SYDNEY—Rio Tinto PLC said first-half net profit plunged 82% from a year earlier, as the Anglo-Australian miner grappled with a sharp slump in prices for its commodities, including iron ore, coal and copper.

Rio Thursday said its first-half net profit fell to US$806 million from US$4.40 billion a year earlier. That was weighed by noncash exchange rate and derivative losses of US$1.3 billion and impairment charges of US$400 million related mainly to its stake in Energy Resources of Australia Ltd.

Excluding one-time charges, underlying earnings fell 43% to US$2.92 billion, which beat the US$2.42 billion median of seven analysts' forecasts compiled by The Wall Street Journal.

The company declared an interim dividend of US$1.075 a share, up 12% from a year earlier and in line with analysts' expectations.

Write to Rhiannon Hoyle at rhiannon.hoyle@wsj.com

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