an aerospace company with operations in Melbourne, Florida and São José dos Campos, São Paulo. The Company is a former blank check company incorporated on November 19, 2020, under the name Zanite Acquisition Corp. (“Zanite”) as a Delaware corporation that was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses.
Eve’s goal is to be a leading company in the urban air mobility ("UAM") market by taking a holistic approach to developing a UAM solution that includes: the design and production of electrical vertical take-off and landing vehicles (“eVTOLs”); a portfolio of maintenance and support services focused on Eve’s and third-party eVTOLs; services and operations solutions in collaboration with partners; and a new air traffic management system for eVTOLs, otherwise known as Urban Air Traffic Management (“UATM”) system designed to allow eVTOLs to operate safely and efficiently in dense urban airspace alongside conventional aircraft and drones. Eve’s mission is to bring affordable air transportation to all passengers, improve quality of life, unleash economic productivity, save passengers time and reduce global carbon emissions. Eve plans to leverage its strategic relationship with ERJ to de-risk and accelerate its development plans, while saving costs by utilizing ERJ’s extensive resources.
Eve’s Business Model
Eve plans to fuel the development of the UAM ecosystem by providing a complete portfolio of UAM solutions across four primary offerings:
eVTOL Production and Design. Eve is designing and certifying an eVTOL purpose-built for UAM missions. Eve plans to market its eVTOLs globally to operators of UAM services, including fixed wing and helicopter operators, as well as lessors that purchase and manage aircraft on behalf of operators.
Service and Support. Eve plans to offer a full suite of eVTOL service and support capabilities, including material services, maintenance, technical support, training, ground handling and data services. Its services will be offered to UAM fleet operators on an agnostic basis – supporting both its own eVTOL and those produced by third parties.
Fleet Operations. Eve plans to build a fleet operations business in collaboration with selected partners. Eve plans to establish revenue and risk sharing partnerships that will allow it to scale its fleet operations in a capital efficient manner and grow rapidly in a partner-by-partner manner.
Urban Air Traffic Management. Eve is developing a next-generation UATM system to help enable eVTOLs to operate safely and efficiently in dense urban airspace along with conventional fixed wing and rotary aircraft and unmanned drones. Eve expects to offer its UATM solution primarily as a subscription software offering to customers that include air navigation service providers, fleet operators and vertiport operators.
To date, Eve has not generated any revenue, as it continues to develop its eVTOL vehicles and other UAM solutions. As a result, Eve will require substantial additional capital to develop products and fund operations for the foreseeable future. Until Eve can generate any revenue from product sales and services, it expects to finance operations through a combination of existing cash on hand, public offerings, private placements and debt financings. The amount and timing of future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace and results of development efforts.
Recent Developments
United Investment
On September 1, 2022, the Company and United Airlines Ventures, Ltd. (“United”) entered into a Subscription Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2022, by and between the Company and United (the “United Subscription Agreement”), pursuant to which United agreed to subscribe for an aggregate of 2,039,353 shares of common stock for a purchase price of $7.36 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $15,000,000 (the “United Investment”). The United Investment was consummated on September 6, 2022.
Pursuant to the United Subscription Agreement, the Company was required to file with the SEC a registration statement registering the resale of such shares of common stock, which the SEC declared effective on January 20, 2023. The Company must use commercially reasonable efforts to keep the registration statement effective until the earliest of: (i) the date United no longer holds any registrable shares; (ii) the date all registrable shares held by United may be sold without restriction under Rule 144 under the Securities Act; (iii) the date such registrable shares have ceased to be outstanding and (iv) three years from the date of effectiveness of the registration statement.
