THIRD-QUARTER 2024 SALES
NANTERRE (FRANCE)
OCTOBER 21, 2024
THIRD-QUARTER 2024 SALES
Q3 2024 SALES OF €6.4bn, AN
OUTPERFORMANCE OF
420bps
IN A CHALLENGING ENVIRONMENT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in
€m |
|
Q3 2023 |
Currency effect |
Organic growth |
Scope effect |
Q3 2024 |
Reported change |
Group sales |
6,528 |
-105 |
-28 |
-39 |
6,357 |
-2.6% |
% of last year's sales |
|
-1.6% |
-0.4% |
-0.6% |
|
|
Worldwide auto. prod.* (m units) |
22.6 |
|
-4.6% |
|
21.6 |
|
Outperformance (bps) |
|
|
420 |
|
|
|
* Source: S&P Global Mobility October 2024 |
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|
·SALES OUTPERFORMED WORLDWIDE AUTOMOTIVE
PRODUCTION BY 420 BASIS POINTS IN Q3 2024, ABOVE H1 2024
OUTPERFORMANCE
o By Business Group,
outperformance was driven by Seating, Interiors, Lighting, and
Electronics.
o By region, Group’s
outperformance was driven by Europe and North America.
o Excluding negative geographical
mix, outperformance stood at 480bps.
·BUILDING UP SUSTAINABLE PROFITABLE
GROWTH THROUGH CUMULATED ORDER INTAKE ABOVE €20bn SINCE THE START
OF THE YEAR
- Asia representing 36% of the cumulated 9-month order intake,
including significant awards with new Chinese OEMs such as Chery,
Li Auto and a fast-growing EV manufacturer.
- Targeting around €30bn in 2024, while maintaining a selective
approach to order intake, both in terms of profitability and
upfront costs.
·IN ITS RECENT PRESS RELEASE ISSUED ON
SEPTEMBER 27, 2024, FORVIA UPDATED ITS FY 2024 GUIDANCE TO:
o Sales of between €26.8bn and
€27.2bn,
o Operating margin of between
5.0% and 5.3% of sales,
o Net Cash Flow (NCF) ≥
€550m,
o Net debt/Adjusted EBITDA ratio
≤ 2.0x at year-end.
·FORVIA CONFIRMS ITS TOP PRIORITY TO
DELEVERAGING, WITH UNCHANGED TARGET OF NET DEBT/ADJUSTED EBITDA
RATIO < 1.5X AT END-2025, SUPPORTED BY DISPOSAL PROGRAM UNDERWAY
ON TOP OF IMPROVEMENT IN CASH-FLOW GENERATION.
Patrick KOLLER, Chief Executive Officer
of FORVIA, declared:
“In the third quarter, we continued to post
a robust organic sales outperformance of 420 basis points vs. a
worldwide automotive production that was down 4.6% year-on-year.
This outperformance demonstrates our capacity to resist to a
challenging environment, as flagged in our recent press release on
September 27.
Uncertainty remains high in the European
market, impacted by a slowdown of electrification and concerns
related to the CAFE regulation, while the North American market is
suffering from high level of car inventories. In both regions, we
outperformed the local automotive production.
In China, conversely and as expected, we
underperformed the local automotive production in the past quarter,
due to customer mix evolution and SOPs delayed from 2024 to 2025.
In a Chinese market that is expected to grow in 2025, we confirm
that we should resume outperforming the automotive production in
the country by at least 300 basis points.
The order intake signed in the past quarter
brings to more than €20 billion the cumulated amount since the
start of the year, with a well-balanced mix of customers and
geographies, and Asia representing around 36% of this amount. While
pursuing our selective approach to order intake, we are targeting
€30 billion in the full year 2024.
We remain focused on maintaining our efforts
and accelerating measures, such as EU-FORWARD competitiveness
program in Europe and cost synergies with FORVIA HELLA, that will
ensure the resilience of our performance in the rest of the year,
as well as significantly improve our performance in 2025, even if
the environment remains challenging. Deleveraging the company and
strengthening its balance-sheet remains our top priority.”
- The Board of Directors, under the chairmanship of
Michel de ROSEN, met on October 18 and reviewed the present press
release.
- All financial terms used in this press release are
explained at the end of this document, under the section
“Definitions of terms used in this document”.
- All figures related to worldwide or regional
automotive production refer to the S&P Global Mobility forecast
dated October 2024.
