Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________

FORM 10-Q

__________________________

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

			For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

			For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-33493

____________________________________________________________________________________

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

____________________________________________________________________________________


Cayman Islands			N/A
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. employer identification no.)
65 Market Street
Suite 1207, Jasmine Court
P.O. Box 31110
Camana Bay
Grand Cayman
Cayman Islands			KY1-1205
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip code)

(205) 291-3440

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares	GLRE	Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Ordinary Shares, $0.10 par value			35,321,144
(Class)			Outstanding at May 3, 2024

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Note on Forward-Looking Statements	3
Item 1.	Financial Statements	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)	7
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	8
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	38
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	40
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	41
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	41
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	41
Item 5.	Other Information	41
Item 6.	Exhibits	42
SIGNATURES		42

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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

NOTE OF FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (herein referred as “Form 10-Q”) of Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (“Greenlight Capital Re,” “Company,” “us,” “we,” or “our”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements, other than statements of historical facts included in this report, including statements regarding estimates, projections, statements relating to our business plans, objectives, and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are “forward-looking statements”. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements in the United States (“U.S.”) federal securities laws established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words “believe,” “project,” “predict,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections, and various assumptions, many of which, are inherently uncertain and beyond management’s control.

Forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q may include, but are not limited to, information regarding our estimates for catastrophes and weather-related losses (herein referred as “CAT losses”), measurements of potential losses in the fair market value of our investments, our expectations regarding the performance of our business, our financial results, our liquidity and capital resources, the outcome of our strategic initiatives, our expectations regarding pricing, and other market and economic conditions including inflation, our growth prospects, and valuations of the potential impact of movements in interest rates, equity securities’ prices, and foreign currency exchange rates.

Forward-looking statements only reflect our expectations and are not guarantees of performance. These statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those indicated in such statements. We believe that these factors include, but are not limited to:

•a downgrade or withdrawal of our A.M. Best ratings;

•any suspension or revocation of any of our licenses;

•losses from catastrophes and other major events;

•the loss of significant brokers; and

•those described under “Item 1A, Risk Factors” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,2023, as filed with the SEC on March 5, 2024 (“2023 Form 10-K”), which is accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether due to new information, future events, or otherwise. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which speak only to the dates they were made.

We intend to communicate certain events that we believe may have a material adverse impact on our operations or financial position, including property and casualty catastrophic events and material losses in our investment portfolio, in a timely manner through a public announcement. Other than as required by the Exchange Act, we do not intend to make public announcements regarding underwriting or investment events that we do not believe, based on management’s estimates and current information, will have a material adverse impact on our operations or financial position.

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

March 31, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share and share amounts)


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Investments
Investment in related party investment fund, at fair value	$	307,138	$	258,890
Other investments	72,656		73,293
Total investments	379,794		332,183
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598		51,082
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	581,208		604,648
Reinsurance balances receivable (net of allowance for expected credit losses of 2024: $865 and 2023: $854)	693,742		619,401
Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable (net of allowance for expected credit losses of 2024: $701 and 2023: $487)	44,765		25,687
Deferred acquisition costs	84,891		79,956
Unearned premiums ceded	25,202		17,261
Other assets	5,769		5,089
Total assets	$	1,876,969	$	1,735,307
Liabilities and equity
Liabilities
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves	$	730,655	$	661,554
Unearned premium reserves	348,631		306,310
Reinsurance balances payable	71,640		68,983
Funds withheld	20,796		17,289
Other liabilities	8,323		11,795
Debt	72,466		73,281
Total liabilities	1,252,511		1,139,212
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 15)
Shareholders' equity
Preferred share capital (par value $0.10; none issued)	—		—
Ordinary share capital (par value $0.10; issued and outstanding, 35,321,144 (2023: par value $0.10; issued and outstanding, 35,336,732)	3,532		3,534
Additional paid-in capital	485,878		484,532
Retained earnings	135,048		108,029
Total shareholders' equity	624,458		596,095
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,876,969	$	1,735,307

The accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an

integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share and share amounts)


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Revenues
Gross premiums written		$	217,258	$	186,455
Gross premiums ceded		(23,181)		(11,212)
Net premiums written		194,077		175,243
Change in net unearned premium reserves		(32,541)		(32,594)
Net premiums earned		161,536		142,649
Income (loss) from investment in related party investment fund (net of related party expenses - Note 3)		18,248		(3,138)
Net investment income		8,143		8,378
Foreign exchange gains (losses)		(1,649)		4,931
Other income, net		5,035		2,166
Total revenues		191,313		154,986
Expenses
Net loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred		109,326		96,725
Acquisition costs		41,610		41,476
General and administrative expenses		10,714		9,936
Deposit interest expense		876		132
Interest expense		1,249		776
Total expenses		163,775		149,045
Income before income tax		27,538		5,941
Income tax expense		(519)		(54)
Net income		$	27,019	$	5,887

Earnings (loss) per share ("EPS"):
Basic		$	0.79	$	0.17
Diluted		$	0.78	$	0.17
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the determination of EPS:
Basic		34,272,230		34,059,185
Diluted		34,653,381		38,231,607

The accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an

integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Ordinary share capital
Balance - beginning of period		$	3,534	$	3,482
Issue of ordinary shares, net of forfeitures		(2)		44

Balance - end of period		3,532		3,526
Additional paid-in capital
Balance - beginning of period		484,532		478,439

Share-based compensation expense		1,346		990
Balance - end of period		485,878		479,429
Retained earnings
Balance - beginning of period		108,029		21,199
Net income		27,019		5,887
Balance - end of period		135,048		27,086
Total shareholders' equity		$	624,458	$	510,041

The accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an

integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	27,019	$	5,887
Adjustments to reconcile net income or loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Income from investments in related party investment fund	(18,248)		3,138
Net realized gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes payable	—		(265)
Net realized and unrealized losses (gains) on other investments	413		250
Net realized and unrealized losses (gains) on derivatives	(472)		—
Current expected credit losses (gains) recognized on reinsurance assets	225		—
Share-based compensation expense	1,344		1,034
Accretion of debt offering costs and change in interest accruals	123		(803)

Net change in:
Reinsurance balances receivable	(74,352)		(76,086)
Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable	(19,292)		(3,688)
Deferred acquisition costs	(4,935)		(2,164)
Unearned premiums ceded	(7,941)		(2,630)
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves	69,101		40,331
Unearned premium reserves	42,321		30,069
Reinsurance balances payable	2,657		4,114
Funds withheld	3,507		(61)
Other items, net	(3,510)		(385)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	17,960		(1,259)
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from redemptions of investment in SILP	—		26,000
Contributions to investment in SILP	(30,000)		(47,001)
Purchases of other investments	—		(1,075)
Proceeds on disposal of other investments	168		—

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(29,832)		(22,076)
Cash flows from financing activities

Repayment of term loans	(938)		—

Repurchases of convertible senior notes payable	—		(17,085)


Net cash used in financing activities	(938)		(17,085)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(114)		132
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(12,924)		(40,288)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period	655,730		706,548
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period	$	642,806	$	666,260
Supplementary information
Interest paid in cash	$	1,724	$	1,578
Income tax paid (refund received) in cash	—		21

The accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an

integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

March 31, 2024

1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization

Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (“GLRE” and, together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the “Company”) was incorporated as an exempted company under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands on July 13, 2004. The Company is a global specialty property and casualty reinsurer headquartered in the Cayman Islands. The ordinary shares of GLRE are listed on Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “GLRE.”

Basis of Presentation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (the “financial statements”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The financial statements include the accounts of GLRE and the consolidated financial statements of its wholly-owned subsidiaries and all significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated on consolidation.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations as at the end of and for the periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year.

Tabular dollars are in thousands, with the exception of per share amounts or otherwise noted. All amounts are reported in U.S. dollars.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current financial statements. The Company has reported separately the foreign exchange gains (losses) from “Other income” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. This resulted in no change to the previously reported total revenues or net income. The Company has also included the foreign exchange gains (losses) as part of the net change in working capital in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Further, the Company combined “Other assets, excluding depreciation” and “Other liabilities” and presented the sum as “Other items, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. These changes in presentation in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows have resulted in no change to the previously reported net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in its 2023 Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

On November 27, 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new ASU requires incremental disclosures related to a public entity’s reportable segments but does not change the definition of a segment, the method for determining segments, or the criteria for aggregating operating segments into reportable segments. This new guidance is effective for the Company’s 2024 year-end financial statements, and should be adopted retrospectively unless impracticable. Early adoption is permitted.

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On December 14, 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes Topic (740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new ASU provides more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. This ASU is effective for the Company’s 2024 year-end financial statements.

As the above ASUs relate solely to financial statement disclosures, the adoption of these ASUs will not impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

3. INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND

There has been no change to the Company’s agreement with Solasglas Investments, LP (“SILP” or “Solasglas”) as described in its 2023 Form 10-K.

The Company’s maximum exposure to loss relating to SILP is limited to GLRE's share of Partners’ capital in SILP. At March 31, 2024, GLRE'’s share of Partners’ capital in SILP was $307.1 million (December 31, 2023: $258.9 million), representing 74.2% (December 31, 2023: 72.7%) of SILP’s total net assets. DME II held the remaining 25.8% (December 31, 2023: 27.3%) of SILP’s total net assets.

The Company’s share of the net increase in Partner’s capital for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $18.2 million (three months ended March 31, 2023: decrease of $3.1 million), as shown in the caption “Income (loss) from investment in related party investment fund” in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The summarized financial statements of SILP are presented below.

Summarized Statements of Financial Condition of Solasglas Investments, LP


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Investments, at fair value	$	446,433	$	453,358
Derivative contracts, at fair value	15,609		11,167
Due from brokers	152,611		121,754
Cash and cash equivalents	881		—
Interest and dividends receivable	224		1,143
Total assets	615,758		587,422

Liabilities and partners’ capital
Liabilities
Investments sold short, at fair value	(190,353)		(197,571)
Derivative contracts, at fair value	(9,896)		(12,917)
Capital withdrawals payable	(390)		(1,000)
Due to brokers	—		(17,398)
Interest and dividends payable	(1,234)		(2,315)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(103)		(247)
Total liabilities	(201,976)		(231,448)

Partners' capital	$	413,782	$	355,974

GLRE’s share of Partners' capital	$	307,138	$	258,890

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Summarized Statements of Operations of Solasglas Investments, LP


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Investment income
Dividend income (net of withholding taxes)		$	831	$	627
Interest income		4,352		1,816
Total Investment income		5,183		2,443

Expenses
Management fee		(1,323)		(1,068)
Interest		(1,334)		(1,428)
Dividends		(704)		(419)
Professional fees and other		(324)		(282)
Total expenses		(3,685)		(3,197)

Net investment income (loss)		1,498		(754)

Realized and change in unrealized gains (losses)
Net realized gain (loss)		42,945		(1,760)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)		(16,245)		(1,033)
Net gain (loss) on investment transactions		26,700		(2,793)

Net increase (decrease) in Partners' capital (1)		$	28,198	$	(3,547)

GLRE’s share of the increase (decrease) in Partners' capital		$	18,248	$	(3,138)

(1) The net increase in Partners’ capital is net of management fees and performance allocation presented below:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Management fees		$	1,323	$	1,068
Performance allocation		2,028		—
Total		$	3,351	$	1,068

4. OTHER INVESTMENTS

At March 31, 2024, the breakdown of the Company’s other investments was as follows:


	Cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses		Accrued interest		Fair value / carrying value
Private investments and unlisted equities	$	26,970	$	49,844	$	(5,237)	$	—	$	71,577
Debt and convertible debt securities	2,499		—		(1,510)		90		1,079

Total other investments	$	29,469	$	49,844	$	(6,747)	$	90	$	72,656

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At December 31, 2023, the breakdown of the Company’s other investments was as follows:


	Cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses		Accrued interest		Fair value / carrying value
Private investments and unlisted equities	$	28,470	$	49,424	$	(6,737)	$	—	$	71,157
Debt and convertible debt securities	2,499		—		(499)		136		2,136

Total other investments	$	30,969	$	49,424	$	(7,236)	$	136	$	73,293

The following table presents the carrying values of the private investments and unlisted equity securities carried under the measurement alternative at March 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related adjustments recorded during the periods then ended.


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Carrying value (1)	$	71,577	$	62,684
Upward carrying value changes (2)	$	419	$	—
Downward carrying value changes and impairment (3)	$	(114)	$	(250)

(1) The period-end carrying values reflect cumulative purchases and sales in addition to upward and downward carrying value changes.

(2) The cumulative upward carrying value changes from inception to March 31, 2024, totaled $50.8 million.

(3) The cumulative downward carrying value changes and impairments from inception to March 31, 2024, totaled $2.8 million.

Net investment income

The following table summarizes the change in unrealized gains (losses) and the realized gains (losses) for the Company’s other investments, which are included in “Net investment income” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (see Note 13):


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Gross realized gains		$	—	$	—
Gross realized losses		(1,332)		(800)
Net realized gains (losses)		$	(1,332)	$	(800)
Change in unrealized gains		919		550
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments		$	(413)	$	(250)

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company collected $0.2 million of liquidation proceeds relating to a private investment which was previously fully impaired, resulting in a gross realized loss of $1.3 million offset by a corresponding reduction in unrealized losses of $1.5 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company realized a loss of $0.8 million, and a corresponding reversal of unrealized loss relating to an investment which was previously fully impaired at December 31, 2022, resulting in no impact to the Company’s net income (loss) for the quarter.

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5. RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The following table shows the breakdown of the Company’s restricted cash and cash equivalents, along with a reconciliation of the total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Cash securing trust accounts	$	281,951	$	300,152
Cash securing letters of credit issued	286,381		291,456
Cash securing Loan Facility	10,000		10,000
Other	2,876		3,040
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	581,208		604,648
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598		51,082
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	642,806	$	655,730

Where the Company operates as a non-admitted carrier in certain foreign jurisdictions, regulatory trust accounts and letters of credit are issued to cedents. Additionally, the Company has provided cash collateral for the Loan Facility (see Note 9).

6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held $61.7 million and $61.3 million, respectively, of private investments and unlisted equities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. At March 31, 2024, the Company held $9.9 million (2023: $9.9 million) of private investments and unlisted equities measured at cost. The Company classifies these investments as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy.

The following table summarizes the periods between the most recent fair value measurement dates and March 31, 2024, for the private and unlisted equities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:


	Less than 6 months		6 to 12 months		Over 1 year		Total
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	$	10,433	$	18,552	$	32,724	$	61,709

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis

Derivative financial instruments

The Company uses interest rate swaps in connection with its risk management activities to hedge 50% of the interest rate risk relating to the outstanding Term Loans (see Note 9). The interest rate swaps are carried at fair value and are determined using a market approach valuation technique based on significant observable market inputs from third-party pricing vendors. Accordingly, the interest rates swaps are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. These derivative instruments are not designated as accounting hedges under U.S. GAAP.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized a reduction in unrealized loss for the above derivatives of $0.5 million to $0.1 million, which is included in other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, in interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, and in “net change in unrealized gains and losses on investments and derivatives” in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

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Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Carried, at Fair Value

At March 31, 2024, the carrying value of debt and convertible debt securities within “Other Investments” (see Note 4) and the Term Loans approximates their fair values. The Company classifies these financial instruments as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

7. LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES

The Company’s loss and loss adjustment expense (“LAE”) reserves were composed of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Case reserves	$	192,063	$	189,050
IBNR	538,592		472,504
Total	$	730,655	$	661,554

Reserve Roll-forward

The following provides a summary of changes in outstanding loss and LAE reserves for all lines of business:


Consolidated	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Gross balance at January 1	$	661,554	$	555,468
Less: Losses recoverable	(25,687)		(13,239)
Net balance at January 1	635,867		542,229
Incurred losses related to:
Current year	103,925		84,687
Prior years	5,401		12,038
Total incurred	109,326		96,725
Paid losses related to:
Current year	(3,525)		(5,546)
Prior years	(53,343)		(57,158)
Total paid	(56,868)		(62,704)
Foreign currency revaluation	(2,435)		2,622
Net balance at March 31	685,890		578,872
Add: Losses recoverable (see Note 8)	44,765		16,927
Gross balance at March 31	$	730,655	$	595,799

Estimates for Significant Catastrophe Events

At March 31, 2024, the Company’s net reserves for losses and loss expenses include estimated amounts for several catastrophe and weather-related events (“CAT loss”). The magnitude and volume of losses arising from these events is inherently uncertain and, consequently, actual losses for these events may ultimately differ, potentially materially, from current estimates.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized CAT loss, net of reinsurance, of $12.4 million for current year CAT loss events, driven mainly by the Baltimore bridge collapse and satellite failures. Additionally, the Company incurred $4.9 million of net adverse prior year CAT loss development relating primarily to a Mexican state-owned oil platform fire (2023 underwriting year), Hurricane Otis (2023 underwriting year) and homeowners’ property (mostly 2022 underwriting year).