On September 1, 2022, concurrently with the execution of the United Subscription Agreement, the Company and United also entered into the Warrant Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2022, by and between the Company and United (the “United Warrant Agreement”), pursuant to which, at or promptly following the closing of the United Investment, the Company issued to United new warrants to acquire up to 2,722,536 shares of common stock, each with an exercise price of $0.01 per share, which were issuable upon (i) the issuance by the parties of a joint press release announcing the United Investment, (ii) the entry by the Company and an affiliate of United into a conditional purchase agreement for the sale and purchase of up to 400 eVTOLs and (iii) the agreement by the Company and United to establish a concept of operations for the use of the Company’s eVTOLs at one or more of United’s or its affiliates’ hub airports. All such new warrants were exercised by United on October 14, 2022, for $27,225.36. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the United Warrant Agreement, the Company has agreed to issue United additional new warrants to acquire up to an additional 2,722,536 shares of common stock, each with an exercise price of $0.01 per share, which are issuable upon the entry into (i) a binding agreement between United (or one of its affiliates) and the Company for the sale and purchase of up to 200 eVTOLs and (ii) certain eVTOL services and support agreements. None of these conditions were met as of March 31, 2023.
Each of the new warrants issuable pursuant to the United Warrant Agreement is exercisable for a period of five years following its issuance or first permitted exercise date. If, upon the fifth anniversary of the issuance date of any such warrant, any issued and outstanding warrant has not been exercised and the Fair Market Value (as defined in the United Warrant Agreement) of one share of common stock is greater than the exercise price of such warrant as of such date, such warrant will automatically be deemed to be exercised. The United Warrant Agreement provides for certain registration rights with respect to the resale of the shares of common stock underlying such new warrants which are substantially similar to the registration rights provided under the United Subscription Agreement.
Finally, on September 1, 2022, United entered into a lock-up agreement with the Company, pursuant to which United will be restricted from transferring the new warrants issued to it at or promptly following the closing of the United Investment, as well as the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of such new warrants. The lock-up period varies from 6 to 12 months.
BNDES Loan Agreement
On January 23, 2023, EVE Soluções de Mobilidade Aérea Urbana, Ltda. (“Eve Brazil”), a Brazilian limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a loan agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with BNDES, pursuant to which BNDES agreed to grant two lines of credit to Eve Brazil, with an aggregate amount of R$490.00 million (approximately $96 million), to support the first phase of the development of the Company’s eVTOL project.
The first line of credit, in the amount of R$80.00 million (approximately $16 million), will be granted in Brazilian reais by Fundo Nacional Sobre Mudança Climática (“FNMC”), a BNDES fund that supports businesses focused on mitigating climate change and reducing carbon emissions and will be subject to an interest rate of 4.55% per year. The second line of credit, in the amount of R$410.00 million (approximately $80 million), will be granted in US Dollars, as adjusted on a daily basis by the US Dollars sale rate published by the Central Bank of Brazil as the “PTAX” rate and will be subject to an interest rate of 1.10% per year plus a fixed rate to be published by BNDES every 15 days in accordance with the Loan Agreement. Such credit lines shall be used by Eve Brazil within 36 months from the date of signing of the Loan Agreement (otherwise, BNDES may terminate the Loan Agreement) and any loans shall be paid by no later than February 15, 2035. In addition, Eve Brazil shall pay a one-time R$2.05 million (approximately $400,000) fee to BNDES, whether or not Eve Brazil ends up using any credit.
The Loan Agreement provides that the availability of such lines of credit is subject to BNDES’s rules and regulations and, in the case of the first line of credit, FNMC’s budget and, in the case of the second line of credit, BNDES’s financing program (which is subject to funding by the Conselho Monetário Nacional, Brazil’s National Monetary Council). Additionally, the Loan Agreement provides that the borrowing of any amount under these lines of credit is subject to certain conditions, including, among others, the promulgation of a new law (which condition only applies to the first line of credit), the receipt by BNDES of a guarantee from an acceptable financial institution, absence of any facts that would have a material adverse effect on the economic or financial condition of Eve Brazil and approval of the project by the applicable environmental entities.
The Loan Agreement can be early terminated and payment of any outstanding amount can be accelerated by BNDES in certain events provided for in the Loan Agreement, including in the event of default by Eve Brazil that remains uncured for 30 days following receipt of written notice from BNDES.
