Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission File Number: 001-39648

Sky Harbour Group Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its Charter)

Delaware	85-2732947
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

136 Tower Road, Suite 205
Westchester County Airport White Plains, NY (Address of principal executive offices)	10604 (Zip Code)

(212) 554-5990 Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Class	Trading Symbols	Name of Exchange on Which Registered
Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	SKYH	NYSE American LLC
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share	SKYH WS	NYSE American LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. (See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 6, 2024, 24,978,700 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 42,046,356 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, were issued and outstanding, respectively.

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SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		2
Item 1.	Financial Statements	2
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	33
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		34
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	34
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	34
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	34
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	34
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	34
Item 5.	Other Information	34
Item 6.	Exhibits	35
	Exhibit Index	35
	Signatures	36

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ITEM 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
	(unaudited)			(audited)
Assets
Cash	$	25,037		$	60,257
Restricted cash		97,267			12,009
Investments		10,066			11,866
Restricted investments		16,743			88,213
Prepaid expenses and other assets		6,756			6,003
Cost of construction		91,996			64,212
Constructed assets, net		77,155			77,283
Right-of-use assets		124,633			70,527
Long-lived assets, net		11,928			11,829
Total assets	$	461,581		$	402,199

Liabilities and equity
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	26,015		$	16,740
Operating lease liabilities		125,466			69,437
Loans payable and finance lease liabilities		8,409			9,311
Bonds payable, net of debt issuance costs and premiums		162,522			162,420
Warrants liability		19,596			12,045
Total liabilities		342,008			269,953

Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)

Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock; $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2024; none issued and outstanding		-			-
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 24,878,700 and 24,165,523 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		2			2
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 42,046,356 and 42,046,356 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		4			4
Additional paid-in capital		92,805			88,198
Accumulated deficit		(32,540	)		(19,361	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		67			312
Total Sky Harbour Group Corporation stockholders’ equity		60,338			69,155

Non-controlling interests		59,235			63,091
Total equity		119,573			132,246

Total liabilities and equity	$	461,581		$	402,199

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

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SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	*Three Months Ended*				*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*		*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Revenue:
Rental revenue		$ 3,618		$ 1,728		$ 6,022		$ 2,835
Total revenue		3,618		1,728		6,022		2,835

Expenses:
Operating		3,339		1,711		5,422		3,503
Depreciation		642		531		1,271		980
General and administrative		4,595		3,732		9,511		7,282
Total expenses		8,576		5,974		16,204		11,765

Operating loss		(4,958)		(4,246)		(10,182)		(8,930)

Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		187		82		381		82
Unrealized (gain) loss on warrants		(8,219)		(2,613)		7,969		1,597
Other income		(1,089)		(81)		(1,496)		(215)
Total other (income) expense		(9,121)		(2,612)		6,854		1,464

Net income (loss)		4,163		(1,634)		(17,036)		(10,394)

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests		(1,598)		(2,412)		(3,858)		(4,978)
Net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders		$ 5,761		$ 778		$ (13,178)		$ (5,416)

Earnings (loss) per share
Basic		$ 0.23		$ 0.05		$ (0.54)		$ (0.36)
Diluted		$ 0.06		$ (0.03)		$ (0.54)		$ (0.36)
Weighted average shares
Basic		24,734		15,167		24,504		15,076
Diluted		69,534		57,213		24,504		15,076

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

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SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023			June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023
Net income (loss)	$	4,163		$	(1,634	)	$	(17,036	)	$	(10,394	)
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities		67			93			462			317
Realized gains on available-for-sale securities reclassified to the consolidated statements of operations		(690	)		(55	)		(707	)		(102	)
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	3,540		$	(1,596	)	$	(17,281	)	$	(10,179	)

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

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SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)

	*Class A*					*Class B*				*Additional*						*Accumulated Other*			*Total*			*Non-*
	*Common Stock*					*Common Stock*				*Paid-in*			*Accumulated*			*Comprehensive*			*Stockholders’*			*Controlling*			*Total*
	*Shares*			*Amount*		*Shares*		*Amount*		*Capital*			*Deficit*			*Income (Loss)*			*Equity*			*Interests*			*Equity*
Balance at December 31, 2023		24,165,523		$	2		42,046,356	$	4	$	88,198		$	(19,361	)	$	312			69,155		$	63,091		$	132,246
Share-based compensation		-			-		-		-		987			-			-			987			45			1,032
Vesting of restricted stock units		176,166			-		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			-
Shares withheld for payment of employee taxes		(57,833	)		-		-		-		(686	)		-			-			(686	)		-			(686	)
Exercise of warrants		253,703			-		-		-		3,332			-			-			3,332			-			3,332
Payment of equity issuance costs		-			-		-		-		(43	)		-			-			(43	)		-			(43	)
Other comprehensive income		-			-		-		-		-			-			378			378			-			378
Net loss		-			-		-		-		-			(18,940	)		-			(18,940	)		(2,259	)		(21,199	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		24,537,559		$	2		42,046,356	$	4	$	91,788		$	(38,301	)	$	690		$	54,183		$	60,877		$	115,060
Share-based compensation		-			-		-		-		1,030			-			-			1,030			45			1,075
Vesting of restricted stock units		100,700			-		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			-
Shares withheld for payment of employee taxes		(22,090	)		-		-		-		(239	)		-			-			(239	)		-			(239	)
Exercise of warrants		3,639			-		-		-		47			-			-			47			-			47
Issuance of stock through ATM Facility		7,407			-		-		-		90			-			-			90			-			90
Exchange of Sky Incentive Units		251,485			-		-		-		89			-			-			89			(89	)		-
Other comprehensive loss		-			-		-		-		-			-			(623	)		(623	)		-			(623	)
Net income (loss)		-			-		-		-		-			5,761			-			5,761			(1,598	)		4,163
Balance at June 30, 2024		24,878,700		$	2		42,046,356	$	4	$	92,805		$	(32,540	)	$	67		$	60,338		$	59,235		$	119,573

	*Class A*				*Class B*					*Additional*					*Accumulated Other*			*Total*			*Non-*			*Total*
	*Common Stock*				*Common Stock*					*Paid-in*		*Accumulated*			*Comprehensive*			*Stockholders’*			*Controlling*			*Equity*
	*Shares*		*Amount*		*Shares*			*Amount*		*Capital*		*Deficit*			*Income (Loss)*			*Equity*			*Interests*			*(Deficit)*
Balance at December 31, 2022		14,962,831	$	1		42,192,250		$	4	$	29,560	$	(3,184	)	$	(102	)		26,279		$	72,096		$	98,375
Share-based compensation		-		-		-			-		393		-			-			393			85			478
Exchange of Class B Common Stock		145,894		-		(145,894	)		-		184		-			-			184			(184	)		-
Other comprehensive income		-		-		-			-		-		-			177			177			-			177
Net loss		-		-		-			-		-		(6,196	)		-			(6,196	)		(2,565	)		(8,761	)
Balance at March 31, 2023		15,108,725	$	1		42,046,356		$	4	$	30,137	$	(9,380	)	$	75		$	20,837		$	69,432		$	90,269
Share-based compensation		-		-		-			-		499		-			-			499			81			580
Vesting of restricted stock units		124,261		-		-			-		-		-			-			-			-			-
Exercise of warrants		225		-		-			-		3		-			-			3			-			3
Other comprehensive income (loss)		-		-		-			-		-		-			38			38			-			38
Net income (loss)		-		-		-			-		-		778			-			778			(2,412	)		(1,634	)
Balance at June 30, 2023		15,233,211	$	1		42,046,356		$	4	$	30,639	$	(8,602	)	$	113		$	22,155		$	67,101		$	89,256

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

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SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*			*June 30, 2023*
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(17,036	)	$	(10,394	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,271			980
Straight-line rent adjustments, net		17			(114	)
Equity-based compensation		2,108			1,058
Non-cash operating lease expense		1,940			906
Realized gain on available for sale investments		(127	)		-
Unrealized loss on warrants		7,969			1,597
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(519	)		(1,743	)
Right-of-use asset initial direct costs		(17	)		(26	)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(1,078	)		2,005
Net cash used in operating activities		(5,472	)		(5,731	)

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of long-lived assets		(688	)		(209	)
Payments for cost of construction		(17,923	)		(24,527	)
Investment in notes receivable, net		-			(2,037	)
Net cash provided by acquisition of business		-			1,793
Purchases of available for sale investments		(152,241	)		(3,393	)
Purchases of held-to-maturity investments		-			(52,998	)
Proceeds from available for sale investments		153,923			11,483
Proceeds from held-to-maturity investments		71,464			53,457
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		54,535			(16,431	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of warrants		2,960			3
Proceeds from ATM Facility		90			-
Principal payments for loans payable and finance leases		(902	)		(48	)
Payments for equity issuance costs		(248	)		-
Payments of employee taxes related to vested equity awards		(925	)		-
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		975			(45	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash		50,038			(22,207	)

Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year		72,266			41,396

Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$	122,304		$	19,189

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

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SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2024

(in thousands, except share data)

1.	Organization and Business Operations

Sky Harbour Group Corporation (“SHG”) is a holding company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware and, through its main operating subsidiary, Sky Harbour LLC and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Sky”), is an aviation infrastructure development company that develops, leases and manages general aviation hangars for business aircraft across the United States. Sky Harbour Group Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the “Company.”

The Company is organized as an umbrella partnership-C corporation, or “Up-C”, structure in which substantially all of the operating assets of the Company are held by Sky and SHG’s only substantive assets are its equity interests in Sky (the “Sky Common Units”). As of June 30, 2024, SHG owned approximately 37.2% of the Sky Common Units and the prior holders of Sky Common Units (the “LLC Interests”) owned approximately 62.8% of the Sky Common Units and control the Company through their ownership of the Company's Class B Common Stock, $0.0001 par value (“Class B Common Stock”).

2.	Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes (the “Financial Statements”) have been prepared in conformity with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) requirements for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and consequently exclude certain disclosures normally included in audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).These Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which includes additional disclosures and a summary of the Company's significant accounting policies. In the Company’s opinion, these Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary by management to fairly state the Company’s results of operation, financial position, and cash flows.

Certain historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Such estimates include assumptions used within impairment analyses, estimated useful lives of depreciable assets and amortizable costs, estimates of inputs utilized in determining the fair value of financial instruments such as warrants, estimates and assumptions related to right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, and estimates and assumptions used in the determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the business combination. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company’s operations have been limited to-date. For most of its history, the Company has been engaged in securing access to land through ground leases and developing and constructing aviation hangars. The major risks faced by the Company is its future ability to obtain additional tenants for the facilities that it constructs, and to contract with such tenants for rental income in an amount that is sufficient to meet the Company’s financial obligations, including increasing construction costs due to inflation and increased borrowing costs to the extent that the Company incurs additional indebtedness.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As a result of ongoing construction projects and business development activities, including the development of aircraft hangars and the leasing of available hangar space, the Company has incurred recurring losses and negative cash flows from operating activities since its inception. The Company expects to continue to invest in such activities and generate operating losses in the near future.

The Company obtained long-term financing through bond and equity offerings to fund its construction, lease, and operational commitments, and believes its liquidity is sufficient to allow continued operations for more than one year after the date these financial statements are issued.

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Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Consolidation

SHG is deemed to have a controlling interest of Sky through its appointment as the Managing Member of Sky, in which SHG has control over the affairs and decision-making of Sky. The interests in Sky not owned by the Company are presented as non-controlling interests. Sky’s ownership percentage in each of its consolidated subsidiaries is 100%, unless otherwise disclosed.

Cost of Construction

Cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheets is carried at cost. The cost of acquiring an asset includes the costs necessary to bring a capital project to the condition necessary for its intended use. Costs are capitalized once the construction of a specific capital project is probable. Construction labor and other direct costs of construction are capitalized. Professional fees for engineering, procurement, consulting, and other soft costs that are directly identifiable with the project and are considered an incremental direct cost are capitalized. Activities associated with internally manufactured hangar buildings, including materials, direct manufacturing labor, and manufacturing overhead directly identifiable with such activities are allocated to our construction projects and capitalized. The Company allocates a portion of its internal salaries to both capitalized cost of construction and to general and administrative expense based on the percentage of time certain employees worked in the related areas. Interest, net of the amortization of debt issuance costs and premiums, and net of interest income earned on bond proceeds, is also capitalized until the capital project is completed.

Once a capital project is complete, the Company begins to depreciate the constructed asset on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the life of the asset or the remaining term of the related ground lease, including expected renewal terms.

Leases

The Company accounts for leases under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases. The Company determines whether a contract contains a lease at the inception of the contract. ASC Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize lease liabilities and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets for all operating leases with terms of more than 12 months on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has made an accounting policy election to not recognize leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and will result in recognizing those lease payments in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When management determines that it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise its options to renew the leases, the renewal terms are included in the lease term and the resulting ROU asset and lease liability balances.

The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components; the Company has elected the accounting policy to not separate lease and non-lease components for all underlying asset classes. The Company has not elected to capitalize any interest cost that is implicit within its operating leases into cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheet, but instead, expenses its ground lease cost as a component of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Warrants liability

The Company accounts for its Warrants (as defined in Note 10 — Warrants) in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”), under which warrants that do not meet the criteria for equity classification and must be recorded as derivative liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the Warrants as liabilities carried at their fair value and adjusts the warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until the warrants are exercised or expire, and any change in fair value is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.

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Revenue recognition

The Company leases the hangar facilities that it constructs to third parties. The lease agreements are either on a month-to-month basis or have a defined term and may have options to extend the term. Some of the leases contain options to terminate the lease by either party with given notice. There are no options given to the lessee to purchase the underlying assets. Rental revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases (see Note 8 — Leases) and includes fixed payments of cash rents, which represents revenue each tenant pays in accordance with the terms of its respective lease and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental revenue and the corresponding rent and other receivables are recorded net of any concessions and uncollectible tenant receivables for all periods presented. The Company evaluates the collectability of tenant receivables for payments required under the lease agreements. If the Company determines that collectability is not probable, the Company recognizes any difference between revenue amounts recognized to date under ASC 842 and payments that have been collected from the lessee, including any additional rent or lease termination fees, as a current period adjustment to rental revenue.

Variable lease payments consist of tenant reimbursements for common area maintenance, utilities, and operating expenses of the property, and various other fees, including fees associated with the delivery of aircraft fuel, late fees, and lease termination fees. Variable lease payments are charged based on the terms and conditions included in the respective tenant leases and are recognized in the same period as the expenses are incurred. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, rental revenue includes $673 and $1,053 of variable lease payments, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, rental revenue includes $187 and $304 of variable lease payments, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the deferred rent receivable included in prepaid expenses and other assets was $404 and $367, respectively. Rent received in advance represents tenant payments received prior to the contractual due date, and is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities. Rent received in advance consisted of $262 and $241 as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company did not derive 10% of its revenue from any single tenant. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 the Company derived approximately 29% and 30% of its revenue from two tenants, respectively.

Income Taxes

SHG is classified as a corporation for Federal income tax purposes and is subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. SHG includes in income, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, its allocable portion of income from the “pass-through” entities in which it holds an interest, including Sky. The “pass-through” entities, are not subject to U.S. Federal and certain state income taxes at the entity level, and instead, the tax liabilities with respect to taxable income are passed through to the members, including SHG. As a result, prior to the Yellowstone Transaction, Sky was not subject to U.S. Federal and certain state income taxes at the entity level.

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method gives consideration to the future tax consequences associated with the differences between the financial accounting and tax basis of the assets and liabilities as well as the ultimate realization of any deferred tax asset resulting from such differences, as well as from net operating losses and other tax-basis carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. When a valuation allowance is increased or decreased, a corresponding tax expense or benefit is recorded.

The Company recorded income tax expense of $0 and the effective tax rate was 0.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. The effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized due to the cumulative losses sustained by the Company to date.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Segment Reporting (Topic 280)

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The disclosure requirements included in ASU No. 2023-07 are required for all public entities, including entities with a single reportable segment. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The guidance is required to be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the standard on our consolidated financial statement disclosures.

Income Taxes (Topic 740)

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update apply to all entities that are subject to Topic 740, Income Taxes. The standard requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity's effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The guidance will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this updated standard on its disclosures to the consolidated financial statements.

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3.	Rapidbuilt Acquisition

On May 12, 2023 (the “Option Exercise Date”), Sky exercised its option to acquire a 51% equity interest in Overflow Ltd., a Texas limited partnership (“Overflow”), and its wholly-owned operating subsidiary, Rapidbuilt, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Rapidbuilt”), for nominal consideration (the “Rapidbuilt Acquisition”). As a result of the Rapidbuilt Acquisition, Weatherford Steel Buildings Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Sky (“WSBH”), owns a 50% limited partnership interest in Overflow, and Weatherford Steel Buildings GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Sky (“WSB GP”), owns a 1% general partnership interest in Overflow.

Rapidbuilt is a manufacturer of pre-engineered steel buildings that previously entered into a supplier arrangement with Sky. Rapidbuilt and Sky’s strategic partnership has resulted in a standard set of proprietary prototype hangar designs, which are intended to deliver high-quality business aviation facilities, lower construction costs, minimize development risk, expedite permit issuance, and facilitate the implementation of refinements across Sky’s portfolio. The Company had pre-existing relationships with Rapidbuilt through a vendor agreement entered into in July 2022 to acquire construction materials related to the Company's development projects (the “Rapidbuilt Vendor Agreement”) and a revolving line of credit loan and security agreement (the “Rapidbuilt Loan Agreement”) to fund the working capital requirement of Rapidbuilt. These pre-existing relationships were effectively settled in the acquisition and the net receivable balance of $44 is included within the consideration transferred. No gain or loss was recognized in the effective settlement of the Rapidbuilt Vendor Agreement and the Rapidbuilt Loan Agreement.

The total cash purchase consideration was nominal. The Company accounted for the acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting, whereby the total purchase price was allocated to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on respective estimated fair values.

The following tables summarize the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the Rapidbuilt Acquisition:

	May 12, 2023
Cash	$	293
Restricted Cash		1,500
Long-lived assets		10,752
Total assets		12,545

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		1,427
Loans payable and finance lease liabilities		11,074
Total liabilities		12,501
Total fair value of net assets acquired		44

Effective settlement of net receivable from Rapidbuilt		44
Total consideration transferred	$	44

Following the Rapidbuilt Acquisition, substantially all of Overflow and Rapidbuilt's activities relate to the manufacturing of pre-engineering hangar structures for Sky's hangar development projects. As such, the pro-forma effect of this acquisition on revenues and earnings was not material.

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4.	Investments and Restricted Investments

Investments of the Company's cash in various U.S. Treasury securities have been classified as available-for-sale and are carried at estimated fair value utilizing Level 1 inputs as determined based upon quoted market prices.

Pursuant to provisions within the Master Indenture of the Series 2021 Bonds, as defined in Note 9 — Bonds payable, loans payable, and interest, the Company invests the funds held in the restricted trust bank accounts in various U.S. Treasury securities. Therefore, such investments are reported as “Restricted investments” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized losses on certain of the Company's investments and restricted investments are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates. The Company does not believe the unrealized losses represent impairments because the unrealized losses are due to general market factors. The Company has not recognized an allowance for expected credit losses related to its investments or restricted investments as the Company has not identified any unrealized losses attributable to credit factors during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. The held-to-maturity restricted investments are carried on the consolidated balance sheet at amortized cost. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has the ability and intent to hold these restricted investments until maturity, and as a result, the Company would not expect the value of these investments to decline significantly due to a sudden change in market interest rates. The fair value of the Company’s restricted investments is estimated utilizing Level 1 inputs including prices for U.S. Treasury securities with comparable maturities on active markets.

The following tables set forth summaries of the amortized cost, unrealized gains, unrealized losses, and fair value by investment type as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	*June 30, 2024*
	*Amortized Cost*		*Gross Unrealized Gains*		*Gross Unrealized Losses*			*Estimated Fair Value*
Investments, available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	9,999	$	67	$	-		$	10,066
Total investments	$	9,999	$	67	$	-		$	10,066

Restricted investments, held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasuries		16,743		16		(643	)		16,116
Total restricted investments	$	16,743	$	16	$	(643	)	$	16,116

	*December 31, 2023*
	*Amortized Cost*		*Gross Unrealized Gains*		*Gross Unrealized Losses*			*Estimated Fair Value*
Investments, available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	11,554	$	312	$	-		$	11,866
Total investments	$	11,554	$	312	$	-		$	11,866

Restricted investments, held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasuries		88,213		105		(694	)		87,624
Total restricted investments	$	88,213	$	105	$	(694	)	$	87,624

The following table sets forth the maturity profile of the Company's investments and restricted investments as of June 30, 2024:

	Investments		Restricted Investments
Due within one year	$	10,066	$	5,280
Due one year through five years		-		11,463
Total	$	10,066	$	16,743

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5.	Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets

The Company’s portfolio as of June 30, 2024 includes the following completed and in-development projects:

●

Addison Airport (“ADS”), Addison, TX (Dallas area);

●

Bradley International Airport (“BDL”), Windsor Locks, CT (Hartford area);

●

Centennial Airport (“APA”), Englewood, CO (Denver area);

●

Chicago Executive Airport (“PWK”), Wheeling, IL (Chicago area);

●

Hudson Valley Regional Airport (“POU”), Wappingers Falls, NY (New York area);

●

Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport (“OPF”), Opa Locka, FL (Miami area);

●

Nashville International Airport (“BNA”), Nashville, TN;

●

Orlando Executive Airport (“ORL”), Orlando, FL;

●

Phoenix Deer Valley Airport (“DVT”), Phoenix, AZ;

●

San José Mineta International Airport (“SJC”), San Jose, CA;

●

Sugar Land Regional Airport (“SGR”), Sugar Land, TX (Houston area); and

●

Washington Dulles International Airport (“IAD”), Dulles, VA (Washington, DC area).

Constructed assets, net, and cost of construction, consists of the following:

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Constructed assets, net of accumulated depreciation:
Buildings, BNA, OPF (Phase I), and SGR	$	81,002		$	80,232
Accumulated depreciation		(3,847	)		(2,949	)
	$	77,155		$	77,283
Cost of construction:
ADS (Phase I & II), APA (Phase I), DVT (Phase I), OPF (Phase II), and SJC (Renovation)	$	91,996		$	64,212

Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 totaled $450 and $448, respectively. Depreciation for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 totaled $898 and $839, respectively.

6.	Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets, net, consists of the following:

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Ground support equipment	$	1,366		$	1,051
Machinery and equipment		3,819			3,783
Buildings		5,433			5,380
Land		1,620			1,620
Other equipment and fixtures		639			596
Purchase deposits and construction in progress		653			362
		13,530			12,792
Accumulated depreciation		(1,602	)		(963	)
	$	11,928		$	11,829

Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 totaled $191 and $83, respectively. Depreciation for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 $373 and $141, respectively. Capitalized depreciation of long-lived assets included in cost of construction totaled $130 and $119 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Capitalized depreciation of long-lived assets included in cost of construction totaled $266 and $119 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, long-lived assets included approximately $653 and $362, respectively, of purchase deposits towards long-lived assets which are not being depreciated as the assets have not been placed into service.

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7.	Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Information

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, consists of the following:

	*June 30, 2024*		*December 31, 2023*
Costs of construction	$	16,483	$	7,022
Employee compensation and benefits		1,393		2,438
Interest		3,474		3,474
Professional fees		1,123		1,154
Tenant security deposits		960		614
Other		2,582		2,038
	$	26,015	$	16,740

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following table summarizes non-cash investing and financing activities:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Accrued costs of construction, including capitalized interest	$	17,815	$	9,197
Accrued costs of long-lived assets		50		21
Debt issuance costs and premium amortized to cost of construction		102		106

The following table summarizes non-cash activities associated with the Company’s operating leases:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	55,177	$	1,368
Net increase (decrease) in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities due to lease remeasurement	$	70	$	(206	)

The following table summarizes interest paid:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Interest paid	$	3,851	$	3,552

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the total shown within the consolidated statements of cash flows:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Cash, beginning of year	$	60,257	$	2,174
Restricted cash, beginning of year		12,009		39,222
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year	$	72,266	$	41,396

Cash, end of period	$	25,037	$	2,556
Restricted cash, end of period		97,267		16,633
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$	122,304	$	19,189

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8.	Leases

Lessee

The table below sets forth a summary of operating lease expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 recorded in the captions within our consolidated statement of operations:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023
Operating expenses	$	2,320	$	964	$	3,595	$	1,903
General and administrative expenses		28		24		55		48
Total operating lease expense	$	2,348	$	988	$	3,650	$	1,951

The Company’s ground leases at airports are classified as operating leases under ASC Topic 842. Management has determined that it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise its options to renew the leases, and therefore the renewal options are included in the lease term and the resulting ROU asset and operating lease liability balances. As the Company’s lease agreements do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate, nor is the rate available to the Company from its lessors, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments. In addition to the Company’s ground leases, the company has operating leases for office space and ground support vehicles, and finance leases for vehicles supporting operations at Rapidbuilt.

The Company’s lease population does not include any residual value guarantees. The Company has operating leases that contain variable payments, most commonly in the form of common area maintenance and operating expense charges, which are based on actual costs incurred. These variable payments were excluded from the calculation of the ROU asset and operating lease liability balances since they are not fixed or in-substance fixed payments. These variable payments were not material in amount for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. Some of the leases contain covenants that require the Company to construct the hangar facilities on the leased grounds within a certain period and spend a set minimum dollar amount. For one of the leases, the shortfall (if any) must be paid to the lessor. See Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies.

The Company’s ground leases have remaining terms ranging between 16 to 73 years, including options for the Company to extend the terms. These leases expire between 2040 and 2097, which include all lease extension options available to the Company. Certain of the Company's ground leases contain options to lease additional parcels of land at the Company's option within a specified period of time.

In March 2024, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a ground lease agreement (the “SJC Lease”) at SJC with the City of San Jose. The SJC Lease covers approximately 7 acres of property that contains an approximately 38,000 square foot hangar, approximately 19,000 square feet of office space, and approximately 108,000 square feet of apron and ramp space. The property at SJC includes additional land on which the Company intends to develop approximately 28,000 square feet of additional hangar space. The initial term of the SJC Lease will be 20 years from May 1, 2024, and contains a mutual option to extend the SJC Lease an additional 5 years following the expiration of the initial term.

In March 2024, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a ground lease agreement (the “ORL Lease”) at ORL with the Greater Orlando Aviation Authority (“GOAA”). The ORL Lease covers a parcel containing approximately 20 acres of land at ORL. The initial term of the ORL Lease will be 30 years from expiration of construction period, with lease payments commencing contemporaneously with the term. The ORL Lease contains options exercisable by the Company to extend the ORL Lease an additional 20 years based on the Company's total expenditures in subsequent phases at ORL.

In May 2024, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a ground lease agreement (the “IAD Lease”) at IAD with the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (“MWAA”). The IAD Lease covers approximately 18 acres of property at IAD. The initial term of the IAD Lease will be approximately 50 years and expire on March 31, 2074, and contains an option exercisable by the Company to extend the IAD Lease an additional 10 years following the expiration of the initial term. The property covered by the IAD Lease is split between two parcels, with rent payments associated with the first parcel (“IAD Phase I”) commencing the earlier of certificate of occupancy or 36 months from the issuance of permits for IAD Phase I, and rent payments associated with the second parcel (“IAD Phase II”) commencing the earlier of issuance of permits for IAD Phase II or five years from certificate of occupancy associated with IAD Phase I. The IAD Lease requires the Company to commence construction related to IAD Phase II within five years of the receipt of the certificate of occupancy for IAD Phase I.

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Supplemental consolidated cash flow information related to the Company’s leases was as follows:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30,*		*June 30,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	1,662	$	1,022
Operating cash flows from finance leases		1		-
Financing cash flows from finance leases		14		-

Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information related to the Company’s leases was as follows:

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years)	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Operating leases
Ground leases - Unimproved at commencement		55.0			55.8
Ground leases - Existing improvements		26.9			46.1
Equipment leases		4.0			4.0
Office leases		1.6			1.4
All operating leases		43.8			53.4
Finance leases		2.3			2.7

Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases
Ground leases - Unimproved at commencement		5.37	%		5.22	%
Ground leases - Existing improvements		4.92	%		4.00	%
Equipment leases		5.28	%		5.45	%
Office leases		4.82	%		2.46	%
All operating leases		5.28	%		5.08	%
Finance leases		4.99	%		5.00	%

The Company’s future minimum lease payments required under leases as of June 30, 2024 were as follows:

Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2024 (remainder of year)	$	2,525		$	13
2025		5,342			24
2026		6,545			17
2027		7,075			2
2028		7,268			-
Thereafter		394,641			-
Total lease payments		423,396			56
Less imputed interest		(297,930	)		(3	)
Total	$	125,466		$	53

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Lessor

The Company leases the hangar facilities that it constructs to third-party tenants. These leases have been classified as operating leases. The Company does not have any leases classified as sales-type or direct financing leases. Lease agreements with tenants are either on a month-to-month basis or have a defined term with an option to extend the term. The defined term leases vary in length from one to ten years with options to renew for additional term(s) given to the lessee. There are no options given to the lessee to purchase the underlying assets.

The leases may contain variable fees, most commonly in the form of tenant reimbursements, which are recoveries of the common area maintenance and operating expenses of the property and are recognized as income in the same period as the expenses are incurred. The leases did not have any initial direct costs. The leases do not contain any restrictions or covenants to incur additional financial obligations by the lessee.

Tenant leases to which the Company is the lessor require the following non-cancelable future minimum lease payments from tenants as of June 30, 2024:

Year Ending December 31,	*Operating Leases*
2024 (remainder of year)	$	5,832
2025		10,429
2026		8,188
2027		5,446
2028		3,500
Thereafter		2,775
Total lease payments		36,170
Less rent concessions to be applied at Company’s discretion		(214	)
Total	$	35,956

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9.	Bonds payable, loans payable, and interest

Bonds payable

On May 20, 2021, Sky formed a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Sky Harbour Capital LLC (“SHC”), as a parent corporation to its wholly-owned subsidiaries that operate each of the aircraft hangar development sites under its ground leases. SHC and these subsidiaries form an Obligated Group (the “Obligated Group” or the “Borrowers”) under a series of bonds that were issued in September 2021 with a principal amount of $166.3 million (the “Series 2021 Bonds”). The members of the Obligated Group are jointly and severally liable under the Series 2021 Bonds. SHG and its other subsidiaries are not members of the Obligated Group and have no obligation to repay the bonds.

The Series 2021 Bonds are payable pursuant to a loan agreement dated September 1, 2021 between the Public Finance Authority (of Wisconsin) and the Borrowers. The payments by the Borrowers under the loan agreement are secured by a Senior Master Indenture Promissory Note, Series 2021-1 issued by the Obligated Group under an indenture (the “Master Indenture”). The obligations of the Borrowers are collateralized by certain leasehold and subleasehold deeds of trust or mortgages on the Borrowers’ interests in the development sites and facilities being constructed at each airport where the Borrowers hold ground leases. In addition, the Borrowers have assigned, pledged and granted a first priority security interest in all funds held under the Master Indenture and all right, title and interest in the gross revenues of the Borrowers. Furthermore, Sky, Sky Harbour Holdings LLC and SHC have each pledged as collateral its respective ownership interest in any of the Borrowers.

The Series 2021 Bonds have principal amounts, interest rates, and maturity dates as follow: $21.1 million bearing interest at 4.00%, due July 1, 2036; $30.4 million bearing interest at 4.00%, due July 1, 2041; and $114.8 million bearing interest at 4.25%, due July 1, 2054. The Series 2021 Bond that has a maturity date of July 1, 2036 was issued at a premium, and the Company received bond proceeds that were $0.2 million above its face value. The bond premium is being amortized as a reduction of interest expense over the life of the bond. Interest is payable on each January 1 and July 1, commencing January 1, 2022. Principal repayments due under the Series 2021 Bonds are paid annually, commencing July 1, 2032.

