ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION
AND ANALYSIS AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis provide
information which management of the Company believes to be relevant to an assessment and understanding of the Company’s results
of operations and financial condition. This discussion should be read together with the Company’s financial statements and
the notes to the financial statements, which are included in this report.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Report contains forward-looking statements
that relate to future events or our future financial performance. Some discussions in this report may contain forward-looking statements
that involve risk and uncertainty. A number of important factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those
expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us in this Report. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words
like “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “project”
and similar words or expressions that, by their nature, refer to future events.
In some cases, you can also identify forward-looking
statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “plans,” “predicts,”
“potential,” or “continue,” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements
are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels
of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or
achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
Although we believe that the expectations
reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, or achievements.
You should not place undue certainty on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Report. These
forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially
from historical results or our predictions. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States,
we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements in an effort to conform these statements to actual results.
Company Overview
Cuentas, Inc. (the “Company”)
is a corporation formed under the laws of Florida on September 21, 2005, which focuses on the business of using proprietary technology
to provide e-banking and e-commerce services delivering mobile banking, online banking, prepaid debit and digital content services
to the unbanked, underbanked and underserved communities. The Company’s exclusivity with CIMA’s proprietary software
platform enables Cuentas to offer comprehensive financial services and additional robust functionality that is absent from other
General-Purpose Reloadable Cards (“GRP”).
The Company also uses proprietary technology
and certain licensed technology to provide innovative telecommunications and telecommunications mobility and remittance solutions
in emerging markets. The Company also offers prepaid telecommunications minutes to consumers through its Tel3 division and also
offers wholesale telecommunications minutes.
Operating Subsidiaries. The Company’s
business operations are conducted primarily through its subsidiaries, described elsewhere in this report. Its subsidiaries are
Meimoun and Mammon, LLC (100% owned), Next Cala, Inc (94% owned), NxtGn, Inc. (65% owned) and Next Mobile 360, Inc. (100% owned),
SDI Next Distribution LLC (51% owned). During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company acquired a business segment,
Tel3, from an existing corporation. Tel3 was merged into Meimoun and Mammon, LLC effective January 1, 2017.
Properties. The Company’s
headquarters are located in Miami, Florida.
Our Fintech Business
The Cuentas Fintech Card is a general-purpose
reloadable card (“GPR”) integrated into a proprietary robust ecosystem that provides customers with a FDIC bank account
at the physical point of presence where the Cuentas Fintech Card is purchased. The comprehensive financial services include:
Direct ACH Deposits
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ATM Cash Withdrawal
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Bill Pay and Online Purchases
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Money Remittance
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Peer to Peer Payments
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Mobile check deposit
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Debit Card Network Processing
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ATM Cash Withdrawals
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Cash Reload at over 40,000 retailers
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Online banking
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Major Transit Authority Tokens
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Discounted Gift Cards
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The Ecosystem includes a mobile wallet
for digital currencies, stored value card balances, prepaid telecom minutes, loyalty reward points, and any purchases made in the
Cuentas Virtual Marketplace. The Cuentas Fin Tech Card is integrated with the Los Angeles Metro, Utah Transit Authority and Grand
Rapids Transit system to store mass transit currency and pay for transit access via the Cuentas Digital Wallet
The Cuentas Fintech Card stores products
purchased in the Virtual Market Place where Tier-1 retailers, gaming currencies, amazon cash, and wireless telecom prepaid minutes
“top ups”. Additionally, well-known brand name restaurants in the marketplace automatically discount purchases at POS
when the customer pays the bill with the Cuentas Card.
The Latino Market
The name “Cuentas” is a Spanish
word that has multiple meanings and was chosen for strategic reasons, to develop a close relationship with the Spanish speaking
population. It means “Accounts” as in bank accounts and it can also mean “You can count on me” as in “Cuentas
conmigo”. Aditionally, it can be used to “Pay or settle accounts” (saldar cuentas) , accountability (rendición
de cuentas), to be accountable (rendir cuentas), and other significant meanings.