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recognized CAT loss, net of reinsurance, of $6.2 million for current year CAT loss events, driven mainly by the Turkey earthquake, the New Zealand Cyclone Gabrielle and the U.S.

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convective storms that occurred during the quarter, coupled with adverse prior year CAT development of $4.1 million relating to the 2022 Winter Storm Elliott.

Prior Year Reserve Development

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company experienced $5.4 million in net adverse development on prior year loss and LAE reserves. This was comprised of $10.5 million of reserve strengthening predominantly for the above prior year CAT loss events, coupled with additional losses reported on general liability contracts (mostly 2015-2017 underwriting years) due to current economic and social inflation trends. The reserve increases were partially offset by $5.1 million favorable loss development predominantly from FAL and other specialty business (2022 and 2023 underwriting years).

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company experienced $12.0 million in net adverse development on prior year loss and LAE reserves. This was comprised of $13.9 million of reserve strengthening on casualty contracts due to current economic and social inflation trends (mostly 2019 and 2021 underwriting years), as well as on homeowners’ business primary due to the deterioration in the CAT loss estimate relating to Winter Storm Elliott (2022 underwriting year). This was partially offset by $1.9 million better than expected loss emergence for other lines of business (mostly 2021 and 2022 underwriting years).

8. RETROCESSION

From time to time, the Company purchases retrocessional coverage for one or more of the following reasons: to manage its overall exposure, reduce its net liability on individual risks, obtain additional underwriting capacity, and balance its underwriting portfolio. The Company records loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable from retrocessionaires as assets.

The following table provides a breakdown of ceded reinsurance:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Gross ceded premiums	$	23,181	$	11,212
Earned ceded premiums	$	15,242	$	8,581
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ceded	$	23,076	$	6,171

Retrocession contracts do not relieve the Company from its obligations to its cedents. Failure of retrocessionaires to honor their obligations could result in losses to the Company. The following table shows a breakdown of losses recoverable on a gross and net of collateral basis:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross		Net of Collateral(1)		Gross		Net of Collateral(1)
A- or better by A.M. Best	$	28,232	$	28,232	$	8,767	$	8,767
Not rated	17,234		762		17,407		2,432
Total before provision	45,466		$	28,994	$	26,174	$	11,199
Provision for credit losses	(701)				(487)
Total loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net	$	44,765			$	25,687

(1) Collateral is in the form of cash, letters of credit, funds withheld, and/or cash collateral held in trust accounts. This excludes any excess collateral in order to disclose the aggregate net exposure for each retrocessionaire.

At March 31, 2024, we had 2 reinsurers (December 31, 2023: 3) that accounted for 10% or more of the total loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net, for an aggregate gross amount of $14.7 million (December 31, 2023: $20.4 million).

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9. DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES

Debt Obligations

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding debt obligations.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Term loans	$	73,125	$	74,062
Accrued interest payable	47		—
Less: deferred financing costs	(706)		(781)
Total debt	$	72,466	$	73,281

Credit Facilities

At March 31, 2024, the Company had the following letter of credit (“LOC”) facilities:


	Capacity		LOCs issued		Termination Date
Citibank Europe plc ("Citi LOC")1	$	289,000	$	247,174	August 20, 2024
CIBC Bank USA ("CIBC LOC")	200,000		39,163		December 21, 2024
	$	489,000	$	286,337

1) Includes $14 million of uncommitted capacity.

The above LOCs issued are cash collateralized (see Note 5). The LOC facilities are subject to various customary affirmative, negative and financial covenants. At March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all LOC facilities covenants.

On April 12, 2024, the Company received written notice from Citibank Europe plc (“Citi”) of its decision to terminate the $275 million committed capacity under the Citi LOC agreement, with an effective date of August 20, 2024. However, Citi informed the Company that it intends to continue providing the Citi LOC on an uncommitted basis for the foreseeable future following the termination date.

10. SHARE CAPITAL

Ordinary Shares

The following table is a summary of changes in ordinary shares issued and outstanding for the three months ended March 31:



	2024	2023
	Ordinary		Ordinary	Class A	Class B
Balance – beginning of period	35,336,732		—	28,569,346	6,254,715
Issue of shares, net of forfeitures	(15,588)		—	438,617	—



Balance – end of period	35,321,144		—	29,007,963	6,254,715

The Company’s authorized share capital is 125,000,000 ordinary shares, par value of $0.10 per share.

On July 25, 2023, at the Company’s Annual General Meeting the shareholders approved the re-designation of Class B ordinary shares as Class A ordinary shares, and then reclassified Class A ordinary shares as “ordinary shares”, resulting in the elimination of the dual-class share structure.

At March 31, 2024, the Company has an effective Form S-3 registration statement on file with the SEC for an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million in securities.

Share Repurchase Plan

On May 3, 2024, the Board of Directors re-approved the share repurchase plan, until June 30, 2025, authorizing the Company to repurchase up to $25.0 million of ordinary shares or securities convertible into ordinary shares in the open market,

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through privately negotiated transactions or Rule 10b5-1 stock trading plans. Any shares repurchased are canceled immediately upon repurchase. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there was no repurchase of ordinary shares.

Preferred Shares

The Company’s authorized share capital also consists of 50,000,000 preference shares with a par value of $0.10 each. At March 31, 2024, the Company has no issued and outstanding preferred shares.

11. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Refer to Note 11 of the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements of its 2023 Form 10-K for a summary of the Company’s 2023 Incentive Plan, including the definition of performance-based and service-based stock awards.

Employee and Director Restricted Shares

The following table summarizes the activity for unvested outstanding restricted share awards (“RSs”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Performance Restricted Shares			Service Restricted Shares
	Number of non-vested restricted shares	Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of non-vested restricted shares	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at December 31, 2022	794,362	$	7.62	832,896	$	7.76
Granted	357,766	9.85		152,001	9.85
Vested	—	—		(256,243)	6.75
Forfeited	(99,428)	9.62		(49,417)	8.64
Balance at March 31, 2023	1,052,700	$	8.19	679,237	$	8.54

Balance at December 31, 2023	1,042,688	$	9.94	419,604	$	9.18
Granted	—	—		—	—
Vested	—	—		(217,522)	8.78
Forfeited	(89,945)	10.84		—	—
Balance at March 31, 2024	952,743	$	9.86	202,082	$	9.61

At March 31, 2024, 2,914,198 (December 31, 2023: 3,296,771) ordinary shares remained available for future issuance under the Company’s 2023 Incentive Plan.

There was no grant of RSs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (2023: 509,767). For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the total fair value of Service RSs vested was $1.9 million (2023: $1.7 million).

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Employee Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes the activity for unvested outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Performance			Service
	Number of non-vested RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of non-vested RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at December 31, 2022	105,008	$	6.82	172,952	$	7.58
Granted	71,121	9.85		42,811	9.85
Vested	—	—		(77,695)	6.74
Forfeited	—	—		(1,788)	7.82
Balance at March 31, 2023	176,129	$	8.04	136,280	$	8.76

Balance at December 31, 2023	154,445	$	8.03	110,425	$	8.78
Granted	258,148	11.85		124,425	11.85
Vested	—	—		(74,357)	8.84
Forfeited	—	—		—	—
Balance at March 31, 2024	412,593	$	10.42	160,493	$	11.14

For the awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Service RSUs vest evenly over three years on January 1, subject to the grantee’s continued service with the Company. If performance goals are achieved, the Performance RSUs will cliff vest at the end of a three-year performance period within a range of 50% and 200% of the awarded Performance RSUs, with a target of 100%.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the total fair value of Service RSUs vested was $0.7 million (2023: $0.5 million).

Employee and Director Stock Options

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, 250,000 ordinary share purchase options were granted to the Company’s CEO, pursuant to his employment contract. These options vest 50,000 annually and expire in 10 years from the grant date. The grant date fair value of these options was $4.31 per share, based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following inputs were used in this pricing model:



Expected volatility	36.4		%
Expected term (in years)	5
Expected dividend yield	—		%
Risk-free interest rate	3.9		%
Stock price at grant date	$	11.20

Stock Compensation Expense

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded $1.3 million and $1.0 million of total stock compensation expense (net of forfeitures), respectively. The stock compensation expense is included in “General and administrative expenses” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Forfeiture recoveries were immaterial for both periods.

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12. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table reconciles net income and weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Numerator for EPS
Net income - basic	$	27,019	$	5,887
Add: interest on convertible notes	—		776
Less: gain on repurchase of convertible notes	—		(265)
Net income - diluted	$	27,019	$	6,398

Denominator for EPS
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	34,272,230		34,059,185
Effect of dilutive employee and director share-based awards	381,151		341,263
Shares potentially issuable in connection with convertible notes	—		3,831,159
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	34,653,381		38,231,607
Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding	902,140		690,337



EPS:
Basic	$	0.79	$	0.17
Diluted	$	0.78	$	0.17

13. NET INVESTMENT INCOME

The following table provides a breakdown of net investment income:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Interest and dividend income, net of withholding taxes and other expenses	$	8,556	$	8,628
Net realized and unrealized gains on other investments (see Note 4)	(413)		(250)
Net investment-related income	8,143		8,378
Share of Solasglas' net income (see Note 3)	18,248		(3,138)
Total investment income	$	26,391	$	5,240

14. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Investment Advisory Agreement

There has been no change to the Company’s agreement with SILP as described in its 2023 Form 10-K. Refer to Note 3 for a breakdown of management fees and performance fees for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

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Green Brick Partners, Inc.

David Einhorn also serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Green Brick Partners, Inc. (“GRBK”), a publicly-traded company. At March 31, 2024, SILP, along with certain affiliates of DME Advisors, collectively owned 25.2% of the issued and outstanding common shares of GRBK. Under applicable securities laws, DME Advisors may sometimes be limited in its ability to trade GRBK shares held in SILP. At March 31, 2024, SILP held 1.8 million shares of GRBK.

Service Agreement

The Company has entered into a service agreement with DME Advisors, pursuant to which DME Advisors provides certain investor relations services to the Company for compensation of five thousand dollars per month (plus expenses). The agreement automatically renews annually until terminated by either the Company or DME Advisors for any reason with 30 days prior written notice to the other party.

Collateral Assets Investment Management Agreement

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company (and its subsidiaries) entered into a collateral assets investment management agreement (the “CMA”) with DME Advisors, pursuant to which DME Advisors manages certain assets of the Company that are not subject to the SILP LPA and are held by the Company to provide collateral required by the cedents in the form of trust accounts and letters of credit. In accordance with the CMA, DME Advisors receives no fees and is required to comply with the collateral investment guidelines. The CMA can be terminated by any of the parties upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the other parties.

15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

a) Concentration of Credit Risk

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company monitors its concentration of credit risk with financial institutions and limits acceptable counterparties based on current rating, outlook and other relevant factors.

Investments

The Company’s credit risk exposure to private debt and convertible debt securities within its “Other investments” are immaterial (see Note 4).

Reinsurance balances receivable, net

The following table shows the breakdown of reinsurance balances receivable:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Amount		%		Amount		%
Premiums receivable	$	241,910	34.9	%	$	186,940	30.2	%

Funds withheld:
Funds held by cedants	48,148		7.0	%	50,075		8.1	%
Premiums held by Lloyds' syndicates	293,533		42.3	%	264,278		42.7	%
Funds at Lloyd’s	107,681		15.5	%	115,772		18.6	%

Profit commission receivable	3,060		0.4	%	2,302		0.4	%

Deposit assets	275		—	%	888		0.1	%
Total before provision	694,607		100.1	%	620,255		100.1	%
Provision for expected credit losses	(865)		(0.1)	%	(854)		(0.1)	%
Reinsurance balances receivable, net	$	693,742	100.0	%	$	619,401	100.0	%

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The Company has posted deposits at Lloyd’s to support underwriting capacity for certain syndicates, including Syndicate 3456. Lloyd’s has a credit rating of “A” (Excellent) from A.M. Best.

Premiums receivable includes a significant portion of estimated premiums not yet due. Brokers and other intermediaries are responsible for collecting premiums from customers on the Company’s behalf. The Company monitors its concentration of credit risks from brokers. The diversity in the Company’s client base limits credit risk associated with premiums receivable and funds (premiums) held by cedents. Further, under the reinsurance contracts the Company has contractual rights to offset premium balances receivable and funds held by cedants against corresponding payments for losses and loss expenses.

Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net

The Company regularly evaluates its net credit exposure to the retrocessionaires and their abilities to honor their respective obligations. See Note 8 for analysis of concentration of credit risk relating to retrocessionaires.

b) Lease Obligations

There has been no material change to the Company’s operating lease agreements as described in its 2023 Form 10-K.

c) Litigation

From time to time, in the ordinary course of business, the Company may be involved in formal and informal dispute resolution procedures, which may include arbitration or litigation. The outcomes of these procedures determine the rights and obligations under the Company’s reinsurance contracts and other contractual agreements. In some disputes, the Company may seek to enforce its rights under an agreement or collect funds owed. In other matters, the Company may resist attempts by others to collect funds or enforce alleged rights. While the Company cannot predict the outcome of legal disputes with certainty, the Company does not believe that any existing dispute, when finally resolved, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, or operating results.

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16. SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company has one operating segment: Property & Casualty Reinsurance.

The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross premiums written by line and class of business, and by geographic area of risks insured for the periods indicated:

Gross Premiums Written by Line of Business


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
Property
Commercial			$	18,166	8.4	%	$	14,691	7.9	%
Motor			62		—		232		0.1
Personal			6,948		3.2		15,637		8.4
Total Property			25,176		11.6		30,560		16.4

Casualty
General Liability			21,657		10.0		20,559		11.0
Motor Liability			6,018		2.8		5,599		3.0
Professional Liability			567		0.3		3,647		2.0
Workers' Compensation			3,420		1.6		3,159		1.7
Multi-line			75,127		34.5		54,160		29.0
Total Casualty			106,789		49.2		87,124		46.7

Other
Accident & Health			931		0.4		2,476		1.3
Financial			20,199		9.3		22,497		12.1
Marine			19,563		9.0		12,140		6.5
Other Specialty			44,600		20.5		31,658		17.0
Total Other			85,293		39.2		68,771		36.9
			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

(1) During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company reclassified certain reinsurance contracts within Property, Casualty and Other resulting in a presentation change to the previously reported gross premiums written for the three months ended March 31, 2023, to conform with the revised presentation. This resulted in reclassifying $8.1 million from Casualty (mostly multi-line class), and $7.9 million to Other (mostly marine and other specialty classes) and $0.2 million to Property for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Gross Premiums Written by Geographic Area of Risks Insured


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023
U.S. and Caribbean			$	57,374	26.4	%	$	69,852	37.5	%
Worldwide (1)			144,309		66.4		106,262		57.0
Europe			4,488		2.1		3,427		1.8
Asia			11,087		5.1		6,914		3.7
			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

(1) “Worldwide” is composed of contracts that reinsure risks in more than one geographic area and may include risks in the U.S.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

References to “we,” “us,” “our,” “our company,” or “the Company” refer to Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (“GLRE”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries unless the context dictates otherwise. See Item 1, Note 1 of the financial statements for list of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, which appear in our 2023 Form 10-K.