Master Service Agreements
EVE UAM, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Eve Sub”) has entered into the Master Service with ERJ and the Atech MSA with Atech (collectively, the "MSAs"), a Service Agreement with the Brazilian Subsidiary and the SSA with ERJ, EAH and the Brazilian Subsidiary. Pursuant to the MSAs with ERJ and Atech, each of ERJ and Atech, either directly or through their respective affiliates, will provide certain services and products to Eve and its subsidiaries, including, among others, product development of eVTOL, services development, parts planning, technical support, AOG support, MRO planning, training, special programs, technical publications development, technical publications management and distribution, operation, engineering, designing and administrative services and, at Eve’s option, future eVTOL manufacturing services. Eve expects to collaborate with ERJ and leverage ERJ’s expertise as an aircraft producer, which will help it design and manufacture eVTOLs with low maintenance and operational costs and design systems and processes for maintenance, develop pilot training programs and establish operations. The services provided under the SSA include, among others, corporate and administrative services to Eve. In addition, Eve Sub has also entered into the Data Access Agreement with ERJ and the Brazilian subsidiary, pursuant to which, among other things, ERJ has agreed to provide the Brazilian Subsidiary with access to certain of its intellectual property and proprietary information in order to facilitate the execution of the specific activities that are set out in certain of the statements of work entered into pursuant to the Services Agreements.
The aforementioned Services Agreements continue to be in full force and effect. Further information about such agreements is set forth beginning on page 68 of our prospectus, dated January 18, 2023, filed on January 20, 2023, pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, relating to the Registration Statement on Form S-1/A, as amended (File No.333-265337) (the “Prospectus”), in the section entitled “Material Agreements”.
Key Factors Affecting Operating Results
For further discussion on the risks attendant to the Key Factors Affecting Operating Results, see the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.
Brazilian Economic Environment
The Brazilian government has frequently intervened in the Brazilian economy and occasionally made drastic changes in policy and regulations. The Brazilian government’s actions to control inflation and affect other policies and regulations have often involved, among other measures, increases in interest rates, changes in tax policies and incentives, price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports. Changes in Brazil’s monetary, credit, tariff and other policies could adversely affect our business, as could inflation, currency and interest-rate fluctuations, social instability and other political, economic or diplomatic developments in Brazil, as well as the Brazilian government’s response to these developments.
Rapid changes in Brazilian political and economic conditions that have occurred and may occur require continued assessment of the risks associated with our activities and the adjustment of our business and operating strategy accordingly. Developments in Brazilian government policies, including changes in the current policy and incentives adopted for financing exports of Brazilian goods, or in the Brazilian economy, over which we have no control, may have a material adverse effect on our business.
Inflation and exchange rate variations have had and may continue to have, substantial effects on our financial condition and results of operations.
Inflation and exchange rate variations affect our monetary assets and liabilities denominated in Brazilian reais. The value of these assets and liabilities as expressed in US Dollars declines when the real devalues against the US Dollar and increases when the real appreciates. In periods of devaluation of the real, we report (i) a remeasurement loss on real-denominated monetary assets and (ii) a remeasurement gain on real-denominated monetary liabilities. For additional information on the effects of exchange rate variations on our financial condition and results of operations, see the section entitled “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”
Development of the UAM Market
Our revenue will be directly tied to the continued development and sale of eVTOL and related services. While we believe the market for UAM will be large, it remains undeveloped and there is no guarantee of future demand. We currently anticipate commercialization of our eVTOL services-and-support business beginning in 2025, followed by the commercialization and initial revenue generation from the sale of our eVTOLs beginning in 2026, and our business will require significant investment leading up to launching passenger services, including, but not limited to, final engineering designs, prototyping and testing, manufacturing, software development, certification, pilot training and commercialization.