On March 22, 2023, SHC elected to modify the scope of the Series 2021 Bonds pursuant to the terms of the Master Indenture, in order to reallocate a portion of the proceeds of the Series 2021 Bonds to its project site located at ADS (the “ADS Project”) . In connection with the election to modify the scope of the Series 2021 PABs to include the ADS Project, (i) Addison Hangars LLC (“Sky Harbour Addison”) and OPF Hangars Landlord LLC (“OPF Hangars”) joined as members of the Obligated Group, (ii) Sky Harbour Holdings LLC contributed its membership interest in OPF Hangars to SHC, (iii) SHC pledged its equity interest in each of Sky Harbour Addison and OPF Hangars to the Master Trustee as security for the obligations under the Series 2021 Bonds, (iv) Sky Harbour Addison granted to the Master Trustee a mortgage on its leasehold interest in the real property comprising the ADS Project, (v) OPF Hangars granted the Master Trustee a mortgage on its leasehold interest in the real estate comprising the project located in Opa Locka, Florida, and (vi) Sky Harbour Services LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, has agreed to waive all management fees and development fees during the construction period of the projects associated with the Series 2021 Bonds.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of the Company’s Series 2021-1 Bonds was approximately $134.2 million and $116.5 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of the Company’s bonds is estimated utilizing Level 2 inputs including prices for the bonds on inactive markets.

The following table summarizes the Company’s Bonds payable as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Bonds payable:
Series 2021 Bonds Principal	$	166,340		$	166,340
Premium on bonds		249			249
Bond proceeds		166,589			166,589
Debt issuance costs		(4,753	)		(4,753	)
Accumulated amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of bond premium		686			584
Total Bonds payable, net	$	162,522		$	162,420

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Loans Payable and Finance Leases

The following table summarizes the Company's loans payable and finance lease liabilities as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

		June 30, 2024					December 31, 2023
	Maturity Dates	Weighted-Average Interest Rates			Balance		Weighted-Average Interest Rates			Balance
Vista Loan	December 2025		8.61	%	$	7,996		8.53	%	$	8,768
Equipment loans	August 2026 - September 2028		8.02	%		359		8.09	%		475
Finance leases	September 2024 - July 2027		4.99	%		53		5.00	%		67
Total Loans payable and finance leases			8.56	%	$	8,408		8.47	%	$	9,310

Interest

The following table sets forth the details of interest expense:

	*Three months ended*				*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*		*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Interest		$ 1,922		$ 1,817		$ 3,851		$ 3,552
Accretion of bond premium and amortization of debt issuance costs		51		53		102		106
Total interest incurred		1,973		1,870		3,953		3,658
Less: capitalized interest		(1,786)		(1,788)		(3,572)		(3,576)
Interest expense		$ 187		$ 82		$ 381		$ 82

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10.

Warrants

SHG's legal predecessor, Yellowstone Acquisition Company (“YAC”), issued to third-party investors 6,799,439 warrants which entitled the holder to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share (the “Public Warrants”). In addition, 7,719,779 private placement warrants were sold to BOC Yellowstone LLC (the “Sponsor”). Each Private Warrant allows the Sponsor to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. The Public Warrants and Private Warrants remain outstanding under the same terms and conditions to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. The terms of the Private Warrants are identical to those of the Public Warrants, except for that so long as the Private Warrants are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees, they may be exercised on a cashless basis.

In connection with the Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Private Placement Purchase Agreement”) entered into on November 1, 2023 with certain investors, the Company issued to third-party investors 1,541,600 warrants (the “PIPE Warrants”, and together with the Public Warrants and the Private Warrants, the “Warrants”). The PIPE Warrants are equivalent in form and substance to the Company’s Public Warrants.

The Warrants contain an exercise price of $11.50 per share and expire on January 25, 2027. The Company determined the fair value of its Public Warrants and PIPE Warrants based on the publicly listed trading price as of the valuation date. Accordingly, these warrants are classified as Level 1 financial instruments. As the terms of the Private Warrants are identical to those of the Public Warrants, the Company determined the fair value of its Private Warrants based on the publicly listed trading price of the Public Warrants as of the valuation date and have classified the Private Warrants as Level 2 financial instruments.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, 3,639 and 257,342 Warrants were exercised, respectively, resulting in approximately $3.0 million of proceeds. As of June 30, 2024, 15,803,001 Warrants remain outstanding.

The closing price of the Warrants was $1.24 and $0.75 per warrant on June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The aggregate fair value of the outstanding Warrants was approximately $19.6 million and $12.0 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded unrealized gains associated with the change in fair value of the Warrants of approximately $8.2 million and $2.6 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded unrealized losses associated with the change in fair value of the Warrants of approximately $8.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

11.

Equity

Common Equity

As of June 30, 2024, there were 24,878,700 and 42,046,356 shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock outstanding, respectively. Holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to the stockholders for their vote or approval, except as required by applicable law. Holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to the stockholders for their vote or approval.

The holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends, as and if declared by the Company’s Board of Directors out of legally available funds. With respect to stock dividends, holders of Class A Common Stock must receive Class A Common Stock. The holders of Class B Common Stock do not have any right to receive dividends other than stock dividends consisting of shares of Class B Common Stock, as applicable, in each case paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding share of Class B Common Stock.

At-the-Market Facility

On March 27, 2024, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“B. Riley”) with respect to an “at the market” offering program (the “ATM Facility”), under which the Company may, from time to time, at its sole discretion, issue and sell through B. Riley, acting as sales agent, up to $100 million of shares of Class A Common Stock. Pursuant to the ATM Agreement, the Company may sell the shares through B. Riley by any method permitted that is deemed an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. B. Riley will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the shares from time to time, based upon instructions from the Company, including any price or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions the Company may impose. The Company will pay B. Riley a commission of 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold under the ATM Agreement, subject to certain reductions. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company sold 7,407 shares of Class A Common Stock under the ATM Facility at a weighted-average sales price of $12.42.

The Company is not obligated to sell any shares under the ATM Agreement. The offering of shares pursuant to the ATM Agreement will terminate upon the earlier to occur of (i) the issuance and sale, through B. Riley, of all of the shares subject to the ATM Agreement and (ii) termination of the ATM Agreement in accordance with its terms.

In connection with entering into the ATM Agreement, on March 27, 2024, the Company and B. Riley terminated (the “B. Riley Termination”) the Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “B. Riley Stock Purchase Agreement”) dated August 18, 2022. As a result of the B. Riley Termination, the Company recognized approximately $0.1 million of expense associated with the write-off of deferred equity issuance costs. From August 18, 2022 through March 27, 2024, the Company had not directed B. Riley to purchase any Class A Common Stock pursuant to the B. Riley Stock Purchase Agreement.

Non-controlling interests

The LLC Interests’ ownership in Sky is presented as non-controlling interests within the Equity section of the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2024 and represents the Sky Common Units held by holders other than SHG. The holders of LLC Interests may exchange Sky Common Units along with an equal number of Class B Common Shares, for Class A Common Shares on the Company. The LLC Interests do not have the option to redeem their Sky Common Units for cash or a variable number of Class A Common Shares, nor does SHG have the option to settle a redemption in such a manner. As of June 30, 2024, the LLC interests owned approximately 62.8% of the Sky Common Units outstanding.

The former majority shareholder's ownership in Overflow is presented as a non-controlling interest within the Equity section of the consolidated balance sheet. As of June 30, 2024, the former majority shareholder owned approximately 49% of the partnership interests in Overflow.

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12.

Equity Compensation

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

In February 2024, the Company granted time-based RSUs to certain employees under the Company’s 2022 Incentive Award Plan. 430,002 of time-based awards were granted at a grant date fair value of $12.33, which will vest ratably over a four-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date and ending on February 15, 2028.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of approximately $0.9 million and $1.9 million, respectively, associated with all RSU awards, which is recorded within General and Administrative Expenses within the statement of operations. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively. As of June 30 2024, there are approximately 1,029,697 unvested RSUs outstanding with a weighted average grant date fair value of $9.82. The unrecognized compensation costs associated with all unvested RSUs at June 30, 2024 was approximately $8.4 million that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average future period of 2.9 years.

Non-qualified Stock Options (“NSOs”)

In February 2024, the Company granted to certain employees options to purchase 438,781 shares of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.63 under the Company's 2022 Incentive Award Plan. The NSOs vest ratably over a four-year period beginning on the sixth anniversary of the grant date and have a term of 10 years. The options were valued at $7.32 using a Black -Scholes pricing model. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized stock compensation expense of $0.1 million associated with all NSO awards. The unrecognized compensation costs associated with all unvested NSOs at June 30, 2024 was approximately $3.1 million that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average future period of 8.6 years.

Sky Incentive Units

The Company recognized equity-based compensation expense relating to awarded equity units of Sky (the “Sky Incentive Units”) of $45 and $91 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $81 and $166 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. Expense associated with the Sky Incentive Units is recorded within General and Administrative Expenses within the statement of operations, and as a component of the non-controlling interest in the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. As of June 30, 2024, there was $0.2 million of total unrecognized compensation expense that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average future period of 0.9 years.

13.

Earnings (loss) per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to SHG by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to SHG, adjusted for the assumed exchange of all potentially dilutive securities, by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive shares using the treasury stock or if-converted method as appropriate. Shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock do not participate in the earnings or losses of the Company and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share of Class B Common Stock under the two-class method has not been presented.

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023			June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	4,163		$	(1,634	)	$	(17,036	)	$	(10,394	)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		(1,598	)		(2,412	)		(3,858	)		(4,978	)
Basic net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders		5,761			778			(13,178	)		(5,416	)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to LLC Interests		(1,462	)		(2,412	)		-			-
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders	$	4,299		$	(1,634	)	$	(13,178	)	$	(5,416	)

Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding		24,734			15,167			24,504			15,076
Effect of dilutive exchange of Class B Common Stock		42,046			42,046			-			-
Effect of dilutive exchange of Sky Incentive Units		2,538			-			-			-
Effect of dilutive restricted stock		216			-			-			-
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		69,534			57,213			24,504			15,076

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Basic	$	0.23		$	0.05		$	(0.54	)	$	(0.36	)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Diluted	$	0.06		$	(0.03	)	$	(0.54	)	$	(0.36	)

Potentially dilutive shares excluded from the weighted-average shares used to calculate the diluted net earnings (loss) per common share were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023
Shares subject to unvested restricted stock units		813		1,005		1,030		1,005
Shares issuable upon the exercise of unvested stock options		439		-		439		-
Shares issuable upon the exercise of Warrants		15,803		14,519		15,803		14,519
Shares issuable upon the exchange of Class B Common Stock		-		-		42,046		42,046
Shares issuable upon the exercise and exchange of Sky Incentive Units		18		2,808		2,556		2,808

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14.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table summarizes the components of Accumulated other comprehensive income:

	Unrealized gain on Available-for-sale Securities			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	312		$	312
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		462			462
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense		(707	)		(707	)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	67		$	67

	Unrealized gain on Available-for-sale Securities			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(102	)	$	(102	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		317			317
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense		(102	)		(102	)
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	113		$	113

15.

Commitments and Contingencies

In addition to the lease payment commitments discussed in Note 8 — Leases, the ground leases to which the Company is a party contain covenants that require the Company to conduct construction of hangar facilities on the leased grounds within a certain period and in some cases, to spend a minimum dollar amount.

The APA Lease requires the Company to improve the property in accordance with a development plan included in the lease and to complete such improvements within 24-months of the issuance of permitting documents. Construction began on the APA Phase I project in October 2022.

The DVT Lease requires approximately $15.3 million and $14.6 million of improvements to be made for Phase I and for Phase II, if such option is exercised, respectively, within 12-months after receiving permitting documents for each Phase, but in no event later than May 2026. Construction began on the DVT Phase I project in December 2022.

The Company has committed to spend $10.0 million in capital improvements on the ADS construction project. If this amount is not expended, the Company is subject to a reduction of the term of the lease.

The PWK Lease contains a requirement that the Company must commence construction within six months of the issuance of permits and must complete construction within 18 months of construction commencement. If the Company is unable to adhere to the prescribed timeline and unable to receive an extension from PWK, the PWK Lease is subject to termination.

The SJC Lease contains customary milestones by which the Company must complete additional construction.

The ORL Lease requires that the Company construct $30 million of improvements in its initial phase of construction within 24 months of the effective date of the lease. The ORL Lease contains other customary milestones by which the Company must commence and complete subsequent phases of construction.

The Company has contracts for construction of the APA Phase I, DVT Phase I, and ADS Phase I projects. The Company may terminate any of the contracts or suspend construction without cause. There are no termination penalties under the construction contracts.

In addition to the matters described in this note, the Company is involved is various legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of its business. Although the Company cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of these matters, which involve judgements that are inherently subjective, the Company does not expect that the ultimate disposition of such other contingencies or matters will materially affect its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

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16.

Related Party Transactions

On September 20, 2021, the Company entered into a non-exclusive agreement with Echo Echo, LLC, a related party to the Founder and CEO, for the use of a Beechcraft Baron G58 aircraft. The effective date of the agreement was September 8, 2021 and the agreement automatically renews annually. The agreement can be terminated without penalty if either party provides 35 days written notice, or if the aircraft is sold or otherwise disposed of. The Company is charged per flight hour of use along with all direct operating costs. Additionally, the Company will also incur the pro rata share of maintenance, overhead and insurance costs of the aircraft. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized $18 and $87 of expense, respectively, within General and administrative expense under the terms of this agreement. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized $54 and $116 of expense, respectively, associated with this agreement. The related liability is included in Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2024.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company recognized $0 of expense for consulting services, to a company that employed the chief financial officer until prior to July 1, 2021. The Company recognized $8 and $95 of expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, to the same company.

17.

Subsequent Events

On August 8, 2024, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a ground lease agreement (the “SLC Lease”) at Salt Lake City International Airport (“SLC”) with the Salt Lake City Corporation. The SLC Lease covers approximately 8.4 acres of property at SLC. The initial term of the SLC Lease will be 30 years from the earlier of certificate of occupancy or 24 months from the expiration of the diligence period, as defined in the SLC Lease, with lease payments commencing contemporaneously with the term. The SLC Lease contains two options exercisable by the Company to extend the SLC Lease for an additional 20 years following the expiration of the initial term. Under the terms of the SLC Lease, the Company is required to make minimum capital improvements of $40 million.

SLC is owned and operated by the Salt Lake City Corporation and is located in Salt Lake City, Utah.

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ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”), as well as the information contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 27, 2024 (the “Form 10-K”), which is accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the words “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “potential,” “projects,” “predicts,” “continue,” or “should,” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. There can be no assurance that actual results will not materially differ from expectations. These statements are based on management’s current expectations, but actual results may differ materially due to various factors, including, but not limited to:

	•	expectations regarding the Company’s strategies and future financial performance, including the Company’s future business plans or objectives, prospective performance and commercial opportunities and competitors, services, pricing, marketing plans, operating expenses, market trends, revenues, liquidity, cash flows and uses of cash, capital expenditures, and the Company’s ability to invest in growth initiatives;

	•	the effects of general economic conditions, including inflation, rising interest rates, and availability of construction materials and labor for our development projects;

	•	our limited operating history makes it difficult to predict future revenues and operating results;

	•	our ability to implement our construction costs mitigation strategies;

	•	changes in applicable laws or regulations;

	•	the possibility that the Company may be adversely affected by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors; and

•

our financial performance.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. Future developments affecting us may not be those that we have anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) and other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Form 10-K. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws. These risks and others described in the Form 10-K may not be exhaustive.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. We caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and developments in the industry in which we operate may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. In addition, even if our results or operations, financial condition and liquidity, and developments in the industry in which we operate are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods.

Overview and Background

We are an aviation infrastructure development company building the first nationwide network of home basing hangar campuses for business aircraft. We develop, lease, and manage general aviation hangars across the United States, targeting airfields in markets with significant aircraft populations and high hangar demand. Our home basing hangar campuses feature exclusive private hangars and a full suite of dedicated services specifically optimized for home-based, versus transient, aircraft.

The physical footprint of the U.S. business aviation fleet grew by almost 28 million square feet in the ten years preceding the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, with hangar supply lagging dramatically, especially in key growth markets. As the fleet of private jets in the United States continues to grow, with recent new aircraft deliveries exceeding retirements, demand for hangar space is at a premium in part because new jets require more square footage of hangar space and the pace of new hangar construction has lagged behind the demand. The cumulative square footage of the business aircraft fleet in the United States increased 50% between 2010 and 2021. Moreover, over that same period, there was an 81% increase in the square footage of larger private jets – those with greater than a 24-foot tail height. A recent study conducted by a business aircraft manufacturer forecasted that business aircraft will only continue to grow in the next ten years, with up to 8,500 new business jet deliveries worth over $275 billion expected to be delivered between 2024 and 2033, further supported by data from the major business aviation manufacturers that suggest the current order backlog for new business aviation aircraft is over $49 billion.

These larger footprint aircraft do not fit in much of the existing hangar infrastructure and impose stacking challenges and constraints in the traditional shared or community hangars operated by FBOs. The addition of winglets (the vertical extensions on aircraft wingtips) on most modern business jets inhibits wing-over-wing storage. Aircraft hangars are in high demand and short supply, with some airports compiling waiting lists that can exceed several years.

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We believe our scalable, real estate-centric business model is uniquely optimized to capture this market opportunity and address the increased imbalance between the supply and demand for private jet storage. We intend to capitalize on the existing hangar supply constraints at major U.S. airports by targeting high-end tenants in markets where there is a shortage of private and FBO hangar space, or where such hangars are or are becoming obsolete.

We expect to realize economies of scale in construction through a prototype hangar design replicated at our hangar campuses across the United States. This allows for centralized procurement, straightforward permitting processes, efficient development processes, and the best hangar in business aviation. Unlike a service company, our revenues are mostly derived from long-term rental agreements, offering stability and forward visibility of revenues and cash flows. This allows the Company to fund its development through the public bond market, providing capital efficiency and mitigating refinance risk.

We seek to develop our home basing hangar campuses on long-term ground leases (or sub-leases thereof) at airports with suitable infrastructure serving metropolitan centers across the United States. We lease each of our properties under long-term ground leases.

The table below presents certain information with respect to our portfolio as of June 30, 2024.

●

Addison Airport (“ADS”), Addison, TX (Dallas area);

●

Bradley International Airport (“BDL”), Windsor Locks, CT (Hartford area);

●

Centennial Airport (“APA”), Englewood, CO (Denver area);

●

Chicago Executive Airport (“PWK”), Wheeling, IL (Chicago area);

●

Hudson Valley Regional Airport (“POU”), Wappingers Falls, NY (New York area);

●

Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport (“OPF”), Opa Locka, FL (Miami area);

●

Nashville International Airport (“BNA”), Nashville, TN;

●

Orlando Executive Airport (“ORL”), Orlando, FL;

●

Phoenix Deer Valley Airport (“DVT”), Phoenix, AZ;

●

San José Mineta International Airport (“SJC”), San Jose, CA; and

●

Sugar Land Regional Airport (“SGR”), Sugar Land, TX (Houston area); and

●

Washington Dulles International Airport (“IAD”), Dulles, VA (Washington, DC area).

PROPERTIES IN OPERATION

Facility	Completion Date	Hangars		Rentable Square Footage		% of Total Rentable Square Footage			Occupancy at June 30, 2024
SGR	December 2020		7		66,080		16.3	%		100.0	%
BNA	November 2022		10		149,069		36.7	%		95.5	%
OPF Phase I	February 2023		12		160,092		39.5	%		100.0	%
SJC	Existing facility		1		41,464		7.5	%		53.0	%
Total/Weighted Average			30		416,705		100.0	%		93.7	%

PROPERTIES IN DEVELOPMENT

		Projected	Projected	Estimated Total
		Construction	Completion	Construction Cost		Rentable
Facility	Status	Start ⁽¹⁾	Date ⁽¹⁾	($mm) ⁽¹⁾	Hangars ⁽¹⁾	Square Footage ⁽¹⁾
ADS Phase I	In Construction	Q4 2023	Q1 2025	32.9 - 34.9	6	115,506
ADS Phase II	Predevelopment	Q1 2025	Q1 2026	31.8 - 35.8	4	106,627
APA Phase I	In Construction	Q4 2022	Q1 2025	44.8 - 50.8	9	130,550
APA Phase II	Predevelopment	Q2 2025	Q3 2026	34.3 - 38.3	3	107,135
BDL Phase I	Predevelopment	Q2 2025	Q3 2026	33.2 - 37.2	3	109,317
DVT Phase I	In Construction	Q4 2022	Q1 2025	48.3 - 53.6	8	134,270
DVT Phase II	Predevelopment	Q3 2026	Q4 2027	34.6 - 38.6	6	123,646
IAD Phase I	Predevelopment	Q3 2025	Q4 2026	55.0 - 60.0	4	174,070
OPF Phase II	In Development	Q1 2025	Q2 2026	35.8 - 39.8	3	109,394
ORL Phase I	Predevelopment	Q3 2025	Q4 2026	31.9 - 35.9	2	81,285
POU Phase I	Predevelopment	Q2 2025	Q3 2026	28.2 - 32.2	2	87,760
POU Phase II ⁽²⁾	Predevelopment	TBD	TBD	TBD	TBD	TBD
PWK Phase I	Predevelopment	Q2 2025	Q3 2026	52.9 - 56.9	4	145,025
SJC Renovation	In Construction	Q2 2024	Q3 2024	4.5 - 5.8	1	9,260
SJC Phase II	Predevelopment	Q1 2026	Q4 2026	21.0 - 24.0	1	28,235
Total				$489.2 - 543.8	56	1,462,080

	⁽¹⁾	^{Our projections associated with the commencement and completion of construction, estimated total construction cost, hangars, and rentable square footage of our properties in development are inherently subjective and require judgement to estimate. We believe that our estimates of construction costs and timelines are subject to variability based on various factors including, but not limited to, changes in anticipated site plans, hangar mix, hangar specifications, executed guaranteed maximum price construction contracts, and general market conditions.}
	⁽²⁾	^{We have not yet formed preliminary estimates regarding the projected construction timeline, total construction costs, or hangar mix associated with our POU Phase II development project.}

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Recent Developments

In May 2024, we entered into the IAD Lease at IAD with MWAA. The IAD Lease covers approximately 18 acres of property at IAD. The initial term of the IAD Lease will be approximately 50 years and expire on March 31, 2074, and contains an option exercisable by us to extend the IAD Lease an additional 10 years following the expiration of the initial term. The IAD Lease requires us to commence construction related to IAD Phase II within five years of the receipt of the certificate of occupancy for IAD Phase I.

In August 2024, we entered into the SLC Lease at SLC with the Salt Lake City Corporation. The SLC Lease covers approximately 8.4 acres of property at SLC. The initial term of the SLC Lease will be 30 years from the earlier of certificate of occupancy or 24 months from the expiration of the diligence period, as defined in the SLC Lease, with lease payments commencing contemporaneously with the term. The SLC Lease contains two options exercisable by us to extend the SLC Lease for an additional 20 years following the expiration of the initial term. Under the terms of the SLC Lease, we are required to make minimum capital improvements of $40 million.

Factors That May Influence Future Results of Operations

Revenues

Our revenues are derived from rents we earn pursuant to the lease agreements we enter into with our tenants. Our ability to expand through new ground leases and tenant leases at airports is integral to our long-term business strategy and requires that we identify and consummate suitable new ground leases or investment opportunities in real estate properties for our portfolio that meet our investment criteria and are compatible with our growth strategy. Our ability to enter into new ground leases and tenant leases on favorable terms, or at all, may be adversely affected by a number of factors. We believe that the business environment of the industry segments in which our tenants operate is generally positive for tenants. However, our existing and potential tenants are subject to economic, regulatory and market conditions that may affect their level of operations and demand for hangar space, which could impact our results of operations. For example, during the year ended December 31, 2023, a tenant renting two hangars at OPF made the determination that it was necessary to change its business plans in the greater Miami market, which ultimately resulted in the negotiated settlement of the tenant’s lease with us and their exit from our OPF hangar campus. Accordingly, we actively monitor certain key factors, including changes in those factors (fuel prices, new aircraft deliveries, hangar rental rates) that we believe may provide early indications of conditions that may affect the level of demand for new leases and our lease portfolio. See “—Risks Related to our Business and Operations” within the Form 10-K for more information about the risks related to our tenants and our lease payments.

Ground Lease Expense

One of our largest expenses is the lease payments under our ground leases. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, our operating lease expense for ground leases was $3.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively. We elect to expense rather than capitalize ground lease expense incurred at hangar campus sites under development and will incur expense under U.S. GAAP regardless of whether our ground leases defer cash rent payments until completion of construction. As we enter into new ground leases at new airport sites, our ground lease expense and associated cash payments to airport landlords will ultimately continue to increase into the future. If airport landlords increase the per acre cost of the ground lease of our target campuses, the operating margins at potential target developments may be impacted negatively.

Interest Expense

Economic conditions and actions by policymaking bodies are contributing to rising interest rates, which, along with increases in our borrowing levels, could increase our future borrowing costs. We expect to issue additional debt to finance future site developments and higher interest rates would impact our overall economic performance. In addition, we are subject to credit spreads demanded by fixed income investors. As a non-rated issuer, increases in general of credit spreads in the market, or for us, may result in a higher cost of borrowing in the future. We intend to access the bond market on an opportunistic basis. In addition, we may hedge against rising benchmark interest rates by entering into hedging strategies with high quality counterparties.

General and Administrative Expenses

The general and administrative expenses reflected in our statement of operations are reflective of the professional, legal and consulting fees, payroll costs, and other general and administrative expenses, including those necessary to support our business as a public company such as expenses associated with corporate governance, SEC reporting, and other compliance matters. While we expect that our general and administrative expenses will rise in some measure as our portfolio of campuses grows, we expect that such expenses as a percentage of our portfolio will decrease over time due to efficiencies, economies of scale, insourcing of job functions, and cost control measures.

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Construction Material Costs and Labor

When constructing our home basing hangar campuses, we use various materials, assemblies, and labor components. We contract for our materials and labor with various general contractors under guaranteed maximum price (GMP) contracts upon receipt of building permits. This allows us to mitigate certain inflationary pressures associated with increases in certain building materials and labor costs between the time construction begins at a hangar campus and the time it is completed. Typically, the materials and most of the components used to construct our hangar campuses are readily available in the United States. We continue to monitor the supply markets and ensure robust competition to achieve the best prices available. Typically, the price changes that most significantly influence our operations are price increases in steel, concrete, and labor. We believe that recent inflationary pressures and market conditions will lead to continued increases in construction costs and market rental rates for hangars within our development projects. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to increase the lease rates for the hangars within our hangar campuses to absorb these increased costs and/or delays, if at all.

In May 2023, we acquired a controlling interest in Rapidbuilt, a metal building and hangar door manufacturer, that we expect will ultimately result in an increase in quality and a reduction in the overall cost of the metal building and hangar door components at future development projects. We expect that over time this vertical integration will enable us to deliver metal buildings to most of our development sites in shorter times as compared to the anticipated lead times associated with conventional metal building fabricators. We believe internal building fabrication will provide us opportunities to aggressively target continued schedule compression at most of our development projects in the future. In December 2023, we engaged several structural engineering firms to perform an independent peer review of the hangar buildings designed for our DVT Phase I and APA Phase I development projects. The independent peer reviews determined a significant design defect existed within our prototype hangar building designs that requires retrofitting to both meet and exceed our standards and the respective local building codes. The anticipated retrofitting efforts are also expected to be applied to ADS Phase I, and we project that the aggregate additional cost of such retrofits could total between $26 to $28 million and require an additional three to five months of construction duration for each project impacted. Given the planned design enhancements at our APA Phase I, DVT Phase I, and ADS Phase I development projects, we anticipate that our total construction costs for these projects to each be greater than our original estimates, and outside of the scope of the guaranteed maximum price construction contracts. In March 2024, we funded the increase in estimated costs by contributing $27 million of our corporate cash holdings to SHC, thereby restricting the use of such cash to the project scope of the Series 2021 Bonds.

Our projections associated with the commencement and completion of construction, estimated total construction cost, hangars, and rentable square footage of our properties in development are inherently subjective and require judgement to estimate. We believe that our estimates of construction costs and timelines are subject to variability based on various factors including, but not limited to, changes in anticipated site plans, hangar mix, hangar specifications, executed guaranteed maximum price construction contracts, and general market conditions. In May 2024, we updated many of our preliminary estimates based on our intention to begin incorporating a larger hangar prototype into our home basing hangar campuses, which is intended to provide an increase in rentable square footage of hangar, office, and lounge space upon completion. This larger hangar prototype requires an increase in construction materials and components, and we expect its incorporation into multiple future development projects will ultimately result in cost savings through the realization of economies of scale. Our updated estimates of total construction costs do not include projections of potential cost reductions due to such efficiencies. We intend to continue to aggressively mitigate inflationary pressures, reduce construction costs to the greatest extent possible, and pursue compressed development schedules. We currently structure our guaranteed maximum price construction contracts with shared savings clauses to incentivize the general contractors to reduce construction costs. No assurance can be given that our cost mitigation strategies will be successful, the costs of our ongoing and future projects will not exceed budgets or the guaranteed maximum price for such projects, or that the completion will not be delayed beyond the projected completion dates.

Current Capital Requirements and Future Expenditures for Expansion

We previously funded SHC with over $200 million to fund the two phases at our initial five ground leased airport locations. We maintain the ability to include up to $50 million in new projects outside the original five locations to be funded with a portion of the existing proceeds held by the trustee as long as certain approvals and supplemental consultant reports are provided showing that such new project would result in better coverage of debt service than previously contemplated projects. We exercised this ability utilizing approximately $26 million of the $50 million available and received the requisite approvals and reports in March 2023 with respect to our ADS Phase I development project.

We previously raised equity capital, along with potential future debt and further equity issuances, including the Private Placement Purchase Agreement entered into on November 1, 2023, see Liquidity and Capital Resources — Private Placement and Securities Purchase Agreement below, to begin to fund additional airport campuses and reach up to 20 airport campuses over the next several years. We also have the ability to access the capital markets through our ATM Facility and through our effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3. On average, each future campus is anticipated to be composed of at least 200,000 rentable square feet and is expected to cost approximately $55 million per campus, with 60% or more to be funded with additional private activity bonds or other indebtedness. All future hangar campus projects are discretionary and require us to identify the appropriate airports with the target hangar demand economics, secure required ground leases and permits, and complete future construction at such sites.

The cumulative 20 airport site business plan is estimated to cost approximately $1.2 billion, with approximately 65% to 75% anticipated from private activity bonds and the balance with equity or equity linked financing. Our ability to raise additional equity and/or debt financing will be subject to a number of risks, including our ability to obtain financing upon reasonable terms, if at all, costs of construction, delays in constructing new facilities, operating results, and other risk factors. In the event that we are unable to obtain additional financing, we may be required to raise additional equity capital, creating additional dilution to existing stockholders. There can be no assurance that we would be successful in raising such additional equity capital on favorable terms, if at all. Even if we can obtain such additional equity financing if needed, there can be no assurance that we would be successful in raising such additional financing on favorable terms, if at all.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following as our critical accounting policies:

Use of Estimates

Cost of Construction

Cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheets is carried at cost. The cost of acquiring an asset includes the costs necessary to bring a capital project to the condition necessary for its intended use. Costs are capitalized once the construction of a specific capital project is probable. Construction labor and other direct costs of construction are capitalized. Professional fees for engineering, procurement, consulting, and other soft costs that are directly identifiable with the project and are considered an incremental direct cost are capitalized. We allocate a portion of our internal salaries to both capitalized cost of construction and to general and administrative expense based on the percentage of time certain employees worked in the related areas. Interest costs on the loans and bonds used to fund the capital projects are also capitalized until the capital project is completed. Once a capital project is complete, the cost of the capital project is reclassified to Constructed Assets on the accompanying balance sheet and we begin to depreciate the constructed asset on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the life of the asset or the remaining term of the related ground lease, including expected renewal terms.