The following is management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 and the Company’s financial condition at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (herein referred as “Q1 2024 Financials”).

All amounts are reported in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. Tabular dollars are presented in thousands, with the exception of per share amounts or as otherwise noted.

Page


Overview			23
Business Overview			23
Outlook and Trends			23
Key Financial Measures and Non-GAAP Measures			24
Consolidated Results of Operations			26
Financial Condition			33
Liquidity and Capital Resources			36
Liquidity			36
Capital Resources			36
Critical Accounting Estimates			37
Recent Accounting Pronouncements			37

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Overview

Business Overview

We are a global specialty property and casualty reinsurer headquartered in the Cayman Islands, with an underwriting and investment strategy that we believe differentiates us from most of our competitors. Our goal is to build long-term shareholder value by providing risk management solutions to the insurance, reinsurance, and other risk marketplaces.

We earned net income of $27.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $21.1 million, or 359% over the same period in the prior year, principally due to stronger performance from our investment in SILP and to a lesser extent improved underwriting performance despite higher CAT losses.

The following is a summary of our financial performance for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023:

•Gross premiums written was $217.3 million, an increase of 16.5%;

•Net premiums earned was $161.5 million, an increase of 13.2%;

•Net underwriting income (1) was $3.4 million, compared to $0.4 million;

•Total investment income was $26.4 million, an increase of 403.6% (including 5.2% net return from our investment in SILP, compared to a loss of 1.1%);

•Diluted EPS was $0.78, compared to $0.17; and

•Fully diluted book value per share(1) was $17.39, an increase of 3.9%.

(1) See “Key Financial Measures and Non-GAAP Measures” section of this MD&A.

Outlook and Trends

Further to increasing competition in the market at the January 1, 2024 renewal season, we have continued to see higher levels of competition in the market in most classes of business throughout the first quarter. Most notably at the April 1 renewals, we observed an increase in capacity related to property catastrophe and specialty classes. Specific to Japanese property renewals, the pricing was impacted by the devaluation of the Japanese Yen over the trailing 12 months. We have seen market conditions stabilize relative to prior year, but continue to view the property and specialty market as attractive.

Market headline catastrophic events occurring in the first quarter of 2024 include the January 1 Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan and the March 26 collapse of the Francis Scott Key bridge in Baltimore, Maryland. The Japan earthquake event is anticipated to result in minimal losses ceded to the reinsurance market, and market conditions at the April 1 renewal reflected this, with risk adjusted rates modestly down and little evidence of supply constraints. Conversely, market sources are indicating that the Baltimore bridge collapse might be among the largest-ever Marine industry losses. As a result we expect the Marine & Energy reinsurance market to continue experiencing favorable pricing conditions.

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Key Financial Measures and Non-GAAP Measures

There have been no changes to our key financial measures, including non-GAAP financial measures, as described in the MD&A of our 2023 Form 10-K.

Fully Diluted Book Value Per Share

The following table presents a reconciliation of the fully diluted book value per share to basic book value per share (the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure):


	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023			September 30, 2023			June 30, 2023			March 31, 2023
Numerator for basic and fully diluted book value per share:
Total equity as reported under U.S. GAAP	$	624,458		$	596,095		$	575,865		$	561,121		$	510,041


Denominator for basic and fully diluted book value per share:
Ordinary shares issued and outstanding as reported and denominator for basic book value per share	35,321,144			35,336,732			35,337,407			35,272,013			35,262,678
Add: In-the-money stock options (1) and all outstanding RSUs	585,334			264,870			312,409			312,409			312,409
Denominator for fully diluted book value per share	35,906,478			35,601,602			35,649,816			35,584,422			35,575,087

Basic book value per share	$	17.68		$	16.87		$	16.30		$	15.91		$	14.46
Increase in basic book value per share ($)	$	0.81		$	0.57		$	0.39		$	1.45		$	0.01
Increase in basic book value per share (%)	4.8		%	3.5		%	2.5		%	10.0		%	0.1		%

Fully diluted book value per share	$	17.39		$	16.74		$	16.15		$	15.77		$	14.34
Increase in fully diluted book value per share ($)	$	0.65		$	0.59		$	0.38		$	1.43		$	0.01
Increase in fully diluted book value per share (%)	3.9		%	3.7		%	2.4		%	10.0		%	0.1		%

(1) Assuming net exercise by the grantee.

The above comparative prior quarters have been restated to conform with the revised calculation for basic and fully diluted book value per share as described in the MD&A of our 2023 Form 10-K.

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Net Underwriting Income (Loss)

The reconciliations of net underwriting income (loss) to income (loss) before income taxes (the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure) on a consolidated basis are shown below:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Income before income tax		$	27,538	$	5,941
Add (subtract):
Total investment income		(26,391)		(5,240)
Foreign exchange losses (gains)		1,649		(4,931)
Other non-underwriting income		(5,035)		(2,166)
Corporate expenses		4,375		5,997
Interest expense		1,249		776
Net underwriting income		$	3,385	$	377

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Consolidated Results of Operations

The table below summarizes our consolidated operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:



	2024			2023
Underwriting revenue
Gross premiums written	$	217,258		$	186,455
Gross premiums ceded	(23,181)			(11,212)
Net premiums written	194,077			175,243
Change in net unearned premium reserves	(32,541)			(32,594)
Net premiums earned	$	161,536		$	142,649
Underwriting related expenses
Net loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred:
Current year	$	103,925		$	84,687
Prior year (1)	5,401			12,038
Net loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred	109,326			96,725
Acquisition costs	41,610			41,476
Underwriting expenses	6,339			3,939
Deposit interest expense	876			132
Net underwriting income (2)	$	3,385		$	377

Income (loss) from investment in Solasglas	$	18,248		$	(3,138)
Net investment income	8,143			8,378
Total investment income	$	26,391		$	5,240

Corporate expenses	$	4,375		$	5,997
Foreign exchange losses (gains)	1,649			(4,931)
Other income, net	(5,035)			(2,166)
Interest expense	1,249			776
Income tax expense	519			54
Net income	$	27,019		$	5,887

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.79		$	0.17
Diluted	$	0.78		$	0.17

Underwriting ratios:
Loss ratio - current year	64.4		%	59.4		%
Loss ratio - prior year	3.3		%	8.4		%
Loss ratio	67.7		%	67.8		%
Acquisition cost ratio	25.8		%	29.1		%
Composite ratio	93.5		%	96.9		%
Underwriting expense ratio	4.5		%	2.9		%
Combined ratio	98.0		%	99.8		%

1 The net financial impacts associated with changes in the estimate of losses incurred in prior years, which incorporate earned reinstatement premiums assumed and ceded, adjustments to assumed and ceded acquisition costs, and deposit interest expense, were a loss of $5.4 million and $12.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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2 Net underwriting income (loss) is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “ Key Financial Measures and Non-GAAP Measures” above for discussion and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures.

The following provides further details on the significant variances for the first quarter 2024 (“Q1 2024”) compared to same quarter in 2023 (“Q1 2023”).

Overview

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the fully diluted book value per share increased by $0.65 per share, or 3.9%, to $17.39 per share from $16.74 per share at December 31, 2023. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, basic book value per share increased by $0.81 per share, or 4.8%, to $17.68 per share from $16.87 per share at December 31, 2023.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, our net income was $27.0 million, compared to net income of $5.9 million reported for the equivalent 2023 period.

The developments that most significantly affected our financial performance during Q1 2024, compared to the equivalent 2023 period, are summarized below:

•Underwriting income: Increased by $3.0 million primarily driven by 1.8 percentage points improvement in our combined ratio due to lower adverse prior year loss development and acquisition costs, offset partially by an increase in underwriting costs. Current year CAT losses contributed 7.7% to our combined ratio, compared to 4.3% in Q1 2023. For further information on CAT losses and prior year loss development, refer to Note 7 - Loss and Loss Ad justment Expense Reserves of the Q1 2024 Financials.

•Investment income: Increased by $21.2 million primarily driven by stronger results from SILP. Our investment in SILP reported a gain of $18.2 million during Q1 2024, compared to a loss of $3.1 million during the equivalent period in 2023. SILP generated a net return of 5.2% for Q1 2024.

•Corporate expense: Decreased by $1.6 million mainly due to non-recurring severance costs included in Q1 2023 and lower outside legal costs following the hiring of our new General Counsel in April 2023.

•Foreign exchange gains (losses): $1.6 million foreign exchange losses for Q1 2024, compared to $4.9 million foreign exchange gains in Q1 2023, driven mainly by the reversal of the pound sterling movement against the U.S. dollar; and

•Other income, net: Increased by $2.9 million due to stronger investment income on funds withheld by third party Lloyd’s syndicates, reported on a quarterly lag basis.

Underwriting Results by Segment

The following provides a further discussion of our underwriting results for our Property & Casualty (Re)insurance operating segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Gross Premiums Written

Details of gross premiums written are provided in the following table:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
Property			$	25,176	11.6	%	$	30,560	16.4	%
Casualty			106,789		49.2		87,124		46.7
Other			85,293		39.3		68,771		36.9
Total			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

(1) As a result of the reclassification of certain treaties within the lines of business (see Note 16 of the Q1 2024 Financials), the gross premiums written for Property, Casualty, and Other were restated accordingly. However, there was no change to the Total gross premiums written.

As a result of our underwriting philosophy, the total premiums we write and the mix of premiums between property,

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casualty, and other business, may vary significantly from period to period depending on the market opportunities we identify.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, our gross premiums written increased by $30.8 million, or 16.5%, compared to the equivalent 2023 period. The following table provides a further analysis of this overall increase:

Gross Premiums Written

Three months ended March 31, 2024

Increase (decrease)
($ in millions)

% change

Explanation

Property

$(5.4)

(17.6)%

The decrease was driven predominantly by the non-renewal of a homeowner treaty within Personal class in order to reduce our exposure to U.S. severe convective storms. This was offset partially by growth in the Commercial class driven by new business. This resulted in a change in business mix for Property, with Commercial and Personal accounting for 72% and 28%, respectively, of total Property compared to 48% and 51%, respectively, for the same quarter in 2023.

Casualty

$19.7

22.6%

The increase was driven predominantly from new quota share business in 2023 and 2024 within our Syndicate 3456, which is included in our Multi-line class. This was partially offset by lower renewals in our Professional class.

As a result, the business mix within our Casualty line of business has changed with General Liability and Multi-line classes accounting for 20% and 70% of total Casualty, respectively, compared to 24% and 62% in same period in 2023.

Other

$16.5

24.0%

The increase was driven mainly from new business in our Marine and Energy class, including Lloyd’s whole account excess of loss treaties, offset partially by lower premiums written within Financial relating to Mortgage business.

Premiums Ceded

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, premiums ceded were $23.2 million, or 10.7% of gross premiums written, compared to $11.2 million, or 6.0% of gross premiums written, for the same quarter in 2023. The increase was primarily due to the purchase of an additional reinsurance coverage to reduce our overall exposure to Marine and Energy class in light of recent growth in this class of business, coupled with an increase in quota share retrocessions for Other Specialty business due to growth from inward premiums.

Net Premiums Written

Details of net premiums written are provided in the following table:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
Property			$	21,204	10.9	%	$	26,193	14.9	%
Casualty			99,450		51.3		87,196		49.8
Other			73,423		37.8		61,854		35.3
Total			$	194,077	100.0	%	$	175,243	100.0	%

(1) As a result of the reclassification of certain treaties within the lines of business (see Note 16), the net premiums written for Property, Casualty, and Other were restated accordingly. However, there was no change to the Total net premiums written.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 net premiums written increased by $18.8 million, or 10.7%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The movement in net premiums written resulted from the changes in gross premiums written and ceded during the periods as previously noted.

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Net Premiums Earned

Details of net premiums earned are provided in the following table:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
Property			$	23,357	14.5	%	$	18,767	13.1	%
Casualty			94,638		58.6		82,536		59.0
Other			43,541		27.0		41,346		27.9
Total			$	161,536	100.0	%	$	142,649	100.0	%

(1) As a result of the reclassification of certain treaties within the lines of business (see Note 16), the net premiums earned for Property, Casualty, and Other were restated accordingly. However, there was no change to the Total net premiums earned.

Net premiums earned for the three months ended March 31, 2024, increased by $18.9 million or 13.2%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The change in net premiums earned is primarily a function of the amount and timing of net premiums written during the current and prior periods, coupled by the mix of business written in the form of excess of loss versus proportional contracts.

Loss and LAE Incurred, Net

The components of the loss ratio were as follows:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023		Increase / (decrease) in loss ratio points
Current accident year loss ratio		64.4	%	59.4	%	5.0
Prior year reserve development ratio		3.3	%	8.4	%	(5.1)
Loss ratio		67.7	%	67.8	%	(0.1)

Current accident year loss ratio increased by 5.0 points for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same quarter in 2023 driven by higher CAT losses in 2024, including $10.0 million for the Baltimore bridge loss event, net of $13.5 million loss recoveries.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we had prior year adverse loss development of 3.3%, compared to 8.4% for the same quarter in 2023. Refer to Note 7 for further details on prior year developments.

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Details of net losses incurred by line of business are provided in the following table:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
	($ in thousands)
Property			$	11,978	10.9	%	$	17,530	18.0	%
Casualty			60,017		55.0		60,360		63.2
Other			37,331		34.1		18,835		18.8
Total			$	109,326	100.0	%	$	96,725	100.0	%

(1) As a result of the reclassification of certain treaties within the lines of business (see Note 16), the net losses incurred for Property, Casualty, and Other were restated accordingly. However, there was no change to the Total net losses incurred.

The below table summarizes the loss ratios by line of business:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023 (1)		Increase / (decrease) in loss ratio points
Property		51.3	%	93.4	%	(42.1)
Casualty		63.4		73.1		(9.7)
Other		85.7		45.6		40.1
Total		67.7	%	67.8	%	(0.1)

(1) As a result of the reclassification of certain treaties within the lines of business (see Note 16 ), the loss ratios for Property and Casualty were restated accordingly. However, there was no change to the Total loss ratios.

The following provides further details on the change in Q1 2024 vs. Q1 2023.

Net Losses Incurred

Three months ended March 31, 2024

Increase (decrease)
($ in millions)

Increase / (decrease) in loss ratio points

Property

$(5.6)

(42.1)

Despite the 24.6% increase in net premiums earned, our net losses incurred and loss ratio for Property decreased primarily due to higher CAT losses in Q1 2023 from the severe convective storms in the U.S., partially offset by an increase in prior year adverse attritional loss development in Q1 2024 relating mainly to a homeowners program.

Casualty

$(1.0)

(9.7)

Despite the 12.5% increase in net premiums earned, our net losses incurred decreased mainly due to lower prior year adverse loss development in our professional liability, motor, and workers’ compensation exposures. However, this was partially offset by an increase in prior year adverse loss development in our general liability business in Q1 2024.

Other

$19.2

40.1

The increase in losses incurred and loss ratio is predominantly due to current year CAT losses from the Baltimore bridge collapse and satellite failures. Additionally, in Q1 2024 we had prior year adverse loss development compared to favorable loss development in Q1 2023 for Other, which contributed 5.8 loss ratio points.