We believe one of the primary drivers for adoption of our UAM services is the value proposition and time savings offered by aerial mobility relative to traditional ground-based transportation. Additional factors impacting the pace of adoption of our UAM services include but are not limited to: perceptions about eVTOL quality, safety, performance and cost; perceptions about the limited range over which eVTOL may be flown on a single battery charge; volatility in the cost of oil and gasoline; availability of competing forms of transportation, such as ground or air taxi or ride-hailing services; the development of adequate infrastructure; consumers’ perception about the convenience and cost of transportation using eVTOL relative to ground-based alternatives; and increases in fuel efficiency, autonomy, or electrification of cars. In addition, macroeconomic factors could impact demand for UAM services, particularly if end-user pricing is at a premium to ground-based transportation alternatives or more permanent work-from-home behaviors persist following the COVID pandemic. We anticipate initial operations in selected high-density metropolitan areas where traffic congestion is particularly acute and operating conditions are suitable for early eVTOL operations. If the market for UAM does not develop as expected, this would impact our ability to generate revenue or grow our business.
Competition
We believe that our primary sources of competition are focused UAM developers and established aerospace and automotive companies developing UAM businesses. In addition, we are likely to face competition in our specific business segments from fleet operators that do not partner with us, aviation companies that have built extensive aircraft service and support networks and potentially providers of Unmanned Traffic Management systems if those systems are enhanced to higher levels of safety to support manned flight operations. We expect the UAM industry to be dynamic and increasingly competitive; our competitors could get to market before us, either generally or in specific markets. Even if we are first to market, we may not fully realize the benefits we anticipate and we may not receive any competitive advantage or may be overcome by other competitors. If new companies or existing aerospace or automotive companies launch competing solutions in the markets in which we intend to operate and obtain large-scale capital investment, we may face increased competition. Additionally, our competitors may benefit from our efforts in developing consumer and community acceptance for UAM products and services, making it easier for them to obtain the permits and authorizations required to operate UAM services. In the event we do not capture a first mover advantage, or our current or future competitors overcome our advantages, our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects would be harmed.
Government Certification
We plan to obtain authorizations and certifications for our eVTOL with the ANAC, FAA and EASA initially and will seek certifications from other aviation authorities as necessary. We will also need to obtain authorizations and certifications related to the production of our aircraft and the deployment of our related services. While we anticipate being able to meet the requirements of such authorizations and certifications, we may be unable to obtain such authorizations and certifications, or to do so on the timeline we project. Should we fail to obtain any of the required authorizations or certifications, or do so in a timely manner, or any of these authorizations or certifications are modified, suspended or revoked after we obtain them, we may be unable to launch our commercial service or do so on the timelines we project, which would have adverse effects on our business, prospects, financial condition and/or results of operations.
Initial Business Development Engagement
Since its founding, Eve has been engaged in multiple market and business development projects around the world. Examples of this include two concepts of operation (CONOPS) with Airservices Australia as well as with the United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority. Both of these market and business development initiatives demonstrated Eve’s ability to create new procedures and frameworks designed to enable the safe scalability of UAM together with our partners. Using these initiatives as a guide, Eve has launched CONOPS in Rio de Janeiro, Miami, Japan and Chicago, and hopes to launch additional concepts of operation in the United States, Brazil and around the world.
In addition to our market development initiatives, Eve has signed non-binding letters of intent to sell over 2,770 of our eVTOL aircraft and we continue to seek additional opportunities for sales partnerships. In addition to these deals, Eve has been actively involved in the UAM ecosystem development by signing Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) with more than 25 market-leading partners in segments spanning infrastructure, operations, platforms, utilities and others. In the future, we plan to focus on implementation and ecosystem readiness with our existing partners while continuing to seek UATM and support-services partnerships in order to complement our business-model and drive growth.