Leases

We account for leases under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases. We determine whether a contract contains a lease at the inception of the contract. ASC Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize operating lease liabilities and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets for all leases with terms of more than 12 months on the consolidated balance sheets. We have made an accounting policy election that will keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off our consolidated balance sheets and will result in recognizing those lease payments in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When management determines that it is reasonably certain that we will exercise our options to renew the leases, the renewal terms are included in the lease term and the resulting ROU asset and operating lease liability balances. We have elected to not capitalize any interest cost that is implicit within our operating leases into cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheet, but instead, we expense our ground lease cost in the consolidated statements of operations.

We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components; we have elected the accounting policy to not separate lease and non-lease components for all underlying asset classes.

Revenue Recognition

We lease hangar facilities that we construct to third parties. The lease agreements are either on a month-to-month basis or have a defined term and may have options to extend the term. Some of the leases contain options to terminate the lease by either party with given notice. There are no options given to the lessee to purchase the underlying assets. Rental revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases, and includes (i) fixed payments of cash rents, which represents revenue each tenant pays in accordance with the terms of its respective lease and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and (ii) variable payments of tenant reimbursements, which are recoveries of all or a portion of the common area maintenance and operating expenses of the property and are recognized in the same period as the expenses are incurred.

The Company evaluates the collectability of tenant receivables for payments required under the lease agreements. If the Company determines that collectability is not probable, the Company recognizes any difference between revenue amounts recognized to date under ASC 842 and payments that have been collected from the lessee, including any additional rent or lease termination fees, as a current period adjustment to rental revenue.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 — Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a full description of recent accounting pronouncements including the expected dates of adoption and effects on results of operations and financial condition.

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Results of Operations

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023

The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated below and the changes between the periods (in thousands).

	Three months ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023			Change
Revenue:
Rental revenue	$	3,618		$	1,728		$	1,890
Total revenue		3,618			1,728			1,890

Expenses:
Operating		3,339			1,711			1,628
Depreciation		642			531			111
General and administrative		4,595			3,732			863
Total expenses		8,576			5,974			2,602

Operating loss		(4,958	)		(4,246	)		(712	)

Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		187			82			105
Unrealized gain on warrants		(8,219	)		(2,613	)		(5,606	)
Other income		(1,089	)		(81	)		(1,008	)
Total other (income) expense		(9,121	)		(2,612	)		(6,509	)

Net income (loss)	$	4,163		$	(1,634	)	$	5,797

Revenues

Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2024 were approximately $3.6 million, compared to approximately $1.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The $1.9 million, or 109%, increase was primarily the result of the commencement of operations at SJC during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and the impact of increased occupancy at our BNA and OPF hangar campuses. Revenue associated with our delivery of aircraft fuel increased approximately $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses increased approximately $1.6 million, or 95%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in operated expense is primarily reflective of increased ground lease expense, which increased approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in ground lease expense was driven primarily by a full quarter of expense associated with the ground lease signed at SJC during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in ground lease expense was also driven by the ground leases signed at PWK, BDL, and POU during the three months ended December 31, 2023, ORL during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and IAD during the three months ended June 30, 2024. Salaries, wages, and benefits associated with our campus personnel increased by approximately $0.2 million, primarily driven by a headcount increase associated with the commencement of operations at our SJC hangar campus. Other operating expenses increased by approximately $0.1 million, primarily driven by increased utility, insurance, and other start-up expenses associated with the commencement of operations at our SJC hangar campus.

Depreciation Expense

Depreciation increased approximately $0.1 million, or 21%, for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was driven by the placement of additional ground support equipment into service throughout 2023 and 2024 and a full quarter of depreciation related to Rapidbuilt, which was acquired during the three months ended June 30, 2023.

General and Administrative Expenses

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, general and administrative expenses were approximately $4.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively. The approximately $0.9 million, or 23%, increase was primarily due to an approximately $0.9 million increase in salaries, wages, and other benefits, driven by an increase in corporate headcount and expense recognized associated with our equity compensation programs. Headcount and compensation expenses increased approximately $0.4 million and non-cash equity compensation expense increased approximately $0.5 million.

Other (Income) Expense

Other income increased from approximately $2.6 million to approximately $9.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. This increase was primarily due to an approximately $5.6 million difference in the mark-to-market adjustment of the outstanding warrants at June 30, 2024 as compared to June 30, 2023. The increase was also partially due to an approximately $1.0 million increase in other income, primarily due to interest earned on our investments in U.S. Treasuries classified as available for sale.

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023

The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated below and the changes between the periods (in thousands).

	Six months ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023			Change
Revenue:
Rental revenue	$	6,022		$	2,835		$	3,187
Total revenue		6,022			2,835			3,187

Expenses:
Operating		5,422			3,503			1,919
Depreciation		1,271			980			291
General and administrative		9,511			7,282			2,229
Total expenses		16,204			11,765			4,439

Operating loss		(10,182	)		(8,930	)		(1,252	)

Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		381			82			299
Unrealized loss on warrants		7,969			1,597			6,372
Other income		(1,496	)		(215	)		(1,281	)
Total other (income) expense		6,854			1,464			5,390

Net loss	$	(17,036	)	$	(10,394	)	$	(6,642	)

Revenues

Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2024 were approximately $6.0 million, compared to approximately $2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The $3.2 million, or 112%, increase was primarily the result of the commencement of operations at our SJC hangar campus and the cumulative impact of certain additional tenant leases in place at our BNA and OPF hangar campuses as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The commencement of operations at our SJC hangar campus together with the increase in occupancy at our OPF and BNA hangar campuses for the six months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to June 30, 2023 resulted in increased rental revenues of approximately $2.6 million. Revenue associated with our delivery of aircraft fuel increased approximately $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses increased approximately $1.9 million, or 55%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in operated expense is primarily reflective of increased ground lease expense, which increased approximately $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in ground lease expense was driven primarily by a full quarter of expense associated with the ground lease signed at SJC during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in ground lease expense was also driven by new ground leases signed at PWK, BDL, and POU during the three months ended December 31, 2023 and at ORL and IAD during the six months ended June 30, 2024. Salaries, wages, and benefits associated with our campus personnel increased by approximately $0.2 million, primarily driven by a headcount increase associated with the commencement of operations at our SJC hangar campus.

Depreciation Expense

Depreciation increased approximately $0.3 million, or 30%, for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase reflects a full six months of depreciation associated with our OPF hangar campus, which opened during the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was also partially driven by the placement of additional ground support equipment into service throughout 2023 and 2024 and a full six months of depreciation related to Rapidbuilt, which was acquired during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

General and Administrative Expenses

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, general and administrative expenses were approximately $9.5 million and $7.3 million, respectively. The approximately $2.2 million, or 31%, increase was primarily due to an approximately $2.2 million increase in salaries, wages, and other benefits, driven by an increase in corporate headcount and expense recognized associated with our equity compensation programs. Headcount and compensation expenses increased approximately $1.2 million, and non-cash equity compensation expense increased approximately $1.0 million.

Other (Income) Expense

Other expense increased from approximately $1.5 million to approximately $6.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. This increase was primarily due to an approximately $6.4 million difference in the mark-to-market adjustment of the outstanding warrants at June 30, 2024 as compared to June 30, 2023. The increase was also partially due to an approximately $1.0 million increase in other income, primarily due to interest earned on our investments in U.S. Treasuries classified as available for sale.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund the construction of new assets, fund working capital and other general business needs. Our primary sources of cash include the potential issuance of equity and debt securities and rental payments from tenants. Our long-term liquidity requirements include lease payments under our ground leases with airport authorities, repaying principal and interest on outstanding borrowings, funding the construction costs of our hangar campus development projects (see “— Construction Material Costs and Labor”), funding for operations, and paying accrued expenses.

We believe that we have access to multiple sources of capital to fund our long-term liquidity requirements, including the incurrence of additional private activity bonds and other debt and the issuance of additional equity securities. We also have the ability to utilize our $100 million ATM Facility or otherwise utilize our registration statement on Form S-3 to access the capital markets. However, as we have recently become a publicly-traded company, we cannot assure you that we will have access to these sources of capital or that, even if such sources of capital are available, that these sources of capital will be available on favorable terms. Our ability to incur additional debt will depend on multiple factors, including our degree of leverage, the value of our unencumbered assets and borrowing restrictions that are or may be imposed by future lenders. Our ability to access the equity and debt capital markets will depend on multiple factors as well, including general market conditions for real estate companies, our degree of leverage, the trading price of our common stock and debt and market perceptions about our Company.

Our cash deposits may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and the majority are maintained with a major financial institution with reputable credit. Our restricted cash is held in trust at a major financial institution pursuant to the Series 2021 Bonds indenture. We monitor the relative credit standing of financial institutions with whom we transact and limit the amount of credit exposure with any one entity. Our portfolio of investments and restricted investments is composed entirely of U.S. Treasury securities as of June 30, 2024.

The following table summarizes our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, investments, and restricted investments as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	25,037	$	60,257
Restricted cash		97,267		12,009
Investments		10,066		11,866
Restricted investments		16,743		88,213
Total cash, restricted cash, investments, and restricted investments	$	149,113	$	172,345

Private Placement and Securities Purchase Agreement

On November 1, 2023, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Private Placement Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors (collectively, the “Investors”), pursuant to which we (i) sold and issued to the Investors on November 2, 2023 an aggregate of 6,586,154 shares (the “Initial PIPE Shares”) of our Class A Common Stock and accompanying warrants to purchase up to 1,141,600 shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Initial PIPE Warrants”), for an aggregate purchase price of $42.8 million (the “Initial Financing”), and (ii) sold and issued to the Investors on November 29, 2023 an aggregate of 2,307,692 shares of our Class A Common Stock (the “Additional PIPE Shares” and, together with the Initial PIPE Shares, the “PIPE Shares”) and accompanying warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Additional PIPE Warrants” and, together with the Initial PIPE Warrants, the “PIPE Warrants”) for an aggregate purchase price of $15.0 million. Together with the Initial Financing, the aggregate PIPE financing through the Private Placement Purchase Agreement totaled approximately $57.8 million.

At-the-Market Facility

On March 27, 2024, we entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“B. Riley”) with respect to an “at the market” offering program (the “ATM Facility”), under which we may, from time to time, at our sole discretion, issue and sell through B. Riley, acting as sales agent, up to $100 million of shares of Class A Common Stock. Pursuant to the ATM Agreement, we may sell the shares through B. Riley by any method permitted that is deemed an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. B. Riley will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the shares from time to time, based upon instructions from us, including any price or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions we may impose. We will pay B. Riley a commission of 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold under the ATM Agreement, subject to certain reductions. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we sold 7,407 shares of Class A Common Stock under the ATM Facility at a weighted-average sales price of $12.42.

We are not obligated to sell any shares under the ATM Agreement. The offering of shares pursuant to the ATM Agreement will terminate upon the earlier to occur of (i) the issuance and sale, through B. Riley, of all of the shares subject to the ATM Agreement and (ii) termination of the ATM Agreement in accordance with its terms. We have made limited sales under the ATM Facility to date and will only do so when our stock price is at prices our board of directors deems appropriate.

Private Activity Bonds

On September 14, 2021, SHC completed an issuance through the Public Finance Authority (Wisconsin) of $166.3 million of Senior Special Facility Revenue Bonds (Aviation Facilities Project), Series 2021 (the “PABs”). The PABs are comprised of three maturities: $21.1 million bearing interest at 4.00%, due July 1, 2036; $30.4 million bearing interest at 4.00%, due July 1, 2041; and $114.8 million bearing interest at 4.25%, due July 1, 2054. The Series 2021 Bond that has a maturity date of July 1, 2036 was issued at a premium, and Sky received bond proceeds that were $0.2 million above its face value. The net proceeds from the issuance of the PABs proceeds are being used to (a) finance or refinance the construction of various aviation facilities consisting of general aviation aircraft hangars and storage facilities located and to be located on the SGR site, the OPF site, the BNA site, the APA site, and the DVT site; (b) fund debt service and other operating expenses such as ground lease expense during the initial construction period; (c) fund deposits to the Debt Service Reserve Fund; and (d) pay certain costs of issuance related to the PABs.

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Debt Covenants

The PABs contain financial and non-financial covenants, including a debt service coverage ratio, a restricted payments test and limitations on the sale, lease, or distribution of assets. To the extent that SHC does not comply with these covenants, an event of default or cross-default may occur under one or more agreements, and we or our subsidiaries may be restricted in our ability to pay dividends, issue new debt or access our leased facilities. The PABs are collateralized on a joint and several basis with the property and revenues of all SHC subsidiaries and their assets financed or to be financed from the proceeds of the PABs.

Covenants in the PABs require SHC to maintain a debt service coverage ratio (as defined in the relevant documents) of at least 1.25 for each applicable test period, commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2024. The PABs are subject to a Continuing Disclosure Agreement whereby SHC is obligated to provide electronic copies of (i) monthly construction reports, (ii) quarterly reports containing quarterly financial information of SHC and (iii) annual reports containing audited consolidated financial statements of SHC to the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board. As of June 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.

Lease Commitments

The table below sets forth certain information with respect to our future minimum lease payments required under leases as of June 30, 2024 (in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2024 (remainder of year)	$	2,525		$	13
2025		5,342			24
2026		6,545			17
2027		7,075			2
2028		7,268			-
Thereafter		394,641			-
Total lease payments		423,396			56
Less imputed interest		(297,930	)		(3	)
Total	$	125,466		$	53

Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of June 30, 2024 (in thousands):

	2024
	(remainder
	of year)		2025-2026		2027-2028		Thereafter		Total
Principal payments on bonds payable	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	166,340	$	166,340
Interest payments on bonds payable		3,470		13,881		13,881		114,968		146,200
Contractual payments on other long-term indebtedness		1,203		7,981		95		-		9,279
Lease commitments		2,538		11,928		14,345		394,641		423,452

Total	$	7,211	$	33,790	$	28,321	$	675,949	$	745,271

Funds to meet interest payments through the first half of 2025 on the Series 2021 PABs are held in reserve as restricted cash and restricted investments.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not maintain any off-balance sheet arrangements.

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Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

	Six months ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023
Cash and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	72,266		$	41,396
Net cash used in operating activities		(5,472	)		(5,731	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		54,535			(16,431	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		975			(45	)
Cash and restricted cash at end of period	$	122,304		$	19,189

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities is significantly influenced by the amount of cash we invest in personnel and infrastructure to support the anticipated growth of our business. Included in net cash used in operating activities are certain non-recurring legal, accounting, and consulting costs incurred for up to four quarters as a result of becoming a public company. Our working capital consists primarily of cash, receivables from tenants, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued compensation, accrued other expenses, and lease liabilities. The timing of collection of our tenant receivables, and the timing of spending commitments and payments of our accounts payable, accrued expenses, accrued payroll and related benefits, all affect these account balances.

Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $5.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to cash used in operating activities of approximately $5.7 million for the same period in 2023. The $0.2 million decrease in cash used in operating activities was primarily attributable to an approximately $2.1 million decrease in net loss, net of non-cash adjustments. The decrease in net loss, net of non-cash adjustments was primarily driven by an increase in rental revenue and the impact of increases in non-cash operating lease expense and equity-based compensation expense. The decrease was offset by an approximately $1.9 million unfavorable change in the Company's working capital position, which was primarily driven by the timing of vendor payments and tenant receipts.

Investing Activities

Our primary investing activities have consisted of payments related to the cost of construction at our various hangar campus development projects and investment in U.S. Treasury Securities. As our business expands, we expect to continue to invest in our current and anticipated future portfolio of hangar campus development projects.

Net cash provided by investing activities was approximately $54.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to cash used in investing activities of approximately $16.4 million for the same period in 2023. The increase of approximately $70.8 million of cash provided by investing activities was driven primarily by increases of approximately $142.3 million and $18.0 million in proceeds received from the Company's available for sale and held-to-maturity investments, respectively, and approximately $53.0 million and $6.1 million of decreases in purchase of held-to-maturity investments and capital expenditures, respectively. The increase was offset by an increase of approximately $148.8 million of available for sale U.S. Treasury purchases for the six months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Financing Activities

Our primary financing activities have consisted of capital raised to fund the growth of our business and proceeds from debt obligations incurred to finance our hangar campus development projects. We expect to raise additional equity capital and issue additional indebtedness as our business grows.

Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to net cash used in financing activities of nearly $0 for the same period in 2023. The approximately $1.0 million increase in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily driven by $2.9 million of proceeds received from the exercise of Warrants during the six months ended June 30, 2024, offset by increases of approximately $0.9 million and $0.9 million in payments associated with vested equity awards and loan principal payments, respectively.

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ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and is not required to provide the information under this item.

ITEM 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

In connection with the preparation of this Form 10-Q, as required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2024. Based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended June 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

ITEM 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3.

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K

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ITEM 6.

EXHIBITS

(a)

See accompanying Exhibit Index included before the signature page of this report for a list of exhibits filed or furnished with this report.

		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Description	Schedule/ Form	File No.	Exhibit	Filing Date

3.1	Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Yellowstone Acquisition Company.	8-K	001-39648	3.1	January 31, 2022

3.2	Bylaws of Sky Harbour Group Corporation.	8-K	001-39648	3.2	January 31, 2022

10.1 (#) (+)	Deed of Ground Lease by and between Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, as Lessor, and IAD Hangars LLC.

31.1 (#)		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).

31.2 (#)		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).

32.1 (##)		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. 1350.

32.2 (##)		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. 1350.

101.INS (#)		Inline XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH (#)		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL (#)		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF (#)		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition.

101.LAB (#)		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE (#)		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.


104 (#)		Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

(#)		Filed herewith.
(##)		The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Report, are not deemed filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Sky Harbour Group Corporation under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Report irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
(+)		Certain schedules and exhibits to this Exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) or Item 601(b)(10)(iv), as applicable, of Regulation S-K. The Registrant agrees to furnish supplemental copies of all omitted exhibits and schedules to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	SKY HARBOUR GROUP CORPORATION (Registrant)


	By:	/s/ Tal Keinan
	Tal Keinan Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

	August 13, 2024


	By:	/s/ Francisco Gonzalez
	Francisco Gonzalez Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

	August 13, 2024


	By:	/s/ Michael W. Schmitt
	Michael W. Schmitt Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

	August 13, 2024

Exhibit 10.1

DEED OF GROUND LEASE

BY AND BETWEEN

METROPOLITAN WASHINGTON AIRPORTS AUTHORITY, AS LESSOR

AND

IAD HANGARS LLC

DEED OF GROUND LEASE

THIS DEED OF GROUND LEASE (“Lease”) is made and entered into as of this _______ day of May, 2024 (“Effective Date”), by and between the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, a public body corporate and politic created by interstate compact between the Commonwealth of Virginia and the District of Columbia, with the consent of the U.S. Congress (“Airports Authority” or “Lessor”), and IAD Hangars LLC, a Delaware limited liability company authorized to transact business in the Commonwealth of Virginia (“Lessee”). The Airports Authority and Lessee may be referred to individually in this Lease as a “Party” or collectively as “Parties”.

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, pursuant to the interstate compact between the Commonwealth of Virginia and the District of Columbia, with the consent of the United States Congress, Lessor controls certain real property known as Washington Dulles International Airport (“Airport”) and has full power and dominion over, and discretion in the operation and development of, the Airport, subject to the Lease of the Metropolitan Washington Airports by and between the United States of America, acting by and through the Secretary of Transportation, and the Airports Authority, dated March 2, 1987 (“U.S. Lease”); and

WHEREAS, Lessee wishes to lease approximately eighteen (18) acres of Airport property to construct and operate aircraft hangars, as further described herein, and the Airports Authority wishes to lease such Airport property to Lessee for such use, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises hereinafter set forth, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are acknowledged by the Parties, Lessor and Lessee agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1 - PREMISES

Premises. The Airports Authority hereby demises and leases to the Lessee and the Lessee hereby accepts and leases from the Airports Authority, solely for the Permitted Use as defined in Article 4, and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Lease, approximately eighteen (18) acres of land on the Airport, as shown on Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference (“Premises”). On or before, November 17, 2024, Lessee, at its sole cost and expense, shall prepare and provide to Lessor a metes and bounds survey of the Premises, which shall be incorporated herein as Exhibit A-1. The Lease is subject to all matters and items of record as of the Effective Date.

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As-Is Condition. The Airports Authority shall not be required to perform any site development obligations with respect to the Premises and the Premises are leased “as is-where is”, with no representations or warranties whatsoever.

ARTICLE 2 - TERM

Term. The term of this Lease (the “Term”) shall commence upon the first date immediately following the expiration of the Access Agreement, as defined in Article 3 (“Lease Commencement Date”) and shall end on March 31, 2074, unless terminated earlier as provided in this Lease.

Renewal Option. Provided that Lessee is not in default hereunder beyond any applicable cure period, at the expiration of the Term, Lessee may extend the term of this Lease for one additional ten (10) year period, to March 31, 2084, by providing twelve (12) months prior written notice to Lessor. This extension term shall be on the same terms and conditions contained herein. Rent during the extension term shall be the greater of the Rent that would be due and payable under Article 4.A(3) beginning on April 1, 2074, or the Fair Market Rent, determined as set forth in this Section B. Fair Market Rent shall be determined based upon an appraisal obtained by Lessor from a Qualified Independent Professional Appraiser. A Qualified Independent Professional Appraiser means an appraiser who possesses the following qualifications: (i) is a member in good standing of, and has been awarded the Member of the Appraisal Institute (MAI) designation by the Appraisal Institute or the equivalent certification through an equivalent organization; and (2) who has substantial experience appraising airport properties. The appraisal shall be delivered to the Lessee no later than September 30, 2073. Lessee shall have thirty (30) days to review and either accept the appraisal or object. To the extent that Lessee objects to the appraisal, Lessee shall have thirty (30) days to retain a Qualified Independent Appraiser to conduct an appraisal and provide the appraisal to the Lessor. If Lessee’s appraisal is less than the appraisal obtained by the Lessor, the Fair Market Rent shall be the average of the two appraisals unless the two appraisals differ by more than twenty percent (20%). In this event, Lessor and Lessee shall select a third Qualified Independent appraiser who shall complete an appraisal of the Premises and the Fair Market Rent shall be determined by the average of the two appraisals which are closest in value (discarding the third), whether they are the two highest or two lowest appraisals. The fee of the third appraisal shall be borne equally by the Parties. Upon Lessee’s exercise of the renewal option provided in this Section B, all references to the “Term” in this Lease shall be construed to include the period beginning on April 1, 2074 and ending on March 31, 2084.

ARTICLE 3 – STUDY PERIOD

Study Period. Pursuant to and in accordance with the Early Access Agreement between Lessor and Lessee (“Access Agreement”), effective August 7, 2023, as amended, Lessee may access the Premises to perform due diligence for its suitability for Lessee’s anticipated use for a period that will expire on November 17, 2024. The term of the Access Agreement is referred to herein as the “Study Period”. The Study Period shall be extended by the Parties as necessary during the pendency of any of any Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”) approval described in Section C of this Article 3.

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Lessee’s obligations during Study Period. Prior to the expiration of the Study Period, Lessee will provide Lessor with a completed Covered Transaction Certificate, as described in Article 18.C., the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit D. No later than November 17, 2024, Lessee will provide Lessor with the proposed preliminary site plan for the Premises (the “Preliminary Site Plan”), which Lessee shall have prepared at its sole cost and expense. The Preliminary Site Plan will depict the initial developable footprint of the Premises. Lessee may reasonably modify the Preliminary Site Plan to make changes that do not materially change overall impacts, permeable coverage, drainage, and other similar development issues regarding the Premises. Lessee will use reasonable and diligent efforts to comply with all applicable requirements of federal, state and local government authorities in the preparation of all plans required under this Section B. During the Study Period, Lessee will evaluate and apply for economic incentives through local, county and state programs and agencies.

Lessor’s obligations during Study Period. As soon as practicable upon receiving the Preliminary Site Plan, Lessor shall take all steps necessary, in cooperation with Lessee and at Lessee’s sole cost and expense, to initiate an environmental review of Lessee’s proposed development of the Premises under the National Environment Policy Act (“NEPA”), if such review is required by the FAA. During the Study Period, Lessor will reasonably cooperate with Lessee with respect to Lessee’s application for economic incentives through local, county and state programs and agencies.

Termination during the Study Period. As provided under Section 3 of the Access Agreement, either Party may terminate this Lease at any time for any reason, including, but not limited to, insufficient economic development incentives, or for no reason during the Study Period, upon prior written notice to the other Party.

Diligence Deposit. Upon submission of the Preliminary Site Plan to Lessor, Lessee shall pay to Lessor a diligence deposit (“Diligence Deposit”) of Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000). If FAA approval is required for Lessee’s proposed development of the Premises and such approval is denied or Lessor terminates this Lease during the Study Period for any reason other than Lessee’s uncured default, the Diligence Deposit shall be returned to Lessee. Upon FAA approval or, if such approval is not required, November 17, 2024, the Diligence Deposit shall be retained by Lessor as an option payment, and shall not be refundable to Lessee under any circumstance. If Lessee terminates this Lease while the FAA approval is pending or, if such approval is not required, before the Lease Commencement Date, the Diligence Deposit shall be retained by Lessor, and shall not be refundable under any circumstance.

Lease Contingency. Notwithstanding anything in this Lease to the contrary, if Lessee fails to comply with Section B of this Article 3, or the FAA approval described in Section E is required but denied, this Lease shall terminate and be of no further force and effect.

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ARTICLE 4 - RENT AND SECURITY

Base Rent. Lessee shall pay to Lessor in equal monthly absolute net payments, in advance, on or before the first (1^st) day of each and every month during the Term, without demand, abatement, deduction, or offset, the amount specified below, and such other amounts set forth in this Article or are otherwise agreed to by the Parties (together, “Rent”):

(1)

Rent for Phase 1 Premises: Commencing on the earlier of (a) issuance of a Temporary or Permanent Certificate of Occupancy; or (b) thirty-six (36) months from issuance of construction permits for the improvements on the “Phase 1 Premises” (as defined in Article 6, below) (“Phase 1 Premises Rent Commencement Date”) and ending on the last day of the thirty-sixth (36^th) month following the Phase 1 Rent Commencement Date, $1.15 per square foot of land annually for the Phase 1 Premises, as shown on Exhibit A-1, for the Phase 1 Premises;

(2)

Rent for Phase 2 Premises: Commencing on the earlier of (a) issuance of construction permits for the improvements on the “Phase 2 Premises” (as defined below); or (b) the fifth anniversary of the Phase 1 Rent Commencement Date(“Phase 2 Premises Rent Commencement Date”), the Rent amount per square foot of land for the Phase 1 Premises in effect for the Phase 1 Premises on the Phase 2 Premises Rent Commencement Date, per square foot of land annually for the Phase 2 Premises, as shown on Exhibit A-1.

(3)

Commencing on the first day of the thirty-sixth (36^th) month following the Phase 1 Rent Commencement Date and continuing every thirty-sixth (36^th) month thereafter (“Escalation Date”) throughout the remainder of the Term, Rent shall automatically increase from the amount payable in the month immediately preceding the applicable Escalation Date by eight percent (8%).

Credits for In-Kind Contributions. The Parties acknowledge and agree that Base Rent may be payable, in whole or in part, by in-kind consideration to the extent provided in separate written instrument(s) agreed to the Parties from time-to-time during the Term, and such in-kind consideration shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this Lease and those additional terms and conditions specified by such separate written instrument(s) between the Parties.

Fuel Flowage Fee. In the event that Lessee sells or dispenses fuel and lubricants to its tenants, either directly or through a contractor or sublessee, Lessee further agrees to pay to Lessor a fuel flowage fee per gallon no greater than the fuel flowage fee imposed on fixed based operators, as may be established by Lessor from time-to-time, on all fuel and oils sold, dispensed, or consumed from, on or about the Premises. At the time Lessee submits to Lessor the reports required under Article 5.C of this Lease, Lessee shall provide to Lessor a written statement certifying the gross revenues derived from fuel and oil sales to Lessee’s tenants for the immediately preceding month. Such report shall be accompanied by a full payment of the fuel flowage fee due to Lessor for such month.

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Commercial Area Cost Allocation Fee. Lessee shall pay to Lessor a Commercial Area Cost Allocation (“CACA”) fee to recover costs allocated on a square foot basis to commercial leased land areas of the Airport (other than passenger terminals and airfield buildings and area) to Lessee for Airports Authority police, fire/crash rescue, maintenance of roads and grounds, and maintenance of the Dulles Airport Access Highway. Lessor calculates the CACA at the beginning of each calendar year and will notify Lessee in writing of the CACA amount due for that calendar year. Lessee shall continue to pay the applicable CACA fee from the prior year until Lessor provides Lessee with notice of the new fee, and any adjustment in the CACA fee will be reconciled with Lessee’s prior payments during the applicable calendar year.

Electronic Payment. All payments of Rent shall be made by electronic payment using the Automated Clearing House (“ACH”). Lessor will provide Lessee with the required forms.

Late Payments. In the event that Lessee fails to make timely payment of any rent, fees, charges, and payments due and payable under this Lease within five days after the same shall become due and payable, then Lessee shall pay to Lessor, immediately upon demand, a late charge in the amount of five percent (5%) of such delinquent payment amount. In addition, any such amount of Rent or other sum which is not paid within such five day period shall thereafter accrue interest at the per annum rate equal to the lesser of (i) five percent (5%) per annum in excess of the prime rate as published in The Wall Street Journal in its money rates section at the time of such delinquency (or any successor publication thereto and if no successor exists, than a major financial institution reasonably designated by Lessor, in its reasonable discretion), or (ii) the maximum rate of interest permitted to be charged under applicable law (the “Default Rate”), and such accrued interest shall be payable by Lessee to Lessor immediately upon demand. Nothing herein shall be construed as preventing Lessor from terminating this Lease after notice and opportunity to cure as provided for in Article 19 for default in payment of any amounts due and payable by Lessee hereunder or from enforcing any other right or remedy contained in this Lease or provided by law.

Triple Net Lease. This Lease shall be deemed to be “triple net” without cost or expense to Lessor, including, but not limited to, cost and expenses related to taxes, insurance, and maintenance, including structural (regardless of whether buildings and improvements are owned by Lessee or Lessor) and the operation of the Premises.

Rent a Separate Covenant. Lessee shall not for any reason withhold or reduce Lessee’s required payment of Rent or other charges provided in this Lease, it being expressly understood and agreed by the Parties that payment of Rent is a covenant by Lessee that is independent of the other covenants of the Parties under this Lease.

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Security Deposit. As security for Lessee’s performance of all covenants, conditions and terms to be performed by Lessee under this Lease, Lessee shall pay to Lessor within sixty (60) days of the anticipated Phase 1 Premises Rent Commencement Date, a security deposit (“Security Deposit”) in the form of a letter of credit reasonably acceptable to Lessor and equal to three months of Rent, as set forth in Section A(1) of this Article 4. If Lessee fails to pay Rent or other charges due under this Lease, or otherwise defaults with respect to any provision of this Lease, Lessor may use, apply, or retain all or any portion of the Security Deposit to compensate Lessor for any loss or damage therefrom. If any such portion is applied by Lessor, Lessee shall within five days following written demand from Lessor, deposit cash with Lessor in an amount sufficient to restore the Security Deposit to its original amount. Lessor shall not be required to keep this Security Deposit in a separate account, and Lessee shall not be entitled to interest on the deposit.

ARTICLE 5 – PERMITTED USE

Permitted Use. During the Term, and subject to Lessee’s obligations hereunder, Lessee shall have the right, on a non-exclusive basis, to perform at and provide from the Premises aircraft hangars only (“Permitted Use”). Subject to the terms and conditions contained herein, the Permitted Use shall include Lessee’s right to:

(1)

Construct, operate, and maintain aircraft hangars, and associated office space, aircraft ramp/apron and taxiways, automobile ingress/egress and parking, and other improvements that have been approved in writing by Lessor (together, “Improvements”);

(2)

Provide towing, passenger handling, lav service, potable water, sell and dispense aircraft fuel and lubricants, and other services approved by Lessor in writing (and such approval shall not be unreasonably denied or conditioned) to Lessee’s tenants only; and

(3)

Lease the hangar, office, and parking space to such Lessee tenants.