The prior year adverse loss development in Q1 2024 was mainly related to the Mexican state-owned oil platform fire (2023 underwriting year).

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Acquisition Costs, Net

Our total acquisition cost increased by 0.3% to $41.6 million, compared to Q1 2023, mainly due to growth in net premiums earned offset partially by lower commissions from excess of loss contracts compared to proportional treaties. The acquisition cost ratios by line of business were as follows:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023 (1)		Increase / (decrease) in acquisition cost ratio points
Property		19.7	%	19.6	%	0.1	%
Casualty		27.6		30.7		(3.1)
Other		25.0		30.2		(5.2)
Total		25.8	%	29.1	%	(3.3)	%

(1) As a result of the reclassification of certain treaties within the lines of business (see Note 16), the acquisition cost ratios for Property, Casualty, and Other were restated accordingly. However, there was no change to the Total acquisition cost ratio.

The following provides further details on the change in Q1 2024 vs. Q1 2023.


Change in Acquisition Cost Ratios
Three months ended March 31, 2024
	Increase / (decrease) in acquisition cost ratio points	Explanation
Property	0.1	No significant change.
Casualty	(3.1)	The decrease was driven primarily by change in business mix, particularly due to an increase in net premiums earned from general liability and a decrease from multi-line business within Casualty. The multi-line class (including FAL) has a higher ceding commission.
Other	(5.2)	The decrease was driven primarily by change in business mix, in which we had lower net premiums earned from the Financial class at higher acquisition costs offset by higher net premiums earned from Other Specialty class at lower acquisition costs. Excess of loss contracts accounted for 30% of the net premiums earned for Other Specialty class in Q1 2024, compared to 28% in Q1 2023.

Ratio Analysis

The following table provides our underwriting ratios by line of business for the respective periods:


	Three months ended March 31								Three months ended March 31
	2024								2023
	Property		Casualty		Other		Total		Property		Casualty		Other		Total

Loss ratio	51.3	%	63.4	%	85.7	%	67.7	%	93.4	%	73.1	%	45.6	%	67.8	%
Acquisition cost ratio	19.7		27.6		25.0		25.8		19.6		30.7		30.2		29.1
Composite ratio	71.0	%	91.0	%	110.7	%	93.5	%	113.0	%	103.8	%	75.8	%	96.9	%
Underwriting expense ratio							4.5								2.9
Combined ratio							98.0	%							99.8	%

Our combined ratio improved by 1.8 percentage points in the current quarter compared to Q1 2023 predominantly due to lower acquisition costs ratio; partially offset by an increase in underwriting expense ratio (see G&A Expenses below for further details).

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General and Administrative (“G&A”) Expenses

The breakdown of our G&A expenses between underwriting and corporate functions was as follows:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Underwriting expenses		$	6,339	$	3,939
Corporate expenses		4,375		5,997
General and administrative expenses		$	10,714	$	9,936

G&A increased by 7.8% in the current quarter, compared to Q1 2023. The increase was driven by:

•Underwriting expenses: Increased by $2.4 million or 60.9%, predominantly due to an increase in headcount to drive business growth, coupled with an increase in professional fees and outsourced services relating to underwriting activities. As a result, our underwriting expense ratio increased by 1.6 percentage points in the current quarter compared to Q1 2023.

•Corporate expenses: Decreased by $1.6 million or 27.0%, driven mainly by non-recurring severance costs included in Q1 2023 and lower outside legal costs following the hiring of our new General Counsel in April 2023.

Total Investment Income

A summary of our total investment income is as follows:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Interest and dividend income, net of withholding taxes and other expenses		$	8,556	$	8,628
Net realized and unrealized gains on other investments (see Note 4)		(413)		(250)
Net investment-related income		$	8,143	$	8,378
Share of Solasglas' net income (see Note 3)		18,248		(3,138)
Total investment income		$	26,391	$	5,240

Net investment-related income

Our net investment-related income decreased marginally compared to Q1 2023, driven mostly by an impairment charge relating to our Innovations-related investments.

Share of Solasglas’ net income

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, Solasglas reported a gain of 5.2%, compared to a loss of 1.1% for the same quarter in 2023. The following table provides a breakdown of the gross and net investment return.


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Long portfolio gains (losses)		4.4	%	8.9	%
Short portfolio gains (losses)		0.0		(9.0)
Macro gains (losses)		1.8		(0.3)
Other income and expenses 1		(0.5)		(0.7)
Gross investment return		5.7	%	(1.1)	%
Net investment return 1		5.2	%	(1.1)	%

1 “Other income and expenses” excludes performance compensation but includes management fees. “Net investment return” incorporates both of these amounts. For further information about management fees and performance compensation, refer to Note 3.

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For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the significant contributors to SILP’s investment return were long positions in Green Brick Partners (GRBK), Tenet Healthcare (THC), and an S&P 500 / U.S. interest rate derivative position. The largest detractors were long positions in Penn National Gaming (PENN), CONSOL Energy (CEIX), and a single-name short position.

Each month, we post on our website (www.greenlightre.com) the returns from our investment in SILP.

Financial Condition

Investments

The following table provides a breakdown of our total investments:


	March 31
	2024				2023
Investment in related party investment fund (SILP)	$	307,138	80.9	%	$	258,890	78.0	%
Other investments:
Private investments and unlisted equities	71,577		18.8		71,157		21.4
Debt and convertible debt securities	1,079		0.3		2,136		0.6

Total other investments	$	72,656	19.1	%	$	73,293	22.0	%

Total investments	$	379,794	100.0	%	$	332,183	100.0	%

At March 31, 2024, our total investments increased by $47.6 million, or 14.3%, to $379.8 million from December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by $30.0 million of additional contributions into SILP, coupled with the net investment return for Q1 2024.

Investments in SILP

DME Advisors reports the composition of SILP’s portfolio on a delta-adjusted basis, which it believes is the appropriate manner to assess the exposure and profile of investments and reflects how it manages the portfolio. An option’s delta is the option price’s sensitivity to the underlying stock (or commodity) price. The delta-adjusted basis is the number of shares or contracts underlying the option multiplied by the delta and the underlying stock (or commodity) price.

The following table represents the composition of SILP’s investments:


	March 31
	2024				2023
	Long %		Short %		Long %		Short %
Equities and related derivatives	83.7		45.6		90.2		53.8
Private and unlisted equity securities	1.8		—		2.0		—
Debt instruments	0.2	%	—		0.3	%	—
Total	85.7	%	45.6	%	92.5	%	53.8	%

The above exposure analysis does not include cash (U.S. dollar and foreign currencies), gold and other commodities, credit default swaps, sovereign debt, foreign currency derivatives, interest rate derivatives, inflation swaps and other macro positions. Under this methodology, a total return swap’s exposure is reported at its full notional amount and options are reported at their delta-adjusted basis. At March 31, 2024, SILP’s exposure to gold on a delta-adjusted basis was 8.7% (Q1 2023: 11.2%).

At March 31, 2024, 95.2% of SILP’s portfolio was valued based on quoted prices in actively traded markets (Level 1), 3.4% was composed of instruments valued based on observable inputs other than quoted prices (Level 2), and a nominal amount was composed of instruments valued based on non-observable inputs (Level 3). At March 31, 2024, 1.4% of SILP’s portfolio consisted of private equity funds valued using the funds’ net asset values as a practical expedient.

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Other Investments

The other investment holdings relate to private investments made by Innovations. During Q1 2024, we made no new private investments compared to $1.1 million in Q1 2023.

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

We use our restricted cash and cash equivalents primarily for funding trusts and letters of credit issued to our ceding insurers. Our restricted cash decreased by $23.4 million, or 3.9%, from $604.6 million at December 31, 2023, to $581.2 million at March 31, 2024, primarily due to release of collateral from our ceding insurers relating to legacy contracts in run-off.

Reinsurance balances receivable

Our reinsurance balances receivable increased by $74.3 million, or 12.0%, to $693.7 million from $619.4 million at December 31, 2023. This increase was driven primarily by the renewal of reinsurance treaties, in addition to new business in Q1 2024.

Loss and LAE Reserves; Loss and LAE Recoverable

Our reserves for loss and LAE by lines of business were as follows:


	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	Case Reserves		IBNR		Total		Case Reserves		IBNR		Total

Property	$	21,302	$	47,212	$	68,514	$	24,181	$	41,056	$	65,237
Casualty	139,602		313,964		453,566		136,713		299,933		436,646
Other	31,159		177,416		208,575		28,156		131,515		159,671
Total	$	192,063	$	538,592	$	730,655	$	189,050	$	472,504	$	661,554

Our total gross loss and LAE reserves increased by $69.1 million, or 10.4%, to $730.7 million from $661.6 million at December 31, 2023. This increase is primarily driven by the increase in earned premium from the renewal of reinsurance and new business, offset partially by paid losses during Q1 2024. See Note 7 “Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves” of the financial statements for a summary of changes in outstanding loss and LAE reserves and a description of prior period loss developments.

Our total loss and LAE recoverable increased by $19.1 million, or 74.3%, to $44.8 million from $25.7 million at December 31, 2023. This increase was driven mainly by the loss recoveries on the Baltimore bridge loss event. See Note 8 “Retrocession” of the financial statements for a description of the credit risk associated with our retrocessionaires.

Probable Maximum Loss (“PML”)

At April 1, 2024, our estimated largest PML at a 1-in-250-year return period for a single event, and in aggregate, was $103.3 million and $111.5 million, respectively, both relating to the peril of North Atlantic Hurricane, compared to $89.7 million and $97.0 million, respectively, at January 1, 2024. We have increased our PMLs in response to favorable market conditions and attractive opportunities, coupled with higher surplus to remain within our risk management appetite.

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The below table contains the expected modeled loss for each of our peak peril regions and sub-regions for both a single event loss and aggregate loss measures at the 1-in-250-year return period.


	April 1, 2024
	Net 1-in-250 Year Return Period
Peril	Single Event Loss		Aggregate Loss
	($ in thousands)
North Atlantic Hurricane	$	103,280	$	111,476
Southeast Hurricane	95,403		95,403
Gulf of Mexico Hurricane	61,386		61,665
Northeast Hurricane	57,095		58,208
North America Earthquake	99,527		101,462
California Earthquake	83,432		88,535
Pacific Northwest Earthquake	53,268		53,268
Other N.A. Earthquake	57,677		57,712
Japan Earthquake	39,161		39,629
Japan Windstorm	22,888		24,387
Europe Windstorm	61,113		64,268

Debt

Our total debt decreased by $0.8 million, or 1.1%, to $72.5 million from $73.3 million at December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 9 “Debt and Credit Facilities” of the financial statements for further information.

Total shareholders’ equity

Total shareholders’ equity increased by $28.4 million to $624.5 million, compared to $596.1 million at December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to the net income of $27.0 million reported for the quarter. For details of other movements in shareholders’ equity, see the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Refer to the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section included in Item 7 of our 2023 Form 10-K for a general discussion of liquidity and capital resources.

Liquidity

The following table summarizes our sources and uses of funds:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Total cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	17,960	$	(1,259)
Investing activities	(29,832)		(22,076)
Financing activities	(938)		(17,085)
Effect of currency exchange on cash(1)	(114)		132
Net cash inflows (outflows)	(12,924)		(40,288)
Cash, beginning of period	655,730		706,548
Cash, end of period	$	642,806	$	666,260

(1) Cash includes unrestricted and restricted cash and cash equivalents - see Note 5 of the financial statements.

Cash provided by operating activities

The increase in cash provided by operating activities was driven mainly by $3.0 million improved underwriting income, coupled with the ebb and flow from our underwriting activities, which may vary significantly from period to period depending on the mix of business, the nature of underwriting opportunities available and volume of claims submitted to us by our cedents.

Cash used in investing activities

The increase in cash used for investing activities was driven mainly by the net change in our investment in SILP where we made a net contribution of $30.0 million during Q1 2024 compared to a net redemption of $21.0 million during Q1 2023. During Q1 2023, we also made $1.1 million additional Innovations-related investments.

Cash used in financing activities

The decrease in cash used in our financing activities was driven mainly by the repurchase of a portion of the outstanding Convertible Notes in Q1 2023. In Q1 2024, we made the quarterly installment on the Term Loans.

Capital Resources

The following table summarizes our capital structure:


	March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Debt	$	73,125		$	74,062
Shareholders’ equity	624,458			596,095
Total capital	$	697,583		$	670,157

Ratio of debt to shareholders’ equity	11.7		%	12.4		%

The debt to shareholders’ equity provides an indication of our leverage and capital structure, along with some insights into our financial strength. In addition to the above capital, we also have LOC facilities to support our reinsurance business operations where we are not licensed or admitted as a reinsurer.

Our total capital increased in Q1 2024 primarily due to net income for the quarter.

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Ordinary Shares

At March 31, 2024, there were 35,321,144 outstanding ordinary shares, a decrease of 15,588 since December 31, 2023, due to forfeited performance restricted shares net of issuance of ordinary shares for vested RSUs.

We did not repurchase any ordinary shares for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

We expect that the existing capital base and internally generated funds will be sufficient to implement our business strategy for the foreseeable future. However, to provide us with flexibility and timely access to public capital markets should we require additional capital for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, or other general corporate purposes, we have filed a Form S-3 registration statement, which expires in July 2024.

Secured LOC Facilities

As disclosed in Note 9 “Debt and Credit Facilities” of Q1 2024 Financials, the $275 million committed capacity under the Citi LOC agreement will terminate on August 20, 2024. However, Citi informed the Company that it intends to continue providing the Citi LOC on an uncommitted basis for the foreseeable future following the termination date.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

At March 31, 2024, our contractual obligations and commitments by period due were as follows:


	Less than 1 year		1-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years		Total

Operating activities
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves (1)	$	347,061	$	231,618	$	86,217	$	65,759	$	730,655
Operating lease obligations	509		1,075		—		—		1,584
Financing activities
Debt (2)	2,813		70,312		—		—		73,125
Total	$	350,383	$	303,005	$	86,217	$	65,759	$	805,364

(1) Due to the nature of our reinsurance operations, the amount and timing of the cash flows associated with our reinsurance contractual liabilities will fluctuate, perhaps materially, and, therefore, are highly uncertain.

(2) See Note 9 “Debt and Credit Facilities” of the financial statements.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our financial statements contain certain amounts that are inherently subjective and have required management to make assumptions and best estimates to determine reported values. If certain factors, including those described in “Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our 2023 Form 10-K, cause actual events or results to differ materially from our underlying assumptions or estimates. In that case, there could be a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity. The most significant estimates relate to: premium revenues and risk transfer, loss and loss adjustment expense reserves, investment impairments, allowances for credit losses, and share-based compensation.

We believe that the critical accounting estimates discussion in “Part II. Item 7. — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results on Operations” of our 2023 Form 10-K continues to describe the significant estimates and judgments included in the preparation of these financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

At March 31, 2024, there were no recently issued accounting pronouncements that we have not yet adopted that we expect could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity. See Note 2 “Significant Accounting Policies” of the Q1 2024 Financials.

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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our financial instruments are subject to a variety of market risks. The term market risk refers to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes from:


•						equity price;
•						commodity price;
•						foreign currency; and
•						interest rate (including credit spreads).

We performed a sensitivity analysis below to estimate the effects that market risk exposure could have on the future earnings, fair values or cash flows of our financial instruments. These represent forward-looking statements of market risk assuming certain adverse market conditions occur. Actual results in the future may differ materially from these projected results due to actual developments in the global financial markets.