CUMULATED
ORDER INTAKE ABOVE €20bn SINCE THE START OF THE YEAR
Since the start of the year, the Group has kept
reinforcing its momentum in fast-growing segments, which will
contribute to secure medium-term profitable growth:
- Asia represents 36% of the order intake, of
which 30% in China.
- Chinese awards include key conquests with
fast-growing Chinese OEMs such as Chery and Li Auto, as well as a
first project with a fast-growing EV manufacturer
(Seating).
- Order intake with Premium models was close to €9
billion or 43% of total order intake.
- More than €4 billion in innovative products and
solutions, including hydrogen for c. €700 million.
While maintaining a selective approach to order
intake, both in terms of profitability and upfront costs, FORVIA is
targeting c. €30 billion of order intake in the full year 2024.
In addition, BYD and FORVIA have agreed to
further develop their partnership in Europe. After having awarded
FORVIA/BYD Joint Venture for the launch of its first European
location in Hungary, the car manufacturer has chosen FORVIA/BYD JV
as supplier for its next-to-open plant in Turkey.
EU-FORWARD
UPDATE
Early this year, FORVIA launched the five-year
initiative EU-FORWARD, aimed at reinforcing the competitiveness and
agility of the Group’s operations in Europe, adapting its European
manufacturing and R&D set-up to the fast-changing regional
environment.
In its press release dated September 27, FORVIA
announced accelerating the implementation of this initiative with
the following targets:
- By the end of 2024, more than 2,800 headcount reduction should
be announced, representing P&L savings of c. €120m on an
annualized basis.
- By the end of 2025, more than 5,800 cumulated headcount
reduction should be announced, representing P&L cumulated
savings of c. €270m on an annualized basis. At this time, around
5,500 people should have left the Group, including around 1,000
people due to attrition. The positive impact on 2025 P&L should
represent more than €180m, with restructuring costs kept at the
initial level announced in February 2024.
- By the end of 2027, over 90% of the total five-year 2024-2028
headcount reduction could have already been reached.
A CHALLENGING MARKET ENVIRONMENT WITH WORLDWIDE
AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTION DOWN 4.6% YOY IN Q3 2024
Worldwide automotive production in Q3
was down by 4.6% at 21.6 million Light Vehicles (source:
S&P dated October 2024).
In FORVIA’s main regions, trends were as
follows:
- Europe ex. Russia (43% of
Group sales in Q3): production was down 6.9% at 3.4 million
LVs,
- North America (24% of Group sales in Q3):
production was down 4.7% at 3.8 million LVs,
Both regions were impacted by continued
slowdown of electrification, while North America remained
characterized by high level of car inventories.
- China (22% of Group sales in Q3):
production was down 2.6% at 7.3 million LVs.
Q3 2024 SALES
AT GROUP LEVEL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in
€m |
|
Q3 2023 |
Currency effect |
Organic growth |
Scope effect |
Q3 2024 |
Reported change |
Group sales |
6,528 |
-105 |
-28 |
-39 |
6,357 |
-2.6% |
% of last year's sales |
|
-1.6% |
-0.4% |
-0.6% |
|
|
Worldwide auto. prod.* (m units) |
22.6 |
|
-4.6% |
|
21.6 |
|
Outperformance (bps) |
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|
420 |
|
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* Source: S&P Global Mobility October 2024 |
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In Q3 2024, consolidated sales amounted
to €6,357 million: -2.6% on a reported basis and slightly down
year-on-year on an organic basis (-0.4%), representing an
outperformance of 420bps.
- Sales change included a negative currency effect of €(105)
million or -1.6% of last year’s sales, that was essentially driven
by the depreciation of the Turkish lira, the Brazilian real, the US
dollar and the Argentinean peso.
- Negative net impact of the scope of consolidation was €(39)
million. It included:
- A negative impact of €(105) million related to the disposal of
CVI’s activities in North America and Europe that was closed on
October 2, 2023,
- A positive impact of €66 million related to the consolidation
as of January 1st, 2024, of HBBL, a joint venture in
Lighting held by FORVIA HELLA in China (previously consolidated by
the equity method).
- Organic growth was slightly negative at €(28) million or -0.4%
of last year’s sales, nevertheless representing an outperformance
of 420bps compared to worldwide automotive production that was down
4.6% during the period.
Out of the 420bps:
-
- c. +480bps came from volumes (incl. strong tooling sales), mix
and pricing,
- c.-60bps came from negative regional mix.
- From a customer standpoint, organic growth was lifted by
activity with VW, Ford, Renault, Mercedes and Chery but was
penalized by reduced sales at Stellantis, especially in North
America, and a large US EV car maker.