Other Uses Prohibited. Lessee will not occupy or use the Premises or permit any portion of the Premises to be occupied or used, for any business or purpose other than the Permitted Use without Lessor’s prior written consent. Prohibited uses include, but are not limited to, any services provided by fixed based operators operating at the Airport as set forth in Lessor’s Minimum Standards for Fixed Based Operators, except as otherwise specifically permitted herein or in writing by Lessor. Lessee will not use or permit the use of the Premises for any use or purpose which is unlawful, in part of in whole, disreputable in any manner, or hazardous.

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Airport Fees. In connection with the Permitted Use, Lessee shall collect, on behalf of the Airports Authority, rates, fees, and charges established by the Airports Authority for the use of the Air Operations Area (together, such rates, fees and charges are referred to herein as “Airport Fees”) from Lessee’s tenants. All Airport Fees collected by Lessee on behalf of the Airports Authority shall be collected and paid to the Airports Authority.

(1)

Landing Fees and Reports. A per landing charge for the use of the Airport’s landing area (“Landing Fee”) shall be collected by Lessee on behalf of the Airports Authority. The Landing Fee shall be determined as the product of the maximum gross landed weight of the aircraft multiplied by the Landing Fee rate for the rate period. Lessee shall receive and retain a ten percent (10%) payment for acting as agent of the Airports Authority in the collection of Landing Fees. It is Lessee’s responsibility to obtain a cash or electronic payment or to render billing, if necessary, to collect such Landing Fees and other fees from individual aircraft owners or operators. Lessee shall monitor and record with its own personnel those landings for aircraft handled or serviced by Lessee and collect the applicable Landing Fee for the class, type and weight of aircraft, and shall coordinate its procedures for monitoring landings with the Airports Authority’s procedures. Lessee shall provide a monthly Landing Report to the Airports Authority that lists the total number of aircraft, their registration numbers, and landed weights. The Landing Report also shall include Lessee’s statement of Landing Fees collected that month and remitted to the Airports Authority.

(2)

Mobile Lounge Fees. Lessee shall collect a Mobile Lounge Fee for each one-way Revenue Trip made by an Airports Authority mobile lounge operated in either direction for an aircraft being serviced by Lessee and the Lessee shall remit one hundred percent (100%) of such fee monthly to the Airports Authority. A “Revenue Trip” means only trips for the purpose of transporting persons, but does not include any one-way trip which is not scheduled to carry persons. It is Lessee’s responsibility to obtain a cash or electronic payment or to render billing, if necessary, to collect such Mobile Lounge Fees and shall monitor the applicability, collection and remittance of such fees to the Airports Authority with its own personnel. Lessee shall provide Lessor with a monthly statement of all Mobile Lounge Fees collected and remitted to the Airports Authority during the month.

(3)

Airports Authority Federal Inspection Services Fees; Other Airport Passenger Fees. The Airports Authority will assess International Arrivals Building and Federal Inspection Services (“FIS”) fees and may establish security and other such fees. Lessee shall be responsible for collecting such fees, when applicable, on behalf of the Airports Authority, from its tenants. Lessee shall remit one hundred percent (100%) of such fees monthly to the Airports Authority. Lessee shall report such activity to the Airports Authority each month.

Property Management. Lessor and Lessee hereby agree that the management, maintenance and operation of the Premises shall at all times be under the supervision and direction of active and qualified personnel who shall at all times be subject to the direction and control of Lessee and its employees. With Lessor’s prior written approval, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, the Premises may be managed by an entity other than Lessee, provided that such entity is a professional management company with experience in the specific asset class of the Improvements.

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Lessee Reports. Beginning on the Lease Commencement Date and continuing throughout the Term, Lessee shall provide Lessor with the following:

(1)

A quarterly rent roll, in a form to be agreed upon by the Parties, within thirty (30) calendar days following the end of the quarter that is the subject of the report. The rent roll shall identify each tenant, the monthly and annual rent paid by each tenant to Lessee, the term of each tenant’s lease, including start and end dates, and any other information as may be reasonably requested by Lessor;

(2)

At the same time as delivery of the quarterly rent roll described in Section E(1), Lessee shall provide Lessor with a copy of Lessee’s sublease agreement(s) with tenant(s) entered into within the quarter;

(3)

Within sixty (60) calendar days following the end of each quarter, a quarterly financial statement of Lessee’s income and losses for its operations on the Premises during the preceding quarter;

(4)

Within one hundred and eighty (180) days following the end of each calendar year during the Term, an annual audited financial statement for Lessee; and

(5)

Within thirty (30) days of Lessee receiving service, a report of any litigation filed against Lessee by any of its tenants or otherwise related to Lessee’s use of the Premises under this Lease.

Compliance with Applicable Laws. Lessee, including its sublessees, assignees, tenants and permittees, shall use the Premises and Improvements and conduct Lessee’s business and operations thereon or cause the conduct of business and operations thereon to be in compliance with, and shall pay all sums and perform all obligations required of Lessee under, all applicable laws, statutes, ordinances, permits, approvals, regulations and other enactments of all applicable governmental authorities, including without limitation all applicable FAA requirements applicable to the Premises or the Permitted Use, all Hazardous Materials Laws, as defined in this Lease, the Americans with Disabilities Act and all regulations thereunder, and all regulations, policies and orders and instructions of the Airports Authority (generally applicable to property similar in use or location to the Premises, and not limited solely to this Lease), including the Airports Authority Building Codes Manual, the Airports Authority Design Manual, and the Metropolitan Washington Airport Regulations, as such laws, regulations, policies, and orders and instructions may be amended or modified from time to time.

No Disturbance. The actions of Lessee, and its employees, tenants, invitees, suppliers and contractors, shall be conducted in an orderly and proper manner so as not to unreasonably annoy, disturb or be offensive to others beyond that typical of a use for the Permitted Use.

No Abandonment of Premises. Lessee will not at any time leave the Premises abandoned or unmonitored, but will in good faith continuously throughout the Term operate its business in an efficient, safe, high quality and reputable manner.

ARTICLE 6 – CONSTRUCTION

Plans and Specifications. Lessee’s construction and development shall be conducted in phases as set forth herein.

(1) Phase 1. Lessee’s first phase of construction shall consist of four SH-34 style hangars (approximately 135,200 square feet of hangar space) and a fuel farm to include a 20,000 gallon Jet A fuel tank on approximately 9.29 acres (404,672 square feet) (“Phase 1 Premises”).

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(2) Phase 2. Lessee’s second phase of construction shall consist of four SH 34 style hangars (approximately 135,200 square feet of hangar space) on approximately 8.70 acres (378,972 square feet) (“Phase 2 Premises”). Lessee shall commence construction of Phase 2 no later than sixty (60) months after issuance of Temporary Certificate of Occupancy on Phase 1.

(3) Lessee shall provide plans and specifications (“Plans and Specifications”) for the construction of Improvements upon the Premises, including without limitation, site plan, building elevations, building materials, stormwater management, and landscaping plans for Lessor’s prior review and approval, not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, and no Improvements shall be commenced until Lessor’s approval and all other approvals and permits required for construction of the Improvements have been obtained. Once approved, no changes or alterations shall be made without the Landlord’s prior written approval of such change, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or delayed. Within sixty (60) days of Lessee’s receipt of all required approvals of any Plans and Specifications, Lessee shall provide Lessor with electronic copies of any such Plans and Specifications. Within thirty (30) days of issuance of a Temporary Certificate of Occupancy of Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively, Lessee, at its sole cost and expense, shall provide Lessor with an As-Built survey of the Premises.

Modifications to/Demolition of Improvements. Any additions or changes to the Improvements following completion, except additions or changes to interior spaces on the Premises that are decorative or cosmetic in nature, also require Lessor’s prior approval in accordance with Section A of this Article 6, which will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. Any such alterations shall be without cost to the Lessor and completed in a timely manner and with the least disturbance possible to Airport operations, Airports Authority lessees, permittees and other Airport users, and the travelling public. Lessee shall provide Lessor with electronic copies of any modified Plans and Specifications within sixty (60) days of Lessee’s receipt of all required approvals of such Plans and Specifications. Lessee may not remove or demolish, in whole or in part, any Improvements without Lessor’s prior written consent. Nothing herein shall be construed to excuse compliance with Applicable Laws.

Construction Timing. Lessee shall promptly and diligently pursue all necessary permits, approvals and licenses, at its sole cost and expense, from the appropriate governmental agencies for the Plans and Specifications. Provided that Lessor has approved Lessee’s Plans and Specifications, Lessor shall promptly cooperate regarding, and execute any reasonably required documents necessary for Lessee to secure, any necessary or desirable permits, approvals and licenses from the appropriate governmental agencies for the Improvements or Lessee’s operation of the Permitted Use on the Premises.

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Compliance with Applicable Laws. The provisions of this Article 6 are in addition to, not in place of, any requirements prescribed by applicable laws. Lessee shall construct all Improvements in accordance with the approved Plans and Specifications, in a good and workmanlike manner, and in accordance with all applicable laws, including but not limited to the Airports Authority Building Codes Manual, the Airports Authority Design Manual, the Airports Authority Construction Safety Manual, the Metropolitan Washington Airports Regulations, FAA regulations, orders and advisory circulars, Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards, Virginia Occupational Safety and Health regulations, federal and state environmental regulations, and any other laws included elsewhere in this Lease or hereafter becoming applicable.

ARTICLE 7 – OWNERSHIP OF IMPROVEMENTS AND SURRENDER OF PREMISES

Improvements. All Improvements constructed on the Premises by Lessee as permitted by this Lease shall be owned by Lessee until the expiration or early termination of this Lease.

Trade Fixtures. All trade fixtures and personal property, including all machinery, furniture and furnishings and inventories now or hereafter maintained, installed or used in or about the Premises by Lessee or any tenant or licensee of Lessee in connection with the Permitted Use (the “Trade Fixtures”) shall remain the property of such Lessee, tenant, or licensee, and may be removed at any time during the Term. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Lessee may not remove any Trade Fixtures: (i) at any time that an Event of Default, as defined in Article 19.A (beyond any applicable grace and cure periods), or any act or omission which, with notice or passage of time, would constitute an Event of Default, shall have occurred and is continuing; or (ii) if such removal would cause damage to the Premises (unless Lessee shall repair any such damage and restore the Premises to substantially the same condition as existed prior to the removal of such Trade Fixtures). Any Trade Fixtures which are not removed by Lessee prior to the expiration or early termination of this Lease shall automatically become the property of Lessor to be dealt with and/or disposed of by Lessor in Lessor’s sole and absolute discretion and without any liability or obligation whatsoever on the part of Lessor to Lessee.

Surrender of Premises. Except as otherwise provided herein, all Improvements, including any alterations, additions and fixtures thereto, on the Premises at the expiration of the Term or sooner termination of this Lease shall, without compensation to Lessee, become Lessor’s property. Lessee shall deliver such Improvements to Lessor in good condition, reasonable wear and tear excepted, and free and clear of all claims to or against them by Lessee. Lessor, at Lessor’s sole option and election which shall be made by written notice given within thirty (30) days of expiration or earlier termination of this Lease, may require that Lessee remove some or all Improvements installed or constructed upon the Premises and return the Premises, in whole or in part, to the condition that existed on the Lease Commencement Date, at Lessee’s sole cost and expense.

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ARTICLE 8 – MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF PREMISES

Lessee’s Responsibilities. During the Term, Lessee, at Lessee’s sole cost and expense, shall be responsible for:

(1)

All repairs and maintenance of the Premises and shall keep and maintain all of the Premises, including buildings, aircraft ramp and apron areas, roadways, driveways, automobile parking areas, sidewalks, fencing, gates, lighting, under-ground detention/retention ponds, drainage and utility facilities and all other improvements located on, in or under the Premises, in a state of good condition and repair in accordance with the reasonable requirements of Lessor and all Applicable Laws, and shall make all necessary repairs, replacements and renewals, whether structural or nonstructural, foreseen or unforeseen and ordinary or extraordinary, in order to maintain such state of good condition and repair; it being the Parties’ intention that Lessor shall have no liability for any of the foregoing; and

(2)

Maintaining the Premises in a good, clean, safe and sanitary condition, reasonable wear and tear excepted, including the provision of snow/ice removal, janitorial services, supplies, landscaping, grass cutting, and trash removal.

(3)

Notwithstanding anything in this Section A to the contrary, Lessee shall not be responsible to maintain or repair any infrastructure installed underground within the Premises as of the Effective Date, as identified on the Preliminary Site Plan, or any infrastructure that may be installed underground within the Premises by the Airports Authority after the Effective Date. During the Term, the Airports Authority will consult with Lessee on any proposed installation of infrastructure underground to ensure that any such installation will not unreasonably interfere with Lessee’s use of the Premises under this Lease.

Lessor’s Rights. Lessor shall not be liable for, or be required to make, any repairs or perform any maintenance upon the Premises. If Lessee fails to perform Lessee’s responsibilities under this Article, Lessor shall have the right, but not the obligation, to perform such responsibilities, at Lessee’s sole cost and expense. Except in an emergency, prior to performing any such Lessee responsibility, Lessor shall provide Lessee with prior written notice and thirty (30) days to commence corrective action. Lessee shall reimburse Lessor for all costs incurred by Lessor in performing Lessee’s maintenance responsibility, plus a twenty-five percent (25%) administrative fee.

ARTICLE 9 – UTILITIES

Lessee Responsibility. Lessee shall, at its sole cost and expense, pay for all utility services required for the operation of or furnished to or consumed on the Premises during the Term, including, but not limited to, gas, electricity, water, sewer, heat/air, internet, cable/TV services, and telephone, and all charges associated with any of the foregoing.

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Tap, Connection, or Installation Fees Included. In the event that any charge or fee is required by any applicable governmental authority or by any utility company furnishing services or utilities to the Premises or the Improvements as a condition precedent to such furnishing or continuing to furnish, including but not limited to tap fees, connection fees, and/or installation fees, then any such charges or fees shall be deemed to be a utility charge payable by Lessee. If Lessor pays any such charges or fees, Lessee shall reimburse Lessor upon demand.

ARTICLE 10 – TAXES AND ASSESSMENTS

Not less than thirty (30) days prior to delinquency, Lessee shall pay all taxes, assessments, levies, fees, fines, penalties and all other governmental charges, general and special, ordinary and extraordinary, foreseen and unforeseen, which during the Term are imposed or levied upon or assessed against (i) the Premises, including the Improvements, Trade Fixtures, and other personal property located in or on the Premises, (ii) any income or other revenue generated from the Permitted Use on the Premises; or (iii) this Lease, the leasehold estate hereby created, or the operation, possession or use of the Premises. Lessee shall make and file all applications, reports, and returns required in connection with any such taxes or fees and furnish to Lessor evidence establishing Lessee’s timely payment of such taxes and assessments upon Lessor’s written request. Lessee may protest such taxes or seek abatement, at its sole cost and expense, in accordance with the procedures of the applicable jurisdiction.

ARTICLE 11 – MORTGAGE OF LEASEHOLD ESTATE

Leasehold Mortgage. Lessee may grant a leasehold mortgage on all or any portion of Lessee’s interest in this Lease (“Leasehold Mortgage”) to a lender, provided that (i) Lessor’s interest in the Premises shall not be conveyed or otherwise made subject to such Leasehold Mortgage, and (ii) such lender is a third-party commercial or savings bank, savings and loan, insurance company, retirement or pension fund, or other institutional lender, each regularly engaged in the business of making commercial loans. Lessee or its Leasehold Mortgagee (defined below) shall give Lessor prompt notice of any Leasehold Mortgage and furnish Lessor with a complete and correct copy of such Leasehold Mortgages, certified as such by Lessee or the Leasehold Mortgagee, together with any and all related documents and the name and address of the Leasehold Mortgagee.

PAB Financing. Lessee shall be permitted to finance the design, construction and operation of the Improvements through a Private Activity Bond (“PAB”). Upon written request from Lessee, Lessor will provide customary consents and related approvals required in connection with a PAB issuance and Leasehold Mortgage as part of the PAB financing program, which will be provided at Lessee’s sole cost and expense. Any lien created to secure such financing or any other debt undertaken by Lessee shall be secured by Lessee’s leasehold interest in the Lease and the Improvements and shall not be secured by Lessor’s fee interest in the Premises. IT IS UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED THAT LESSEE’S FINANCING OF THE IMPROVEMENTS THROUGH PAB IS SOLELY THE DEBT OF LESSEE AND SHALL NOT RESULT IN ANY FINANCIAL BURDEN OR OBLIGATION OF THE LESSOR, AS FEE OWNER OF THE PREMISES, IN ANY MANNER, INCLUDING ANY COST OR EXPENSE ASSOCIATED WITH THE TEFRA HEARING OR ANY OTHER CONSENT OR APPROVAL REQUIRED TO BE PROVIDED BY LESSOR. Lienholders through PAB financing described herein shall be included within the definition of Leasehold Mortgagee.

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No subordination. Lessor’s interest in the Premises, the Rent or any other sums payable under this Lease, or Lessor’s reversionary interest in the Improvements may not be subordinated to the Leasehold Mortgage. Lessee has no right to encumber all or any portion of Lessor’s interest in the Premises or reversionary interest in any Improvements.

Collateral security. Lessee may assign this Lease as collateral security for a Leasehold Mortgage. Any such Leasehold Mortgage, and all rights under or relating thereto, shall be subject to each of the covenants, conditions and restrictions set forth herein, and to all rights of Lessor hereunder and will always be subordinate to the rights of Lessor under this Lease and the Premises.

Lessor obligations. Upon Lessee’s written request, Lessor shall execute an instrument in favor of the holder of any Leasehold Mortgage (a “Leasehold Mortgagee”), at Lessee’s sole cost and expense, in form and content and containing such provisions as are reasonably and customarily required by leasehold mortgagees including, but not limited to, the following: (i) Lessor shall provide notice of default and an opportunity to cure under this Lease to the Leasehold Mortgagee (which opportunity to cure shall extend thirty (30) days beyond any opportunity to cure otherwise granted to Lessee under this Lease); and (ii) Lessor shall not accept a voluntary cancellation, termination, or surrender of this Lease without the prior written consent of the Leasehold Mortgagee. Lessor shall accept performance by a Leasehold Mortgagee of any covenant, condition or agreement on Lessee’s part to be performed hereunder with the same force and effect as though performed by Lessee.

Leasehold Mortgagee Opportunity to Cure Defaults. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Lease to the contrary, no Event of Default by Lessee shall be deemed to exist as long as Leasehold Mortgagee, within the periods set forth in Section E of this Article, has delivered to Lessor its written agreement to take the action described in clause (i) or (ii) of this Section F and, thereafter, in good faith, has commenced promptly: (i) to cure the default and to prosecute the same to completion, or (ii) if possession of the Premises is required in order to cure the default, to institute foreclosure proceedings and obtain possession directly or through a receiver, and to prosecute such proceedings with diligence and continuity, and upon obtaining possession, must commence promptly to cure the default and to prosecute same to completion with diligence and continuity.

(1)

This Section F is also conditioned upon Leasehold Mortgagee performing Lessee’s obligations under this Lease, to the extent such obligations are reasonably susceptible of performance by Leasehold Mortgagee, until the default has been cured (including the period during which any foreclosure proceedings are pending). If any Lessee default is of such a nature that it cannot be cured by the Leasehold Mortgagee (for example, Lessee’s bankruptcy), such event shall not be a default under this Lease so long as Leasehold Mortgagee diligently pursues and cures all curable defaults.

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(2)

At any time after Leasehold Mortgagee delivers to Lessor its agreement to take the actions described in this Section F, Leasehold Mortgagee may notify Lessor, in writing, that it has relinquished possession of the Premises or that it will not pursue or continue foreclosure proceedings. At any time after Lessor’s receipt of such notice, Lessor may terminate this Lease and take any other action Lessor deems appropriate by reason of the default.

(3)

Except as provided in this Section F, no Leasehold Mortgagee shall become liable under the provisions of this Lease or any lease executed pursuant to Section G of this Article unless and until such time as it becomes, and then only for so long as it remains, the owner of the leasehold estate created hereby or thereby.

Lease to Leasehold Mortgagee. If this Lease is terminated for any reason, or in the event this Lease is rejected or disaffirmed pursuant to any bankruptcy, insolvency or other law affecting creditor’s rights, Lessor, upon Leasehold Mortgagee’s written request made within thirty (30) days after such termination, rejection or disaffirmance, will promptly deliver a new lease of the Premises to Leasehold Mortgagee for the remainder of the Term upon the same terms as this Lease (except for terms that must be modified to reflect such termination, modification or disaffirmance). Lessor will execute the new lease with the Leasehold Mortgagee if, no later than the date on which Leasehold Mortgagee delivers the executed lease to Lessor, the Leasehold Mortgagee (i) pays to Lessor, in full, all unpaid Rent due under this Lease up to and including the commencement date of the new lease and all reasonable expenses incurred by Lessor in connection with Lessee’s default; and (ii) cures all defaults existing under this Lease which are susceptible to being cured by the Leasehold Mortgagee.

Lessee obligations. Nothing contained in this Article shall release Lessee from any of its obligations under this Lease that may not have been discharged or fully performed by the Leasehold Mortgagee.

Survival of Article. The provisions of this Article 11 shall survive the termination, rejection or disaffirmance of this Lease and shall continue in full force and effect thereafter to the same effect as if this Article were a separate and independent contract made by Lessor, Lessee, and Leasehold Mortgagee. Section G of this Article shall be deemed a separate agreement between the Lessor and Leasehold Mortgagee, separate and apart from this Lease as well as a part of this Lease, and shall be unaffected by the rejection of this Lease in any bankruptcy proceeding by any party.

Third-Party Beneficiary. All present and future Leasehold Mortgagees are intended third party beneficiaries to this Article 11. As third-party beneficiaries, they are entitled to the applicable rights under and may enforce the provisions of this Article 11 of the Lease as if they were parties hereto.

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ARTICLE 12 – ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE

Definitions. As used herein:

(1)

“Hazardous Waste” means all waste materials subject to regulation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (including the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986), 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601 et seq.; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, 42 U.S.C. §§ 6901 et seq.; the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 2601 et seq.; the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251 et seq.; the Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 300f et seq.; the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, 49 U.S.C. §§ 5101 et seq.; the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 7401 et seq.; the Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251 et seq.; the Virginia Waste Management Act, Title 10.1, Chapter 14 of the Code of Virginia, all as amended, and any other materials, wastes, pollutants, oils or governmentally regulated substances or contaminants defined or designated as hazardous, radioactive, dangerous or any other similar term in or under any of the Environmental Laws (as defined hereunder).

(2)

“Toxic Substances” means and includes any materials that have been shown to have significant adverse effects on human health or which are subject to regulation under the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 2601 et seq., as amended, or any other Applicable Laws now in force or hereafter enacted relating to toxic substances. “Toxic Substances” includes asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), petroleum products, lead-based paints, flammable explosives, radioactive materials and any other pollutants and any hazardous, toxic or dangerous waste, substance, material or pollutant defined as such in (or for purposes of) the Environmental Laws or listed as such by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

(3)

“Hazardous Materials” means Hazardous Wastes and Toxic Substances, collectively.

(4)

“Environmental Laws” means and includes all current and future laws relating to Hazardous Materials, including those referenced in Subsection (1) above together with all other Applicable Laws, and any judicial or administrative interpretations thereof, relating to health, safety or environmental matters.

Lessee obligations. Lessee (including its agents, contractors, employees, tenants, and any other entities for which Lessee is responsible), in its use of the Premises, shall comply with all federal, state, local, and Airports Authority laws, regulations, rules, orders, policies, codes, or guidelines now or hereafter in effect, as they may be amended from time to time, that govern Hazardous Materials or relate to the protection of human health, safety, or the environment and represents, warrants and agrees that:

(1)

Lessee shall not give authorization or consent for any activity at or near the Premises which could involve or lead to the use, manufacture, storage or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, except for the types, and in the amounts, used in the ordinary course of Lessee’s business within the Premises, but such use, storage, or disposal and the handling of dangerous cargo shall, at all times, be in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws.

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(2)

Lessee shall keep the Premises free and clear of any liens imposed pursuant to any applicable Environmental Laws as a result of Lessee’s use of the Premises.

(3)

Lessee will obtain and maintain all licenses, permits and other governmental or regulatory actions necessary for Lessee’s operations at the Premises to comply with Environmental Laws, along with any other documentation required by applicable Environmental Laws, and Lessee shall ensure compliance therewith. Lessee shall provide Lessor with such documentation upon request during Lessor’s periodic environmental inspections, as provided in Section D of this Article, of the Premises.

(4)

Lessee shall, at its sole cost and expense, perform an environmental audit of the Premises prior to the Lease Commencement Date and within thirty (30) days after the expiration or earlier termination of this Lease. Lessee shall make the environmental audit available to Lessor upon Lessor’s request.

(5)

Lessee shall promptly notify Lessor in the event of the discovery of any Hazardous Materials on the Premises not permitted hereunder or any violation of any of the Environmental Laws.

(6)

Lessee shall notify Lessor, within three days of receipt by Lessee, of any written notice or written correspondence from any governmental agency or other person directed to Lessee, or to Lessee’s contractors, sublessees, tenants, invitees, or other persons of which Lessee has knowledge relating to the release at a material level of Hazardous Substances on, under, or adjacent to the Premises or any violation of any of the Environmental Laws, including any material correspondence in response to such written communications. Lessee also shall notify Lessor, within a reasonable time, of any other event relating to Hazardous Materials or the Environmental Laws, which event could reasonably be expected to injure the Premises, reduce the value of the Premises or the Improvements, or impair Lessee’s ability to comply with any of its obligations under this Lease.

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(7)

In the event of a leak, spill, or release at a material level of a Hazardous Material on the Premises by Lessee or the threat of or reasonable suspicion of the same, Lessee shall (to the extent that the Lessee or Lessor is so required under applicable law) immediately undertake all emergency response necessary to contain, clean-up, and remove the Hazardous Materials and shall undertake within a reasonable time all investigatory, remedial, and/or removal action necessary or appropriate to ensure that any contamination by the Hazardous Materials is addressed as authorized or approved by all federal, state, or local agencies having authority to regulate the permitting, handling, and cleanup of Hazardous Materials provided, however, that Lessor shall choose the waste disposal site and assume complete responsibility for arranging for the disposal of any Hazardous Substance(s) arising from any Lessor environmental responsibilities, including all emergency response and all investigatory, remedial, and/or removal action required by applicable Environmental Laws. Lessor shall have the right to approve all investigatory, remedial, and removal procedures and the company(ies) and/or individuals conducting such procedures; provided, however, that in the case of an emergency, no such prior approval shall be required. In all other cases, Lessor’s approval shall not be unreasonably withheld and be deemed given five business days after the receipt of Lessee’s proposed investigatory, remedial, or removal procedures. Within thirty (30) days following completion of such investigatory, remedial, or removal procedures, Lessee shall provide Lessor with a certificate reasonably acceptable to Lessor stating that all such contamination has been addressed as required by the applicable Environmental Laws. Lessee shall be responsible for any costs incurred under this Subsection (7), except that Lessor shall be responsible for any costs incurred by Lessee which arise from: (i) a condition on the Premises existing on the Lease Commencement Date, which is not caused by Lessee or its employees or agents, (ii) any contamination caused by the migration of Hazardous Materials on the Premises at any time from any other property (not caused by Lessee, or its employees or agents, or any of Lessee’s tenants or their employees or agents); or (iii) a leak, spill or release of Hazardous Materials on the Premises at any time caused by any action or inaction of Lessor, its employees, contractors or agents.

(8)

Lessee shall notify the appropriate federal, state, local or regional government agencies in the event of the occurrence of a spill or release on or at the Airport of any petroleum product or Hazardous Material in reportable quantity and shall provide Lessor with a copy of such notice. Lessee shall comply with the Airports Authority’s Spill Response and Clean-Up Orders and Instructions, IAD 4-5-4A, or current version. Lessee shall follow all Lessor’s notification procedures and complete the Spill Notification Checklist, attached as Exhibit B, within twelve (12) hours after any such spill or release.

(9)

Lessee will provide training for its employees related to Hazardous Materials in compliance with the requirements of applicable Environmental Laws.

(10)

Lessee shall obtain a hazardous waste generator identification number, if required by the applicable Environmental Laws.

(11)

Lessee shall obtain and keep on file a Safety Data Sheet for each material/chemical, as required by applicable Environmental Laws.

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(12)

Lessee shall install, maintain, and operate the oil/water separator(s) on site as required by applicable Environmental Laws, including period inspections, periodic cleaning and disposing of accumulated oils/sludge and grit that collected in the separator(s) and associated oil/water separated(s) cleaning materials in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and associated environmental permit requirements. The oil/water separator(s) must be inspected at least one (1) time per calendar quarter; however, Lessee may conduct less frequent inspections if Lessee has documented that a less frequent interval is adequate. Lessee shall maintain a log for the inspections and maintenance of the oil/water separator(s), which shall be provided to Lessor upon request. Lessee shall notify Lessor immediately upon becoming aware of any operational failure of the oil/water separator(s).

(13)

Lessee will join as a co-permittee in Lessor’s Virginia Pollution Discharge Elimination System Program (“VPDES”) Stormwater Permit and conduct its operations subject to the applicable provisions of the Clean Water Act. Lessor will provide Lessee with a copy of Lessor’s VPDES Permit and Lessee shall comply with the conditions of the VPDES Permit applicable to the Premises. Lessee will cooperate with Lessor with respect to the VPDES Permit, including seeking cost-effective terms when the Permit is under renewal and implementing Permit requirements in a cost-effective manner.

Lessee shall develop and implement a site-specific Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (“SWPPP”) in accordance with the VPDES Permit and all applicable laws. The Lessee shall provide the Lessor with a copy of the Lessee’s SWPPP within thirty (30) days of the execution of the VPDES Permit.

Lessee shall conduct facility inspections at the frequency specified in the VPDES Permit and the site-specific SWPPP. The Lessee shall retain documentation of inspections and corrective actions performed. These documents shall be available for review by the Lessor.

Lessee shall maintain a record of all spills, regardless of quantity, that occur on the Premises. This record shall contain all spills that occurred within a three year period and Lessee must make the record available to Lessor upon request.

Lessee shall report to the Lessor any unpermitted, unusual, or extraordinary storm water discharge which enters or could be expected to enter surface waters. Lessee shall notify Lessor as soon as possible, but not to exceed three hours after discovery of the event.

Lessor will conduct periodic inspections of the Lessee’s compliance with the VPDES Permit. Lessee must correct any discrepancies noted in the inspection within thirty (30) days of receiving the report.

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The use of deicing products containing ethylene glycol and/or urea-based is prohibited.

(14)

Lessee shall comply with the requirements of the Wastewater Discharge Permit issued by the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (“DC Water”).

Lessee shall not introduce any prohibitive discharges into the wastewater system in accordance with the Wastewater System Regulation Act of 1985, as amended, D.C. Code §§ 8-105.01 et seq. and the District of Columbia’s Pretreatment Regulations at 21 DCMR §§ 1509-1599, as may be amended from time to time.

Lessee shall ensure that all floor drains in maintenance areas are either blocked or directed to an oil/water separator prior to the discharge to the sanitary sewer.

Any non-routine non-sanitary discharge must obtain approval from the Lessor and DC Water prior to discharge to the sanitary system, this includes, but is not limited to flushing for testing/maintenance and fire system testing. The notification shall be made at least one (1) week prior to the anticipated discharge. The notification shall include at a minimum: Safety Data Sheet of any product used, estimated concentration and volume of the product, total anticipated discharge including water, and timing of the discharge.

Lessor and DC Water may conduct periodic inspections of the Premises, including review of records associated with proper disposal of waste items and best management practices including oil/water separators.