Equity Price Risk

At March 31, 2024, our investments consisted primarily of an investment in SILP. Among SILP’s holdings are equity securities, the carrying values of which are based primarily on quoted market prices. Generally, market prices of common equity securities are subject to fluctuation, which could cause the amount to be realized upon closing a position to differ significantly from its current reported value. This risk is partly mitigated by the presence of both long and short equity securities as part of SILP’s investment strategy. At March 31, 2024, a 10% decline in the price of each of the underlying listed equity securities and equity-based derivative instruments would result in a $14.4 million (2023: $8.1 million) unrealized loss in our investment in SILP.

Commodity Price Risk

Generally, market prices of commodities are subject to fluctuation. SILP’s investments periodically include long or short investments in commodities or derivatives directly impacted by fluctuations in the prices of commodities. At March 31, 2024, SILP’s investments incorporate unhedged exposure to changes in gold, copper, uranium, and crude oil prices.

The following table summarizes the net impact that a 10% movement in commodity prices would have on the fair value of SILP’s investment portfolio. The below table excludes the indirect effect that changes in commodity prices might have on equity securities in the SILP’s investment portfolio.


	10% increase in commodity prices		10% decrease in commodity prices
March 31, 2024	($ in millions)
Gold	$	3.3	$	(3.3)
Copper	1.5		(1.3)
Uranium	0.5		(0.5)
Crude oil	1.6		(1.5)
Total	$	6.9	$	(6.6)


	10% increase in commodity prices		10% decrease in commodity prices
December 31, 2023	($ in millions)
Gold	$	3.8	$	(3.8)


Uranium	0.8		(0.8)
Crude oil	1.6		(1.5)
Total	$	6.2	$	(6.1)

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Foreign Currency Risk

Underwriting Related

Certain of our reinsurance contracts are denominated in foreign currencies, whereby premiums are receivable and losses are payable in foreign currencies. Foreign currency exchange rate risk exists to the extent that our foreign currency reinsurance balances are more than (or less than) the corresponding foreign currency cash balances, and there is an increase (or decrease) in the exchange rate of that foreign currency.

While we do not seek to precisely match our liabilities under reinsurance policies that are payable in foreign currencies with investments denominated in such currencies, we continually monitor our exposure to potential foreign currency losses and may use foreign currency cash and cash equivalents or forward foreign currency exchange contracts to mitigate against adverse foreign currency movements.

Certain cedents, particularly the Lloyd’s syndicates, report to us in foreign currencies even though some or all of the underlying exposure is denominated in U.S. dollars. Our condensed consolidated statements of operations may report a foreign exchange gain or loss associated with this exposure when reported by the cedents. Additionally, we may report foreign exchange gains or losses due to the mismatch between the currency exchange rates applied to foreign-denominated (i) monetary balances and (ii) non-monetary balances under U.S. GAAP. See Note 2 of the accompanying financial statements for further information regarding our accounting treatment of foreign currency transactions.

We monitor our foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities on an “underlying exposure” basis without distinguishing between monetary and non-monetary balances.

The following table summarizes the net impact of a hypothetical 10% currency rate movement relating to our primary foreign denominated reinsurance net assets or liabilities (including balances held at Lloyd's):


March 31, 2024	Net Asset (Liability) Exposure		10% increase in currency rate		10% decrease in currency rate
GBP	£	31,671	$	(3,997)	$	3,997
Euro	€	(13,082)	1,412		(1,412)
Total foreign exchange gain (loss)			$	(2,585)	$	2,585


December 31, 2023	Net Asset (Liability) Exposure		10% increase in currency rate		10% decrease in currency rate
GBP	£	25,337	$	(3,228)	$	3,228
Euro	€	(13,975)	1,543		(1,543)
Total foreign exchange gain (loss)			$	(1,685)	$	1,685

Investment in SILP

We may also be exposed to foreign currency risk through SILP’s underlying cash, forwards, options, and investments in securities denominated in foreign currencies. At March 31, 2024, most of SILP’s currency exposures resulting from foreign-denominated securities (longs and shorts) were reduced by offsetting cash balances denominated in the corresponding foreign currencies.

At March 31, 2024 and 2023, a 10% increase or decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies would have no meaningful impact on our investment in SILP.

Interest Rate Risk

The primary market risk exposure for any debt instrument is interest rate risk, including credit spreads. Most of our interest rate risk relates to interest rate derivatives held in SILP, and their value may fluctuate with changes in interest rates.

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At March 31, 2024, our investment in SILP includes interest-rate sensitive securities, such as corporate and sovereign debt instruments and interest rate derivatives. A 100 basis points change (increase or decrease) in interest rates would result in a $14.0 million gain (December 31, 2023: $1.6 million) or a $2.5 million (December 31, 2023: $3.5 million) loss, respectively, to our investment in SILP.

We, along with DME Advisors, monitor the net exposure to interest rate risk and generally do not expect changes in interest rates to have a materially adverse impact on our operations.

Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act, the Company has evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in such rules) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all frauds. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake.

Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based, in part, upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Company continues to review its disclosure controls and procedures, including its internal controls over financial reporting, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that the Company’s systems evolve with its business.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, in the normal course of business, we may be involved in formal and informal dispute resolution procedures, which may include arbitration or litigation, the outcomes of which determine our rights and obligations under our reinsurance contracts and other contractual agreements. In some disputes, we may seek to enforce our rights under an agreement or to collect funds owing to us. In other matters, we may resist attempts by others to collect funds or enforce alleged rights. While the final outcome of legal disputes cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that any of our existing contractual disputes, when finally resolved, will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in this report are any of the risks described in “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our 2023 Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 5, 2024. Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, there have been no other material changes to the risk factors disclosed in “Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our 2023 Form 10-K. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.

Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Our Board has adopted a share repurchase plan. The timing of such repurchases and the actual number of shares repurchased will depend on various factors, including price, market conditions, and applicable regulatory and corporate requirements. On May 3, 2024, our Board of Directors re-approved the share repurchase plan until June 30, 2025, authorizing us to repurchase up to $25.0 million of ordinary shares or securities convertible into ordinary shares in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions or Rule 10b5-1 stock trading plans. Any shares repurchased are canceled immediately upon repurchase. We are not required to repurchase any of the ordinary shares. The repurchase plan may be modified, suspended, or terminated at the election of our Board of Directors at any time without prior notice.

There were no share repurchases made under the plan during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Our directors and executive officers may purchase or sell shares of our ordinary shares in the market from time to time, including pursuant to equity trading plans adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act (“Rule 10b5-1”) and in compliance with guidelines specified by the Company. In accordance with Rule 10b5-1 and our insider trading policy, directors, officers, and certain employees who, at such time, are not in possession of material non-public information about the Company are permitted to enter into written plans that pre-establish amounts, prices and dates (or formula for determining the amounts, prices and dates) of future purchases or sales of the Company’s stock, including shares acquired pursuant to the Company’s equity plans (“Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans”). Under Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan, a broker executes trades pursuant to parameters established by the director or executive officer when entering into the plan, without further direction from them.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we did not have any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 arrangements” (as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K) in place for our directors and officers.

Item 6. EXHIBITS


31.1			Certification of the Chief Executive Officer filed hereunder pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
31.2			Certification of the Chief Financial Officer filed hereunder pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
32.1			Certification of the Chief Executive Officer filed hereunder pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (*)
32.2			Certification of the Chief Financial Officer filed hereunder pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (*)
101			The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2024 formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)


			* Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


			GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.
			(Registrant)
			By:			/s/ GREGORY RICHARDSON
						Gregory Richardson Director and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)
						May 8, 2024

			By:			/s/ FARAMARZ ROMER
						Faramarz Romer Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer)
						May 8, 2024

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

I, Gregory Richardson, certify that:


1.			I have reviewed this quarterly report report on Form 10-Q of Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd.;


2.			Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the periods covered by this report;


3.			Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.			The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.			The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Dated:	May 8, 2024	/s/ GREGORY RICHARDSON
		Gregory Richardson Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER OF

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

I, Faramarz Romer, certify that:


1.			I have reviewed this quarterly report report on Form 10-Q of Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd.;


2.			Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the periods covered by this report;


3.			Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.			The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


5.			The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Dated:	May 8, 2024	/s/ FARAMARZ ROMER
		Faramarz Romer
		Chief Financial Officer
		(principal financial officer)

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

This certification is provided pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and accompanies the quarterly report on Form 10-Q (the "Form 10-Q") for the period ended March 31, 2024 of Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (the "Issuer").

I, Gregory Richardson, the Principal Executive Officer of the Issuer, certify that to the best of my knowledge:

1. The Form 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m(a) or 78o(d)), as amended; and

2. The information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Issuer.


Dated:	May 8, 2024	/s/ GREGORY RICHARDSON
		Gregory Richardson Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER OF

GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.

This certification is provided pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and accompanies the quarterly report on Form 10-Q (the ‘‘Form 10-Q’’) for the period ended March 31, 2024 of Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (the ‘‘Issuer’’).

I, Faramarz Romer, the Principal Financial Officer of the Issuer, certify that to the best of my knowledge:

1. The Form 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m(a) or 78o(d)), as amended; and

2. The information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Issuer.


Dated:	May 8, 2024	/s/ FARAMARZ ROMER
		Faramarz Romer
		Chief Financial Officer
		(principal financial officer)

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	May 03, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-33493
Entity Registrant Name	GREENLIGHT CAPITAL RE, LTD.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	E9
Entity Address, Address Line One	65 Market Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 1207, Jasmine Court
Entity Address, Address Line Three	P.O. Box 31110
Entity Address, City or Town	Camana Bay
Entity Address, Country	KY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	KY1-1205
City Area Code	205
Local Phone Number	291-3440
Title of 12(b) Security	Ordinary Shares
Trading Symbol	GLRE
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		35,321,144
Entity Central Index Key	0001385613
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments
Investment in related party investment fund, at fair value	$ 307,138	$ 258,890
Other investments	72,656	73,293
Total investments	379,794	332,183
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598	51,082
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	581,208	604,648
Reinsurance balances receivable (net of allowance for expected credit losses of 2024: $865 and 2023: $854)	693,742	619,401
Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable (net of allowance for expected credit losses of 2024: $701 and 2023: $487)	44,765	25,687
Deferred acquisition costs	84,891	79,956
Unearned premiums ceded	25,202	17,261
Other assets	5,769	5,089
Total assets	1,876,969	1,735,307
Liabilities
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves	730,655	661,554
Unearned premium reserves	348,631	306,310
Reinsurance balances payable	71,640	68,983
Funds withheld	20,796	17,289
Other liabilities	8,323	11,795
Debt	72,466	73,281
Total liabilities	1,252,511	1,139,212
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 15)
Shareholders' equity
Preferred share capital (par value $0.10; none issued)	0	0
Ordinary share capital (par value $0.10; issued and outstanding, 35,321,144 (2023: par value $0.10; issued and outstanding, 35,336,732)	3,532	3,534
Additional paid-in capital	485,878	484,532
Retained earnings	135,048	108,029
Total shareholders' equity	624,458	596,095
Total liabilities and equity	$ 1,876,969	$ 1,735,307

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for expected credit losses	$ 865	$ 854
Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, allowance	$ 701	$ 487
Preferred share capital, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Preferred share capital, issued (in shares)	0	0
Ordinary share capital, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Ordinary share capital, issued (in shares)	35,321,144	35,336,732
Ordinary share capital, outstanding (in shares)	35,321,144	35,336,732

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenues
Gross premiums written	$ 217,258	$ 186,455
Gross premiums ceded	(23,181)	(11,212)
Net premiums written	194,077	175,243
Change in net unearned premium reserves	(32,541)	(32,594)
Net premiums earned	161,536	142,649
Income (loss) from investment in related party investment fund (net of related party expenses - Note 3)	18,248	(3,138)
Net investment income	8,143	8,378
Foreign exchange gains (losses)	(1,649)	4,931
Other income, net	5,035	2,166
Total revenues	191,313	154,986
Expenses
Net loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred	109,326	96,725
Acquisition costs	41,610	41,476
General and administrative expenses	10,714	9,936
Deposit interest expense	876	132
Interest expense	1,249	776
Total expenses	163,775	149,045
Income before income tax	27,538	5,941
Income tax expense	(519)	(54)
Net income	$ 27,019	$ 5,887
Earnings (loss) per share ("EPS"):
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.79	$ 0.17
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.78	$ 0.17
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the determination of EPS:
Basic (in shares)	34,272,230	34,059,185
Diluted (in shares)	34,653,381	38,231,607

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Ordinary share capital	Additional paid-in capital	Retained earnings
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022		$ 3,482	$ 478,439	$ 21,199
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Issue of ordinary shares, net of forfeitures		44
Share-based compensation expense			990
Net income	$ 5,887			5,887
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	510,041	3,526	479,429	27,086
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023		3,534	484,532	108,029
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Issue of ordinary shares, net of forfeitures		(2)
Share-based compensation expense			1,346
Net income	27,019			27,019
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 624,458	$ 3,532	$ 485,878	$ 135,048

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 27,019	$ 5,887
Adjustments to reconcile net income or loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Income from investments in related party investment fund	(18,248)	3,138
Net realized gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes payable	0	(265)
Net realized and unrealized losses (gains) on other investments	413	250
Net realized and unrealized losses (gains) on derivatives	(472)	0
Current expected credit losses (gains) recognized on reinsurance assets	225	0
Share-based compensation expense	1,344	1,034
Accretion of debt offering costs and change in interest accruals	123	(803)
Net change in:
Reinsurance balances receivable	(74,352)	(76,086)
Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable	(19,292)	(3,688)
Deferred acquisition costs	(4,935)	(2,164)
Unearned premiums ceded	(7,941)	(2,630)
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves	69,101	40,331
Unearned premium reserves	42,321	30,069
Reinsurance balances payable	2,657	4,114
Funds withheld	3,507	(61)
Other items, net	(3,510)	(385)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	17,960	(1,259)
Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from redemptions of investment in SILP	0	26,000
Contributions to investment in SILP	(30,000)	(47,001)
Purchases of other investments	0	(1,075)
Proceeds on disposal of other investments	168	0
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(29,832)	(22,076)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repayment of term loans	(938)	0
Repurchases of convertible senior notes payable	0	(17,085)
Net cash used in financing activities	(938)	(17,085)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(114)	132
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(12,924)	(40,288)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period	655,730	706,548
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period	642,806	666,260
Supplementary information
Interest paid in cash	1,724	1,578
Income tax paid (refund received) in cash	$ 0	$ 21

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION	3 Months Ended
ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION	ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION Organization Greenlight Capital Re, Ltd. (“GLRE” and, together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the “Company”) was incorporated as an exempted company under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands on July 13, 2004. The Company is a global specialty property and casualty reinsurer headquartered in the Cayman Islands. The ordinary shares of GLRE are listed on Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “GLRE.” Basis of Presentation These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (the “financial statements”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) instructions to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The financial statements include the accounts of GLRE and the consolidated financial statements of its wholly-owned subsidiaries and all significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated on consolidation. In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations as at the end of and for the periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year. Tabular dollars are in thousands, with the exception of per share amounts or otherwise noted. All amounts are reported in U.S. dollars. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current financial statements. The Company has reported separately the foreign exchange gains (losses) from “Other income” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. This resulted in no change to the previously reported total revenues or net income. The Company has also included the foreign exchange gains (losses) as part of the net change in working capital in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Further, the Company combined “Other assets, excluding depreciation” and “Other liabilities” and presented the sum as “Other items, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. These changes in presentation in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows have resulted in no change to the previously reported net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES	3 Months Ended
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES	SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in its 2023 Form 10-K. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted On November 27, 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new ASU requires incremental disclosures related to a public entity’s reportable segments but does not change the definition of a segment, the method for determining segments, or the criteria for aggregating operating segments into reportable segments. This new guidance is effective for the Company’s 2024 year-end financial statements, and should be adopted retrospectively unless impracticable. Early adoption is permitted. On December 14, 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes Topic (740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new ASU provides more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. This ASU is effective for the Company’s 2024 year-end financial statements. As the above ASUs relate solely to financial statement disclosures, the adoption of these ASUs will not impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND

There has been no change to the Company’s agreement with Solasglas Investments, LP (“SILP” or “Solasglas”) as described in its 2023 Form 10-K.