Q3 2024 SALES
BY BUSINESS GROUP
in
€m |
|
Seating |
Interiors |
Clean Mobility |
Electronics |
Lighting |
Lifecycle Sol. |
GROUP |
Q3 2023 |
|
2,015 |
1,129 |
1,182 |
1,039 |
899 |
264 |
6,528 |
Currency effect |
-15 |
-39 |
-28 |
-8 |
-8 |
-8 |
-105 |
% of last year's sales |
-0.8% |
-3.4% |
-2.3% |
-0.8% |
-0.9% |
-2.8% |
-1.6% |
Organic growth |
99 |
67 |
-119 |
-37 |
-13 |
-25 |
-28 |
% of last year's sales |
4.9% |
5.9% |
-10.1% |
-3.5% |
-1.4% |
-9.4% |
-0.4% |
Outperformance (bps) |
950 |
1,050 |
-550 |
110 |
320 |
n/m |
420 |
Scope effect |
|
|
-105 |
|
66 |
|
-39 |
% of last year's sales |
|
|
-8.9% |
|
7.4% |
|
-0.6% |
Q3 2024 |
2,099 |
1,156 |
930 |
994 |
945 |
232 |
6,357 |
Reported change |
4.2% |
2.5% |
-21.3% |
-4.3% |
5.1% |
-12.3% |
-2.6% |
* Source: S&P Global Mobility October 2024 |
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- SEATING (33% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
Seating posted organic growth of 4.9%, an
outperformance of 950bps.
In Q3 2023, sales included c. €30 million of
sales from the loss-making program in Highland Park (Michigan,
USA), that FORVIA voluntarily ended on September 30, 2023.
Despite significantly lower volumes with
Stellantis in Europe and North America, Seating strongly
outperformed local automotive production in both regions:
- In Europe, organic growth stood at c. 16%, largely driven by
German OEMs and Renault,
- In North America, organic growth stood slightly above 5%,
largely driven by Ford and GM, but also VW to a lesser extent.
In China, FORVIA underperformed the local
automotive production that was down by around 3% in the quarter:
growth with new Chinese OEMs (such as Chery and Li Auto) and with
German premium carmakers did not fully offset sales drop with BYD
and GM.
- INTERIORS (18% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
Interiors posted organic growth of 5.9%, an
outperformance of 1,050bps, mainly driven by North America, thanks
to the strong effect of the high number of SOPs and strong tooling
sales.
- In Europe, the business grew on an organic basis by c. 3% (in a
market that dropped by c. 7%), notably driven by VW, Renault and
Ford,
- In North America, sales grew by more than 20% (in a market that
dropped by c. 5%), notably driven by Ford, GM and VW.
In China, which represents a lower part of
Interiors sales (11% in the quarter), sales dropped by around 15%
(in a market that dropped by c. 3%), with lower sales notably with
Changan and Volvo, and despite strong growth Li Auto and start of
business with BYD.
- CLEAN MOBILITY (15% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
Clean Mobility posted an organic drop of 10.1%
in the quarter, an underperformance of 550bps.
Close to three quarters of the organic sales
drop in Q3 2024 were due to Stellantis, in Europe and in North
America.
In both regions, excluding this impact, FORVIA’s
organic sales outperformed the local automotive production
evolution during the period.
In China, where electrification further
advanced, sales dropped in the double-digits, primarily due to
lower activity with VW, GM, FAW and SAIC.
- ELECTRONICS (16% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
Electronics posted an outperformance of 110bps,
with an organic drop of 3.5%. In the context of a sharp slowdown in
electrification, sales decline was primarily due to delays in SOPs
and negative customer mix effects.
- In Europe, sales were down by c. 3% organically in a market
that dropped by c. 7%, supported by growing activity with VW.
- In North America, organic sales grew by close to 2% in a market
down by c.5%, primarily driven by GM.
- In China, sales recorded double digit decline and were impacted
by a negative customer mix.
- LIGHTING (15% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
Lighting posted an outperformance of 320bps vs.
worldwide automotive production, with an organic decline contained
to 1.4%.
- In Europe, sales grew at around 8% in a market down by c. 7%,
driven by strong activity VW and Nissan-Mitsubishi.
- In North America, sales were down by c. 9% in a market down by
c. 5%, penalized by impact of ends of production and delayed
SOPs.
- In China, end of production of a large series with an
international OEM was not compensated by growing activity with
Geely and business ramp-up with new Chinese customers.