Fully-Integrated Business Model
Eve’s business model to serve as a fully-integrated eVTOL transportation solution provider is uncertain. Present projections indicate that payback periods on eVTOL aircraft will result in a viable business model over the long-term as production volumes scale and unit economics improve to support sufficient market adoption. As with any new industry and business model, numerous risks and uncertainties exist. Our financial results are dependent on certifying and delivering eVTOL on time and at a cost that supports returns at prices that sufficient numbers of customers are willing to pay based on value arising from time and efficiency savings from utilizing eVTOL services. Our aircraft include numerous parts and manufacturing processes unique to eVTOL aircraft, in general and our product design, in particular. Best efforts have been made to estimate costs in our planning projections; however, the variable cost associated with assembling our aircraft at scale remains uncertain at this stage of development. The success of our business also is dependent, in part, on the utilization rate of our aircraft and reductions in utilization will adversely impact our financial performance. Our aircraft may not be able to fly safely in poor weather conditions, including snowstorms, thunderstorms, lightning, hail, known icing conditions and/or fog. Inability to operate safely in these conditions would reduce our aircraft utilization and cause delays and disruptions in our services. We intend to maintain a high daily aircraft utilization rate which is the amount of time our aircraft spend in the air carrying passengers. High daily aircraft utilization is achieved in part by reducing turnaround times at vertiports so we can fly more hours on average in a day. Aircraft utilization is reduced by delays and cancellations from various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including adverse weather conditions, security requirements, air traffic congestion and unscheduled maintenance events.
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
Eve is a development stage company and has not generated any revenue and has incurred operating losses since inception. We do not expect to generate relevant revenue from eVTOL sales unless and until we obtain regulatory approval of and commercialize our first eVTOL. Projected revenue in 2025 is comprised of fleet operations, service and support and UATM. These eVTOL-related revenue sources are not solely dependent on Eve aircraft, which are not expected to begin production until 2025 and generate revenue until 2026. Our ability to generate revenue sufficient to achieve profitability will depend heavily on the successful development and eventual commercialization of our eVTOL.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development activities represent a significant part of Eve’s business. Eve’s research and development efforts focus on the design and development of eVTOLs, the development of services and operations for its vehicles and those operated by third parties, as well as the development of a UATM software platform. Research and development expenses consist of personnel-related costs (including salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation) for the Eve’s employees focused on research and development activities and costs of consulting, equipment and materials, as well as other related costs, depreciation and amortization and an allocation of Eve’s general overhead, including rent, information technology costs and utilities. Eve expects research and development expenses to increase significantly as it increases staffing to support eVTOL aircraft engineering and software development, builds aircraft prototypes, progresses towards the launch of its first eVTOL aircraft and continues to explore and develop next generation aircraft and technologies.
Eve cannot determine with certainty the timing or duration of, or the completion costs of its eVTOL aircraft due to the inherently unpredictable nature of its research and development activities. Development timelines, the probability of success and development costs can differ materially from expectations.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs, (including salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation) for employees associated with administrative services such as executive management, legal, human resources, information technology, accounting and finance. These expenses also include certain third-party consulting services, including business development, contractor and professional services fees, audit and compliance expenses, certain insurance costs, certain facilities costs and any corporate overhead costs not allocated to other expense categories, including allocated depreciation, rent, information technology costs and utilities. Selling, general and administrative expenses have increased in absolute dollars as Eve ramped up operations and became a public company, which is required to comply with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (“SOX”) and other rules and regulations. Eve has been incurring and will continue to incur additional costs for employees and third-party consulting services related to operating as a public company and to support Eve’s commercialization efforts.
New Warrants Expenses
Eve issued or agreed to issue new warrants to potential customers, financiers and suppliers. See more details in Note 11. The new warrants exercisable upon the closing of the transaction were recognized by Eve at their respective fair values on this date as an operating expense (since Eve has no current revenue or binding contracts in place).