The summarized financial statements of SILP are presented below.

Summarized Statements of Financial Condition of Solasglas Investments, LP


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Investments, at fair value	$	446,433	$	453,358
Derivative contracts, at fair value	15,609		11,167
Due from brokers	152,611		121,754
Cash and cash equivalents	881		—
Interest and dividends receivable	224		1,143
Total assets	615,758		587,422

Liabilities and partners’ capital
Liabilities
Investments sold short, at fair value	(190,353)		(197,571)
Derivative contracts, at fair value	(9,896)		(12,917)
Capital withdrawals payable	(390)		(1,000)
Due to brokers	—		(17,398)
Interest and dividends payable	(1,234)		(2,315)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(103)		(247)
Total liabilities	(201,976)		(231,448)

Partners' capital	$	413,782	$	355,974

GLRE’s share of Partners' capital	$	307,138	$	258,890

Summarized Statements of Operations of Solasglas Investments, LP


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Investment income
Dividend income (net of withholding taxes)		$	831	$	627
Interest income		4,352		1,816
Total Investment income		5,183		2,443

Expenses
Management fee		(1,323)		(1,068)
Interest		(1,334)		(1,428)
Dividends		(704)		(419)
Professional fees and other		(324)		(282)
Total expenses		(3,685)		(3,197)

Net investment income (loss)		1,498		(754)

Realized and change in unrealized gains (losses)
Net realized gain (loss)		42,945		(1,760)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)		(16,245)		(1,033)
Net gain (loss) on investment transactions		26,700		(2,793)

Net increase (decrease) in Partners' capital (1)		$	28,198	$	(3,547)

GLRE’s share of the increase (decrease) in Partners' capital		$	18,248	$	(3,138)

(1) The net increase in Partners’ capital is net of management fees and performance allocation presented below:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Management fees		$	1,323	$	1,068
Performance allocation		2,028		—
Total		$	3,351	$	1,068

OTHER INVESTMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

OTHER INVESTMENTS

At March 31, 2024, the breakdown of the Company’s other investments was as follows:


	Cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses		Accrued interest		Fair value / carrying value
Private investments and unlisted equities	$	26,970	$	49,844	$	(5,237)	$	—	$	71,577
Debt and convertible debt securities	2,499		—		(1,510)		90		1,079

Total other investments	$	29,469	$	49,844	$	(6,747)	$	90	$	72,656

At December 31, 2023, the breakdown of the Company’s other investments was as follows:


	Cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses		Accrued interest		Fair value / carrying value
Private investments and unlisted equities	$	28,470	$	49,424	$	(6,737)	$	—	$	71,157
Debt and convertible debt securities	2,499		—		(499)		136		2,136

Total other investments	$	30,969	$	49,424	$	(7,236)	$	136	$	73,293


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Carrying value (1)	$	71,577	$	62,684
Upward carrying value changes (2)	$	419	$	—
Downward carrying value changes and impairment (3)	$	(114)	$	(250)

(1) The period-end carrying values reflect cumulative purchases and sales in addition to upward and downward carrying value changes.

(2) The cumulative upward carrying value changes from inception to March 31, 2024, totaled $50.8 million.

(3) The cumulative downward carrying value changes and impairments from inception to March 31, 2024, totaled $2.8 million.

Net investment income


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Gross realized gains		$	—	$	—
Gross realized losses		(1,332)		(800)
Net realized gains (losses)		$	(1,332)	$	(800)
Change in unrealized gains		919		550
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments		$	(413)	$	(250)

RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Cash securing trust accounts	$	281,951	$	300,152
Cash securing letters of credit issued	286,381		291,456
Cash securing Loan Facility	10,000		10,000
Other	2,876		3,040
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	581,208		604,648
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598		51,082
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	642,806	$	655,730

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis


	Less than 6 months		6 to 12 months		Over 1 year		Total
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	$	10,433	$	18,552	$	32,724	$	61,709

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis

Derivative financial instruments

Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Carried, at Fair Value

LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]

LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES

The Company’s loss and loss adjustment expense (“LAE”) reserves were composed of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Case reserves	$	192,063	$	189,050
IBNR	538,592		472,504
Total	$	730,655	$	661,554

Reserve Roll-forward

The following provides a summary of changes in outstanding loss and LAE reserves for all lines of business:


Consolidated	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Gross balance at January 1	$	661,554	$	555,468
Less: Losses recoverable	(25,687)		(13,239)
Net balance at January 1	635,867		542,229
Incurred losses related to:
Current year	103,925		84,687
Prior years	5,401		12,038
Total incurred	109,326		96,725
Paid losses related to:
Current year	(3,525)		(5,546)
Prior years	(53,343)		(57,158)
Total paid	(56,868)		(62,704)
Foreign currency revaluation	(2,435)		2,622
Net balance at March 31	685,890		578,872
Add: Losses recoverable (see Note 8)	44,765		16,927
Gross balance at March 31	$	730,655	$	595,799

Estimates for Significant Catastrophe Events

convective storms that occurred during the quarter, coupled with adverse prior year CAT development of $4.1 million relating to the 2022 Winter Storm Elliott.

Prior Year Reserve Development

RETROCESSION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]

RETROCESSION

The following table provides a breakdown of ceded reinsurance:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Gross ceded premiums	$	23,181	$	11,212
Earned ceded premiums	$	15,242	$	8,581
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ceded	$	23,076	$	6,171


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross		Net of Collateral(1)		Gross		Net of Collateral(1)
A- or better by A.M. Best	$	28,232	$	28,232	$	8,767	$	8,767
Not rated	17,234		762		17,407		2,432
Total before provision	45,466		$	28,994	$	26,174	$	11,199
Provision for credit losses	(701)				(487)
Total loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net	$	44,765			$	25,687

DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES

Debt Obligations

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding debt obligations.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Term loans	$	73,125	$	74,062
Accrued interest payable	47		—
Less: deferred financing costs	(706)		(781)
Total debt	$	72,466	$	73,281

Credit Facilities

At March 31, 2024, the Company had the following letter of credit (“LOC”) facilities:


	Capacity		LOCs issued		Termination Date
Citibank Europe plc ("Citi LOC")1	$	289,000	$	247,174	August 20, 2024
CIBC Bank USA ("CIBC LOC")	200,000		39,163		December 21, 2024
	$	489,000	$	286,337

1) Includes $14 million of uncommitted capacity.

SHARE CAPITAL

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

SHARE CAPITAL

Ordinary Shares

The following table is a summary of changes in ordinary shares issued and outstanding for the three months ended March 31:



	2024	2023
	Ordinary		Ordinary	Class A	Class B
Balance – beginning of period	35,336,732		—	28,569,346	6,254,715
Issue of shares, net of forfeitures	(15,588)		—	438,617	—



Balance – end of period	35,321,144		—	29,007,963	6,254,715

The Company’s authorized share capital is 125,000,000 ordinary shares, par value of $0.10 per share.

At March 31, 2024, the Company has an effective Form S-3 registration statement on file with the SEC for an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million in securities.

Share Repurchase Plan

Preferred Shares

The Company’s authorized share capital also consists of 50,000,000 preference shares with a par value of $0.10 each. At March 31, 2024, the Company has no issued and outstanding preferred shares.

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Employee and Director Restricted Shares

The following table summarizes the activity for unvested outstanding restricted share awards (“RSs”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Performance Restricted Shares			Service Restricted Shares
	Number of non-vested restricted shares	Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of non-vested restricted shares	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at December 31, 2022	794,362	$	7.62	832,896	$	7.76
Granted	357,766	9.85		152,001	9.85
Vested	—	—		(256,243)	6.75
Forfeited	(99,428)	9.62		(49,417)	8.64
Balance at March 31, 2023	1,052,700	$	8.19	679,237	$	8.54

Balance at December 31, 2023	1,042,688	$	9.94	419,604	$	9.18
Granted	—	—		—	—
Vested	—	—		(217,522)	8.78
Forfeited	(89,945)	10.84		—	—
Balance at March 31, 2024	952,743	$	9.86	202,082	$	9.61

At March 31, 2024, 2,914,198 (December 31, 2023: 3,296,771) ordinary shares remained available for future issuance under the Company’s 2023 Incentive Plan.

Employee Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes the activity for unvested outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Performance			Service
	Number of non-vested RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of non-vested RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at December 31, 2022	105,008	$	6.82	172,952	$	7.58
Granted	71,121	9.85		42,811	9.85
Vested	—	—		(77,695)	6.74
Forfeited	—	—		(1,788)	7.82
Balance at March 31, 2023	176,129	$	8.04	136,280	$	8.76

Balance at December 31, 2023	154,445	$	8.03	110,425	$	8.78
Granted	258,148	11.85		124,425	11.85
Vested	—	—		(74,357)	8.84
Forfeited	—	—		—	—
Balance at March 31, 2024	412,593	$	10.42	160,493	$	11.14

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the total fair value of Service RSUs vested was $0.7 million (2023: $0.5 million).

Employee and Director Stock Options



Expected volatility	36.4		%
Expected term (in years)	5
Expected dividend yield	—		%
Risk-free interest rate	3.9		%
Stock price at grant date	$	11.20

Stock Compensation Expense

EARNINGS PER SHARE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table reconciles net income and weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Numerator for EPS
Net income - basic	$	27,019	$	5,887
Add: interest on convertible notes	—		776
Less: gain on repurchase of convertible notes	—		(265)
Net income - diluted	$	27,019	$	6,398

Denominator for EPS
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	34,272,230		34,059,185
Effect of dilutive employee and director share-based awards	381,151		341,263
Shares potentially issuable in connection with convertible notes	—		3,831,159
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	34,653,381		38,231,607
Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding	902,140		690,337



EPS:
Basic	$	0.79	$	0.17
Diluted	$	0.78	$	0.17

NET INVESTMENT INCOME

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Net Investment Income [Abstract]

NET INVESTMENT INCOME

The following table provides a breakdown of net investment income:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Interest and dividend income, net of withholding taxes and other expenses	$	8,556	$	8,628
Net realized and unrealized gains on other investments (see Note 4)	(413)		(250)
Net investment-related income	8,143		8,378
Share of Solasglas' net income (see Note 3)	18,248		(3,138)
Total investment income	$	26,391	$	5,240

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS	3 Months Ended
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS	Mar. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS	RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Investment Advisory Agreement There has been no change to the Company’s agreement with SILP as described in its 2023 Form 10-K. Refer to Note 3 for a breakdown of management fees and performance fees for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 Green Brick Partners, Inc. David Einhorn also serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Green Brick Partners, Inc. (“GRBK”), a publicly-traded company. At March 31, 2024, SILP, along with certain affiliates of DME Advisors, collectively owned 25.2% of the issued and outstanding common shares of GRBK. Under applicable securities laws, DME Advisors may sometimes be limited in its ability to trade GRBK shares held in SILP. At March 31, 2024, SILP held 1.8 million shares of GRBK. Service Agreement The Company has entered into a service agreement with DME Advisors, pursuant to which DME Advisors provides certain investor relations services to the Company for compensation of five thousand dollars per month (plus expenses). The agreement automatically renews annually until terminated by either the Company or DME Advisors for any reason with 30 days prior written notice to the other party. Collateral Assets Investment Management Agreement Effective January 1, 2019, the Company (and its subsidiaries) entered into a collateral assets investment management agreement (the “CMA”) with DME Advisors, pursuant to which DME Advisors manages certain assets of the Company that are not subject to the SILP LPA and are held by the Company to provide collateral required by the cedents in the form of trust accounts and letters of credit. In accordance with the CMA, DME Advisors receives no fees and is required to comply with the collateral investment guidelines. The CMA can be terminated by any of the parties upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the other parties.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

a) Concentration of Credit Risk

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company monitors its concentration of credit risk with financial institutions and limits acceptable counterparties based on current rating, outlook and other relevant factors.

Investments

The Company’s credit risk exposure to private debt and convertible debt securities within its “Other investments” are immaterial (see Note 4).

Reinsurance balances receivable, net

The following table shows the breakdown of reinsurance balances receivable:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Amount		%		Amount		%
Premiums receivable	$	241,910	34.9	%	$	186,940	30.2	%

Funds withheld:
Funds held by cedants	48,148		7.0	%	50,075		8.1	%
Premiums held by Lloyds' syndicates	293,533		42.3	%	264,278		42.7	%
Funds at Lloyd’s	107,681		15.5	%	115,772		18.6	%

Profit commission receivable	3,060		0.4	%	2,302		0.4	%

Deposit assets	275		—	%	888		0.1	%
Total before provision	694,607		100.1	%	620,255		100.1	%
Provision for expected credit losses	(865)		(0.1)	%	(854)		(0.1)	%
Reinsurance balances receivable, net	$	693,742	100.0	%	$	619,401	100.0	%

The Company has posted deposits at Lloyd’s to support underwriting capacity for certain syndicates, including Syndicate 3456. Lloyd’s has a credit rating of “A” (Excellent) from A.M. Best.

Loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net

b) Lease Obligations

There has been no material change to the Company’s operating lease agreements as described in its 2023 Form 10-K.

c) Litigation

SEGMENT REPORTING

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company has one operating segment: Property & Casualty Reinsurance.

The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross premiums written by line and class of business, and by geographic area of risks insured for the periods indicated:

Gross Premiums Written by Line of Business


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
Property
Commercial			$	18,166	8.4	%	$	14,691	7.9	%
Motor			62		—		232		0.1
Personal			6,948		3.2		15,637		8.4
Total Property			25,176		11.6		30,560		16.4

Casualty
General Liability			21,657		10.0		20,559		11.0
Motor Liability			6,018		2.8		5,599		3.0
Professional Liability			567		0.3		3,647		2.0
Workers' Compensation			3,420		1.6		3,159		1.7
Multi-line			75,127		34.5		54,160		29.0
Total Casualty			106,789		49.2		87,124		46.7

Other
Accident & Health			931		0.4		2,476		1.3
Financial			20,199		9.3		22,497		12.1
Marine			19,563		9.0		12,140		6.5
Other Specialty			44,600		20.5		31,658		17.0
Total Other			85,293		39.2		68,771		36.9
			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

Gross Premiums Written by Geographic Area of Risks Insured


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023
U.S. and Caribbean			$	57,374	26.4	%	$	69,852	37.5	%
Worldwide (1)			144,309		66.4		106,262		57.0
Europe			4,488		2.1		3,427		1.8
Asia			11,087		5.1		6,914		3.7
			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

(1) “Worldwide” is composed of contracts that reinsure risks in more than one geographic area and may include risks in the U.S.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 27,019	$ 5,887

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	3 Months Ended
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Reclassifications	Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current financial statements. The Company has reported separately the foreign exchange gains (losses) from “Other income” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. This resulted in no change to the previously reported total revenues or net income. The Company has also included the foreign exchange gains (losses) as part of the net change in working capital in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Further, the Company combined “Other assets, excluding depreciation” and “Other liabilities” and presented the sum as “Other items, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. These changes in presentation in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows have resulted in no change to the previously reported net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted On November 27, 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new ASU requires incremental disclosures related to a public entity’s reportable segments but does not change the definition of a segment, the method for determining segments, or the criteria for aggregating operating segments into reportable segments. This new guidance is effective for the Company’s 2024 year-end financial statements, and should be adopted retrospectively unless impracticable. Early adoption is permitted. On December 14, 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes Topic (740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new ASU provides more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. This ASU is effective for the Company’s 2024 year-end financial statements. As the above ASUs relate solely to financial statement disclosures, the adoption of these ASUs will not impact the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Information of Investment

The summarized financial statements of SILP are presented below.