Reported growth stood at 5.1% thanks to the
consolidation by FORVIA HELLA of HBBL, a joint venture that was
previously accounted for by the equity method.
- LIFECYCLE SOLUTIONS (3% of Group consolidated sales in
the period)
Lifecycle Solutions posted an organic sales drop of 9.4% in the
quarter, mainly due highly demanding comparable (Lifecycle
Solutions organic growth stood at 16.1% in Q3 2023), as well as
weak market conditions.
The Special Original Equipment was impacted by lower investment
activities in almost all customers segments, especially in the
agricultural, construction machinery and trailer segment.
Q3 2024 SALES BY REGION
in
€m |
|
EMEA |
o/w Europe |
AMERICAS |
o/w North Am. |
ASIA |
o/w China |
GROUP |
Q3 2023 |
|
2,811 |
2,726 |
1,828 |
1,628 |
1,889 |
1,516 |
6,528 |
Currency effect |
-43 |
-45 |
-52 |
-16 |
-10 |
2 |
-105 |
% of last year's sales |
-1.5% |
-1.6% |
-2.9% |
-1.0% |
-0.5% |
0.1% |
-1.6% |
Organic growth |
115 |
121 |
45 |
2 |
-188 |
-204 |
-28 |
% of last year's sales |
4.1% |
4.5% |
2.4% |
0.1% |
-9.9% |
-13.5% |
-0.4% |
Regional auto prod.* (m units) |
-9.0% |
-6.9% |
-2.4% |
-4.7% |
-3.8% |
-2.6% |
-4.6% |
Outperformance (bps) |
1,310 |
1,140 |
480 |
480 |
-610 |
-1,090 |
420 |
Scope effect |
-43 |
-42 |
-62 |
-62 |
66 |
66 |
-39 |
% of last year's sales |
-1.5% |
-1.6% |
-3.4% |
-3.8% |
3.5% |
4.4% |
-0.6% |
Q3 2024 |
2,841 |
2,760 |
1,757 |
1,551 |
1,758 |
1,380 |
6,357 |
Reported change |
1.1% |
1.2% |
-3.8% |
-4.7% |
-6.9% |
-9.0% |
-2.6% |
* Source: S&P Global Mobility October 2024 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- EMEA (45% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
In Europe excluding Russia
(representing over 97% of the region), sales grew by 4.5% on an
organic basis, while automotive production was down 6.9% in the
period.
Outperformance of 1,140bps was attributable to
Seating, Interiors, Lighting and to Electronics, to a lesser
extent.
- AMERICAS (27% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
In Americas, sales up 2.4% on
an organic basis posted an outperformance of 480bps, combining
North and South Americas.
In North America (representing
close to 90% of the region), sales were broadly stable on an
organic basis (+0.1%), while automotive production was down 4.7% in
the period, i.e., an outperformance of 480bps.
Organic growth was essentially driven by
Interiors, Seating and Electronics.
In South America, strong
organic growth of 21.6% was mostly driven by inflation in
Argentina.
- ASIA (28% of Group consolidated sales in the
period)
In Asia, sales were down 9.9%
on an organic basis, while automotive production in Asia dropped by
3.8% in the period. This reflected contrasted situation between
China and Rest of Asia.
In China (representing close to 80% of
the region), sales dropped on an organic basis by 13.5%,
while automotive production in the country dropped by 2.6% in the
period.
This underperformance reflected a still high
base of comparison of Q3 2023 (organic growth stood at 11.8%) and
delayed SOPs. Both sales with Chinese OEMs and International OEMs
posted double-digit organic drops (higher for International
OEMs).
- Regarding Chinese OEMs, as already seen in the previous
quarters and as expected in the quarter, sales drop with BYD and a
few other OEMs was not fully offset by the ramp-up with other
Chinese OEMs (such as Li Auto, Chery and Leap Motor, that grew
sharply but on a lower initial sales volume),
- Regarding international OEMs, sales drop with a large US EV
carmaker and GM, as well as a few other OEMs, was not offset by
sales expansion with other carmakers, notably a German premium
OEM.
It is worth mentioning that FORVIA HELLA, whose
activity with Chinese OEMs has been significantly below Group
average, posted an organic growth above 20% in the quarter with
Chinese OEMs.
FORVIA should resume outperforming automotive
production in China by at least 300bps in 2025.