Results of Operations
Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022:
The following tables set forth statement of operations information for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
|
Three Months Ended March 31,
|
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
|
2022
|
|
| Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Research and development |
$ |
(21,528,338 |
) |
|
$ |
(9,114,687 |
) |
| Selling, general and administrative |
|
(6,154,319 |
) |
|
|
(1,318,033 |
) |
| Loss from operations |
|
(27,682,657 |
) |
|
|
(10,432,720 |
) |
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |
|
(2,194,500
|
) |
|
|
-
|
|
| Financial investment income |
|
3,254,400
|
|
|
|
63,381
|
|
| Other financial gain/(loss), net |
|
1,024,490
|
|
|
|
359,331 |
|
| Loss before income taxes |
|
(25,598,267 |
) |
|
|
(10,010,008 |
) |
| Income tax benefit/(expense) |
|
(173,715 |
) |
|
|
-
|
|
| Net loss |
$ |
(25,771,982 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,010,008 |
) |
| Net loss per share basic and diluted |
$
|
(0.09
|
) |
|
$
|
(0.05
|
) |
| Weighted-average number of shares outstanding – basic and diluted |
|
275,494,021
|
|
|
|
220,000,000
|
|
|
Y-o-Y Changes for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 vs March 31, 2022 |
|
|
Changes in $ |
|
|
|
Changes in % |
|
| Operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Research and development |
(12,413,651 |
) |
|
|
136
|
% |
| Selling, general and administrative |
(4,836,286 |
) |
|
|
367
|
% |
Loss from operations
|
(17,249,937 |
) |
|
|
165
|
% |
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |
(2,194,500
|
) |
|
|
100
|
% |
| Financial investment income |
3,191,019
|
|
|
|
5,035
|
%
|
| Other financial gain/(loss), net |
665,159
|
|
|
|
185 |
% |
| Loss before income taxes |
(15,588,259 |
) |
|
|
156
|
% |
| Income tax benefit/(expense) |
(173,715 |
) |
|
|
100
|
% |
| Net loss |
(15,761,974 |
) |
|
|
157
|
% |
Research and development expenses
Research and development expenses increased by $12.41 million, from $9.11 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to $21.53 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase in research and development was primarily due to an increase in R&D’s team headcount, whose activities are mainly related to eVTOL and UATM development, as well as higher engineering expenses contemplated in MSA agreements with ERJ and Atech, mainly related to cost of supplies for the development of the prototype vehicle, a full scale model of Eve’s eVTOL, including batteries, motors, thermal management systems and propellers. Further, additional milestone payments and purchases of parts, equipment and supplies went to suppliers and outside contractors in connection with the continued development of the prototype vehicle. Lastly, Eve also started to incur development expenses related to its UATM system in 2021, which continued throughout 2022 and 2023.
Selling, general and administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $4.84 million, from $1.32 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to $6.15 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was largely driven by an increase in Eve’s team, consulting services and marketing expenses as well as charges related to the Shared Service Agreement.
Financial investment income
Financial investment income increased from $0.06 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to $3.25 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Eve has invested its cash in short fixed-income instruments of low risk, mostly in US Dollar and high-quality financial institutions.
Other financial gain/(loss), net
Other financial gain/(loss), net of $0.36 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, was also a gain of $1.02 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. This gain was driven mainly by exchange rate variation.
Loss before income tax
As a result of the aforementioned factors, loss before taxes on income increased by $15.59 million, from a loss of $10.01 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to a loss of $25.60 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Net Loss and comprehensive loss
As a consequence of the aforementioned factors, our consolidated net loss after taxes, increased by $15.76 million, from a loss of $10.01 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, to a loss of $25.77 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Eve has incurred net losses since its inception and to date has not generated any revenue from the design, development, manufacturing, engineering and sale or distribution of electric aircraft. We expect to continue to incur losses and negative operating cash flows for the foreseeable future until we successfully commence sustainable commercial operations.
As of the Closing of the business combination with Zanite Acquisition Corp., Eve received net proceeds from the business combination and PIPE Investment of approximately $329.1 million. As of March 31, 2023, Eve had cash of $11.84 million, investments in marketable securities of $199.12 million and a related party loan receivable of $83.64 million to EAH that results in total liquidity of $294.60 million, which is expected to be sufficient to fund its current operating plan for at least the next twelve months. On January 23, 2023, the Company secured two credit lines with BNDES for a total of R$490.00 million (approximately US$96 million, using the exchange rate on March 31, 2023), which adds to the Company’s total liquidity once they are drawn. In addition, Eve will receive the proceeds from any exercise of any warrants in cash, other than a cashless exercise effected in accordance with the terms of such warrants. For additional information, please see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.