(15)

Lessee will register any storage tank in accordance with applicable Virginia Department of Environmental Quality regulations. Lessee shall conduct all inspections and testing required under the applicable regulations.

(16)

Lessee will minimize the exposure of stormwater to significant materials generated, stored, maintained, or handled by Lessee by implementing and maintaining all stormwater facilities/best management practices on the Premises to the approved design and in accordance with any long-term maintenance agreement between Lessor and Lessee for such stormwater facilities/best management practices, which long-term maintenance agreement shall be substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C.

(17)

If Lessee stores regulated materials above the federal and state threshold limits, an Oil Discharge Contingency Plan (ODCP) and Spill Pollution Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan is required. Lessee must develop, update and comply with the approved ODCP and SPCC Plan. The Plans also must address aircraft fueling/de-fueling activities. Lessee shall provide additional stormwater and sanitary sewer spill containment devices if aircraft fueling/defueling occur within the Premises.

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(18)

Lessee will obtain an air permit through the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, if required. The air permit may be required for the operation of heating units, emergency generators, other fossil fuel fire equipment, painting, storage tanks, and other emission generating materials.

(19)

Except for those costs or expenses that are Lessor’s responsibility under Subsection (7) above and subject to the limitations of Section C below, Lessee will indemnify, save, and hold harmless Lessor from and against all removal, remediation, containment, and other costs (whenever incurred), including but not limited to (i) third party claims, including government agencies, for damages, response costs, injunctions and other relief, including amounts owed to any regulating or administering agency; (ii) the cost, expense, or loss to Lessor of any injunctive relief (including preliminary or temporary injunctive relief) applicable to Lessor or the Premises; (iii) the reasonable expenses, including fees, expenses and obligations for attorneys, engineers, consultants, paralegals and experts, for reporting to governmental agencies or incurred at, before, or after any trial or appeal therefrom or administrative proceeding or appeal caused by, arising out of, or in connection with the handling, storage, discharge, transportation, or disposal of Hazardous Materials on the Premises by Lessee or its contractors or tenants, or any of their employees, representatives or agents (individually a “Lessee Party” or together “Lessee Parties”) that occurs after the Lease Commencement Date. In this Subsection (19), “Premises” shall be deemed to include the soil and water table thereof.

(20)

Lessor and the Lessee jointly agree that protection of the environment is a mutual goal. Lessee will adopt and implement a Sustainability Plan for its operations at the Premises that includes Lessee’s corporate sustainability policy statement and outlines initiatives Lessee will undertake to decrease environmental impacts and promote healthier and safer working conditions. The Sustainability Plan should describe how Lessee will operate, design and construct its facilities on the Premises using sustainability principles including, at a minimum, emissions management, water management, energy management, and waste management consistent with third party framework principles such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design or Envision, industry standards, and Lessor’s sustainability initiatives and corporate goals. The Sustainability Plan must include specific measurable goals and milestones and Lessee must be able to report to Lessor on its progress toward meeting such goals and milestones upon request, which shall be made no more than annually.

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Limitation on Lessee obligation. In making the representations, warranties and agreements set forth in this Lease and the indemnification obligations contained herein, Lessee does not undertake any obligation to remediate, or take any other action with respect to, or incur any liability for the cost of remediating or taking other action with respect to, any environmental condition affecting the Premises that (i) has resulted from the migration of Hazardous Materials to the Premises from off-site sources or adjacent Premises and is not attributable to the activities of Lessee or Lessee Parties, or (ii) is not (directly or indirectly) attributable to the activities of Lessee or the Lessee Parties; provided, however, that Lessor and Lessee do not intend this Article to limit Lessor’s right to seek contribution or cost-sharing under any applicable Environmental Laws for costs that Lessor may incur in connection with inspections, investigations, studies, design, construction, remediation or operations or maintenance of remedial activities at, on or near the Premises from parties responsible for any contamination occurring at, on or near the Premises. The foregoing express right of Lessor to seek contribution or cost-sharing shall in no way increase and alter Lessee’s liability as set forth elsewhere in this Lease.

Inspections and Assessment of Environmental Compliance. Lessor, in its sole discretion, during reasonable business hours and upon five days prior written notice (except in the event of an emergency), may enter upon the Premises and conduct any tests, measurements, investigations or assessments that Lessor deems necessary to determine the presence of Hazardous Materials or to evaluate Lessee’s compliance with this Article 12. Lessee also may enter the Premises to perform multi-media environmental audit inspections and visits, and perform multi-media pollution prevention inspections. Lessee may have a representative present during Lessor’s performance of any activities under this Section and may split samples of any soil and/or groundwater testing. Nothing herein requires Lessor to conduct such testing, measurement, investigation or assessment. Should Lessor identify any noncompliance with this Article or the Environmental Laws as a result of testing, measurements, investigations or assessments under this Section or Lessor identifies any other condition related to the presence of Hazardous Materials requiring corrective action, Lessee shall take any corrective action deemed necessary by Lessor, at Lessee’s sole cost and expense.

Remedies. If Lessee fails to comply with any of the requirements of the Environmental Laws, Lessor may, in addition to the other remedies for Lessee’s default set forth herein, at Lessor’s election but without the obligation to do so, (i) give such notices, (ii) cause such work to be performed on the Premises, and (iii) take any and all other actions as Lessor deems necessary or advisable in order to abate, remove or remediate any Hazardous Materials or otherwise cure Lessor’s noncompliance, with Lessee to reimburse Lessor for the costs thereof within ten (10) days of demand, together with interest thereon from the date of payment until paid by Lessee at an interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) the Default Rate or (ii) the interest rate equal to five percent (5%) per annum above the prime rate of interest as published from time to time by The Wall Street Journal.

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ARTICLE 13 – INDEMNIFICATION

Lessee shall defend, indemnify, and hold Lessor and its directors, officers, employees, agents and volunteers completely harmless from and against any claim, suit, demand, action, liability, loss, damage, judgment, fines or civil penalty and all reasonable costs and expenses of whatever kind or nature (including, but not limited to, attorney fees, court costs, and expert fees) associated therewith in any way and to the extent arising from or based upon the actual or alleged violation of any federal, state, or local laws, statutes, resolutions, or regulations by Lessee, its agents, employees, contractors, tenants or other occupants, in conjunction with Lessee’s use and/or occupancy of the Premises. Lessor shall not be responsible to Lessee or to any other person or persons whomsoever for any injury to or death of any person or persons whomsoever or damage to or loss of any property caused by any latent or patent defect in or any disrepair of the Premises or any portion thereof or the Improvements now existing or hereafter erected or the areas adjacent to the Premises, or directly or indirectly occasioned by, arising out of or in any way connected with Lessee’s construction, maintenance, use, misuse, occupancy of or operations upon the Premises or any portion thereof or the Airport areas used in accessing or using the Premises, or the exercise or enjoyment of any of the rights or privileges accorded Lessee under this Lease, or any acts or omissions of Lessee or its employees, business invitees or guests or any other person upon or about the Premises or any portion thereof, or any other cause whatsoever, and Lessee agrees to indemnify, defend and hold Lessor and any affiliate of Lessor, and each of their respective direct or indirect officers, directors, employees, agents, volunteers or representatives (each a “Lessor Party” or together the “Lessor Parties”) harmless from and against all costs, expenses, claims, demands and liabilities of whatsoever kind or nature incurred by or asserted against Landlord or other indemnitees for such injury or death, damage or loss (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) in connection therewith except to the extent such loss, injury, death or damage is caused by the sole negligent act or omission or willful misconduct of Lessor. Lessor shall give Lessee reasonable notice of and an opportunity to defend against any such claims or actions, and Lessor shall take reasonable actions to mitigate its damages.

Lessee shall indemnify, defend and hold Lessor and any other Lessor Parties harmless from and against any and all claims, liabilities, causes of action, costs and expenses incurred by Lessor or other Lessor Parties or asserted against Lessor or other Lessor Parties which either (i) arise from or are in connection with the possession, construction upon, use, occupancy, management, repair, maintenance or control of the Premises or any portion thereof; or (ii) result from any default, breach, violation or non-performance of this Lease or any provision hereof by Lessee, any affiliate of Lessee, any permitted tenant or any other permitted occupant of the Premises, and each of their respective direct or indirect partners, officers, shareholders, directors, members, trustees, beneficiaries, servants, employees, principals, contractors, licensees, agents, invitees or representatives (each a “Lessee Party”, and collectively the “Lessee Parties”) excepting such liability as may result from the sole negligence of Lessor or a Lessor Party. Lessee shall pay such indemnified amounts as they are incurred by the Lessor Parties. This indemnification shall not be construed to deny or reduce any other rights or obligations of indemnity that Lessor Parties may have under this Lease or the common law.

Breach. In the event that Lessee breaches any of its indemnity obligations hereunder or under any other contractual or common law indemnity: (i) Lessee shall pay to the Lessor Parties all actual liabilities, loss, cost, or expense (including reasonable attorney’s fees) incurred as a result of said breach; and (ii) the Lessor Parties may deduct and offset from any amounts due to Lessee under this Lease any amounts owed by Lessee pursuant to this Article.

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No limitation. The indemnification obligations under this Article shall not be limited in any way by any limitation on the amount or type of damages, compensation or benefits payable by or for Lessee or any tenant or other occupant of the Premises under workers’ compensation acts, disability benefit acts, or other employee benefit acts. Lessee waives any immunity from or limitation on its indemnity or contribution liability to the Lessor Parties based upon such acts.

Tenants and other occupants. Lessee shall require any tenants and other occupants of the Premises to provide similar indemnities to the Lessor Parties in a form acceptable to Lessor.

Costs. The foregoing indemnity and hold harmless agreement shall include indemnity for all costs, expenses and liabilities (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by the Lessor Parties in connection with any such claim or any action or proceeding brought thereon, and the defense thereof. In addition, in the event that any action or proceeding shall be brought against one or more Lessor Parties by reason of any such claim, Lessee, upon request from the Lessor Party, shall resist and defend such action or proceeding on behalf of the Lessor Party by counsel appointed by Lessee’s insurer (if such claim is covered by insurance without reservation) or otherwise by counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Lessor Party. The Lessor Parties shall not be bound by any compromise or settlement of any such claim, action or proceeding without the prior written consent of such Lessor Parties. Any final judgment rendered against Lessor for any cause for which Lessee is liable hereunder shall be conclusive against Lessee as to liability and amount, where the time for appeal therefrom has expired.

ARTICLE 14 – INSURANCE

Required Minimum Coverage. At its expense, Lessee will obtain and maintain in full force and effect during the Term, and any extensions and amendments thereto, at least the following insurance from an insurance company(ies) admitted to do business in the Commonwealth of Virginia and rated not less than the Minimum Rating, and all policies must have Commonwealth of Virginia amendatory endorsements, unless otherwise approved by Lessor in its sole discretion:

(1)

Construction Period. During any construction period under this Lease:

Course of Construction (Builders Risk). Shall cover all risks of loss for the completed value of the then current project with no coinsurance penalty provisions, as well as all risk of direct physical loss or damage to property intended to become a permanent part of, or consumed in, the fabrication, assembly, installation, erection, or alteration of Lessee’s construction. Lessee shall be named as loss payee.

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Commercial General Liability (“CGL Coverage”). Shall be a limit of not less than Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) per occurrence. Coverage written on a “claims-made” basis is not acceptable. Coverage shall include, with sublimits and aggregates where applicable, but not be limited to, Bodily Injury and Property Damage to Third Parties, Contractual Liability, Products-Completed Operations, Personal Injury and Advertising Injury Liability, Premises-Operations, Independent Contractors and Subcontractors, Mobile Equipment Liability, and Damages to Rented Premises. Explosion, Collapse, and Underground Property Damage Liability Coverage shall not be excluded. The Products-Completed Operations coverage shall be provided for a minimum of three years following the Date of Beneficial Occupancy. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be included as an Additional Insured. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

Business Automobile Liability. In the event Lessee does not own automobiles in the corporate name, Lessee must maintain coverage with the each accident limit identified herein for Hired and Non-Owned Autos, which may be satisfied by way of endorsement to the CGL Coverage described above or a separate Business Auto Liability Policy. Evidence of either must be provided. Coverage shall be a limit of not less than Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) each accident for any vehicle (owned, non-owned, or hired/leased) used by Lessee on the Premises. Coverage must include handling of property for loading/unloading. If Hazardous Materials are to be transported, coverage shall include hauling of such Hazardous Materials at least as broad as that provided under the ISO pollution liability CA 99 48 and the Motor Carrier Act endorsement (MCS 90). Lessee must comply with all laws and insurance requirements applicable to where Hazardous Materials may be transported. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be included as an Additional Insured for Vicarious Liability. This shall be documented using ISO (Insurance Services Office, Inc.) endorsement CA 20 48 DESIGNATED INSURED or an equivalent form. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

Professional Liability (Design Professionals Errors & Omissions) (applicable only to Architects and Engineers design work). Shall be a limit of not less than Two Million Dollars ($2,000,000) per claim covering negligent acts, errors, mistakes and omissions arising out of the work or services performed by Lessee or any person employed or contracted by Lessee. The policy shall include Unintentional Errors/Omissions Endorsement and Cross Liability Endorsement. The retroactive date shall precede the Effective Date of this Lease. The policy shall not contain any exclusion for property occupied by, or in the care, custody, or control of the insured. The policy shall not contain any exclusion or limitation related to Environmental Impairment. If this coverage is to be provided by Lessee’s contractor(s), Lessee shall provide to Lessor a certificate of insurance from contractor(s) evidencing coverage is in effect.

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Environmental Liability. Shall be a limit of not less than Two Million Dollars ($2,000,000) per loss for bodily injury, property damage, and environmental clean-up costs cause by pollutions conditions, both sudden and non-sudden. This requirement can be satisfied by either a separate environmental liability policy or through a modification to the CGL Coverage policy. Evidence of either must be provided. If the coverage is written on a claims-made basis, the Lessee warrants that any retroactive date applicable to coverage under the policy precedes the Effective Date of this Lease and that continuous coverage shall be maintained or an extended reporting period will be exercised for a period of not less than two years from the termination or expiration of this Lease. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be included as an Additional Insured. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

Workers Compensation and Employers Liability. Shall be at Virginia Statutory Limits with Virginia coverage added to item 3A of the policy, a Virginia listing under item 3C of the policy is not sufficient. Lessee shall satisfy all compulsory requirements relating to workers compensation in any jurisdiction in which benefits may be claimed. Employers Liability shall be a limit of not less than One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) for bodily injury by accident and One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) each employee for bodily injury by disease. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

“All Risk” Property (Lessee’s Property). Replacement cost coverage under an “All Risk” policy for any of Lessee’s real or personal property used or situated on the Premises.

(2)

Operating Period. Beginning on the date of the Temporary Certificate of Occupancy for any portion of the Premises:

Commercial General Liability (“CGL Coverage”). Shall be a limit of not less than Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) per occurrence with sublimits and aggregates where applicable. Coverage written on a “claims-made” basis is not acceptable. Coverage written on a “claims made” basis is not acceptable. Coverage shall include, but not be limited to, Bodily Injury and Property Damage to Third Parties, Contractual Liability, Products Completed Operations, Person Injury and Advertising Injury Liability, Premises Operations, Independent Contractors and Subcontractors, Mobile Equipment, Liquor Liability, and Damage to Rented Premises. Coverage shall include the Premises and all on-Airport vehicles and mobile equipment, and all Lessee’s activities on the Premises or the Airport and all indemnifications made under this Lease. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be included as an Additional Insured. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

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Hangar Keepers Liability. Shall be written on an “occurrence” basis with a limit of not less than Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000) per occurrence. The upper limits of any one aircraft to be determined by the estimated replacement cost of the average number of aircraft parked (serviced) on any given day. Coverage written on a “claims-made” basis is not acceptable.

Aircraft Liability. For aircraft owned, maintained, leased, non-owned, hired, or operated by Lessee, or if Lessee conducts flight operations, shall be written on an “occurrence” basis per aircraft with a limit of not less than Two Hundred Million Dollars ($200,000,000). Coverage shall include, with sublimits and aggregates where applicable, for bodily injury and/or death, personal injury and property damage, including passenger coverage.

Business Automobile Liability. If Lessee does not own automobiles in the corporate name, Lessee shall maintain coverage with the each accident limit identified herein for Hired and Non-owned Autos, which may be satisfied by way of endorsement to the Airport Liability policy described above or a separate Business Auto Liability policy. Evidence of either must be provided. Shall be a limit of not less than Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) each accident for any vehicle (owned, non-owned, or hired/leased) used by Lessee on the Premises. Coverage must include handling of property for loading/unloading. If Hazardous Materials are to be transported, coverage shall include hauling of such Hazardous Materials at least as broad as that provided under the ISO pollution liability CA 99 48 and the Motor Carrier Act endorsement (MCS 90). Lessee must comply with all laws and insurance requirements applicable to where Hazardous Materials may be transported. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be included as an Additional Insured for Vicarious Liability. This shall be documented using ISO (Insurance Services Office, Inc.) endorsement CA 20 48 DESIGNATED INSURED or an equivalent form. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

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Environmental Liability. Shall be a limit of not less than Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) per loss for bodily injury, property damage, and environmental clean-up costs cause by pollutions conditions, both sudden and non-sudden. This requirement can be satisfied by either a separate environmental liability policy or through a modification to the Airport Liability policy. Evidence of either must be provided. If the coverage is written on a claims-made basis, the Lessee warrants that any retroactive date applicable to coverage under the policy precedes the Effective Date of this Lease and that continuous coverage shall be maintained or an extended reporting period will be exercised for a period of not less than two years from the termination or expiration of this Lease. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be included as an Additional Insured. Coverage shall include a waiver of subrogation provision to waive all rights of recovery under subrogation or otherwise against Lessor.

Storage Tank Liability. Shall be maintained with limits of not less than One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) for both Financial Responsibility Regulations for Under and Above Ground Storage Tank Systems and for third-party bodily injury and property damage from pollution conditions emanating from storage tanks. The policy also shall provide coverage for corrective action and clean up as required by applicable federal and state regulations.

“All Risk” Property (Lessee’s Property). Replacement cost coverage under an “All Risk” policy for any of Lessee’s real or personal property used or situated on the Premises and all improvements and betterments, including all subsequent alterations, rebuilding, replacements, changes, and additions thereto made by Lessee against loss or damage by reason of fire, lightning, wind, hail, floods, explosion, smoke, vandalism, malicious mischief, riot, civil commotion, damage from aircraft, coverage of demolition of buildings and removal of debris, business interruption, extra expense, and hazards and risks included with so-called “extended coverage endorsements” or “all-risk”. The policy shall name Lessee as the insured owner and shall contain an endorsement in favor of the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority as Loss Payee in a form satisfactory to Lessor. The policy shall be issued in an aggregate amount which shall not be less than the full replacement value (exclusive of paved surfaces, excavation, basements, and foundations) of all Lessee’s property on the Premises. The policy shall provide that all proceeds of such insurance shall be payable to Lessee, in trust, to be used for the sole purpose of repairing or replacing the damaged or destroyed property on the Premises.

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(3)

All of the policies, excluding Professional Liability, shall be primary and Lessee agrees that any insurance, including self-insurance, whether primary, excess, or on any other basis, maintained by the Lessor shall be non-contributing with respect to Lessee’s insurance. Any self-insured retention, deductible, or similar obligation on all of the policies shall be Lessee’s sole responsibility.

(4)

Lessee may use commercial umbrella/excess liability insurance so that Lessee has the flexibility to select the best combination of primary and excess limits to meet the total insurance limits required by this Lease. Any umbrella or excess liability coverage must be at least as broad as the primary coverage and contain all coverage provisions that are required of the primary coverage. If an umbrella policy is used to meet the total insurance limits required by this Lease and covers more than General Liability and Automobile Liability, a statement must be provided on the evidence of insurance to indicate which policy it follows.

Other periods. Until commencement of construction under this Lease, Lessee will continue to comply with the insurance requirements set forth in the Access Agreement.

Notice regarding changes. Lessee shall advise Lessor of any cancellation, non-renewal, or material change in any policy required hereunder within ten (10) business days of Lessee receiving notification of such action from the insurer.

Adjustments to Coverages. At any time throughout the Term, Lessor may adjust the insurance requirements set forth in Section A of this Article if, in Lessor’s reasonable judgement, the insurance required hereunder is inadequate to protect the Lessor’s interest. Lessee agrees that it will procure the adjusted insurance, provided the coverage is available at reasonable rates.

Tenant Coverage. Lessee must ensure that its tenants independently carry insurance appropriate to cover the tenant’s exposures, or are covered under Lessee’s policies. Lessee must require and verify that all of its tenants maintain insurance meeting the Lessee’s requirements on specific coverages and limits as stated herein and Lessee shall ensure that the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority is included as an Additional Insured on insurance required from its tenants. Lessee must monitor its tenants’ evidence of insurance to ensure compliance with their lease with Lessee. Lessee also must maintain copies of all tenants’ evidence of insurance and provide to Lessor, upon Lessor’s request.

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Contractor Coverage. Lessee must ensure that all of its contractors, if any, independently carry insurance appropriate to cover that contractor’s exposures, or are covered under Lessee’s policies. Lessee must require and verify that all contractors maintain insurance meeting the Lessee’s requirements on specific coverages and limits as stated herein and Lessee shall ensure that the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority is included as an Additional Insured on insurance required from its contractors. Lessee must monitor its contractors’ evidence of insurance to ensure compliance with their contract with Lessee. Lessee also must maintain copies of all contractors’ evidence of insurance and provide it to Lessor, upon Lessor’s request.

Evidence of Insurance. Upon the Effective Date, prior to the beginning of any period of construction, prior to issuance of any Temporary Certificate of Occupancy, and as soon as possible after renewal or Lessor’s request, Lessee shall provide Lessor with valid evidence of insurance exhibiting coverage required under this Lease. The evidence of insurance shall be provided on the most current industry standard form by the Association for Cooperative Operations Research and Development (ACORD) or other form acceptable to Lessor. For Liability Insurance, the ACORD 25 (2016/03) is the most current industry standard form. ACORD 25 forms older than 2016/03 are not acceptable. The evidence of insurance shall identify Lessee as the primary insured and clearly identify this Lease, preferably in the Certificate Holder section. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority must be named as the Certificate Holder on the evidence of insurance. The evidence of insurance and any other insurance-related notices shall be issued to Manager, Airport Administration Department, Washington Dulles International Airport, P.O. Box 17045, Washington, D.C. 20041.

Right to Inspect. Lessor reserves the right to inspect relevant endorsements, declaration pages, and/or a complete copy of the insurance policy(s) from Lessee, evidencing the coverage required herein, upon written demand. Lessee shall provide a reasonable opportunity for Lessor to inspect such insurance documents, as Lessee’s corporate office located closest to the Airport, within ten (10) business days of Lessor’s written request for such inspection.

Failure to Enforce. Lessor’s failure to enforce this Article 14, in whole or in part, at any time during the Term, or to identify a deficiency from evidence that is provided shall not constitute a waiver of these provisions or in any respect reduce Lessee’s obligations to maintain such insurance or to defend and hold Lessor harmless with respect to any items or injury or damage covered by this Lease.

“Minimum Rating” defined. The term “Minimum Rating” shall mean a rating (if A.M. Best Company is the Rating Service) of A- (Financial Size: VII) based upon the criteria for financial strength and financial size ratings utilized by A.M. Best Company on the Effective Date, or such equivalent rating (if A.M. Best Company is not the Rating Service or if A.M. Best Company subsequently revises its criteria for financial strength and financial size ratings) as determined in the Lessor’s sole discretion.

Lessee liability. It is expressly understood and agreed that the minimum limits set forth in this Article 14 shall not limit Lessee’s liability for its acts or omissions as provided in this Lease. If Lessee maintains broader coverage and/or higher limits than required hereunder, Lessor requires and shall be entitled to the broader coverage and/or higher limits maintained by Lessee.

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ARTICLE 15 – CASUALTY

Duty to restore. Lessee covenants and agrees that in the case of damage to or destruction of the Improvements during the Term by fire or other casualty not caused by Lessor’s sole negligence or willful conduct (either, a “Casualty”), Lessee, at its sole cost and expense, will promptly restore, repair, replace, and rebuild the Improvements as nearly as possible to the condition they were in immediately prior to such Casualty and in accordance with Applicable Laws. Lessee shall promptly give Lessor written notice of any such Casualty and specify in such notice, in reasonable detail, the extent thereof. All such restoration, repairs, replacements, rebuilding, changes and alterations, including the cost of temporary repairs for the protection of the Premises or any portion thereof pending completion, are hereinafter referred to as “Restoration.”

Insurance Proceeds. All insurance proceeds actually recovered by Lessor, if any, less the cost, if any, incurred by Lessor to recover such proceeds, shall be applied to the payment of the costs of Restoration and shall be paid out from time to time as Restoration progresses, in accordance with terms and procedures to be reasonably established by Lessor.

Restoration Plans and Specifications. The Plans and Specifications for the Restoration shall be subject to Lessor’s reasonable approval, in accordance with Article 6 of this Lease. Lessee shall perform the Restoration in accordance with the terms of this Lease, and all applicable laws and Lessor requirements.

No right to terminate. Except as provided in Section E of this Article, no destruction of or damage to the Premises or the Improvements, or any portion thereof, shall permit Lessee to terminate this Lease or relieve Lessee of its obligation to pay Rent and all other sums which may be payable by Lessee under this Lease and Lessee waives any rights now or hereinafter conferred upon by Lessee by any present or future Applicable Laws or otherwise to quit or surrender this Lease or the Premises, or any portion thereof, to Lessor or to any suspension, abatement or reduction of Rent or other sums payable under this Lease in the event of such damage or destruction.

Exception to duty to restore. If the Improvements are “substantially damaged”, as defined herein, by any Casualty during the final three years of the Term, and Lessee determines that the operation of its business on the Premises is materially impaired by such Casualty, then Lessee, at its option, may terminate this Lease by delivery of written notice to Lessor within ninety (90) days after the occurrence of such Casualty, in which event this Lease shall be deemed to have terminated effective as of the date of the Casualty; provided however, that Lessee’s failure to deliver a termination notice within such ninety (90) day period shall be conclusively deemed to be a waiver by Lessee of its right to terminate the Lease under this Section E. As used in this Section E, “substantially damaged” means that more than seventy percent (70%) of the Improvements are unusable for a Permitted Use as a result of the Casualty.

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ARTICLE 16 - LIENS

Prohibited liens. Lessee may not, at any time, suffer or permit the attachment to the Premises of any lien for work done or materials furnished in connection with Lessee’s maintenance, repair, and/or alterations to the Improvements or the Premises. If any such lien attaches to the Improvements or Premises and is not discharged or released within thirty (30) days from the date of filing thereof, and Lessee has not taken the requisite action to contest such lien (including staying the enforcement thereof), Lessor, at its option, may pay to the lien claimant the amount of such lien and notify Lessee of such payment, in which event such amount shall immediately be due and payable by Lessee and shall accrue interest at the Default Rate; provided, however, that if Lessee desires to contest such lien, then Lessee may, in accordance with applicable law, so long as such contest prevents or stays the execution, enforcement, or foreclosure of such lien on the Premises, and in such event Lessee shall furnish to Lessor a bond written by a surety company acceptable to Lessor for an amount equal to twice the amount of the lien for Lessor’s protection against all losses or expenses on account of such asserted lien during the period of the contest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, should Lessor notify Lessee that, in the reasonable opinion of Lessor or its counsel, Lessor’s interests will be adversely affected by the nonpayment or failure to stay the enforcement of any such lien, Lessee will cause any such lien to be discharged of record or the enforcement thereof stayed within ten (10) days after delivery of Lessor’s written notice.

Permitted liens. Lessee accepts this Lease subject and subordinate to any mortgage, deed or trust, or other lien presently existing or hereinafter placed upon the Premises by Lessor, and to any renewals and extensions thereof, and Lessee agrees to attorn to the holder of any such mortgage, deed of trust or other lien holder. Upon Lessor’s request, Lessee will execute and deliver any documents requested by Lessor’s mortgagee evidencing the subordination of this Lease to any mortgage, deed of trust or other lien held by such mortgagee pursuant to this Section B. Lessor is hereby irrevocably vested with the full power and authority to subordinate this Lease to any mortgage, deed of trust or other lien hereafter placed upon the Premises. Lessee agrees upon demand to execute such further instruments subordinating this Lease as Lessor may request; provided, however, that upon Lessee’s written request and notice to Lessor, and as a condition to such subordination, Lessor shall obtain from such mortgagee a written agreement, in form and content reasonably acceptable to Lessee, that Lessee’s rights under this Lease shall remain in full force and effect during the Term so long as Lessee continues to recognize and perform all the covenants and conditions of this Lease.

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ARTICLE 17 - CONDEMNATION

Condemnation. If title to the Premises, in its entirety, or possession thereof, shall be acquired by anyone by their exercise of the right of eminent domain, or by conveyance in lieu thereof, this Lease shall cease and terminate upon the vesting of title or the taking of possession, whichever occurs first. If title or possession to less than the whole of the Premises shall be acquired by anyone by their exercise of the right of eminent domain, or by conveyance in lieu thereof, and such taking is sufficient to substantially interfere with Lessee’s intended use of the Premises, Lessee may terminate this Lease effective as of the date of the vesting of such title or such possession, whichever occurs first, provided that Lessee provides Lessor with written notice of termination within thirty (30) days of obtaining notice of the proposed condemnation or conveyance. If Lessee does not terminate the Lease under this Article, or the proposed condemnation or conveyance is not of a nature that gives rise to Lessee’s right to terminate under this Article, the Lease shall remain in full force and effect, and the Rent set forth in Article 4 shall be reduced by the greater of (1) the per square foot Rent multiplied by the square footage condemned; or (2) in proportion to the reduction in fair market value of the Premises to be used by Lessee due to the condemnation or conveyance in lieu thereof and Lessee shall promptly perform, at its sole cost and expense, any necessary Restoration in accordance with Article 15.

Condemnation Award. The condemnation award (or the proceeds of a sale in lieu thereof) for the real property portion of the Premises, whether such award be made by court order or by compromise or agreement, shall be payable solely to and be the sole property of Lessor, with Lessor acknowledging that the Improvements are owned by Lessee for the duration of the Term, and Lessee hereby assigns its interest in any such award to Lessor. However, Lessee shall have the right to file for a separate award for its interest in the Improvements (but not the reversionary interest, which belongs to Lessor), and Lessee’s equipment, fixtures, and other personal property, and its leasehold interest in the Premises, in the event of any such condemnation of the Premises.

Pro-Rata Payments Due. Upon any termination of the Lease under the provisions of this Article 17, Lessee shall make all payments required to be made by Lessee pro rata to the date of termination.

ARTICLE 18 - ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING

Assignment. Lessee may transfer or assign this Lease to an Affiliate, as defined herein, with Lessor’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld and at no additional costs to Lessee. Any other assignments require Lessor’s prior written consent, which may be withheld in Lessor’s sole discretion. “Affiliate” refers to an entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with Lessee.

Subletting. Lessor’s prior written consent is not required for Lessee’s subleasing of the Premises, in whole or in part, of aircraft hangars and associated space; however, Lessee must provide Lessor with a completed Covered Transaction Certification for each tenant, as described in Section C(1) of this Article, within ten (10) business days of execution of any sublease.

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CFIUS Approval. Lessee acknowledges and agrees that this Lease and any subleases entered into hereunder are subject to regulations pertaining to certain transactions by foreign persons involving real estate in the United States implemented under 31 CFR Part 802 and administered by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”). To ensure compliance with these regulations, the Parties agree that:

(1)

Lessee will provide a completed Covered Transaction Certification, the form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit D, with any request to Lessor for approval of an assignment and as required by Section B of this Article.