In the Rest of Asia (representing more
than 20% of the region), sales were up 4.5% on an organic
basis, while automotive production was down 5.3%. This strong
outperformance was primarily driven by Japan, which recorded strong
double-digit organic growth, and by India to a lesser extent.
2024 GUIDANCE
& LOOKING FORWARD INTO 2025
On September 27 (see Press Release on FORVIA’s
website: www.forvia.com), FORVIA announced updating its FY 2024
guidance to reflect lower production outlook and uncertain
environment.
FORVIA expects for 2024:
- Sales of between €26.8bn and €27.2bn,
- Operating margin of between 5.0% and 5.3% of
sales,
- Net Cash Flow (NCF) ≥ €550m,
- Net debt/Adjusted EBITDA ratio ≤ 2.0x at
year-end.
This guidance is based on:
- The latest October S&P forecast for worldwide
automotive production of 88.5m LVs, down 2.2%
year-on-year,
- Estimated 2024 average currency rates of 1.09 for €/USD,
7.84 for €/CNY, 1,171 for €/ARS and 41.6 for €/TRY,
and assumes no major disruption materially
impacting production or retail sales in any automotive region
during the year.
In this Press Release, FORVIA also announced
accelerating the roll out of initiatives that will contribute to
improve performance in 2025, in an environment that could remain
challenging (at this stage, FORVIA assumes no growth in worldwide
automotive production in 2025 vs. 2024).
As already indicated since July, the
detailed 2025 guidance will be given on February 28, 2025, along
with the release of FORVIA’s FY 2024 results, in accordance with
the Group’s usual practices.
Nevertheless, FORVIA already gave the
following indications for next year:
- FORVIA has the ambition to continue to outperform
worldwide automotive production in 2025, notably including
outperformance in China that should reach at least
300bps.
- FORVIA has the ambition to significantly improve both
operating margin and NCF in 2025 vs. 2024.
- FORVIA confirms its POWER25 key target of reaching Net
debt/Adjusted EBITDA ratio < 1.5x at December 31, 2025 through
continuous improvement in net cash flow generation and targeted
asset disposals.
FINANCIAL
CALENDAR (provisional)
- February 28, 2025: FY
2024 results (before market hours)
- May 28,
2025:
Annual Shareholders’ Meeting
A webcast will be held today, Monday October 21, 2024, at 8:00am
(Paris time).
FORVIA’s Q3 2024 sales presentation will be available before the
webcast on FORVIA’s website: www.forvia.com
If you wish to follow the presentation using the webcast, please
access the following link:
https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/cr38c3uf
A replay will be available as soon as possible.
You may also follow the presentation via conference call:
France:
+33 1 70 91 87 04
United Kingdom:
+44
1 212 818 004
United States:
+1 718 705 8796
Code: 888652
PRESS |
ANALYSTS/INVESTORS |
Christophe MALBRANQUE
Group Influence Director
+33 (0) 6 21 96 23 53
christophe.malbranque@forvia.com |
Marc MAILLET
Group Head of Investor Relations
+33 (0) 1 72 36 75 70
marc.maillet@forvia.com |
Iria MONTOUTO
Group Media Relations Officer
+33 (0) 6 01 03 19 89
iria.montouto@forvia.com |
Sébastien LEROY
Deputy Head of Investor Relations
+33 (0) 1 72 36 78 74
sebastien.leroy@forvia.com |
About FORVIA, whose mission is: “We pioneer technology
for mobility experiences that matter to people”.
FORVIA, 7th global automotive technology
supplier, comprises the complementary technology and industrial
strengths of Faurecia and HELLA. With over 290 industrial sites and
76 R&D centers, 157,000 people, including more than 15,000
R&D engineers across 40+ countries, FORVIA provides a unique
and comprehensive approach to the automotive challenges of today
and tomorrow. Composed of 6 business groups and a strong IP
portfolio of over 14,000 patents, FORVIA is focused on becoming the
preferred innovation and integration partner for OEMS worldwide. In
2023, the Group achieved a consolidated revenue of 27.2 billion
euros. FORVIA SE is listed on the Euronext Paris market under the
FRVIA mnemonic code. FORVIA aims to be a change maker committed to
foreseeing and making the mobility transformation happen.
www.forvia.com
DISCLAIMER
This presentation contains certain
forward-looking statements concerning FORVIA. Such forward-looking
statements represent trends or objectives and cannot be construed
as constituting forecasts regarding the future FORVIA’s results or
any other performance indicator. In some cases, you can identify
these forward-looking statements by forward-looking words, such as
"estimate," "expect," "anticipate," "project," "plan," "intend,"
"objective", "believe," "forecast," "foresee," "likely," "may,"
"should," "goal," "target," "might," "would,", “will”, "could,",
"predict," "continue," "convinced," and "confident," the negative
or plural of these words and other comparable terminology. Forward
looking statements in this document include, but are not limited
to, financial projections and estimates and their underlying
assumptions including, without limitation, assumptions regarding
present and future business strategies (including the successful
integration of HELLA within the FORVIA Group), expectations and
statements regarding FORVIA's operation of its business, and the
future operation, direction and success of FORVIA's business.