Eve’s future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
| • |
|
research and development expenses as it continues to develop its eVTOL aircraft; |
| • |
|
capital expenditures in the expansion of its manufacturing capacities; |
| • |
|
additional operating costs and expenses for production ramp-up and raw material procurement costs; |
| • |
|
general and administrative expenses as Eve scales its operations; |
| • |
|
interest expense from any debt financing activities; and |
| • |
|
selling and distribution expenses as Eve builds, brands and markets electric aircraft. |
Eve intends to continue to use the proceeds received from the Business Combination and the PIPE Investment primarily to fund its research and development activities and other personnel costs, which are our business’ principal uses of cash. In light of the significant number of redemptions that occurred during the business combination, the current trading price for shares of your common stock and the unlikelihood that we will receive significant proceeds from exercises of the warrants because of the disparity between the exercise price of the warrants and the current trading price of the common stock, these funds will likely not be sufficient to enable Eve to complete all necessary development of and commercially launch its eVTOL aircraft. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our revenue growth rate, the timing and the amount of cash received from our customers, the expansion of sales and marketing activities and the timing and extent of spending to support development efforts. Until Eve generates sufficient operating cash flow to cover its operating expenses, working capital needs and planned capital expenditures, or if circumstances evolve differently than anticipated, Eve expects to utilize a combination of equity and debt financing to fund any future capital needs. Currently, no decision has been made as to specific sources of additional funding and Eve may explore different potential funding opportunities including potential long-term debt finance lines with private and public banks, advances and pre-delivery down payments from customers as well as equity and convertible lines. Eve may be unable to raise additional funds when needed on favorable terms or at all. The sale of securities by selling securityholders pursuant to the Prospectus could result in a significant decline in the public trading price of the common stock and could further decrease the likelihood of raising additional funds successfully. If Eve raises funds by issuing equity securities, dilution to stockholders may result. Any equity securities issued may also provide for rights, preferences, or privileges senior to those of holders of common stock. If Eve raises funds by issuing debt securities, these debt securities would have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of preferred and common stockholders. The terms of debt securities or borrowings could impose significant restrictions on our operations. The capital markets have in the past and may in the future, experience periods of upheaval that could impact the availability and cost of equity and debt financing.
In the event that Eve requires additional financing but is unable to raise additional capital or generate cash flows necessary to continue its research and development and invest in continued innovation, Eve may not be able to compete successfully, which would harm its business, results of operations and financial condition. If adequate funds are not available, Eve may need to reconsider its expansion plans or limit its research and development activities, which could have a material adverse impact on our business prospects and results of operations.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes cash flows for the periods indicated:
|
Three Months Ended March 31,
|
|
|
2023
|
|
|
2022
|
|
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |
$ |
(19,891,123 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,868,950 |
) |
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
|
(17,543,699 |
) |
|
|
-
|
|
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
|
125,952 |
|
|
|
-
|
|
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
$ |
(37,308,870
|
) |
|
$
|
(1,868,950
|
) |
Net Cash Generated (Used) by Operating Activities
2023 Compared with 2022
Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was $19.89 million versus net cash used of $1.87 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, with the change resulting principally from an increase in research and development expenses in 2023, as compared to 2022, partially compensated by higher accounts payable to ERJ.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
2023 Compared with 2022
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was $17.54 million compared to no use of net cash by investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2022. The change results principally from the investment of proceeds from the business combination with Zanite Acquisition Corp. and from PIPE investments in interest-bearing marketable securities and a related party loan receivable of $83.64 million to Embraer Aircraft Holdings (EAH).
As of March 31, 2023, we had no outstanding debt on our balance sheet.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
For additional information on off-balance sheet items as of March 31, 2023, please refer to Note 19.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent liabilities and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Eve’s estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that Eve believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions and any such differences may be material.