(2)

If deemed necessary, in Lessor’s sole determination, the Parties will:

promptly file, or cause to be filed, a Declaration (“CFIUS Declaration”) as provided for in 50 U.S.C. § 4565 and 31 CFR 802.401, or a Notice (“CFIUS Notice”), as provided for in 31 CFR 802.501; and

will, in cooperation with each other, each use reasonable efforts to obtain CFIUS Clearance, as defined herein, including but not limited to, agreeing to take or commit to take any action or agree to any mitigation under Section 721 of the Defense Production Act (“DPA”), provided that no such measure would result in a material adverse impact on the Party; and

will promptly respond (and in no event respond no later than as required by CFIUS) to and cooperate with the other in responding to any request for additional information, documents or other materials received after filing of the CFIUS Declaration or CFIUS Notice.

(3)

Lessor has sole discretion and decision-making authority to withdraw, refile, abandon, and/or proceed with any CFIUS Declaration or CFIUS Notice.

(4)

As used herein, CFIUS Clearance means (i) the receipt of a written notification issued by CFIUS that it has determined that the transaction covered by this Lease is not a “covered real estate transaction” under Section 721 of the DPA; (ii) the receipt of a written notification from CFIUS that it has completed its assessment of the transactions contemplated by this Lease and determined that there are no unresolved national security concerns with respect to such transactions; or (iii) receipt of written notification from CFIUS that it is not able to complete action with respect to the CFIUS Declaration and Lessor, in its sole discretion, determines that the Parties will not file a Joint Voluntary Notice under 31 CFR 802.501. To the extent that, in response to the CFIUS Declaration, CFIUS requests the Parties file written notice pursuant to 31 CFR 802.405(a)(1), or initiates a unilateral review of the transaction pursuant to 31 CFFR 802.405(a)(1), or the Parties file a Joint Voluntary Notice under 31 CFR 082.501, “CFIUS Clearance” shall also mean that CFIUS sent a report to the President of the United States requesting a decision on the Parties’ CFIUS Notice and either (x) the period under which the President may announce his decision to take action regarding the transaction has expired without any such action being taken, or (y) the President announced a decision not to take any action to suspend, prohibit, or place any limitation on the transaction.

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ARTICLE 19 - DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

Event of Default. Any of the following occurrences or acts shall constitute an event of default (“Event of Default”) under this Lease:

(1)

Lessee fails to pay any installment of Rent or any applicable taxes, assessments, insurance premiums or any other payments due under this Lease on the due date thereof; or

(2)

Lessee fails to comply with the terms of Article 21.C or Article 23; or

(3)

Lessee fails to comply with any of the terms, covenants, conditions or obligations of this Lease which do not involve a default described in Subsections (1) or (2) above, and such failure is not cured by Lessee within thirty (30) days after written notice from Lessor, or if the nature of such default requires more than thirty (30) days to cure, if Lessee fails to commence cure within such thirty (30) day period or fails to diligently pursue such cure to completion; or

(4)

A petition for bankruptcy, reorganization, or arrangement shall be filed by or against Lessee and (in the case of an involuntary petition) will not be dismissed within ninety (90) days of the filing of the same, or Lessee shall be adjudicated as bankrupt or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors; or

(5)

A receiver or trustee of the property of Lessee should be appointed in any proceeding brought by or against Lessee and (in the case of an involuntary proceeding) such receiver or trustee shall not be discharged within ninety (90) days after such appointment; or

(6)

This Lease shall be attached or executed upon and such attachment shall not be satisfied or released within thirty (30) days thereafter.

Right to Cure. Notwithstanding the existence of an Event of Default, Lessee retains the right to cure such Event of Default up to the actual termination of this Lease provided such cure must include reimbursement to Lessor by Lessee of all costs and expenses incurred by Lessor in connection with such Event of Default. During the period of an Event of Default, Lessor, following thirty (30) days written notice of its intent to declare an uncured Event of Default and terminate this Lease, may terminate this Lease and/or pursue any other rights or remedies available at law or in equity in the event Lessee has not cured the same within such period. In the event of two or more Events of Default involving non-payment of Rent during any twenty-four (24) month period, Lessee shall pay to Lessor one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) (“Habitual Default Penalty”) for each such Event of Default, in addition to the outstanding amounts of Rent, late payment fees described in Article 4.F, and any other amounts owed to Lessor under the terms of this Lease. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Lessor may terminate this Lease immediately upon notice to Lessee in the of more than three Events of Default involving non-payment of Rent occurring within any twenty-four (24) month period.

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Right to Enter. In addition, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, Lessor shall have the immediate right, whether or not this Lease shall have been terminated, to re-enter, by force if necessary (without liability or prosecution or any claim for damages therefor), and take any action Lessee was obligated to take under this Lease (although Lessor has no obligation to take such action), and Lessee will reimburse Lessor upon demand for any costs or expense Lessor incurs for effecting compliance with Lessee’s obligations hereunder. Lessor also may repossess the Premises by summary proceedings, ejectment or any other legal action or in any lawful manner Lessor determines to be necessary or desirable, and may remove Lessee and Lessee’s property therefrom. Lessor shall not remove any tenant or tenant’s property provided that such tenant is not in default. No such re-entry or repossession of the Premises shall be construed as an election by Lessor to terminate this Lease unless a notice of such termination is expressly given to Lessee, or unless such termination is decreed by a court or other governmental tribunal of competent jurisdiction. In the event Lessor exercises any of the rights described in this Section, the Parties agree that:

(1)

Lessor shall not be liable for any damages resulting to the Lessee from any action taken by Lessor under this Section C.

(2)

Lessor may collect directly from tenants all rents becoming due and under any sublease and apply such rent against any sums due by Lessee to Lessor.

(3)

At any time or from time to time after the repossession of the Premises, whether or not this Lease shall have been terminated, Lessor may attempt to re-let the Premises for the account of Lessee in the name of Lessee or Lessor or otherwise, for such term or terms and on such other conditions and for such uses as Lessor, in its sole and absolute discretion, may in good faith determine. Lessee shall be liable to Lessor for any costs or expenses incurred by Lessor to re-let the Premises. Lessor may collect and receive any rent payable by reason of such re-letting and shall apply the same to reduce the obligations of Lessor hereunder.

No termination of this Lease, and no re-entry or repossession of the Premises, and no re-letting of the Premises, shall relieve Lessee of its liabilities and obligations, all of which shall survive such termination, re-entry, repossession or re-letting, nor shall Lessor be relieved of using reasonable, good faith efforts to mitigate its damages as required by applicable law.

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No right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to Lessor is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and each and every right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to any other right or remedy given hereunder, and Lessor shall also be entitled to all remedies now or hereafter existing by law, in equity or by statute.

In the event either Party employs the services of an attorney to enforce the terms and provisions hereof, the prevailing party in any suit, action or proceeding shall be entitled to recover from the non-prevailing party its reasonable attorneys’ fees and all expenses and costs related to the enforcement of its rights hereunder.

ARTICLE 20 - NOTICES

All notices, approvals, consents, requests, demands and other communications required or permitted by this Lease (individually, a “Notice”) must be in writing to be effective and personally delivered or sent by certified United States Mail, postage prepaid, or by a recognized delivery service that provides registered and verifiable shipment or air bill tracking and delivery record, with costs prepaid, to the addresses set forth below:

If to Lessee:

Sky Harbour, LLC

136 Tower Rd., Suite 205

White Plains, NY 10604

Attention: In-House Counsel

with a copy to:

Sky Harbour

3851 NW 145^th Street

Opa-locka, FL 33054

Attention: Vice President of Real Estate

If to Lessor:

Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority

Vice President of Real Estate

45045 Aviation Dr., Suite 300

Dulles, Virginia 20166

with a copy to:

Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority

Office of the General Counsel

1 Aviation Cir.

Washington, D.C. 20001

Either Party may change the person and place to which a Notice is to be sent upon written notice to the other. A Notice shall be deemed received and effective on the date that is three days after the date on which the Notice is deposited in the United States Mail if sent by certified mail, or, if personally delivered, on the date such personal delivery is made. If a Notice is sent by a recognized delivery service, then the Notice shall be deemed received by the addressee on the date on which the signature receipt is recorded by such recognized delivery service.

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ARTICLE 21 – RIGHT OF FLIGHT

Continuing Right of Flight. Lessor hereby reserves from the Premises, for the use and benefit of itself, and its successors and assigns, and the operators, owners and users of aircraft of all types and for the public in general, a perpetual easement and right-of-way for the free and unobstructed flight and passage of aircraft (“aircraft” being defined for the purposes of this Lease as any contrivance now known or hereafter invented, used or designed for navigation of or flight in or through the air) by whomsoever owned or operated, in and through the airspace above, over and across the surface of the Premises, together with the right to cause in such airspace such noise, vibration, odors, vapors, particulate, smoke, dust or other effects as may be inherent in the operation of aircraft for navigation of or flight or passage in and through such airspace, and for the use of such airspace by aircraft for approaching, landing upon, taking off from, maneuvering about or operating on the Airport. Lessee does hereby waive, remise and release any right or cause of action which it now has or may have in the future against Lessor, its successors and assigns, due to such noise, vibrations, fumes, dust, fuel particles and all other surface effects that may be cause or may have been caused by the operation of aircraft passing over the Premises or adjoining property, or landing at or taking off from, other otherwise operating at or on the Airport.

No Hazard to or Interference with Aircraft. Lessee shall not plant or construct, cause or permit to be planted or constructed, or suffer to remain, upon the property any bush, shrub, tree, pole, fence, building, structure or other obstruction of any kind or nature whatsoever which extends, or which may at any time in the future extend, into the airspace above the Premises to an elevation exceeding that prescribed by 14 CFR Part 77, as may be amended, modified, superseded from time to time (“Part 77”).

No Hazard to or Interference with Air Navigation. Lessee shall not hereafter use, cause or permit to be used, or suffer use of, the Premises so as (i) to cause electrical, electronic or other interference with radio, radar, microwave or other similar means of communications between Lessor or the FAA and any aircraft; (ii) to adversely affect or impair the ability of operators of aircraft to distinguish between regularly installed air navigation lights and visual aids and other lights serving the Airport; or (iii) to cause glare in the eyes of operators of aircraft approaching or departing the Airport, or to impair visibility in the vicinity of the Airport, or (iv) to otherwise endanger the approaching, landing upon, taking off from, maneuvering about or operating of aircraft on, above and about the Airport; provided, however, that, notwithstanding any contrary provision contained above, Lessee shall be permitted to construct and maintain such improvements and to utilize all lighting, exterior finishes, landscaping and building materials as shall have been submitted to and approved in writing by Lessor.

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Additional Lessor Rights. Lessor and/or its authorized agents shall have the immediate and continuing right, as part of the rights herein granted, to enter upon the Premises at any time and to remove therefrom, or in the alternative and at the sole option of Lessor, to mark and light as obstructions to air navigation, any bush, shrub, tree, pole, fence, building, structure or other obstruction of any kind or nature whatsoever which extends into the airspace above the Premises to an elevation exceeding that prescribed in Part 77, or otherwise may interfere with the landing and taking off of aircraft from the Airport. Lessor and/or its authorized agents shall have the right of ingress to, egress from and passage over the Premises for the purpose of effecting and maintaining such clearance and of removing or of marking and lighting any and all such elevations or otherwise causing the abatement of the interference, at Lessee’s expense. After Lessor and/or its authorized agents have entered upon the Premises and cleared it within the meaning of this Section, Lessor and/or its authorized agents shall thereafter have the immediate and continuing right to enter upon the Premises and the continued, continual and continuing right to remove or mark and light any bush, shrub, tree, pole, fence, building, structure or obstruction of any kind or nature whatsoever extending up into the air space and above the Premises to an elevation exceeding that prescribed in the Part 77 or that otherwise may interfere with the taking off or landing of aircraft at the Airport, at Lessee’s expense.

ARTICLE 22 – FEDERAL REGULATIONS AND AIRPORT OPERATIONS

Airport and Landing Area Development. Lessor reserves the right to further develop the Airport as it sees fit, regardless of the desires or opinions of Lessee, and without interference or hindrance by Lessee. This includes the right to terminate this Lease, in whole or in part, upon one year prior written notice to Lessee, if Lessor determines, in Lessor’s sole discretion, that termination is necessary for airport development. In the event Lessor terminates this Lease pursuant to this Article 22.A, and provided that Lessee has no uncured Event of Default at the time of Lessor’s notice under this Section, within one hundred twenty (120) days of the effective date of termination, Lessor shall pay to Lessee, directly and/or by credits to Base Rent, an amount equal to the fair market value of the Improvements and the leasehold interest in the Premises, as determined by a Qualified Independent Appraisal according to the same process for determining Fair Market Rent (including the appeal process) set forth in Article 2.B.

Airfield Maintenance. Lessor reserves the right (but shall not be obligated to Lessee) to maintain and keep in repair the airfield of the Airport and all publicly owned facilities of the Airport, together with the right to direct and control all activities of Lessee in this regard.

Aircraft Service. Lessee acknowledges and agrees that no right or privilege has been granted hereunder which would operate to prevent any person operating aircraft on the Airport from performing any services on its own aircraft with its own regular employees (including but not limited to, maintenance and repair) that it may choose to perform.

No Exclusivity. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to grant Lessee any exclusive right or privilege within the meaning of Article 308 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended, in the conduct of any activity at the Airport, except that, subject to the terms and provisions hereof, Lessee shall have the rights with respect to the Premises under the provisions of this Lease.

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Airport Security. At Lessee’s sole cost and expense, Lessee will comply with all security regulations established or amended by but not limited to, the Lessor, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection, Transportation Security Administration (“TSA”), and the FAA, and to take such steps as may be necessary or directed by Lessor, including the installation of mandatory access control if accessing the Air Operations Area, to ensure that its tenants, employees, invitees, and guests observe these requirements. Lessee, at its sole cost and expense, shall ensure that any of its employees requiring access to the restricted area obtain a Lessor-issued identification badge and vehicle operator’s permit (if required). If Lessor incurs any fines and/or penalties imposed by the FAA and/or the TSA, or any expense in enforcing 14 CFR Part 1542, as may be amended from time to time, and/or the Airport Security Program, as a result of Lessee’s acts or omissions, Lessee will pay and/or reimburse all such costs and expense. Lessee further agrees to rectify any security deficiency as may be determined as such by Lessor, the FAA and/or the TSA. Lessor reserves the right to take whatever action necessary to rectify any security deficiency as may be determined as such by Lessor, the FAA and/or the TSA, in the event Lessee fails to remedy the security deficiency.

Subordination. This Lease shall be subordinate to the provisions and requirements of any existing or future agreement between Lessor and the United States relative to the development, operation, or maintenance of the Airport, including those the execution of which has been or may be required as a condition precedent to the expenditure of Federal funds for the development of the Airport.

Federal Government’s Emergency Clause. This Lease is subordinate to the rights of the United States of America to operate or close the Airport or any portion thereof during time or war or declared national emergency in accordance with established lawful procedures. Such rights shall supersede any provision of this Lease that is inconsistent with the operation of the Airport by the United States Government during time of war or national emergency.

OFAC. As an inducement for Lessor to enter into this Lease, Lessee hereby represents and warrants that (i) Lessee is not, nor is it owned or controlled directly or indirectly by, any person, group, entity, or nation named on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of Treasury (“OFAC”) (any such person, group, entity or nation being hereinafter referred to as a “Prohibited Person”); and (ii) Lessee is not (nor is it owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any person, group, entity or nation which is) acting directly or indirectly for or on behalf of any Prohibited Person; and (iii) Lessee (and any person, group, or entity which Lessee controls, directly or indirectly) has not conducted nor will conduct business, nor has engaged nor will engage in any transaction or dealing with any Prohibited Person that either may cause or causes Lessor to be in violation of any OFAC rule or regulation including, without limitation, any assignment of this Lease or any subletting all or any portion of the Premises. In connection with the foregoing, it is expressly understood and agreed that (x) any breach by Lessee of the foregoing representations and warranties shall be deemed a default under Article 19 of this Lease and shall be covered by the indemnity provisions of this Lease; (y) Lessee shall be responsible for ensuring that all assignees of this Lease and all tenants or occupants of the Premises comply with the foregoing representations and warranties, and (z) the representations and warranties contained in this Section shall be continuing in nature and shall survive the expiration and earlier termination of this Lease.

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Rights Reserved to Lessor. Rights not specifically granted to Lessee by this Lease are expressly and independently reserved to Lessor. In addition to Lessor’s rights under Article 21, Lessor expressly reserves the right to prevent any use of the Premises which would interfere with or adversely affect the operation or maintenance of the Airport, or otherwise constitute a hazard.

ARTICLE 23 –NONDISCRIMINATION

Non-discrimination.

(1)

Lessee, for itself, its personal representatives, successors in interest, and assigns, as part of the consideration hereof, does hereby covenant and agree as a covenant running with the land that in the event facilities are constructed, maintained, or otherwise operated on the Premises for a purpose for which a FAA activity, facility or program is extended or for another purpose involving the provision of similar services or benefits, Lessee will maintain and operate such facilities and services in compliance with all requirements imposed by the Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities, as defined in Subsection (3) of this Section A, such that no person on the grounds of race, color, or national origin will be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or be otherwise subject to discrimination in the use of said facilities.

(2)

Lessee, for itself, its personal representatives, successors in interest, and assigns, as part of the consideration hereof, does hereby covenant and agree that (1) no person on the grounds of race, color, or national origin shall be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or be otherwise subjected to discrimination in the use of said facilities, (2) that in the construction of any improvements on, over or under such land and the furnishing of services thereon, no person on the grounds of race, color, or national origin shall be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or be otherwise subjected to discrimination, (3) that Lessee shall use the Premises in compliance with all other requirements imposed by or pursuant to Nondiscrimination Act and Authorities.

(3)

During the Term, Lessee, for itself, its assignees and successors in interest (referred to in this Subsection (3) collectively as “Lessee”) agrees as follows:

Compliance with Regulations. Lessee will comply with the FAA’s Title VI List of Pertinent Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities (“Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities”), as they may be amended from time to time, which are attached to this Lease as Exhibit E and incorporated herein by reference;

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Nondiscrimination. Lessee, with regard to the work performed by it under the Lease, will not discriminate on the grounds of race, color, or national origin in the selection and retention of contractors, including procurements or materials and leases of equipment. Lessee will not participate directly or indirectly in the discrimination prohibited by the Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities, including employment practices when the contract covers any activity, project, or program set forth in Appendix B of 49 CFR part 21;

Solicitation for Subcontracts, including Procurement of Materials and Equipment. In all solicitation either by competitive bidding or negotiation made by the Lessee for work to be performed hereunder, including procurements of materials or leases of equipment, Lessee shall notify each potential contractor or supplier of Lessee’s obligations under this Lease and the Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities on the grounds of race, color, or national origin.

Information and Reports. Lessee shall provide all information and reports required by the Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities and directives issued pursuant thereto, and shall permit access to its books, records, accounts, other sources of information and its facilities as may be determined by Lessor or the FAA to be pertinent to ascertain compliance with such Nondiscrimination Act and Authorities and instructions. Where any information required of the Lessee is in the exclusive possession of another who fails or refuses to furnish the information, Lessee shall so certify to Lessor or the FAA, as appropriate, and shall set forth what efforts it has made to obtain the information.

Sanctions for Noncompliance. In the event of Lessee’s noncompliance with the nondiscrimination provisions contained herein, Lessor may impose such contract sanctions as it or the FAA may determine to be appropriate, including but not limited to cancelling, terminating or suspending the Lease, in whole or in part.

Incorporation of Provisions. Lessee shall include the provisions of Paragraphs a through f in every contract entered into under this Lease, including procurements of materials and leases of equipment, unless exempt by the Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities and Regulations and directives issued pursuant thereto. Lessee will take action with expect to any contact or procurement as Lessor or the FAA may direct as a means of enforcing such provisions including sanctions for noncompliance. Provided that if Lessee becomes involved in, or is threatened with litigation by a contractor or supplier because of such direction, Lessee may request Lessor to enter into any litigation to protect Lessor’s interests. In addition, Lessee may request the United States enter into the litigation to protect the interests of the United States.

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(4)

In the event of a breach of any of the provisions in this Section A, Lessor may terminate the Lease and enter, re-enter, and re-possess the Premises and facilities thereon, and hold the same as if this Lease had never been made or issued.

General Civil Rights Provisions. Lessee agrees to comply with pertinent statutes, Executive Orders, and such rules as identified in the Nondiscrimination Acts and Authorities to ensure that no person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin (including limited English proficiency), creed, sex (including sexual orientation and gender identity), age, or disability be excluded from participating in any activity conducted with or benefiting from Federal assistance. This provision is in addition to that required by Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. If Lessee transfers its obligation to another, the transferee is obligated in the same manner as Lessee.

Noncompliance with Article 23. In the event of a breach of any of the provisions of this Article 23, Lessor may terminate this Lease immediately, reenter and repossess the Premises and facilities thereon as if this Lease had never been made.

ARTICLE 24 -- QUIET ENJOYMENT

Lessor warrants to Lessee that Lessor has full power to enter into this Lease, and that Lessee shall have and enjoy full, quiet and peaceful possession of the Premises during the Term, subject to the provisions of this Lease.

ARTICLE 25 – COVENANT AGAINST CONTINGENT FEES

Lessee warrants that no person or agency has been employed or retained to solicit or obtain this Lease upon an agreement or understanding for a contingent fee, except a bona fide employee or agency. For breach or violation of this warranty, Lessor shall have the right to terminate this Lease without liability or, in its discretion, to deduct from the Lease price or consideration, or otherwise recover, the full amount of the contingent fee.

B.	The terms used in this Article shall have the following meanings:

(1)

“Bona fide agency,” as used in this clause, means an established commercial or selling agency, maintained by Lessee for the purpose of securing business, which neither exerts nor proposes to exert improper influence to solicit or obtain leases nor holds itself out as being able to obtain any lease(s) through improper influence.

(2)

“Bona fide employee,” as used in this Article, means a person, employed by the Lessee and subject to the Lessee’s supervision and control as to time, place, and manner of performance, who neither exerts nor proposed to exert improper influence to solicit or obtain leases from Lessor nor holds itself out as being able to obtain any lease(s) through improper influence.

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(3)

“Contingent fee,” as used in this Article, means any commission, percentage, brokerage, or other fee that is contingent upon the success that a person has in securing a lease from Lessor.

(4)

“Improper influence,” as used in this Article, means any influence that induces or tends to induce Lessor’s employees or officers to give consideration or to act regarding the Lease on any basis other than the merits of the matter.

ARTICLE 26 - WAIVER OF COVENANTS, ETC.

No waiver of any condition or covenant of this Lease shall be deemed to imply or constitute a further waiver of the same or any other like condition or covenant, and nothing herein contained shall be construed to be a waiver on the part of a party of any right or remedy in law or otherwise, and all of a party’s remedies herein provided for shall be deemed to be cumulative.

ARTICLE 27 - ESTOPPEL CERTIFICATES

At any time and from time to time, either party, on or before the date specified in a request therefor made by the other party, which date shall not be earlier than ten (10) days from the making of such request, shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the other a certificate stating (i) whether this Lease in is full force and effect; (ii) whether this Lease has been amended in any way and, if so, including any such amendments; (iii) whether, to the knowledge of such party, there are any existing Events of Default hereunder and specifying the nature thereof; (iv) the then-current Rent and the date to which Rent has been paid; and (v) such other facts with respect to this Lease or the Premises as Lessor or Lessee may reasonably request. Each certificate delivered pursuant to this Article may be relied on by any prospective purchaser, mortgagee or transferee of the Premises or of Lessor’s or Lessee’s interest hereunder.

ARTICLE 28 – ENTRY FOR INSPECTION

Lessor, its authorized representatives and agents, shall have the right to view the Premises at any reasonable time during normal business hours upon reasonable notice to Lessee the purpose of conducting health, safety, security, environmental or similar compliance-related inspections of such Premises. For any other purposes, Lessor, its authorized representatives and agents, shall have the right to view the Premises at any reasonable time during normal business hours and upon at least forty-eight (48) hours advance notice to Lessee. In accessing the Premises under this Article 28, Lessor will exercise reasonable efforts not to interfere with Lessee’s use of the Premises. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Lessor shall have the right to access and inspect the Premises at any time in circumstances deemed by Lessor to be of an emergency nature.

ARTICLE 29 – RECORD RETENTION AND RIGHT TO AUDIT

Lessor shall have the right to perform, or to have performed, audits of Lessee’s books and records, upon reasonable prior notice, for the purpose of determining compliance with this Lease. Lessee shall keep its books and records available only as they pertain to Lessee’s operations under this Lease for at least three years after the termination or earlier expiration of this Lease. This provision does not affect the applicable statute of limitations.

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ARTICLE 30 - BINDING EFFECT

This Lease and the covenants and agreements of the Parties hereunder shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of Lessor and its successors and assigns and Lessee and its successors and permitted assigns.

ARTICLE 31 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

The headings used in this Lease are inserted for convenience and are not to be considered in the construction of the provisions of this Lease. All exhibits referred to are attached and made a part of this Lease. This Lease and the exhibits constitute the entire agreement of the Parties with respect to the Premises and all prior understandings and agreements relating to the subject matter hereof are hereby superseded. This Lease and all the terms and conditions hereof shall be binding on and inure to the benefit of Lessee and its successors and assigns. This Lease may not be amended or modified except by agreement in writing signed by both Parties. The meanings of defined terms are equally applicable to the singular and plural forms of the defined terms, and personal pronouns may be read as masculine, feminine and neuter. References to statutes, regulations or ordinances are to be construed as including all provisions consolidating, amending or replacing the referenced statute, regulation or ordinance, and references to agreements and other contracts shall be deemed to include all subsequent amendments to or changes in such agreements or instruments entered into in accordance with their respective terms. Use of the term “include” or “including” means to include or including without limitation.

ARTICLE 32 - PARTIAL INVALIDITY

In the event any clause, term or condition of this Lease shall be declared null and void, this Lease shall remain in full force and effect as to all other terms, conditions and provisions.

ARTICLE 33 - GOVERNING LAW

This Lease shall be governed, construed, and enforced in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

ARTICLE 34 -TIME OF ESSENCE

Time is of the essence to this Lease and the obligations and requirements set forth herein.

ARTICLE 35 - RELATIONSHIP OF PARTIES

It is understood and agreed that the relationship of the Parties is strictly that of lessor and lessee and that Lessor has no ownership in Lessee’s enterprise and that this Lease shall not be construed as a joint venture or partnership. Lessee is not and shall not be deemed to be an agent or representative of Lessor.

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ARTICLE 36 – RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

Lessor and Lessee agree that they do not have and will not have any claims or causes of action against any disclosed or undisclosed director, officer, employee, trustee, shareholder, member, manager, partner, principal, parent, subsidiary or other affiliate of the other, or any officer, director, trustee, shareholder, member, manager, partner, principal, parent or affiliate of any such affiliate of the other party arising out of or in connection with this Lease or the transactions contemplated hereby. Lessee agrees to look solely to the Lessor and its Aviation Enterprise assets, which Aviation Enterprise assets refers to all Lessor’s aviation-related assets as more fully described in Lessor’s Comprehensive Annual Financial Report and further agrees that it will not sue or otherwise seek to enforce any personal obligation against Lessor or its directors, officers, employees, members, managers, partners or other affiliates (including any officer, director, trustee, shareholder, principal, parent, subsidiary or other affiliate thereof) or the Dulles Corridor Enterprise, which refers to Lessor’s assets within the Dulles Corridor, as more fully described in Lessor’s Comprehensive Annual Financial Report. Lessor agrees to look solely to Lessee and its guarantors, and Lessee’s assets, for the satisfaction of any liability or obligation arising out of this Lease or the transactions contemplated hereby, or for the performance of any of the covenants, warranties or other agreements contained herein. Without limiting this generality of this Article 36, the Parties each unconditionally and irrevocably waive any and all claims and causes of action of any nature whatsoever each may not or hereafter accrue against the other’s disclosed or undisclosed director, officer, employee, trustee, shareholder, member, manager, partner, principal, parent, subsidiary or other affiliate of the other, or any officer, director, trustee, shareholder, member, manager, partner, principal, parent or affiliate of any such affiliate of the other party in connection with or arising out of this Lease or the transactions contemplated hereby. The provisions of this Article 35 shall survive the termination of this Lease.

ARTICLE 37 – SIGNAGE

Lessee may not, without Lessor’s prior written consent which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, (i) install upon the Premises or any Improvements any exterior lighting, decorations, painting, awnings, canopies or the like or (ii) erect or install upon the Premises or any Improvements any signs, window or door lettering, placards, decorations or advertising of any type which can be viewed from the exterior of the Improvements. Any signs installed by Lessee upon Lessor’s written consent must be maintained by Lessee at its sole cost and expense in good condition, in proper operating order, and in compliance with all applicable laws.

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ARTICLE 38 - FORCE MAJEURE

Any prevention, delay or stoppage attributable to strikes, lockouts, terrorism, labor disputes, civil commotion, fire other casualty not caused directly or indirectly by a Party, acts of God, acts of the public enemy, war, riots, rebellion, or sabotage will excuse the performance of that Party for a period equal to the duration of the prevention, delay or stoppage. To the extent that there are delays beyond the control of Lessee, and Lessee provides documentation to the Lessor of such delays, and the Lessor agrees that the delays are beyond the Lessee’s control, the dates for rent commencement set forth in Article 4 shall be extended by the duration of the delay. Except as expressly set forth herein, these provisions will not apply to the obligations imposed with regard to Rent and other charges Lessee must pay in accordance with the terms of this Lease.

ARTICLE 39 - EASEMENTS

Lessor shall reasonably cooperate with Lessee in obtaining all necessary easements, rights or ways, utility feeds and conduit connections, permits and governmental and quasi-governmental approvals or consents reasonably necessary to develop the Improvements; provided, however, that this Article shall not create any express or implied obligation on the part of Lessor to consent to or approve any easements, rights or ways, utility feeds or conduit connections that interfere with or impair Lessor’s ownership, operation or development of the Airport or contravene any applicable laws applicable to the Airport, all as determined by Lessor in Lessor’s sole discretion.

ARTICLE 40 - RECORDING

The Parties shall execute a short form Memorandum of Ground Lease substantially in the form of Exhibit F to be recorded in the County of Loudoun, Virginia affirming this Lease and its Effective Date.

[Signatures on following page.]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have executed this Lease as of the day and date first written above.

METROPOLITAN WASHINGTON AIRPORTS AUTHORITY:

By:

John E. Potter

President & Chief Executive Officer

IAD HANGARS LLC:

By:

Tal Keinan, Chief Executive Officer

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EXHIBIT A

PREMISES DEPICTION

EXHIBIT A-1

METES AND BOUNDS SURVEY OF PREMISES

[To be added by the Parties in accordance with Section A(1).]

EXHIBIT B

SPILL NOTIFICATION CHECKLIST

Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority

Washington Dulles International Airport

Spill Notification Report

In the event of a spill, verbal notification to the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority shall be made immediately as follows:

Fire Department: 911 or 703-572-2400 (non-emergency)

Airport Operations: (703) 572-2730

This Notification Report and written copies of all notification to the regulatory agencies shall be submitted to Environmental & Sustainability Department personnel within twelve (12) hours of the incident:

A report describing how the incident occurred, if it entered storm or sanitary drain, emergency response measures taken, post-emergency cleanup actions, the storage and disposition of any materials recovered from the cleanup actions, and follow-up activities shall be submitted to Environmental & Sustainability Department personnel within forty-eight (48) hours of the emergency.

Name of Spiller:

Time and Date of Spill:

Type of Material Spilled:

(include common and chemical name; attach SDS and/or Waste Manifest)

Amount of Spilled Material:

Location of Spill:

Location of impacted drain(s) (if applicable):

Type of drain(s) impacted:

Estimated quantity that entered drain(s):

Equipment and/or persons involved:

Type of Equipment:

Identification Number:

AOA Badge ID Number:

Description of source of discharge and cause of discharge:

Provide details of immediate actions taken to stop spill and subsequent clean-up actions:

Describe actions taken to prevent reoccurrence:

10.

Name of reporting individual and telephone number:

Any questions regarding the use, completion, and scope of this checklist should be directed to Environmental & Sustainability Department personnel.