The U.S. Latino population numbers 43.8
million U.S. Immigrants, according to the 2017 FDIC Survey. It excludes immigrants, illegal aliens and undocumented individuals.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) defines the Unbankable as those adults without an account at a bank or other financial
institution and are considered to be outside the mainstream for one reason or another. The Federal Reserve estimated that there
were approximately 55 million unbanked or underbanked adult Americans in 2018, which account for 22 percent of U.S. households.
The Latino demographic is more distrusting of banking institutions and generally have more identification, credit, and former bank
account issues more so than any other U. S. minority.
The Cuentas FinTech Card is uniquely positioned
to service the Latino demographic with comprehensive financial products that do not require any visits to bank branches, and our
fees are completely transparent via the Cuentas Wallet and online banking. Most importantly our strategic banking partner, Sutton
Bank, does not require a U.S. government issued identification card.
Products
The Cuentas General-Purpose Reloadable Card (“GPR”)
The Cuentas general-purpose reloadable
(“GPR”) acts as a comprehensive banking solution marketed toward the 20 million+ unbanked U.S. Latino community (The
unbanked is described by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as those adults without an account at a bank or other
financial institution and are considered to be outside the mainstream for one reason or another. The Federal Reserve estimated
that there were approximately 55 million unbanked or underbanked adult Americans in 2018, which account for 22 percent of U.S.
households). The Cuentas GPR is uniquely enabling access to the U.S. financial system to those without the necessary paperwork
to bank at a traditional financial institution while enabling greater functionality than a traditional bank account. This proprietary
GPR card allows consumers that reside in the US to acquire a Cuentas GPR prepaid debit card using their US or Foreign Passport,
Driver’s License, Matricula Consular or certain US Residency documentation. The GPR Card provides an FDIC insured bank account
with ATM, direct deposit, cash reload, fee free Cuentas App to Cuentas App fund transfers and mobile banking capabilities, among
other key features such as purchasing discounted gift cards and adding Mass Transit Credits to digital accounts (available in California,
Connecticut, Michigan and shortly, New York City). Upcoming App upgrades will also include international remittance and other services.
Subsequent stages will see the integration of the Cuentas Store where consumers will be able to use funds in their account to purchase
3rd party digital and gift cards (many at discounted prices), US & International mobile phone top-ups, mass transportation
and tolling access (select markets - CT, NYC, Grand Rapids-MI, LA, etc.) as well as digital Content for Gaming/Dining/Shopping
and Cash reloads.
The Cuentas app is available for download
now on the Apple App Store and on the Google Play Store for Android, allows consumers to easily activate their Cuentas prepaid
Mastercard, review their account balance and conduct financial transactions. Cuentas is introducing fee free fund transfers to
friends, family and vendors that have their own Cuentas App, which will be a very useful feature to compete with other popular
Apps that charges fees for immediate fund transfers and availability on the same day.
The Cuentas Business Model
The Cuentas business model leverages profitability
from multiple revenue sources, many of which are synergistic market segments.
The Cuentas GPR card has several revenue
centers. The Company will receive a onetime activation charge for each activated GPR card and a monthly recurring charge. These
charges were designed to be very reasonable to both consumers and the Company. In addition to these charges, Cuentas will receive
a commission each time funds are loaded and reloaded to the card.
The Cuentas Wallet produces recurring profits
and is an integral part of the Cuentas offering. It will produce revenue each time that consumers purchase third party gift cards,
digital access, mass transit tickets, mobile phone topups (US & International) and more - most at discounted prices. The actual
discount is shown to the consumer and is immediately applied to their purchase, so smart shoppers will be able to get everyday
products and services at discounted prices.
The Cuentas Wallet is projected to add
several new, profitable, mass market services including bill pay and international remittances.
Cuentas Rewards offers free long distance
calling to its cardholders, who earn value with certain transactions. Our target demographic uses both internet and prepaid calling
services to communicate with family members around the US and in their country. This added benefit is designed, at a very low cost,
to provide extra benefits to our cardholders which should help to maintain and solidify valuable relationships with them.