The accounting policies and estimates that affect the condensed consolidated financial statements and the judgments and assumptions used are consistent with those described in the MD&A in our 2022 Form 10-K/A.
Credit Risk
Financial instruments, which subjects Eve to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, financial investments, related party loan receivable and derivative financial instruments. Eve’s cash and cash equivalents and financial investments are held at major financial institutions located in the United States of America and Brazil. At times, cash account balances with any one financial institution may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits ($250,000 per depositor per institution). Management believes the financial institutions that hold Eve’s cash and cash equivalents and financial investments are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to cash and cash equivalents and financial investments.
Eve also performs ongoing evaluation of the counterparty of our Intercompany Loan.
Emerging Growth Company Status
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards and to adopt certain of the reduced disclosure requirements available to emerging growth companies. As a result of the accounting standards election, we are not subject to the same implementation timeline for new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies which may make comparison of our financials to those of other public companies more difficult.
We also take advantage of some of the reduced regulatory and reporting requirements of emerging growth companies pursuant to the JOBS Act, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation and exemptions from the requirements of holding non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and golden parachute payments.
We will lose our emerging growth company status and become subject to the SEC’s internal control over financial reporting management and auditor attestation requirements upon the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the date of the completion of our IPO, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which requires the market value of our Common Stock that are held by non-affiliates to exceed $700 million as of the prior June 30th , and (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three year period.
Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Control and Procedures
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that material information required to be disclosed in our reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officers and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required financial disclosure. Because of the inherent limitations, disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officers and principal financial officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officers and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2023, due to material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, as previously discloded in Item 9A “Controls and Procedures” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2022, which have not been remediated as of March 31, 2023.
Notwithstanding the identified material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting, our management performed additional analysis as deemed necessary to ensure that our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are fairly stated, in all material respects, in accordance with generally accepted principles in the United States of America.
Previously Reported Material Weaknesses
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
As previously disclosed in 9A “Controls and Procedures” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2022, we have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. In particular:
|
|
•
|
We did not design and maintain effective controls to timely analyze, account for and disclose non-routine, unusual or complex transactions, as well as accrued expenses, share-based payments and properly disclose certain financial presentation matters.
|
|
|
•
|
We did not design and implement an effective risk assessment, information and communication processes.
|
|
|
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We do not have sufficient personnel with qualifications and experience within our control environment to address complex accounting matters.
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Management’s Remediation Plan
Our management is actively engaged and committed to taking the steps necessary to remediate the control deficiencies that constituted the material weaknesses. In order to address the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described above, management, with direction from the Audit Committee, is in the process of developing and implementing remediation plans to address the control deficiencies that led to these material weaknesses, including the following actions that were taken in 2023:
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We engaged outside consultants to assist in the design, implementation, documentation and remediation of internal controls that address the relevant risks and to assist us in the evaluation of our relevant accounting and operating systems, to enable us to improve our processes and controls over financial reporting.
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We engaged an outside firm to assist management with the accounting and disclosure of complex accounting transactions that occur during the year.
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We have identified the root cause of the deficiencies and the related relevant controls to be designed and implemented to timely detect and prevent material errors or omitted disclosures.
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Our remediation activities are continuing during 2023. In addition to the above actions, we expect to both continue with the actions above and engage in additional activities, including, but not limited to:
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Management will continue to evaluate and hire additional resources within our accounting and financial reporting and internal control functions with the appropriate experience, certifications, education and training for key financial reporting and accounting positions.
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We plan to provide training to our personnel performing internal control functions in order to enhance their level of understanding over the appropriate design, implementation and effectiveness of controls.
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We will define a risk assessment methodology and conduct a risk assessment, to enhance overall compliance.
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Management will implement controls to ensure timely communication within the relevant areas of the Company to identify events and/or transactions that may impact the Company’s financial reporting.
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Management believes these enhancements, once implemented, will reduce the risk of a material misstatement resulting from the material weaknesses described above. However, it will require a period of time to determine the operating effectiveness of any newly implemented internal controls.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter ended March 31, 2023, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.