FOR ENVIRONMENTAL & SUSTAINABILITY DEPARTMENT PERSONNEL USE ONLY

Comments and follow-up actions required with respect to this incident (attach more pages as needed):

EXHIBIT C

FORM STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT FACILITY MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is made this _____ day of _______________ 20_____, by and between IAD Hangars, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Project Owner”), as grantor for indexing purposes, and the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, a public body corporate and politic created by interstate compact between the Commonwealth of Virginia and the District of Columbia with the consent of the United States Congress (“MWAA”), as grantee for indexing purposes.

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Deed of Ground Lease dated ________________, 202_, between Project Owner and MWAA, Project Owner subleases from MWAA a portion of real property located in in Loudoun County, Virginia, as more particularly identified on the attached Exhibit A (“Property”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Deed of Lease by and between the United States of America, acting by and through the Secretary of Transportation and MWAA, MWAA leases and controls the Property;

WHEREAS, MWAA currently maintains approval rights over the Plan (as defined below) due to its designation as the annual standards and specifications holder;

WHEREAS, the Property is being developed into a project known and designated as (the “Project”), as shown and described on the stormwater management plan for the Property dated , (the “Plan”), a copy of which is retained by MWAA and incorporated herein by reference;

WHEREAS, the Plan includes one or more permanent stormwater management facilities (“Facility”) to control post-development stormwater runoff from the Property; and

WHEREAS, to comply with § 62.1-44.15:28 of the Code of Virginia and the attendant regulations pertaining to this Project, the Project Owner agrees to maintain the Facility in accordance with the Maintenance Plan (the “Maintenance Plan”), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit B.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual covenants contained herein, the receipt and sufficiency of which are acknowledged hereby, and in accordance with the following terms and conditions, the parties agree as follows:

1. MWAA and its agents, inclusive of appropriate representatives from the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (“DEQ Personnel”), may enter the Property solely to perform periodic inspections to ensure the proper maintenance and functioning of the Facility. These inspections will be conducted at reasonable times with prior notice to the Project Owner. If MWAA finds that repairs must be undertaken to return the Facility to the original design, as shown and described in the Plan, the Project Owner shall complete any such repairs within thirty (30) calendar days of the inspection or a longer period as approved by MWAA.

2. The Project Owner, at the Project Owner’s sole expense, shall construct the Facility in accordance with the Plan, and shall provide MWAA a construction record drawing for the Facility prior to termination of coverage under the General VPDES Permit for Discharges of Stormwater from Construction Activities, also known as the “Construction General Permit”.

3. The Project Owner, at the Project Owner’s sole expense, shall maintain and repair the Facility in perpetuity and in a manner which will enable the Facility to remain in compliance with the Virginia Stormwater Management Program Regulations and the Facility’s original standards, as shown and described in the Plan and Maintenance Plan. The Project Owner shall keep written maintenance and repair records and provide copies to MWAA upon request.

4. The Project Owner, at the Project Owner’s sole expense, shall inspect the Facility according to the schedule set forth in the Maintenance Plan. These inspections shall be conducted by a person who is licensed as a professional engineer, architect, landscape architect, or land surveyor pursuant to Article 1 (§ 54.1-400 et seq.) of Chapter 4 of Title 54.1 of the Code of Virginia; a person who works under the direction and oversight of a licensed professional engineer, architect, landscape architect, or land surveyor; or a person who holds an appropriate certificate of competence from the State Water Control Board. If the inspector finds during an inspection that repairs must be undertaken to return the Facility to the original design as shown and described on the Plan, the Project Owner shall complete any such repairs within thirty (30) calendar days of the inspection or a longer period as approved by MWAA. The Project Owner shall keep written inspection records and provide copies to MWAA upon request.

5. The Project Owner shall provide a right of ingress and egress for MWAA and its agents, including DEQ Personnel, to perform the periodic inspections referenced above and to undertake or have undertaken maintenance and repair of the Facility, if such maintenance is deemed necessary by MWAA and not adequately completed by the Project Owner. It is expressly understood and agreed that MWAA is under no obligation to maintain or repair the Facility. The Project Owner shall reimburse MWAA for all maintenance and repair costs incurred by MWAA for maintenance or repair of the Facility within thirty (30) calendar days after receiving a demand for reimbursement. The Project Owner acknowledges that MWAA may take any other enforcement actions as may be available at law.

6. The Project Owner shall save, hold harmless, and indemnify MWAA and its agents against all liability, claims, demands, costs and expenses arising from, or out of, the Project Owner’s failure to comply with the terms and conditions set forth herein, or arising from acts of the Project Owner related to the construction, operation, maintenance or repair of the Facility.

7. This Agreement shall constitute a covenant running with the land and shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the parties hereto, their respective heirs, successors and assigns, including, without limitation, any subsequent VSMP Authority for the Property and all current or subsequent owners of the Property, as well as any entity responsible for maintenance of the Facility. The Project Owner shall notify MWAA in writing within thirty (30) days of conveying any responsibility for Project Owner’s maintenance of the Facility.

8. If required by MWAA, this Agreement shall be recorded in the Clerk’s Office of the Circuit Court of Loudoun County, Virginia, at the Project Owner’s sole expense. The Project Owner also stipulates, by this Agreement, that final plats for any land on which the Facility and/or a portion of the Facility is situated will include a reference to this Agreement.

9. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and taken together shall constitute one and the same document. Signature and acknowledgment pages, if any, may be detached from the counterparts and attached to a single copy of this document to physically form one document.

10. This Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect upon decommissioning of the Project in accordance with applicable requirements, at which point the Property shall be consistent with pre-development conditions or alternate as approved by MWAA.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Project Owner and MWAA have caused this Agreement to be signed in their names by their duly authorized representatives as of the date first set forth above.

[Signatures appear on the following pages.]

EXHIBIT D

COVERED TRANSACTION CERTIFICATION

Directions: Please respond to the questions below. Check all boxes that apply and provide explanations as requested. By signing this form, [Insert name] (“Lessee”) certifies that the facts set forth below are true and complete to the best of its knowledge and that Lessee understands it is responsible, under Article 13 of the Lease, for any costs, claims, or fees arising from inaccurate statements on this certification.

Lessee is a foreign national, meaning “any individual other than a U.S. national.”	☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, please explain, and identify the foreign nationality:
Lessee is a foreign government. Foreign government means any government or body exercising governmental functions, other than the U.S. Government or a subnational government of the United States. The term includes, but is not limited to, national and subnational governments, including their respective departments, agencies, and instrumentalities.	☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, please explain, and identify the foreign government:
Lessee is a foreign entity. The term foreign entity means any branch, partnership, group or sub-group, association, estate, trust, corporation or division of a corporation, or organization organized under the laws of a foreign state if either its principal place of business is outside the United States or its equity securities are primarily traded on one or more foreign exchanges. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any branch, partnership, group or sub-group, association, estate, trust, corporation or division of a corporation, or organization that can demonstrate that a majority of the equity interest in such entity is ultimately owned by U.S. nationals is not a foreign entity.	☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, please explain, and identify the foreign place of organization or business:
A foreign national, foreign government, or foreign entity exercises control or has the right to exercise control over Lessee. Control means the power, direct or indirect, whether or not exercised, through the ownership of a majority or a dominant minority of the total outstanding voting interest in an entity, board representation, proxy voting, a special share, contractual arrangements, formal or informal arrangements to act in concert, or other means, to determine, direct, or decide important matters affecting an entity.	☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, please explain, and describe the source of control:
A foreign national, foreign entity, or foreign government has a 5% or more ownership interest in Lessee.	☐ Yes ☐ No If yes, please explain, and identify any and all foreign ownership:
Lessee is a U.S. entity.	☐ Yes ☐ No
Lessee is a U.S. national. U.S. national means an individual who is a U.S. citizen or an individual who, although not a U.S. citizen, owes permanent allegiance to the United States.	☐ Yes ☐ No

By:			Name (printed):
Date:			Title:

EXHIBIT E

TITLE VI CLAUSES OF COMPLIANCE WITH NONDISCRIMINATION REQUIREMENTS: LIST OF NONDISCRIMINATION ACTS AND AUTHORITIES

During the Term, Lessee, for itself, its assignees and successors in interests (referred to in this Exhibit E as “Lessee”) agrees to comply with the following nondiscrimination statutes and authorities, including but not limited to:

●

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended (42 U.S.C. § 2000d et seq.) (prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin) and 49 CFR part 21;

●

The Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, as amended (42 U.S.C. § 4601 et seq.) (prohibits unfair treatment of persons displaced or whose property has been acquired because of Federal or Federal-aid programs and projects);

●

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (42 U.S.C. § 6101 et seq.) (prohibits discrimination on the basis of age);

●

49 U.S.C. § 47123 (prohibits discrimination based on race, creed, color, national origin, or sex by recipients of airport improvements grants from the U.S. Department of Transportation and/or Federal Aviation Administration);

●

The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, (Pub. L. 100-259) (broadened the scope, coverage and applicability of Title VI of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964, the Age Discrimination Act of 1965 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, by expanding the definition of the terms “programs or activities” to include all of the programs or activities or the Federal-aid recipients, sub-recipients and contractors, whether such programs or activities are Federally funded or not);

●

Titles II and II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. §§ 12131 – 12189) (prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability in the operation of public entities, public and private transportation systems, places of public accommodation, and certain testing entities) as implemented by Department of Transportation regulations at 49 CFR parts 37 and 38;

●

Executive Order 12898, Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations (ensures non-discrimination against minority populations by discouraging programs, policies, and activities with disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on minority and low-income populations);

●

Executive Order 13166, Improving Access to Services for People with Limited English Proficiency, and resulting agency guidance. To ensure compliance with Title VI, Lessee must take reasonable steps to ensure that LEP persons have meaningful access to the Lessee’s programs, activities or services (70 Fed. Reg. 74087);

●

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, as amended (20 U.S.C. § 1681 et seq.) (prohibits Lessee from discriminated because of sex in education programs or activities).

EXHIBIT F

FORM MEMORANDUM OF LEASE

MEMORANDUM OF LEASE

This Memorandum of Lease is dated as of ______ , 20_, and executed by and between the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, a public body corporate and politic created by an interstate compact between the Commonwealth of Virginia and the District of Columbia, with the consent of the U.S. Congress ("Lessor") and IAD Hangars LLC, a Delaware limited liability company authorized to do business in the state of Virginia ("Lessee").

WITNESSETH THAT:

In consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants and agreements set forth in that certain Deed of Ground Lease dated and made Effective as of ____________________ (the “Ground Lease”), by and between Lessor and Lessee, Lessor has leased to Lessee, and Lessee has leased from Lessor, a certain parcels of land located at and within Washington Dulles International Airport, hereinafter referred to as “the Airport” that is more particularly described in Exhibit A attached hereto and made part hereof, for a term beginning on the Lease Commencement Date (as defined in the Ground Lease) and terminating on March 31, 2074 with a Renewal Option which exercised by Lessee would extend the term until March 31, 2084, subject to all of the terms, provisions and conditions of the Ground Lease.

This Memorandum of Lease is solely for recording and notice purposes and shall not be construed to alter, modify, expand, diminish or supplement the provisions of the Ground Lease. In the event of any inconsistency between the provisions of this Memorandum of Lease and the provisions of the Ground Lease, the provisions of the Ground Lease shall govern. Reference should be made to the Ground Lease for the full description of the rights and duties of Lessor and Lessee, and this Memorandum of Lease shall in no way affect the terms and conditions of the Ground Lease or the interpretation of the rights and duties of Lessor and Lessee hereunder.

Upon the expiration or earlier termination of the above-described Ground Lease, Lessor and Lessee agree that they shall execute and record a termination of this Memorandum of Lease.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Lessor and Lessee have caused this Memorandum of Lease to be executed this ____ day of _______________, ______.

LESSEE:			LESSOR :

IAD HANGARS LLC			METROPOLITAN WASHINGTON AIRPORTS AUTHORITY

By:			By:

Title:			Title:

Date:			Date:

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Tal Keinan, certify that:

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Sky Harbour Group Corporation;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 13, 2024

	/s/ Tal Keinan
	Tal Keinan, Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Francisco Gonzalez, certify that:

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Sky Harbour Group Corporation;

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 13, 2024

	/s/ Francisco Gonzalez
	Francisco Gonzalez, Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Sky Harbour Group Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10‑Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or about the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, in the capacities and on the date indicated below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to his knowledge:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: August 13, 2024	/s/ Tal Keinan
	Tal Keinan, Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: August 13, 2024	/s/ Francisco Gonzalez
	Francisco Gonzalez, Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

Document And Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
Document And Entity Information - shares	Jun. 30, 2024	Aug. 06, 2024
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Central Index Key	0001823587
Entity Registrant Name	Sky Harbour Group Corporation
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39648
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	85-2732947
Entity Address, Address Line One	136 Tower Road, Suite 205
Entity Address, City or Town	White Plains
Entity Address, State or Province	NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	10604
City Area Code	212
Local Phone Number	554-5990
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Common Class B [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		42,046,356
Common Class A [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	SKYH
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		24,978,700
Warrant [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share
Trading Symbol	SKYH WS
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets
Cash	$ 25,037	$ 60,257
Restricted cash	97,267	12,009
Investments	10,066	11,866
Restricted investments	16,743	88,213
Prepaid expenses and other assets	6,756	6,003
Right-of-use assets	124,633	70,527
Total assets	461,581	402,199
Liabilities and equity
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	26,015	16,740
Operating lease liabilities	125,466	69,437
Loans payable and finance lease liabilities	8,409	9,311
Bonds payable, net of debt issuance costs and premiums	162,522	162,420
Warrants liability	19,596	12,045
Total liabilities	342,008	269,953
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock; $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2024; none issued and outstanding	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	92,805	88,198
Accumulated deficit	(32,540)	(19,361)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	67	312
Total Sky Harbour Group Corporation stockholders’ equity	60,338	69,155
Non-controlling interests	59,235	63,091
Total equity	119,573	132,246
Total liabilities and equity	461,581	402,199
Common Class A [Member]
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock	2	2
Common Class B [Member]
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock	4	4
Construction in Progress [Member]
Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	91,996	64,212
Asset under Construction [Member]
Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	77,155	77,283
Equipment and Software [Member]
Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$ 11,928	$ 11,829

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common Class A [Member]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	24,878,700	24,165,523
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	24,878,700	24,165,523
Common Class B [Member]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	42,046,356	42,046,356
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	42,046,356	42,046,356

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Revenue:
Rental revenue	$ 3,618	$ 1,728	$ 6,022	$ 2,835
Total revenue	3,618	1,728	6,022	2,835
Expenses:
Operating	3,339	1,711	5,422	3,503
Depreciation	642	531	1,271	980
General and administrative	4,595	3,732	9,511	7,282
Total expenses	8,576	5,974	16,204	11,765
Operating loss	(4,958)	(4,246)	(10,182)	(8,930)
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense	187	82	381	82
Unrealized (gain) loss on warrants	(8,219)	(2,613)	7,969	1,597
Other income	(1,089)	(81)	(1,496)	(215)
Total other (income) expense	(9,121)	(2,612)	6,854	1,464
Net income (loss)	4,163	(1,634)	(17,036)	(10,394)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests	(1,598)	(2,412)	(3,858)	(4,978)
Net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders	$ 5,761	$ 778	$ (13,178)	$ (5,416)
Earnings (loss) per share
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.23	$ 0.05	$ (0.54)	$ (0.36)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.06	$ (0.03)	$ (0.54)	$ (0.36)
Weighted average shares
Basic (in shares)	24,734	15,167	24,504	15,076
Diluted (in shares)	69,534	57,213	24,504	15,076

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Net loss	$ 4,163	$ (1,634)	$ (17,036)	$ (10,394)
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities	67	93	462	317
Realized gains on available-for-sale securities reclassified to the consolidated statements of operations	(690)	(55)	(707)	(102)
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$ 3,540	$ (1,596)	$ (17,281)	$ (10,179)

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member] Common Class A [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Common Class B [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Parent [Member]	Noncontrolling Interest [Member]	Total
Balance	$ 1	$ 4	$ 29,560	$ (3,184)	$ (102)	$ 26,279	$ 72,096	$ 98,375
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	14,962,831	42,192,250
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 1	$ 4	29,560	(3,184)	(102)	26,279	72,096	98,375
Share-based compensation	0	0	393	0	0	393	85	478
Other comprehensive income	0	0	0	0	177	177	0	177
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	(6,196)	0	(6,196)	(2,565)	(8,761)
Exchange of Class B Common Stock (in shares)	145,894	(145,894)
Exchange of Class B Common Stock	$ 0	$ 0	184	0	0	184	(184)	0
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	15,108,725	42,046,356
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	14,962,831	42,192,250
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 1	$ 4	29,560	(3,184)	(102)	26,279	72,096	98,375
Net loss								(10,394)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023	15,233,211	42,046,356
Balance	$ 1	$ 4	30,137	(9,380)	75	20,837	69,432	90,269
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	15,108,725	42,046,356
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 1	$ 4	30,137	(9,380)	75	20,837	69,432	90,269
Share-based compensation	$ 0	$ 0	499	0	0	499	81	580
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)	124,261	0
Exercise of warrants (in shares)	225	0
Exercise of warrants	$ 0	$ 0	3	0	0	3	0	3
Other comprehensive income	0	0	0	0	38	38	0	38
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	778	0	778	(2,412)	(1,634)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023	15,233,211	42,046,356
Balance	$ 1	$ 4	30,639	(8,602)	113	22,155	67,101	89,256
Balance	$ 2	$ 4	88,198	(19,361)	312	69,155	63,091	132,246
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	24,165,523	42,046,356
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2	$ 4	88,198	(19,361)	312	69,155	63,091	132,246
Share-based compensation	$ 0	$ 0	987	0	0	987	45	1,032
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)	176,166	0
Shares withheld for payment of employee taxes (in shares)	(57,833)	0
Shares withheld for payment of employee taxes	$ 0	$ 0	(686)	0	0	(686)	0	(686)
Exercise of warrants (in shares)	253,703	0
Exercise of warrants	$ 0	$ 0	3,332	0	0	3,332	0	3,332
Payment of equity issuance costs	0	0	(43)	0	0	(43)	0	(43)
Other comprehensive income	0	0	0	0	378	378	0	378
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	(18,940)	0	(18,940)	(2,259)	(21,199)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	24,537,559	42,046,356
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	24,165,523	42,046,356
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2	$ 4	88,198	(19,361)	312	69,155	63,091	132,246
Net loss								(17,036)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	24,878,700	42,046,356
Balance	$ 2	$ 4	91,788	(38,301)	690	54,183	60,877	115,060
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	24,537,559	42,046,356
Balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 2	$ 4	91,788	(38,301)	690	54,183	60,877	115,060
Share-based compensation	$ 0	$ 0	1,030	0	0	1,030	45	1,075
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)	100,700	0
Shares withheld for payment of employee taxes (in shares)	(22,090)	0
Shares withheld for payment of employee taxes	$ 0	$ 0	(239)	0	0	(239)	0	(239)
Exercise of warrants (in shares)	3,639	0
Exercise of warrants	$ 0	$ 0	47	0	0	47	0	47
Other comprehensive income	0	0	0	0	(623)	(623)	0	(623)
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	5,761	0	5,761	(1,598)	4,163
Issuance of stock through ATM Facility (in shares)	7,407	0
Issuance of stock through ATM Facility	$ 0	$ 0	90	0	0	90	0	90
Exchange of Sky Incentive Units (in shares)	251,485	0
Exchange of Sky Incentive Units	$ 0	$ 0	89	0	0	89	(89)	0
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	24,878,700	42,046,356
Balance	$ 2	$ 4	$ 92,805	$ (32,540)	$ 67	$ 60,338	$ 59,235	$ 119,573

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (17,036)	$ (10,394)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,271	980
Straight-line rent adjustments, net	17	(114)
Equity-based compensation	2,108	1,058
Non-cash operating lease expense	1,940	906
Realized gain on available for sale investments	(127)	0
Unrealized (gain) loss on warrants	7,969	1,597
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(519)	(1,743)
Right-of-use asset initial direct costs	(17)	(26)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(1,078)	2,005
Net cash used in operating activities	(5,472)	(5,731)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of long-lived assets	(688)	(209)
Payments for cost of construction	(17,923)	(24,527)
Investment in notes receivable, net	0	(2,037)
Net cash provided by acquisition of business	0	1,793
Purchases of available for sale investments	(152,241)	(3,393)
Purchases of held-to-maturity investments	0	(52,998)
Proceeds from available for sale investments	153,923	11,483
Proceeds from held-to-maturity investments	71,464	53,457
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	54,535	(16,431)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of warrants	2,960	3
Proceeds from ATM Facility	90	0
Principal payments for loans payable and finance leases	(902)	(48)
Payments for equity issuance costs	(248)	0
Payments of employee taxes related to vested equity awards	(925)	0
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	975	(45)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash	50,038	(22,207)
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year	72,266	41,396
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$ 122,304	$ 19,189

Note 1 - Organization and Business Operations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]

1.	Organization and Business Operations

Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

2.	Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Certain historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Use of Estimates

Risks and Uncertainties

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Consolidation

Cost of Construction

Leases

Warrants liability

Revenue recognition

Income Taxes

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Segment Reporting (Topic 280)

Income Taxes (Topic 740)

Note 3 - Rapidbuilt Acquisition

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Business Combination Disclosure [Text Block]

3.	Rapidbuilt Acquisition

The following tables summarize the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the Rapidbuilt Acquisition:

	May 12, 2023
Cash	$	293
Restricted Cash		1,500
Long-lived assets		10,752
Total assets		12,545

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		1,427
Loans payable and finance lease liabilities		11,074
Total liabilities		12,501
Total fair value of net assets acquired		44

Effective settlement of net receivable from Rapidbuilt		44
Total consideration transferred	$	44

Note 4 - Investments and Restricted Investments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure [Text Block]

4.	Investments and Restricted Investments

The following tables set forth summaries of the amortized cost, unrealized gains, unrealized losses, and fair value by investment type as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	*June 30, 2024*
	*Amortized Cost*		*Gross Unrealized Gains*		*Gross Unrealized Losses*			*Estimated Fair Value*
Investments, available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	9,999	$	67	$	-		$	10,066
Total investments	$	9,999	$	67	$	-		$	10,066

Restricted investments, held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasuries		16,743		16		(643	)		16,116
Total restricted investments	$	16,743	$	16	$	(643	)	$	16,116

	*December 31, 2023*
	*Amortized Cost*		*Gross Unrealized Gains*		*Gross Unrealized Losses*			*Estimated Fair Value*
Investments, available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	11,554	$	312	$	-		$	11,866
Total investments	$	11,554	$	312	$	-		$	11,866

Restricted investments, held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasuries		88,213		105		(694	)		87,624
Total restricted investments	$	88,213	$	105	$	(694	)	$	87,624

The following table sets forth the maturity profile of the Company's investments and restricted investments as of June 30, 2024:

	Investments		Restricted Investments
Due within one year	$	10,066	$	5,280
Due one year through five years		-		11,463
Total	$	10,066	$	16,743

Note 5 - Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets [Text Block]

5.	Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets

The Company’s portfolio as of June 30, 2024 includes the following completed and in-development projects:

●

Addison Airport (“ADS”), Addison, TX (Dallas area);

●

Bradley International Airport (“BDL”), Windsor Locks, CT (Hartford area);

●

Centennial Airport (“APA”), Englewood, CO (Denver area);

●

Chicago Executive Airport (“PWK”), Wheeling, IL (Chicago area);

●

Hudson Valley Regional Airport (“POU”), Wappingers Falls, NY (New York area);

●

Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport (“OPF”), Opa Locka, FL (Miami area);

●

Nashville International Airport (“BNA”), Nashville, TN;

●

Orlando Executive Airport (“ORL”), Orlando, FL;

●

Phoenix Deer Valley Airport (“DVT”), Phoenix, AZ;

●

San José Mineta International Airport (“SJC”), San Jose, CA;

●

Sugar Land Regional Airport (“SGR”), Sugar Land, TX (Houston area); and

●

Washington Dulles International Airport (“IAD”), Dulles, VA (Washington, DC area).

Constructed assets, net, and cost of construction, consists of the following:

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Constructed assets, net of accumulated depreciation:
Buildings, BNA, OPF (Phase I), and SGR	$	81,002		$	80,232
Accumulated depreciation		(3,847	)		(2,949	)
	$	77,155		$	77,283
Cost of construction:
ADS (Phase I & II), APA (Phase I), DVT (Phase I), OPF (Phase II), and SJC (Renovation)	$	91,996		$	64,212

Note 6 - Long-lived Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]

6.	Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets, net, consists of the following:

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Ground support equipment	$	1,366		$	1,051
Machinery and equipment		3,819			3,783
Buildings		5,433			5,380
Land		1,620			1,620
Other equipment and fixtures		639			596
Purchase deposits and construction in progress		653			362
		13,530			12,792
Accumulated depreciation		(1,602	)		(963	)
	$	11,928		$	11,829

Note 7 - Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Information

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Disclosure [Text Block]

7.	Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Information

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, consists of the following:

	*June 30, 2024*		*December 31, 2023*
Costs of construction	$	16,483	$	7,022
Employee compensation and benefits		1,393		2,438
Interest		3,474		3,474
Professional fees		1,123		1,154
Tenant security deposits		960		614
Other		2,582		2,038
	$	26,015	$	16,740

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following table summarizes non-cash investing and financing activities:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Accrued costs of construction, including capitalized interest	$	17,815	$	9,197
Accrued costs of long-lived assets		50		21
Debt issuance costs and premium amortized to cost of construction		102		106

The following table summarizes non-cash activities associated with the Company’s operating leases:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	55,177	$	1,368
Net increase (decrease) in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities due to lease remeasurement	$	70	$	(206	)

The following table summarizes interest paid:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Interest paid	$	3,851	$	3,552

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the total shown within the consolidated statements of cash flows:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Cash, beginning of year	$	60,257	$	2,174
Restricted cash, beginning of year		12,009		39,222
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year	$	72,266	$	41,396

Cash, end of period	$	25,037	$	2,556
Restricted cash, end of period		97,267		16,633
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$	122,304	$	19,189

Note 8 - Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Lessee and Lessor, Operating Lease [Text Block]

8.	Leases

Lessee

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023
Operating expenses	$	2,320	$	964	$	3,595	$	1,903
General and administrative expenses		28		24		55		48
Total operating lease expense	$	2,348	$	988	$	3,650	$	1,951

Supplemental consolidated cash flow information related to the Company’s leases was as follows:

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30,*		*June 30,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	1,662	$	1,022
Operating cash flows from finance leases		1		-
Financing cash flows from finance leases		14		-

Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information related to the Company’s leases was as follows:

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years)	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Operating leases
Ground leases - Unimproved at commencement		55.0			55.8
Ground leases - Existing improvements		26.9			46.1
Equipment leases		4.0			4.0
Office leases		1.6			1.4
All operating leases		43.8			53.4
Finance leases		2.3			2.7

Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases
Ground leases - Unimproved at commencement		5.37	%		5.22	%
Ground leases - Existing improvements		4.92	%		4.00	%
Equipment leases		5.28	%		5.45	%
Office leases		4.82	%		2.46	%
All operating leases		5.28	%		5.08	%
Finance leases		4.99	%		5.00	%

The Company’s future minimum lease payments required under leases as of June 30, 2024 were as follows:

Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2024 (remainder of year)	$	2,525		$	13
2025		5,342			24
2026		6,545			17
2027		7,075			2
2028		7,268			-
Thereafter		394,641			-
Total lease payments		423,396			56
Less imputed interest		(297,930	)		(3	)
Total	$	125,466		$	53

Lessor

Tenant leases to which the Company is the lessor require the following non-cancelable future minimum lease payments from tenants as of June 30, 2024:

Year Ending December 31,	*Operating Leases*
2024 (remainder of year)	$	5,832
2025		10,429
2026		8,188
2027		5,446
2028		3,500
Thereafter		2,775
Total lease payments		36,170
Less rent concessions to be applied at Company’s discretion		(214	)
Total	$	35,956

Note 9 - Bonds Payable, Loans Payable, and Interest

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

9.	Bonds payable, loans payable, and interest

Bonds payable

The following table summarizes the Company’s Bonds payable as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Bonds payable:
Series 2021 Bonds Principal	$	166,340		$	166,340
Premium on bonds		249			249
Bond proceeds		166,589			166,589
Debt issuance costs		(4,753	)		(4,753	)
Accumulated amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of bond premium		686			584
Total Bonds payable, net	$	162,522		$	162,420

Loans Payable and Finance Leases

The following table summarizes the Company's loans payable and finance lease liabilities as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

		June 30, 2024					December 31, 2023
	Maturity Dates	Weighted-Average Interest Rates			Balance		Weighted-Average Interest Rates			Balance
Vista Loan	December 2025		8.61	%	$	7,996		8.53	%	$	8,768
Equipment loans	August 2026 - September 2028		8.02	%		359		8.09	%		475
Finance leases	September 2024 - July 2027		4.99	%		53		5.00	%		67
Total Loans payable and finance leases			8.56	%	$	8,408		8.47	%	$	9,310

Interest

The following table sets forth the details of interest expense:

	*Three months ended*				*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*		*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Interest		$ 1,922		$ 1,817		$ 3,851		$ 3,552
Accretion of bond premium and amortization of debt issuance costs		51		53		102		106
Total interest incurred		1,973		1,870		3,953		3,658
Less: capitalized interest		(1,786)		(1,788)		(3,572)		(3,576)
Interest expense		$ 187		$ 82		$ 381		$ 82

Note 10 - Warrants

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Warrants [Text Block]

10.

Warrants

Note 11 - Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Equity [Text Block]

11.

Equity

Common Equity

At-the-Market Facility

Non-controlling interests

Note 12 - Equity Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

12.

Equity Compensation

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

Non-qualified Stock Options (“NSOs”)

Sky Incentive Units

Note 13 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

13.

Earnings (loss) per Share

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023			June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	4,163		$	(1,634	)	$	(17,036	)	$	(10,394	)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		(1,598	)		(2,412	)		(3,858	)		(4,978	)
Basic net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders		5,761			778			(13,178	)		(5,416	)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to LLC Interests		(1,462	)		(2,412	)		-			-
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders	$	4,299		$	(1,634	)	$	(13,178	)	$	(5,416	)

Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding		24,734			15,167			24,504			15,076
Effect of dilutive exchange of Class B Common Stock		42,046			42,046			-			-
Effect of dilutive exchange of Sky Incentive Units		2,538			-			-			-
Effect of dilutive restricted stock		216			-			-			-
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		69,534			57,213			24,504			15,076

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Basic	$	0.23		$	0.05		$	(0.54	)	$	(0.36	)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Diluted	$	0.06		$	(0.03	)	$	(0.54	)	$	(0.36	)

Potentially dilutive shares excluded from the weighted-average shares used to calculate the diluted net earnings (loss) per common share were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023
Shares subject to unvested restricted stock units		813		1,005		1,030		1,005
Shares issuable upon the exercise of unvested stock options		439		-		439		-
Shares issuable upon the exercise of Warrants		15,803		14,519		15,803		14,519
Shares issuable upon the exchange of Class B Common Stock		-		-		42,046		42,046
Shares issuable upon the exercise and exchange of Sky Incentive Units		18		2,808		2,556		2,808

Note 14 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Note [Text Block]

14.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table summarizes the components of Accumulated other comprehensive income:

	Unrealized gain on Available-for-sale Securities			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	312		$	312
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		462			462
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense		(707	)		(707	)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	67		$	67

	Unrealized gain on Available-for-sale Securities			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(102	)	$	(102	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		317			317
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense		(102	)		(102	)
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	113		$	113

Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

15.

Commitments and Contingencies

The SJC Lease contains customary milestones by which the Company must complete additional construction.

Note 16 - Related Party Transactions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

16.

Related Party Transactions

Note 17 - Subsequent Events

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Subsequent Events [Text Block]

17.