Although FORVIA believes its expectations are based on reasonable
assumptions, investors are cautioned that these forward-looking
statements are subject to numerous various risks, whether known or
unknown, and uncertainties and other factors, all of which may be
beyond the control of FORVIA and could cause actual results to
differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking
statements. For a detailed description of these risks and
uncertainties and other factors, please refer to public filings
made with the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (“AMF”),
press releases, presentations and, in particular, to those
described in the section 2."Risk factors & Risk management” of
FORVIA's 2023 Universal Registration Document filed by FORVIA with
the AMF on February 27, 2024 under number D. 24-0070 (a version of
which is available on www.forvia.com). Subject to regulatory
requirements, FORVIA does not undertake to publicly update or
revise any of these forward-looking statements whether as a result
of new information, future events, or otherwise. Any information
relating to past performance contained herein is not a guarantee of
future performance. Nothing herein should be construed as an
investment recommendation or as legal, tax, investment or
accounting advice. The historical figures related to HELLA included
in this presentation have been provided to FORVIA by HELLA within
the context of the acquisition process. These historical figures
have not been audited or subject to a limited review by the
auditors of FORVIA. HELLA remains a listed company. For more
information on HELLA, more information is available on
www.hella.com. This presentation does not constitute and should not
be construed as an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to
buy FORVIA securities.
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS
DOCUMENT
Sales growth
FORVIA’s year-on-year sales evolution is made of
three components:
-
- A “Currency effect”, calculated by applying average currency
rates for the period to the sales of the prior year,
- A “Scope effect” (acquisition/divestment),
- And “Growth at constant currencies”.
As “Scope effect”, FORVIA presents all
acquisitions/divestments, whose sales on an annual basis amount to
more than €250 million.
Other acquisitions below this threshold are
considered as “bolt-on acquisitions” and are included in “Growth at
constant currencies”.
In 2021, there was no effect from “bolt-on
acquisitions”; as a result, “Growth at constant currencies” is
equivalent to sales growth at constant scope and currencies also
presented as organic growth.
Operating income
Operating income is the FORVIA group’s principal
performance indicator. It corresponds to net income of fully
consolidated companies before:
-
- Amortization of intangible assets acquired in business
combinations.
- Other non-recurring operating income and expense, corresponding
to material, unusual and non-recurring items including
reorganization expenses and early retirement costs, the impact of
exceptional events such as the discontinuation of a business, the
closure or sale of an industrial site, disposals of non-operating
buildings, impairment losses recorded for property, plant and
equipment or intangible assets, as well as other material and
unusual losses.
- Income on loans, cash investments and marketable securities;
Finance costs.
- Other financial income and expense, which include the impact of
discounting the pension benefit obligation and the return on
related plan assets, the ineffective portion of interest rate and
currency hedges, changes in value of interest rate and currency
instruments for which the hedging relationship does not satisfy the
criteria set forth in relationship cannot be demonstrated under
IFRS 9, and gains and losses on sales of shares in
subsidiaries.
- Taxes.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is Operating income as defined
above + depreciation and amortization of assets; to be fully
compliant with the ESMA (European Securities and Markets Authority)
regulation, this term of “Adjusted EBITDA” will be used by the
Group as of January 1, 2022 instead of the term “EBITDA” that was
previously used (this means that “EBITDA” aggregates until 2021 are
comparable with ‘Adjusted EBITDA” aggregates as from 2022).
Net cash flow
Net cash flow is defined as follow: Net cash
from (used in) operating and investing activities less
(acquisitions)/disposal of equity interests and businesses (net of
cash and cash equivalents), other changes and proceeds from
disposal of financial assets. Repayment of IFRS 16 debt is not
included.
Net financial debt
Net financial debt is defined as follow: Gross
financial debt less cash and cash equivalents and derivatives
classified under non-current and current assets. It includes the
lease liabilities (IFRS 16 debt).
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