Prepaid Debit Card Market Overview
The Research and Markets report titled
“Prepaid Card Market: Payment Trends, Market Dynamics, and Forecasts 2020 - 2025” released in January 2020 states that
“In the United States, prepaid cards remain the preferred choice for the unbanked market
segment....” It also states that “The move towards a cashless society is substantial, further driving the prepaid card
market.”
Major
competitors to Cuentas are Green Dot, American Express Serve, Netspend Prepaid, Starbucks Rewards, Walmart Money card and Akimbo
Prepaid.
Cuentas
is strategically positioned in the marketplace to have a lower monthly fee and lower reload fees than most cards. Additional benefits
and features should move the Cuentas card ahead of other offerings as consumers realize the value of the Cuentas wallet and Rewards
program.
The Cuentas Technology platform
The Cuentas technology platform is comprised
of CIMA Group’s Knetik and Auris software platforms. The platform is built on a powerful integrated component framework delivering
a variety of capabilities accessible by a set of industry standard REST-based API endpoints. In addition to handling electronic
transactions such as deposits and purchasing, the platform will have the capability of organizing virtual currencies into wallets,
essentially future proofing it in todays’ evolving financial environment. It enables the organizing of the user’s monetary
deposits into a tree-based set of wallets, through strictly enforced user permissions, to delineate proper controls in a tiered
monetary asset organizational structure, thus providing a sound basis for family and/or corporate control and distribution of funds
across individuals.
The Platform also contains a sound and
proven gamification engine, capable of driving user behaviors in a manner that entices and rewards using incentivization based
on proven behavioral science patterns. At the heart of this gamification engine lies a proven and robust rules engine which can
easily integrate and modify process flows and orchestrations between disparate platforms, allowing for a quick and easy integration
of complex, orchestrated integrations between internal process automation and invocations of external systems. The platform will
provide Android and iOS software for users to execute a wide variety of transactions including, but not limited to, account balances,
account transfers and in-app purchases. User messaging are also integrated and are achieved via SMS, email, in-app messaging, and
voice.
The user management application uses rich
metadata CRM and single-Sign-On (SSO) to track user behavior and personalize the user experience. It is fully integrated with our
Strategic Partners, scalable and manages the digital ecosystem entitlements. The platform can process both physical and virtual
goods, digital assets, real time currency value exchange, virtual currency support with current exchange rates and support nontraditional
assets, in addition to credit card, POS, Debits, and digital wallet management.
The user management application uses rich
metadata CRM and single-Sign-On (SSO) to track user behavior and personalize the user experience. The unique rules engine is capable
of all aspects of gamification: badging, questing, leveling, points consumption, leader boards, loyalty and reward points and personalization
with tracking and messaging to support behavior management. Business intelligence is used for reporting and communication of product
management via Rate Deck Management, Pinless ANI Recognition, IV and Call Flows and Access Number Management. The platform has
redundant reporting for enhanced billing and fraud control and itegrates customer service with Business Intelligence and platform
integrity
The graphic below illustrates Cuentas’
strategic agreements with Sutton Bank and InComm, Sutton Bank is the Issuer of the Cuentas GPR card while the InComm “Processor”
relationship provides access to many third party products and services.
Strategic Partners
Sutton Bank (“Sutton”)
Sutton is our issuing bank for the Cuentas
Fintech Card. Sutton provides online banking direct deposit, bank accounts, telephone support and debit functionality for our GPR
cards. Sutton is responsible for know your client (KYC) compliance and enables customers to open bank accounts electronically with
non-conventional documentation that may not be accepted at traditional banks. They accept over 13 forms of identification, which,
when used together with either Social Security or ITIN, can be used for confirmation of identity: Passport, Driver’s License,
Matricula Consular, US Residency documentation, among others.
Interactive Communications International,
Inc. (“InComm”)
On July 23, 2019, the Company entered into
a five (5) year Processing Services Agreement (“PSA”) with Incomm, a leading payments technology company, to power
and expand the Company’s GPR card network. Incomm distributes Gift and GPR Cards to over 210,000 U.S. retailers and has long
standing partnerships with over 1,000 of the most recognized brands that are eligible for Cuentas’ Discount Purchase Platform.