Summarized Statements of Financial Condition of Solasglas Investments, LP


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Investments, at fair value	$	446,433	$	453,358
Derivative contracts, at fair value	15,609		11,167
Due from brokers	152,611		121,754
Cash and cash equivalents	881		—
Interest and dividends receivable	224		1,143
Total assets	615,758		587,422

Liabilities and partners’ capital
Liabilities
Investments sold short, at fair value	(190,353)		(197,571)
Derivative contracts, at fair value	(9,896)		(12,917)
Capital withdrawals payable	(390)		(1,000)
Due to brokers	—		(17,398)
Interest and dividends payable	(1,234)		(2,315)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(103)		(247)
Total liabilities	(201,976)		(231,448)

Partners' capital	$	413,782	$	355,974

GLRE’s share of Partners' capital	$	307,138	$	258,890

Summarized Statements of Operations of Solasglas Investments, LP


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Investment income
Dividend income (net of withholding taxes)		$	831	$	627
Interest income		4,352		1,816
Total Investment income		5,183		2,443

Expenses
Management fee		(1,323)		(1,068)
Interest		(1,334)		(1,428)
Dividends		(704)		(419)
Professional fees and other		(324)		(282)
Total expenses		(3,685)		(3,197)

Net investment income (loss)		1,498		(754)

Realized and change in unrealized gains (losses)
Net realized gain (loss)		42,945		(1,760)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)		(16,245)		(1,033)
Net gain (loss) on investment transactions		26,700		(2,793)

Net increase (decrease) in Partners' capital (1)		$	28,198	$	(3,547)

GLRE’s share of the increase (decrease) in Partners' capital		$	18,248	$	(3,138)

(1) The net increase in Partners’ capital is net of management fees and performance allocation presented below:


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Management fees		$	1,323	$	1,068
Performance allocation		2,028		—
Total		$	3,351	$	1,068

OTHER INVESTMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Investments

At March 31, 2024, the breakdown of the Company’s other investments was as follows:


	Cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses		Accrued interest		Fair value / carrying value
Private investments and unlisted equities	$	26,970	$	49,844	$	(5,237)	$	—	$	71,577
Debt and convertible debt securities	2,499		—		(1,510)		90		1,079

Total other investments	$	29,469	$	49,844	$	(6,747)	$	90	$	72,656

At December 31, 2023, the breakdown of the Company’s other investments was as follows:


	Cost		Unrealized gains		Unrealized losses		Accrued interest		Fair value / carrying value
Private investments and unlisted equities	$	28,470	$	49,424	$	(6,737)	$	—	$	71,157
Debt and convertible debt securities	2,499		—		(499)		136		2,136

Total other investments	$	30,969	$	49,424	$	(7,236)	$	136	$	73,293

Schedule of Carrying Values of Private Investments and Unlisted Equity Securities Carried under Measurement Alternative


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Carrying value (1)	$	71,577	$	62,684
Upward carrying value changes (2)	$	419	$	—
Downward carrying value changes and impairment (3)	$	(114)	$	(250)

(1) The period-end carrying values reflect cumulative purchases and sales in addition to upward and downward carrying value changes.

(2) The cumulative upward carrying value changes from inception to March 31, 2024, totaled $50.8 million.

(3) The cumulative downward carrying value changes and impairments from inception to March 31, 2024, totaled $2.8 million.

Schedule of Gain (Loss) on Securities

Net investment income


	Three months ended March 31
		2024		2023
Gross realized gains		$	—	$	—
Gross realized losses		(1,332)		(800)
Net realized gains (losses)		$	(1,332)	$	(800)
Change in unrealized gains		919		550
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on other investments		$	(413)	$	(250)

RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Schedule of Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Cash securing trust accounts	$	281,951	$	300,152
Cash securing letters of credit issued	286,381		291,456
Cash securing Loan Facility	10,000		10,000
Other	2,876		3,040
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	581,208		604,648
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598		51,082
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	642,806	$	655,730

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis


	Less than 6 months		6 to 12 months		Over 1 year		Total
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	$	10,433	$	18,552	$	32,724	$	61,709

LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]

Schedule of Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense

The Company’s loss and loss adjustment expense (“LAE”) reserves were composed of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Case reserves	$	192,063	$	189,050
IBNR	538,592		472,504
Total	$	730,655	$	661,554

Reserve Roll-forward

The following provides a summary of changes in outstanding loss and LAE reserves for all lines of business:


Consolidated	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Gross balance at January 1	$	661,554	$	555,468
Less: Losses recoverable	(25,687)		(13,239)
Net balance at January 1	635,867		542,229
Incurred losses related to:
Current year	103,925		84,687
Prior years	5,401		12,038
Total incurred	109,326		96,725
Paid losses related to:
Current year	(3,525)		(5,546)
Prior years	(53,343)		(57,158)
Total paid	(56,868)		(62,704)
Foreign currency revaluation	(2,435)		2,622
Net balance at March 31	685,890		578,872
Add: Losses recoverable (see Note 8)	44,765		16,927
Gross balance at March 31	$	730,655	$	595,799

RETROCESSION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]

Ceded Credit Risk

The following table provides a breakdown of ceded reinsurance:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Gross ceded premiums	$	23,181	$	11,212
Earned ceded premiums	$	15,242	$	8,581
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ceded	$	23,076	$	6,171

Effects of Reinsurance

The following table shows a breakdown of losses recoverable on a gross and net of collateral basis:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross		Net of Collateral(1)		Gross		Net of Collateral(1)
A- or better by A.M. Best	$	28,232	$	28,232	$	8,767	$	8,767
Not rated	17,234		762		17,407		2,432
Total before provision	45,466		$	28,994	$	26,174	$	11,199
Provision for credit losses	(701)				(487)
Total loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net	$	44,765			$	25,687

DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding debt obligations.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Term loans	$	73,125	$	74,062
Accrued interest payable	47		—
Less: deferred financing costs	(706)		(781)
Total debt	$	72,466	$	73,281

Schedule of Letters of Credit Facilities

At March 31, 2024, the Company had the following letter of credit (“LOC”) facilities:


	Capacity		LOCs issued		Termination Date
Citibank Europe plc ("Citi LOC")1	$	289,000	$	247,174	August 20, 2024
CIBC Bank USA ("CIBC LOC")	200,000		39,163		December 21, 2024
	$	489,000	$	286,337

1) Includes $14 million of uncommitted capacity.

SHARE CAPITAL (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock by Class

The following table is a summary of changes in ordinary shares issued and outstanding for the three months ended March 31:



	2024	2023
	Ordinary		Ordinary	Class A	Class B
Balance – beginning of period	35,336,732		—	28,569,346	6,254,715
Issue of shares, net of forfeitures	(15,588)		—	438,617	—



Balance – end of period	35,321,144		—	29,007,963	6,254,715

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Activity for Unvested Restricted Share Awards and Employee Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes the activity for unvested outstanding restricted share awards (“RSs”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Performance Restricted Shares			Service Restricted Shares
	Number of non-vested restricted shares	Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of non-vested restricted shares	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at December 31, 2022	794,362	$	7.62	832,896	$	7.76
Granted	357,766	9.85		152,001	9.85
Vested	—	—		(256,243)	6.75
Forfeited	(99,428)	9.62		(49,417)	8.64
Balance at March 31, 2023	1,052,700	$	8.19	679,237	$	8.54

Balance at December 31, 2023	1,042,688	$	9.94	419,604	$	9.18
Granted	—	—		—	—
Vested	—	—		(217,522)	8.78
Forfeited	(89,945)	10.84		—	—
Balance at March 31, 2024	952,743	$	9.86	202,082	$	9.61

The following table summarizes the activity for unvested outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Performance			Service
	Number of non-vested RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value		Number of non-vested RSUs	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at December 31, 2022	105,008	$	6.82	172,952	$	7.58
Granted	71,121	9.85		42,811	9.85
Vested	—	—		(77,695)	6.74
Forfeited	—	—		(1,788)	7.82
Balance at March 31, 2023	176,129	$	8.04	136,280	$	8.76

Balance at December 31, 2023	154,445	$	8.03	110,425	$	8.78
Granted	258,148	11.85		124,425	11.85
Vested	—	—		(74,357)	8.84
Forfeited	—	—		—	—
Balance at March 31, 2024	412,593	$	10.42	160,493	$	11.14

Schedule of Valuation Assumptions

The following inputs were used in this pricing model:



Expected volatility	36.4		%
Expected term (in years)	5
Expected dividend yield	—		%
Risk-free interest rate	3.9		%
Stock price at grant date	$	11.20

EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Income (Loss) and Weighted Average Number of Shares

The following table reconciles net income and weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Numerator for EPS
Net income - basic	$	27,019	$	5,887
Add: interest on convertible notes	—		776
Less: gain on repurchase of convertible notes	—		(265)
Net income - diluted	$	27,019	$	6,398

Denominator for EPS
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	34,272,230		34,059,185
Effect of dilutive employee and director share-based awards	381,151		341,263
Shares potentially issuable in connection with convertible notes	—		3,831,159
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	34,653,381		38,231,607
Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding	902,140		690,337



EPS:
Basic	$	0.79	$	0.17
Diluted	$	0.78	$	0.17

NET INVESTMENT INCOME (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Net Investment Income [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)

The following table provides a breakdown of net investment income:


	Three months ended March 31
	2024		2023
Interest and dividend income, net of withholding taxes and other expenses	$	8,556	$	8,628
Net realized and unrealized gains on other investments (see Note 4)	(413)		(250)
Net investment-related income	8,143		8,378
Share of Solasglas' net income (see Note 3)	18,248		(3,138)
Total investment income	$	26,391	$	5,240

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Letters of Credit Facilities

The following table shows the breakdown of reinsurance balances receivable:


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Amount		%		Amount		%
Premiums receivable	$	241,910	34.9	%	$	186,940	30.2	%

Funds withheld:
Funds held by cedants	48,148		7.0	%	50,075		8.1	%
Premiums held by Lloyds' syndicates	293,533		42.3	%	264,278		42.7	%
Funds at Lloyd’s	107,681		15.5	%	115,772		18.6	%

Profit commission receivable	3,060		0.4	%	2,302		0.4	%

Deposit assets	275		—	%	888		0.1	%
Total before provision	694,607		100.1	%	620,255		100.1	%
Provision for expected credit losses	(865)		(0.1)	%	(854)		(0.1)	%
Reinsurance balances receivable, net	$	693,742	100.0	%	$	619,401	100.0	%

SEGMENT REPORTING (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Gross Premiums Written by Line of Business

The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross premiums written by line and class of business, and by geographic area of risks insured for the periods indicated:

Gross Premiums Written by Line of Business


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023 (1)
Property
Commercial			$	18,166	8.4	%	$	14,691	7.9	%
Motor			62		—		232		0.1
Personal			6,948		3.2		15,637		8.4
Total Property			25,176		11.6		30,560		16.4

Casualty
General Liability			21,657		10.0		20,559		11.0
Motor Liability			6,018		2.8		5,599		3.0
Professional Liability			567		0.3		3,647		2.0
Workers' Compensation			3,420		1.6		3,159		1.7
Multi-line			75,127		34.5		54,160		29.0
Total Casualty			106,789		49.2		87,124		46.7

Other
Accident & Health			931		0.4		2,476		1.3
Financial			20,199		9.3		22,497		12.1
Marine			19,563		9.0		12,140		6.5
Other Specialty			44,600		20.5		31,658		17.0
Total Other			85,293		39.2		68,771		36.9
			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

Schedule of Gross Premiums Written by Geographic Area of Risks Insured

Gross Premiums Written by Geographic Area of Risks Insured


	Three months ended March 31
		2024	2023
U.S. and Caribbean			$	57,374	26.4	%	$	69,852	37.5	%
Worldwide (1)			144,309		66.4		106,262		57.0
Europe			4,488		2.1		3,427		1.8
Asia			11,087		5.1		6,914		3.7
			$	217,258	100.0	%	$	186,455	100.0	%

(1) “Worldwide” is composed of contracts that reinsure risks in more than one geographic area and may include risks in the U.S.

INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Share of Solasglas' net income (see Note 3)	$ 18,248	$ (3,138)
Solasglas Investments, LP (SILP) \| GLRE Limited Partners
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investments, fair value	$ 307,100		$ 258,900
Equity method investment, ownership interest (as a percent)	74.20%		72.70%
SILP General Partner
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment, ownership interest (as a percent)	25.80%		27.30%

INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND - Financial Information of Investment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets
Investments, at fair value	$ 307,138	$ 258,890
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598	51,082
Total assets	1,876,969	1,735,307
Liabilities
Derivative contracts, at fair value	(100)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(8,323)	(11,795)
Total liabilities	(1,252,511)	(1,139,212)
Solasglas Investments, LP (SILP)
Assets
Investments, at fair value	446,433	453,358
Derivative contracts, at fair value	15,609	11,167
Due from brokers	152,611	121,754
Cash and cash equivalents	881	0
Interest and dividends receivable	224	1,143
Total assets	615,758	587,422
Liabilities
Investments sold short, at fair value	(190,353)	(197,571)
Derivative contracts, at fair value	(9,896)	(12,917)
Capital withdrawals payable	(390)	(1,000)
Due to brokers	0	(17,398)
Interest and dividends payable	(1,234)	(2,315)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(103)	(247)
Total liabilities	(201,976)	(231,448)
Partners' capital	$ 413,782	$ 355,974

INVESTMENT IN RELATED PARTY INVESTMENT FUND - Summarized Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Net Assets of SILP (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Expenses
Total expenses	$ (163,775)	$ (149,045)
Net investment income (loss)	8,143	8,378
Realized and change in unrealized gains (losses)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)	1,500
Net gain (loss) on investment transactions	(413)	(250)
Net increase (decrease) in Partners' capital	27,019	5,887
GLRE’s share of the increase (decrease) in Partners' capital	18,248	(3,138)
Management fees	1,323	1,068
Performance allocation	2,028	0
Total	3,351	1,068
Solasglas Investments, LP (SILP)
Realized and change in unrealized gains (losses)
GLRE’s share of the increase (decrease) in Partners' capital	18,248	(3,138)
Solasglas Investments, LP (SILP)
Investment income
Dividend income (net of withholding taxes)	831	627
Interest income	4,352	1,816
Total Investment income	5,183	2,443
Expenses
Management fee	(1,323)	(1,068)
Interest	(1,334)	(1,428)
Dividends	(704)	(419)
Professional fees and other	(324)	(282)
Total expenses	(3,685)	(3,197)
Net investment income (loss)	1,498	(754)
Realized and change in unrealized gains (losses)
Net realized gain (loss)	42,945	(1,760)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)	(16,245)	(1,033)
Net gain (loss) on investment transactions	26,700	(2,793)
Net increase (decrease) in Partners' capital	$ 28,198	$ (3,547)

OTHER INVESTMENTS - Other Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI
Cost	$ 29,469	$ 30,969
Unrealized gains	49,844	49,424
Unrealized losses	(6,747)	(7,236)
Accrued interest	90	136
Fair value / carrying value	72,656	73,293
Private investments and unlisted equities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI
Cost	26,970	28,470
Unrealized gains	49,844	49,424
Unrealized losses	(5,237)	(6,737)
Accrued interest	0	0
Fair value / carrying value	71,577	71,157
Debt and convertible debt securities
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI
Cost	2,499	2,499
Unrealized gains	0	0
Unrealized losses	(1,510)	(499)
Accrued interest	90	136
Fair value / carrying value	$ 1,079	$ 2,136