Subsequent Events

SLC is owned and operated by the Salt Lake City Corporation and is located in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Insider Trading Arrangements

3 Months Ended

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Insider Trading Arr Line Items

Material Terms of Trading Arrangement [Text Block]

ITEM 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]

false

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]

false

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]

false

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]

false

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	6 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Jun. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]	*Basis of Presentation* The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes (the “Financial Statements”) have been prepared in conformity with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) requirements for quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and consequently exclude certain disclosures normally included in audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).These Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which includes additional disclosures and a summary of the Company's significant accounting policies. In the Company’s opinion, these Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary by management to fairly state the Company’s results of operation, financial position, and cash flows. Certain historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]	*Use of Estimates* The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Such estimates include assumptions used within impairment analyses, estimated useful lives of depreciable assets and amortizable costs, estimates of inputs utilized in determining the fair value of financial instruments such as warrants, estimates and assumptions related to right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, and estimates and assumptions used in the determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the business combination. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Risks and Uncertainties [Policy Text Block]	*Risks and Uncertainties* The Company’s operations have been limited to-date. For most of its history, the Company has been engaged in securing access to land through ground leases and developing and constructing aviation hangars. The major risks faced by the Company is its future ability to obtain additional tenants for the facilities that it constructs, and to contract with such tenants for rental income in an amount that is sufficient to meet the Company’s financial obligations, including increasing construction costs due to inflation and increased borrowing costs to the extent that the Company incurs additional indebtedness.
Liquidity and Capital Resources [Policy Text Block]	*Liquidity and Capital Resources* As a result of ongoing construction projects and business development activities, including the development of aircraft hangars and the leasing of available hangar space, the Company has incurred recurring losses and negative cash flows from operating activities since its inception. The Company expects to continue to invest in such activities and generate operating losses in the near future. The Company obtained long-term financing through bond and equity offerings to fund its construction, lease, and operational commitments, and believes its liquidity is sufficient to allow continued operations for more than one year after the date these financial statements are issued.
Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Basis of Consolidation SHG is deemed to have a controlling interest of Sky through its appointment as the Managing Member of Sky, in which SHG has control over the affairs and decision-making of Sky. The interests in Sky not owned by the Company are presented as non-controlling interests. Sky’s ownership percentage in each of its consolidated subsidiaries is 100%, unless otherwise disclosed.
Cost of Construction [Policy Text Block]	Cost of Construction Cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheets is carried at cost. The cost of acquiring an asset includes the costs necessary to bring a capital project to the condition necessary for its intended use. Costs are capitalized once the construction of a specific capital project is probable. Construction labor and other direct costs of construction are capitalized. Professional fees for engineering, procurement, consulting, and other soft costs that are directly identifiable with the project and are considered an incremental direct cost are capitalized. Activities associated with internally manufactured hangar buildings, including materials, direct manufacturing labor, and manufacturing overhead directly identifiable with such activities are allocated to our construction projects and capitalized. The Company allocates a portion of its internal salaries to both capitalized cost of construction and to general and administrative expense based on the percentage of time certain employees worked in the related areas. Interest, net of the amortization of debt issuance costs and premiums, and net of interest income earned on bond proceeds, is also capitalized until the capital project is completed. Once a capital project is complete, the Company begins to depreciate the constructed asset on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the life of the asset or the remaining term of the related ground lease, including expected renewal terms.
Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]	Leases The Company accounts for leases under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases. The Company determines whether a contract contains a lease at the inception of the contract. ASC Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize lease liabilities and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets for all operating leases with terms of more than 12 months on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has made an accounting policy election to not recognize leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and will result in recognizing those lease payments in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When management determines that it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise its options to renew the leases, the renewal terms are included in the lease term and the resulting ROU asset and lease liability balances. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components; the Company has elected the accounting policy to not separate lease and non-lease components for all underlying asset classes. The Company has not elected to capitalize any interest cost that is implicit within its operating leases into cost of construction on the consolidated balance sheet, but instead, expenses its ground lease cost as a component of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Warrants liability The Company accounts for its Warrants (as defined in Note 10 — Warrants) in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”), under which warrants that do not meet the criteria for equity classification and must be recorded as derivative liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the Warrants as liabilities carried at their fair value and adjusts the warrants to fair value at each reporting period. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until the warrants are exercised or expire, and any change in fair value is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations.
Revenue [Policy Text Block]	Revenue recognition The Company leases the hangar facilities that it constructs to third parties. The lease agreements are either on a month-to-month basis or have a defined term and may have options to extend the term. Some of the leases contain options to terminate the lease by either party with given notice. There are no options given to the lessee to purchase the underlying assets. Rental revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases (see Note 8 — Leases) and includes fixed payments of cash rents, which represents revenue each tenant pays in accordance with the terms of its respective lease and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental revenue and the corresponding rent and other receivables are recorded net of any concessions and uncollectible tenant receivables for all periods presented. The Company evaluates the collectability of tenant receivables for payments required under the lease agreements. If the Company determines that collectability is not probable, the Company recognizes any difference between revenue amounts recognized to date under ASC 842 and payments that have been collected from the lessee, including any additional rent or lease termination fees, as a current period adjustment to rental revenue. Variable lease payments consist of tenant reimbursements for common area maintenance, utilities, and operating expenses of the property, and various other fees, including fees associated with the delivery of aircraft fuel, late fees, and lease termination fees. Variable lease payments are charged based on the terms and conditions included in the respective tenant leases and are recognized in the same period as the expenses are incurred. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, rental revenue includes $673 and $1,053 of variable lease payments, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, rental revenue includes $187 and $304 of variable lease payments, respectively. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the deferred rent receivable included in prepaid expenses and other assets was $404 and $367, respectively. Rent received in advance represents tenant payments received prior to the contractual due date, and is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities. Rent received in advance consisted of $262 and $241 as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company did not derive 10% of its revenue from any single tenant. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 the Company derived approximately 29% and 30% of its revenue from two tenants, respectively.
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Income Taxes SHG is classified as a corporation for Federal income tax purposes and is subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. SHG includes in income, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, its allocable portion of income from the “pass-through” entities in which it holds an interest, including Sky. The “pass-through” entities, are not subject to U.S. Federal and certain state income taxes at the entity level, and instead, the tax liabilities with respect to taxable income are passed through to the members, including SHG. As a result, prior to the Yellowstone Transaction, Sky was not subject to U.S. Federal and certain state income taxes at the entity level. The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method gives consideration to the future tax consequences associated with the differences between the financial accounting and tax basis of the assets and liabilities as well as the ultimate realization of any deferred tax asset resulting from such differences, as well as from net operating losses and other tax-basis carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. When a valuation allowance is increased or decreased, a corresponding tax expense or benefit is recorded. The Company recorded income tax expense of $0 and the effective tax rate was 0.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. The effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to a full valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized due to the cumulative losses sustained by the Company to date.
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Segment Reporting (Topic 280) In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The disclosure requirements included in ASU No. 2023-07 are required for all public entities, including entities with a single reportable segment. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The guidance is required to be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the standard on our consolidated financial statement disclosures. Income Taxes (Topic 740) In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update apply to all entities that are subject to Topic 740, Income Taxes. The standard requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity's effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The guidance will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this updated standard on its disclosures to the consolidated financial statements.

Note 3 - Rapidbuilt Acquisition (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition [Table Text Block]

	May 12, 2023
Cash	$	293
Restricted Cash		1,500
Long-lived assets		10,752
Total assets		12,545

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		1,427
Loans payable and finance lease liabilities		11,074
Total liabilities		12,501
Total fair value of net assets acquired		44

Effective settlement of net receivable from Rapidbuilt		44
Total consideration transferred	$	44

Note 4 - Investments and Restricted Investments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Available for Sale Securities, and Held to Maturity [Table Text Block]

	*June 30, 2024*
	*Amortized Cost*		*Gross Unrealized Gains*		*Gross Unrealized Losses*			*Estimated Fair Value*
Investments, available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	9,999	$	67	$	-		$	10,066
Total investments	$	9,999	$	67	$	-		$	10,066

Restricted investments, held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasuries		16,743		16		(643	)		16,116
Total restricted investments	$	16,743	$	16	$	(643	)	$	16,116

	*December 31, 2023*
	*Amortized Cost*		*Gross Unrealized Gains*		*Gross Unrealized Losses*			*Estimated Fair Value*
Investments, available for sale:
U.S. Treasuries	$	11,554	$	312	$	-		$	11,866
Total investments	$	11,554	$	312	$	-		$	11,866

Restricted investments, held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasuries		88,213		105		(694	)		87,624
Total restricted investments	$	88,213	$	105	$	(694	)	$	87,624

Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]

	Investments		Restricted Investments
Due within one year	$	10,066	$	5,280
Due one year through five years		-		11,463
Total	$	10,066	$	16,743

Note 5 - Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Constructed Assets, Net and Cost of Construction [Table Text Block]

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Constructed assets, net of accumulated depreciation:
Buildings, BNA, OPF (Phase I), and SGR	$	81,002		$	80,232
Accumulated depreciation		(3,847	)		(2,949	)
	$	77,155		$	77,283
Cost of construction:
ADS (Phase I & II), APA (Phase I), DVT (Phase I), OPF (Phase II), and SJC (Renovation)	$	91,996		$	64,212

Note 6 - Long-lived Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Ground support equipment	$	1,366		$	1,051
Machinery and equipment		3,819			3,783
Buildings		5,433			5,380
Land		1,620			1,620
Other equipment and fixtures		639			596
Purchase deposits and construction in progress		653			362
		13,530			12,792
Accumulated depreciation		(1,602	)		(963	)
	$	11,928		$	11,829

Note 7 - Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Information (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]

	*June 30, 2024*		*December 31, 2023*
Costs of construction	$	16,483	$	7,022
Employee compensation and benefits		1,393		2,438
Interest		3,474		3,474
Professional fees		1,123		1,154
Tenant security deposits		960		614
Other		2,582		2,038
	$	26,015	$	16,740

Schedule of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures [Table Text Block]

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Accrued costs of construction, including capitalized interest	$	17,815	$	9,197
Accrued costs of long-lived assets		50		21
Debt issuance costs and premium amortized to cost of construction		102		106

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	55,177	$	1,368
Net increase (decrease) in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities due to lease remeasurement	$	70	$	(206	)

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Interest paid	$	3,851	$	3,552

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Cash, beginning of year	$	60,257	$	2,174
Restricted cash, beginning of year		12,009		39,222
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year	$	72,266	$	41,396

Cash, end of period	$	25,037	$	2,556
Restricted cash, end of period		97,267		16,633
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$	122,304	$	19,189

Note 8 - Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023
Operating expenses	$	2,320	$	964	$	3,595	$	1,903
General and administrative expenses		28		24		55		48
Total operating lease expense	$	2,348	$	988	$	3,650	$	1,951

Supplemental Information of Leases [Table Text Block]

	*Six months ended*
	*June 30,*		*June 30,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	1,662	$	1,022
Operating cash flows from finance leases		1		-
Financing cash flows from finance leases		14		-

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years)	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Operating leases
Ground leases - Unimproved at commencement		55.0			55.8
Ground leases - Existing improvements		26.9			46.1
Equipment leases		4.0			4.0
Office leases		1.6			1.4
All operating leases		43.8			53.4
Finance leases		2.3			2.7

Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases
Ground leases - Unimproved at commencement		5.37	%		5.22	%
Ground leases - Existing improvements		4.92	%		4.00	%
Equipment leases		5.28	%		5.45	%
Office leases		4.82	%		2.46	%
All operating leases		5.28	%		5.08	%
Finance leases		4.99	%		5.00	%

Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Maturity [Table Text Block]

Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2024 (remainder of year)	$	2,525		$	13
2025		5,342			24
2026		6,545			17
2027		7,075			2
2028		7,268			-
Thereafter		394,641			-
Total lease payments		423,396			56
Less imputed interest		(297,930	)		(3	)
Total	$	125,466		$	53

Lessor, Operating Lease, Payment to be Received, Maturity [Table Text Block]

Year Ending December 31,	*Operating Leases*
2024 (remainder of year)	$	5,832
2025		10,429
2026		8,188
2027		5,446
2028		3,500
Thereafter		2,775
Total lease payments		36,170
Less rent concessions to be applied at Company’s discretion		(214	)
Total	$	35,956

Note 9 - Bonds Payable, Loans Payable, and Interest (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Long-Term Debt Instruments [Table Text Block]

	*June 30, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Bonds payable:
Series 2021 Bonds Principal	$	166,340		$	166,340
Premium on bonds		249			249
Bond proceeds		166,589			166,589
Debt issuance costs		(4,753	)		(4,753	)
Accumulated amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of bond premium		686			584
Total Bonds payable, net	$	162,522		$	162,420

Debt and Finance Lease Obligation [Table Text Block]

		June 30, 2024					December 31, 2023
	Maturity Dates	Weighted-Average Interest Rates			Balance		Weighted-Average Interest Rates			Balance
Vista Loan	December 2025		8.61	%	$	7,996		8.53	%	$	8,768
Equipment loans	August 2026 - September 2028		8.02	%		359		8.09	%		475
Finance leases	September 2024 - July 2027		4.99	%		53		5.00	%		67
Total Loans payable and finance leases			8.56	%	$	8,408		8.47	%	$	9,310

Interest Expense, Debt [Table Text Block]

	*Three months ended*				*Six months ended*
	*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*		*June 30, 2024*		*June 30, 2023*
Interest		$ 1,922		$ 1,817		$ 3,851		$ 3,552
Accretion of bond premium and amortization of debt issuance costs		51		53		102		106
Total interest incurred		1,973		1,870		3,953		3,658
Less: capitalized interest		(1,786)		(1,788)		(3,572)		(3,576)
Interest expense		$ 187		$ 82		$ 381		$ 82

Note 13 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023			June 30, 2024			June 30, 2023
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	4,163		$	(1,634	)	$	(17,036	)	$	(10,394	)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		(1,598	)		(2,412	)		(3,858	)		(4,978	)
Basic net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders		5,761			778			(13,178	)		(5,416	)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to LLC Interests		(1,462	)		(2,412	)		-			-
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders	$	4,299		$	(1,634	)	$	(13,178	)	$	(5,416	)

Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding		24,734			15,167			24,504			15,076
Effect of dilutive exchange of Class B Common Stock		42,046			42,046			-			-
Effect of dilutive exchange of Sky Incentive Units		2,538			-			-			-
Effect of dilutive restricted stock		216			-			-			-
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		69,534			57,213			24,504			15,076

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Basic	$	0.23		$	0.05		$	(0.54	)	$	(0.36	)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Diluted	$	0.06		$	(0.03	)	$	(0.54	)	$	(0.36	)

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2024		June 30, 2023
Shares subject to unvested restricted stock units		813		1,005		1,030		1,005
Shares issuable upon the exercise of unvested stock options		439		-		439		-
Shares issuable upon the exercise of Warrants		15,803		14,519		15,803		14,519
Shares issuable upon the exchange of Class B Common Stock		-		-		42,046		42,046
Shares issuable upon the exercise and exchange of Sky Incentive Units		18		2,808		2,556		2,808

Note 14 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

	Unrealized gain on Available-for-sale Securities			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	312		$	312
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		462			462
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense		(707	)		(707	)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	67		$	67

	Unrealized gain on Available-for-sale Securities			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(102	)	$	(102	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		317			317
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense		(102	)		(102	)
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	113		$	113

Note 1 - Organization and Business Operations (Details Textual) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Common Class B [Member]
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Sky Harbour LLC [Member] \| Common Class B [Member]
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001
Sky Harbour LLC [Member]
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Parent	37.20%
Sky Harbour LLC [Member] \| LLC Interests and TRA Holders [Member]
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Parent	62.80%

Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		15 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Operating Lease, Variable Lease Income	$ 673	$ 187	$ 1,053	$ 304
Advance Rent	262		262		$ 262	$ 241
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Revenue Benchmark [Member]
Number of Major Tenants	1		1	2	2
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Revenue Benchmark [Member] \| One Tenant [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	10.00%		10.00%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Revenue Benchmark [Member] \| Two Tenants [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage		29.00%		30.00%
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets [Member]
Deferred Rent Asset, Net, Current	$ 404		$ 404		$ 404	$ 367
Consolidated Subsidiaries [Member] \| Sky Harbour LLC [Member]
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Parent	100.00%		100.00%		100.00%

Note 3 - Rapidbuilt Acquisition (Details Textual) $ in Thousands	May 12, 2023 USD ($)
Overflow Ltd [Member] \| Weathorford Steel Buildings Holdings LLC [Member]
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Parent	50.00%
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Noncontrolling Owner	1.00%
Overflow Ltd [Member]
Business Acquisition, Percentage of Voting Interests Acquired	51.00%
Rapidbuilt [Member]
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Receivables	$ 44

Note 3 - Rapidbuilt Acquisition - Schedule of Business Acquisition (Details) - Rapidbuilt Acquisition [Member] $ in Thousands	May 12, 2023 USD ($)
Cash	$ 293
Restricted Cash	1,500
Long-lived assets	10,752
Total assets	12,545
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,427
Loans payable and finance lease liabilities	11,074
Total liabilities	12,501
Total fair value of net assets acquired	44
Effective settlement of net receivable from Rapidbuilt	44
Total consideration transferred	$ 44

Note 4 - Investments and Restricted Investments - Summaries of the Amortized Cost, Unrealized Gains, Unrealized Losses, and Fair Value by Investment Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments, available for sale, amortized cost	$ 9,999	$ 11,554
Investments, available for sale, gross unrealized gains	67	312
Investments, available for sale, gross unrealized losses	0	0
Investments, available for sale, estimated fair value	10,066	11,866
Restricted investments, held-to-maturity, amortized cost	16,743	88,213
Restricted investments, gross unrealized gains	16	105
Restricted investments, gross unrealized losses	(643)	(694)
Restricted investments, estimated fair value	16,116	87,624
US Treasury Securities [Member]
Investments, available for sale, amortized cost	9,999	11,554
Investments, available for sale, gross unrealized gains	67	312
Investments, available for sale, gross unrealized losses	0	0
Investments, available for sale, estimated fair value	10,066	11,866
Restricted investments, held-to-maturity, amortized cost	16,743	88,213
Restricted investments, gross unrealized gains	16	105
Restricted investments, gross unrealized losses	(643)	(694)
Restricted investments, estimated fair value	$ 16,116	$ 87,624

Note 4 - Investments and Restricted Investments - Investments and Restricted Investments (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Investments, due within one year	$ 10,066
Restricted investments, due within one year	5,280
Investments,due on year through five years	0
Restricted investments, due on year through five years	11,463
Investments, total	10,066
Restricted investments, total	$ 16,743

Note 5 - Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Asset under Construction [Member]
Depreciation	$ 450	$ 448	$ 898	$ 839

Note 5 - Cost of Construction and Constructed Assets - Constructed Assets, Net and Cost of Construction (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Asset under Construction [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 81,002	$ 80,232
Accumulated depreciation	(3,847)	(2,949)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	77,155	77,283
ADS (Phase I & II), APA (Phase I), DVT (Phase I), OPF (Phase II), and SJC (Renovation)	77,155	77,283
Construction in Progress [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	91,996	64,212
ADS (Phase I & II), APA (Phase I), DVT (Phase I), OPF (Phase II), and SJC (Renovation)	$ 91,996	$ 64,212

Note 6 - Long-lived Assets (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Equipment and Software [Member]
Depreciation	$ 191	$ 83	$ 373	$ 141
Construction in Progress [Member]
Depreciation	130	$ 119	266	$ 119
Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant, and Equipment, Not in Service	$ 653		$ 653		$ 362

Note 6 - Long-lived Assets - Long-lived Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 1,366	$ 1,051
Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	3,819	3,783
Building [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	5,433	5,380
Land [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	1,620	1,620
Other Equipment and Fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	639	596
Purchase deposits and Construction in Progress [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	653	362
Equipment and Software [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	13,530	12,792
Accumulated depreciation	(1,602)	(963)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$ 11,928	$ 11,829

Note 7 - Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Information - Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Costs of construction	$ 16,483	$ 7,022
Employee compensation and benefits	1,393	2,438
Interest	3,474	3,474
Professional fees	1,123	1,154
Tenant security deposits	960	614
Other	2,582	2,038
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities	$ 26,015	$ 16,740

Note 7 - Supplemental Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Information - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Accrued costs of construction, including capitalized interest	$ 17,815	$ 9,197
Accrued costs of long-lived assets	50	21
Debt issuance costs and premium amortized to cost of construction	102	106
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	55,177	1,368
Net increase (decrease) in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities due to lease remeasurement	70	(206)
Interest paid	3,851	3,552
Cash, beginning of year	60,257	2,174
Restricted cash, beginning of year	12,009	39,222
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of year	72,266	41,396
Cash, end of period	25,037	2,556
Restricted cash, end of period	97,267	16,633
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$ 122,304	$ 19,189

Note 8 - Leases (Details Textual)	Jun. 30, 2024	May 31, 2024 a	Mar. 27, 2024 a	Mar. 23, 2024 ft²
Minimum [Member]
Lessor, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)	1 year
Maximum [Member]
Lessor, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)	10 years
Ground Leases at SGR, OPF, and BNA [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)	16 years
Ground Leases at SGR, OPF, and BNA [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)	73 years
SJC Lease [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)				20 years
Lessee, Operating Lease, Renewal Term (Year)				5 years
SJC Lease [Member] \| Hanger [Member]
Area of Real Estate Property (Square Foot)				38,000
SJC Lease [Member] \| Office Space [Member]
Area of Real Estate Property (Square Foot)				19,000
SJC Lease [Member] \| Apron and Ramp Space [Member]
Area of Real Estate Property (Square Foot)				108,000
SJC Lease [Member] \| Additional Land to Develop [Member]
Area of Real Estate Property (Square Foot)				28,000
ORL Lease [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)			30 years
Lessee, Operating Lease, Renewal Term (Year)			20 years
Area of Land (Acre) \| a			20
IAD Lease [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)		50 years
Lessee, Operating Lease, Renewal Term (Year)		10 years
Area of Land (Acre) \| a		18

Note 8 - Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Operating lease expense	$ 2,348	$ 988	$ 3,650	$ 1,951
Operating Expense [Member]
Operating lease expense	2,320	964	3,595	1,903
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Operating lease expense	$ 28	$ 24	$ 55	$ 48

Note 8 - Leases - Supplemental Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 1,662	$ 1,022
Operating cash flows from finance leases	1	0
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$ 14	$ 0
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term (Year)	43 years 9 months 18 days		53 years 4 months 24 days
Finance leases, weighted average remaining lease term (Year)	2 years 3 months 18 days		2 years 8 months 12 days
Operating leases, weighted average discount	5.28%		5.08%
Finance leases, weighted average discount	4.99%		5.00%
Ground Leases - Unimproved at Commencement [Member]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term (Year)	55 years		55 years 9 months 18 days
Operating leases, weighted average discount	5.37%		5.22%
Ground Leases - Existing Improvements [Member]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term (Year)	26 years 10 months 24 days		46 years 1 month 6 days
Operating leases, weighted average discount	4.92%		4.00%
Equipment Leases [Member]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term (Year)	4 years		4 years
Operating leases, weighted average discount	5.28%		5.45%
Office Leases [Member]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term (Year)	1 year 7 months 6 days		1 year 4 months 24 days
Operating leases, weighted average discount	4.82%		2.46%

Note 8 - Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
2024 (remainder of year)	$ 2,525
2024 (remainder of year)	13
2025, Operating Lease	5,342
2025, Finance Lease	24
2026, Operating Lease	6,545
2026, Finance Lease	17
2027, Operating Lease	7,075
2027, Finance Lease	2
2028, Operating Lease	7,268
2028, Finance Lease	0
Thereafter, Operating Lease	394,641
Thereafter, Finance Lease	0
Total lease payments, Operating Lease	423,396
Total lease payments, Finance Lease	56
Less imputed interest, Operating Lease	(297,930)
Less imputed interest, Finance Lease	(3)
Total, Operating Lease	125,466	$ 69,437
Total, Finance Lease	$ 53

Note 8 - Leases - Non-cancelable Future Minimum Lease Payments from Tenants (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
2024 (remainder of year)	$ 5,832
2025	10,429
2026	8,188
2027	5,446
2028	3,500
Thereafter	2,775
Total lease payments	36,170
Less rent concessions to be applied at Company’s discretion	(214)
Total	$ 35,956

Note 9 - Bonds Payable, Loans Payable, and Interest (Details Textual) - Series 2021 Bonds [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	May 20, 2021
Long-Term Debt, Gross	$ 166,340	$ 166,340	$ 166,300
Debt Instrument, Unamortized Premium, Total	249	249	200
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Long-Term Debt, Fair Value	$ 134,200	$ 116,500
Tranche One [Member]
Long-Term Debt, Gross			$ 21,100
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage			4.00%
Tranche Two [Member]
Long-Term Debt, Gross			$ 30,400
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage			4.00%
Tranche Three [Member]
Long-Term Debt, Gross			$ 114,800
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage			4.25%

Note 9 - Bonds Payable, Loans Payable, and Interest - Bonds Payable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	May 20, 2021
Total Bonds payable, net	$ 162,522	$ 162,420
Series 2021 Bonds [Member]
Series 2021 Bonds Principal	166,340	166,340	$ 166,300
Premium on bonds	249	249	$ 200
Bond proceeds	166,589	166,589
Debt issuance costs	(4,753)	(4,753)
Accumulated amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of bond premium	686	584
Total Bonds payable, net	$ 162,522	$ 162,420

Note 9 - Bonds Payable, Loans Payable and Interest - Loans Payable and Finance Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 13, 2023
Weighted average interest rate	8.56%	8.47%
Balance	$ 8,408	$ 9,310
Vista Loan [Member]
Weighted average interest rate	8.61%	8.53%
Balance	$ 7,996	$ 8,768
Equipment Loan [Member]
Weighted average interest rate	8.02%	8.09%
Balance	$ 359	$ 475
Finance Lease [Member]
Weighted average interest rate	4.99%	5.00%
Balance	$ 53	$ 67

Note 9 - Bonds Payable, Loans Payable, and Interest - Interest Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Interest	$ 1,922	$ 1,817	$ 3,851	$ 3,552
Accretion of bond premium and amortization of debt issuance costs	51	53	102	106
Total interest incurred	1,973	1,870	3,953	3,658
Less: capitalized interest	(1,786)	(1,788)	(3,572)	(3,576)
Interest expense	$ 187	$ 82	$ 381	$ 82

Note 10 - Warrants (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Nov. 01, 2023	Oct. 26, 2020
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises			$ 2,960	$ 3
Fair Value Adjustment of Warrants	$ (8,219)	$ (2,613)	$ 7,969	1,597
Public Warrants [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights (in shares)							6,799,439
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights (in dollars per share)							$ 11.5
Private Placement Warrant [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right, Number of Securities Called by Warrants or Rights (in shares)						1,541,600	7,719,779
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights (in dollars per share)						$ 11.5	$ 11.5
Class of Warrants or Rights, Exercised During Period (in shares)	3,639		257,342
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises			$ 3,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding (in shares)	15,803,001		15,803,001
Class of Warrants and Rights Outsanding, Price (in dollars per share)	$ 1.24		$ 1.24		$ 0.75
Warrants and Rights Outstanding	$ 19,600		$ 19,600		$ 12,000
Fair Value Adjustment of Warrants	$ (8,200)	$ (2,600)	$ 8,000	$ 1,600

Note 11 - Equity (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 27, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Payments of Stock Issuance Costs			$ 248	$ (0)
Sky Harbour LLC [Member] \| LLC Interests and TRA Holders [Member]
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Noncontrolling Owner		62.80%	62.80%
Overflow [Member] \| Former Majority Shareholder [Member]
Subsidiary, Ownership Percentage, Noncontrolling Owner		49.00%	49.00%
At Market Issuance Sales Agreement [Member]
Sale of Stock, Maximum Amount Issuable	$ 100,000
Sale of Stock, Commission Percentage	3.00%
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues (in shares)		7,407	7,407
Shares Issued, Price Per Share (in dollars per share)		$ 12.42	$ 12.42
Payments of Stock Issuance Costs	$ 100
Common Class A [Member]
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)		24,878,700	24,878,700		24,165,523
Common Class B [Member]
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)		42,046,356	42,046,356		42,046,356

Note 12 - Equity Compensation (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Feb. 29, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Sky Incentive Units [Member] \| Sky Harbour LLC and Subsidiaries (Sky) [Member]
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense		$ 45	$ 81	$ 91	$ 166
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount		200		$ 200
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)				10 months 24 days
The 2022 Incentive Award Plan [Member]
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross (in shares)	438,781
Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 11.63
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in dollars per share)	$ 7.32
The 2022 Incentive Award Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense		$ 900	$ 500	$ 1,900	$ 900
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number (in shares)		1,029,697		1,029,697
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in dollars per share)		$ 9.82		$ 9.82
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount		$ 8,400		$ 8,400
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)				2 years 10 months 24 days
The 2022 Incentive Award Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Employee [Member]
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period (in shares)	430,002
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in dollars per share)	$ 12.33
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)	4 years
The 2022 Incentive Award Plan [Member] \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)	4 years
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense		100		$ 100
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount		$ 3,100		$ 3,100
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)				8 years 7 months 6 days
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)	10 years

Note 13 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Schedule of Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Net loss	$ 4,163	$ (21,199)	$ (1,634)	$ (8,761)	$ (17,036)	$ (10,394)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests	(1,598)		(2,412)		(3,858)	(4,978)
Basic net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders	5,761		778		(13,178)	(5,416)
Less: Net (loss) attributable to LLC Interests	1,462		2,412		(0)	(0)
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to Sky Harbour Group Corporation shareholders	$ 4,299		$ (1,634)		$ (13,178)	$ (5,416)
Basic weighted average shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding (in shares)	24,734		15,167		24,504	15,076
Effect of dilutive exchange of Class B Common Stock (in shares)	42,046		42,046		0	0
Effect of dilutive exchange of Sky Incentive Units (in shares)	2,538		0		0	0
Effect of dilutive restricted stock (in shares)	216		0		0	0
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	69,534		57,213		24,504	15,076
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.23		$ 0.05		$ (0.54)	$ (0.36)
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A Common Stock – Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.06		$ (0.03)		$ (0.54)	$ (0.36)

Note 13 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Antidilutive Securities (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	813	1,005	1,030	1,005
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	439	0	439	0
Warrant [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	15,803	14,519	15,803	14,519
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	0	0	42,046	42,046
Sky Incentive Units [Member]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	18	2,808	2,556	2,808

Note 14 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Balance	$ 132,246	$ 98,375
Balance	119,573	89,256
AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Including Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Balance	312	(102)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	462	317
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense	(707)	(102)
Balance	67	113
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]
Balance	312	(102)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	462	317
Amounts reclassified to other (income) expense	(707)	(102)
Balance	$ 67	$ 113

Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
BNA Construction Project [Member]
Termination Penalty	$ 0
APA Lease [Member]
Lease Improvement Plan, Period Limitation (Month)	24 months
DVT Lease [Member]
Lease Improvement Requirement, Phase I Requirement	$ 15,300
Lease Improvement Requirement, Phase II Requirement	14,600
ADS Construction Project [Member]
Capital Improvement, Comment To Spend	10,000
ORL Lease [Member]
Lease Improvement Requirement, Phase I Requirement	$ 30,000

Note 16 - Related Party Transactions (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Non-exclusive Agreement [Member]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction	$ 18		$ 54	$ 87	$ 116
Employee Service [Member] \| Company That Employed The Chief Financial Officer [Member]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction	$ 0	$ 0	$ 8		$ 95

Note 17 - Subsequent Events (Details Textual) - Subsequent Event [Member] - SLC Lease [Member] $ in Millions	Aug. 08, 2024 USD ($) a
Area of Real Estate Property (Square Foot) \| a	8.4
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract (Year)	30 years
Lessee, Operating Lease, Renewal Term (Year)	20 years
Lessee, Operating Lease, Capital Improvement Requirement, Value \| $	$ 40

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