OTHER INVESTMENTS - Nonrecurring Fair Value Disclosures (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosure, Asset and Liability, Not Measured at Fair Value
Upward carrying value changes	$ 50,800
Downward carrying value changes and impairment	(2,800)
Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Fair Value Disclosure, Asset and Liability, Not Measured at Fair Value
Carrying value	71,577	$ 62,684
Upward carrying value changes	419	0
Downward carrying value changes and impairment	$ (114)	$ (250)

OTHER INVESTMENTS - Net Investment Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Gross realized gains	$ 0	$ 0
Gross realized losses	(1,332)	(800)
Net realized gains (losses)	(1,332)	(800)
Change in unrealized gains	919	550
Net gain (loss) on investment transactions	$ (413)	$ (250)

OTHER INVESTMENTS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis
Liquidation proceeds relating to a private investment	$ 168	$ 0
Gross realized loss	(413)	(250)
Unrealized gain	$ 1,500
Realized loss		$ 800

RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 581,208	$ 604,648
Cash and cash equivalents	61,598	51,082
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	642,806	655,730	$ 666,260	$ 706,548
Cash securing trust accounts
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	281,951	300,152
Cash securing letters of credit issued
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	286,381	291,456
Cash securing Loan Facility
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	10,000	10,000
Other
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,876	$ 3,040

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Other investments	$ 72,656	$ 73,293
Unrealized gain on derivatives	500
Derivative contracts, at fair value	100
Private investments and unlisted equities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Other investments	9,900	9,900
Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Fair value / carrying value	$ 61,700	$ 61,300

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS - Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Nonrecurring Basis (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	$ 61,709
Measurement Period One
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	10,433
Measurement Period Two
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	18,552
Measurement Period Three
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
Fair values measured on a nonrecurring basis	$ 32,724

LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES - Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]
Case reserves	$ 192,063		$ 189,050
IBNR	538,592		472,504
Total	730,655	$ 595,799	661,554	$ 555,468
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Gross balance at January 1	661,554	555,468
Less: Losses recoverable			(25,687)	$ (13,239)
Net balance at January 1	635,867	542,229
Incurred losses related to:
Current year	103,925	84,687
Prior years	5,401	12,038
Total incurred	109,326	96,725
Paid losses related to:
Current year	(3,525)	(5,546)
Prior years	(53,343)	(57,158)
Total paid	(56,868)	(62,704)
Foreign currency revaluation	(2,435)	2,622
Net balance at March 31	685,890	578,872
Add: Losses recoverable (see Note 8)	44,765	16,927	$ 25,687
Gross balance at March 31	$ 730,655	$ 595,799

LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Prior years	$ 5,401	$ 12,038
Reinsurance Contract [Axis]: Expected Loss
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Net loss reserve on prior contracts increase (decrease)	(1,900)
Reinsurance Contract [Axis]: Favorable Loss
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Net loss reserve on prior contracts increase (decrease)	(5,100)
Reinsurance Contract [Axis]: Newly Reported Loss
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Net loss reserve on prior contracts increase (decrease)	10,500
Reinsurance Contract [Axis]: Reserve Strengthening
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Net loss reserve on prior contracts increase (decrease)	13,900
Turkey Earthquake, New Zealand Cyclone Gabrielle, U.S.Convective Storms
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Net loss reserve on prior contracts increase (decrease)	12,400	(6,200)
CAT Development
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense
Net loss reserve on prior contracts increase (decrease)	$ (4,900)	$ 4,100

RETROCESSION - Ceded Reinsurance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]
Gross ceded premiums	$ 23,181	$ 11,212
Earned ceded premiums	15,242	8,581
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ceded	$ 23,076	$ 6,171

RETROCESSION - Breakdown of Losses Recoverable on a Gross and Net of Collateral Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Ceded Credit Risk
Provision for credit losses	$ (865)	$ (854)
Total loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net		25,687	$ 13,239
Retrocession Portfolio
Ceded Credit Risk
Total before provision	45,466	26,174
Provision for credit losses	(701)	(487)
Total loss and loss adjustment expenses recoverable, net	44,765	25,687
Net of Collateral	28,994	11,199
A- or better by A.M. Best \| Retrocession Portfolio
Ceded Credit Risk
Total before provision	28,232	8,767
Net of Collateral	28,232	8,767
Not rated \| Retrocession Portfolio
Ceded Credit Risk
Total before provision	17,234	17,407
Net of Collateral	$ 762	$ 2,432

RETROCESSION - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
RETROCESSION - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Two Reinsurers \| Total Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Recoverability \| Reinsurance Concentration Risk
Ceded Credit Risk
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ceded	$ 14.7	$ 20.4

DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Term loans	$ 73,125	$ 74,062
Accrued interest payable	47	0
Less: deferred financing costs	(706)	(781)
Total debt	$ 72,466	$ 73,281

DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES - Letter of Credit (“LOC”) Facilities (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Capacity	$ 489,000,000
Financial Standby Letter of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
LOCs issued	286,337,000
Financial Standby Letter of Credit \| Citibank Europe plc ("Citi LOC")1
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Capacity	289,000,000
LOCs issued	247,174,000
Uncommitted capacity	14,000,000
Financial Standby Letter of Credit \| CIBC Bank USA ("CIBC LOC")
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Capacity	200,000,000
LOCs issued	$ 39,163,000

DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Apr. 12, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Committed capacity under the Citi LOC agreement		$ 489,000,000
Financial Standby Letter of Credit \| Citibank Europe plc ("Citi LOC")1
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Committed capacity under the Citi LOC agreement		$ 289,000,000
Subsequent Event \| Financial Standby Letter of Credit \| Citibank Europe plc ("Citi LOC")1
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Committed capacity under the Citi LOC agreement	$ 275,000,000

SHARE CAPITAL - Stock by Class (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
SHARE CAPITAL - Stock by Class (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance – beginning of period (in shares)	35,336,732	0
Issue of ordinary shares, net of forfeitures (in shares)	(15,588)	0
Balance – end of period (in shares)	35,321,144	0
Class A
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance – beginning of period (in shares)		28,569,346
Issue of ordinary shares, net of forfeitures (in shares)		438,617
Balance – end of period (in shares)		29,007,963
Class B
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance – beginning of period (in shares)		6,254,715
Issue of ordinary shares, net of forfeitures (in shares)		0
Balance – end of period (in shares)		6,254,715

SHARE CAPITAL - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	May 03, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Ordinary share capital, authorized (in shares)	125,000,000
Ordinary share capital, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10			$ 0.10
Aggregate principal amount	$ 200,000
Repurchase of ordinary shares (in shares)	0	0
Preferred share capital, authorized (in shares)	50,000,000
Gross realized losses	$ (1,332)	$ (800)
Subsequent Event
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount			$ 25,000

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - Restricted Stock (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Performance Restricted Shares
Number of non-vested RSUs
Beginning balance (in shares)	1,042,688	794,362
Granted (in shares)	0	357,766
Vested (in shares)	0	0
Forfeited (in shares)	(89,945)	(99,428)
Ending balance (in shares)	952,743	1,052,700
Weighted average grant date fair value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 9.94	$ 7.62
Granted (in dollars per share)	0	9.85
Vested (in dollars per share)	0	0
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	10.84	9.62
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 9.86	$ 8.19
Service Restricted Shares
Number of non-vested RSUs
Beginning balance (in shares)	419,604	832,896
Granted (in shares)	0	152,001
Vested (in shares)	(217,522)	(256,243)
Forfeited (in shares)	0	(49,417)
Ending balance (in shares)	202,082	679,237
Weighted average grant date fair value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 9.18	$ 7.76
Granted (in dollars per share)	0	9.85
Vested (in dollars per share)	8.78	6.75
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	0	8.64
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 9.61	$ 8.54

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for future issuance (in shares)	2,914,198		3,296,771
Chief Executive Officer
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted (in shares)	250,000
Grants (in dollars per share)	$ 4.31
General and Administrative Expense
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock based compensation expense, net of forfeiture reversals	$ 1.3	$ 1.0
Employee and Director Restricted Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares granted to employees RSUs (in shares)	0	509,767
Total fair value of restricted shares vested	$ 1.9	$ 1.7
Performance RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares granted to employees RSUs (in shares)	258,148	71,121
Total fair value of restricted shares vested	$ 0.7	$ 0.5
Cliff vesting period after date of issuance	3 years
Cliff vesting percentage after date of issuance (in percent)	100.00%
Performance RSUs \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Cliff vesting percentage after date of issuance (in percent)	50.00%
Performance RSUs \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Cliff vesting percentage after date of issuance (in percent)	200.00%
Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding \| Chief Executive Officer
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Cliff vesting period after date of issuance	10 years
Number of options exercisable (in shares)	50,000
Performance Restricted Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares granted to employees RSUs (in shares)	0	357,766

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - Restricted Stock Units (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Performance
Number of non-vested RSUs
Beginning balance (in shares)	154,445	105,008
Granted (in shares)	258,148	71,121
Vested (in shares)	0	0
Forfeited (in shares)	0	0
Ending balance (in shares)	412,593	176,129
Weighted average grant date fair value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 8.03	$ 6.82
Granted (in dollars per share)	11.85	9.85
Vested (in dollars per share)	0	0
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	0	0
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 10.42	$ 8.04
Service
Number of non-vested RSUs
Beginning balance (in shares)	110,425	172,952
Granted (in shares)	124,425	42,811
Vested (in shares)	(74,357)	(77,695)
Forfeited (in shares)	0	(1,788)
Ending balance (in shares)	160,493	136,280
Weighted average grant date fair value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 8.78	$ 7.58
Granted (in dollars per share)	11.85	9.85
Vested (in dollars per share)	8.84	6.74
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	0	7.82
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 11.14	$ 8.76

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - Schedule of Valuation Assumptions (Details) - Chief Executive Officer	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	36.40%
Expected term (in years)	5 years
Expected dividend yield	0.00%
Risk-free interest rate	3.90%
Stock price at grant date	$ 11.20

EARNINGS PER SHARE (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator for EPS
Net income - basic	$ 27,019	$ 5,887
Add: interest on convertible notes	0	776
Less: gain on repurchase of convertible notes	0	(265)
Net income - diluted	$ 27,019	$ 6,398
Denominator for EPS
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	34,272,230	34,059,185
Effect of dilutive employee and director share-based awards (in shares)	381,151	341,263
Shares potentially issuable in connection with convertible notes (in shares)	0	3,831,159
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	34,653,381	38,231,607
EPS:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.79	$ 0.17
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.78	$ 0.17
Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding
Denominator for EPS
Anti-dilutive stock options outstanding (in shares)	902,140	690,337

NET INVESTMENT INCOME (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
NET INVESTMENT INCOME (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Net Investment Income [Abstract]
Interest and dividend income, net of withholding taxes and other expenses	$ 8,556	$ 8,628
Net realized and unrealized gains on other investments (see Note 4)	(413)	(250)
Net investment-related income	8,143	8,378
Share of Solasglas' net income (see Note 3)	18,248	(3,138)
Total investment income	$ 26,391	$ 5,240

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions		3 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2019	Mar. 31, 2024
Affiliated Entity \| Green Bricks Partners Inc (GRBK) \| Solasglas Investments, LP (SILP)
Related Party Transaction
Common stock held (in shares)		1.8
Affiliated Entity \| Green Bricks Partners Inc (GRBK) \| Solasglas Investments, LP (SILP)
Related Party Transaction
Ownership percentage (in percent)		25.20%
Service Agreement \| Board of Directors Chairman
Related Party Transaction
Investor relations monthly fee		$ 5,000
Contract termination prior notice period (in days)		30 days
Collateral Assets Investment Management Agreement \| Board of Directors Chairman
Related Party Transaction
Contract termination prior notice period (in days)	30 days

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Breakdown of Reinsurance Balances Receivable (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Amount
Premiums receivable	$ 241,910	$ 186,940
Funds held by cedants	48,148	50,075
Premiums held by Lloyds' syndicates	293,533	264,278
Funds at Lloyd’s	107,681	115,772
Profit commission receivable	3,060	2,302
Deposit assets	275	888
Total before provision	694,607	620,255
Provision for credit losses	(865)	(854)
Reinsurance balances receivable, net	$ 693,742	$ 619,401
%
Premiums receivable	0.349	0.302
Funds held by cedants	7.00%	8.10%
Premiums held by Lloyds' syndicates	0.423	0.427
Funds at Lloyd’s	0.155	0.186
Profit commission receivable	0.004	0.004
Deposit assets	0	0.001
Total before provision	1.001	1.001
Provision for expected credit losses	(0.001)	(0.001)
Reinsurance balances receivable, net	1.000	1.000

SEGMENT REPORTING - Gross Premiums Written by Line of Business (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information
Number of operating segments \| segment	1
Gross premiums written	$ 217,258		$ 186,455
Gross premiums written (in percent)	100.00%		100.00%
Total Property
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 25,176		$ 30,560
Gross premiums written (in percent)	11.60%		16.40%
Total Property \| Reclassification Of Certain Reinsurance Contracts
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written		$ 200
Commercial
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 18,166		$ 14,691
Gross premiums written (in percent)	8.40%		7.90%
Motor
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 62		$ 232
Gross premiums written (in percent)	0.00%		0.10%
Personal
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 6,948		$ 15,637
Gross premiums written (in percent)	3.20%		8.40%
Total Casualty
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 106,789		$ 87,124
Gross premiums written (in percent)	49.20%		46.70%
Total Casualty \| Reclassification Of Certain Reinsurance Contracts
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written		8,100
General Liability
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 21,657		$ 20,559
Gross premiums written (in percent)	10.00%		11.00%
Motor Liability
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 6,018		$ 5,599
Gross premiums written (in percent)	2.80%		3.00%
Professional Liability
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 567		$ 3,647
Gross premiums written (in percent)	0.30%		2.00%
Workers' Compensation
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 3,420		$ 3,159
Gross premiums written (in percent)	1.60%		1.70%
Multi-line
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 75,127		$ 54,160
Gross premiums written (in percent)	34.50%		29.00%
Total Other
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 85,293		$ 68,771
Gross premiums written (in percent)	39.20%		36.90%
Total Other \| Reclassification Of Certain Reinsurance Contracts
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written		$ 7,900
Accident & Health
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 931		$ 2,476
Gross premiums written (in percent)	0.40%		1.30%
Financial
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 20,199		$ 22,497
Gross premiums written (in percent)	9.30%		12.10%
Marine
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 19,563		$ 12,140
Gross premiums written (in percent)	9.00%		6.50%
Other Specialty
Segment Reporting Information
Gross premiums written	$ 44,600		$ 31,658
Gross premiums written (in percent)	20.50%		17.00%

SEGMENT REPORTING - Gross Premiums Written by Geographic Area of Risks Insured (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from External Customer
Gross premiums written	$ 217,258	$ 186,455
Gross premiums by geographical area as a percentage of total gross premiums	100.00%	100.00%
U.S. and Caribbean
Revenue from External Customer
Gross premiums written	$ 57,374	$ 69,852
Gross premiums by geographical area as a percentage of total gross premiums	26.40%	37.50%
Worldwide
Revenue from External Customer
Gross premiums written	$ 144,309	$ 106,262
Gross premiums by geographical area as a percentage of total gross premiums	66.40%	57.00%
Europe
Revenue from External Customer
Gross premiums written	$ 4,488	$ 3,427
Gross premiums by geographical area as a percentage of total gross premiums	2.10%	1.80%
Asia
Revenue from External Customer
Gross premiums written	$ 11,087	$ 6,914
Gross premiums by geographical area as a percentage of total gross premiums	5.10%	3.70%

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