Through its 94% owned subsidiary, Next Cala Inc., Cuentas previously branded a GPR card program with Incomm and was paid approximately
$300,000 to develop the Mio GPR card for the telecom sector.
Under the PSA, InComm, through its VanillaDirect
network, will act as prepaid card processor and expand the Company’s GPR Card network. VanillaDirect is currently available
at major retailers such as: Walmart, Seven Eleven, Walgreens, CVS Pharmacy, Rite Aid and many more. In addition, the Company will
implement the VanillaDirect cash reload services into its 31,600 U.S. locations under SDI NEXT.
Under the PSA, Incomm will provide processing
services, Data Storage Services, Account Servicing, Reporting, Output and Hot Carding services to the Company. Processing Services
will consist mainly of Authorization and Transaction Processing Services whereas InComm will process authorizations for transactions
made with or on a Prepaid Product, and any payments or adjustments made to a Prepaid Product. InComm will also process Company’s
Data and post entries in accordance with the Specifications. Data Storage Services will consist mainly of storage of the Company’s
Data in a format that is accessible online by Company through APIs designated by InComm, subject to additional API and data sharing
terms and conditions. Incomm will also provide Web/API services for Prepaid Cuentas GPR applications and transactions.
In consideration for Incomm’s services
the company will pay an initial Program Setup & Implementation Fees in the amount of $500,000, which of $300,000 were already
paid during the first Quarter of 2020, and the balance will be paid in four equal installments of $50,000 per payment at the beginning
of the second, third, fourth and fifth anniversary of the agreement. In addition, the Company will pay a minimum monthly fee of
$30,000 starting on the fourth month of the first year following the launch of the Cuentas GPR card, $50,000 during the second
year following the launch of the Cuentas GPR card and $75,000 thereafter. The Company will as also pay 0.25% of all funds added
to the Cuentas GPR cards, excluding Vanilla Direct Reload Network and an API Services fee of $0.005 per transaction. The Company
may pay other fees as agreed between the Company and Incomm.
SDI NEXT Distribution LLC (“SDI
NEXT”)
On December 6, 2017, the Company completed
its formation of SDI NEXT Distribution in which it owns a 51% membership interest, previously announced August 24, 2017 as a Letter
of Intent with Fisk Holdings, LLC. As Managing Member of the newly formed LLC, the Company will contribute a total of $500,000,
to be paid per an agreed-upon schedule over a twelve-month period. Fisk Holdings, LLC will contribute 30,000 (thirty thousand)
active Point of Sale locations for distribution of retail telecommunications and prepaid financial products and services to include,
but not be limited to: prepaid General Purpose Reload (“GPR”) cards, prepaid gift cards, prepaid money transfer, prepaid
utility payments, and other prepaid products. The completed formation of an established distribution business for third-party gift
cards, digital content, mobile top up, financial services and digital content, which presently includes more than 31,600 U.S. active
Point of Sale locations, including store locations, convenience stores, bodegas, store fronts, etc. The parties agreed that additional
product lines may be added with unanimous decision by the Managing Members of the LLC. During 2018, it was agreed between the parties
to distribute the Company’s recently announced CUENTAS GPR card and mobile banking solution aimed to the unbanked, underbanked
and financially underserved consumers, making them available to customers at the more than 31,600 retail locations SDI presently
serves. It was also agreed between the parties to renegotiate the terms of the Company’s investment in and SDI NEXT
Distribution LLC once the development of the GPR card and the retail stores system are completed and the GPR card is ready
for distribution in the retail locations of SDI.
Cuentas is currently offering discounted
prices to its cardholders, through the Cuentas Wallet for the following digital products and services as illustrated in the graphic
below. We intend to work to increase the quantity of offerings considerably in the future.
The below graphic illustrates the elements
that Cuentas has strategically developed to provide marketplace advantages.
The Cuentas Competitive GPR Advantages
Cuentas strategic overview to augment growth
and minimize churn is illustrated below. The goal is to offer the consumer a One Stop Shop, easy to use, mobile wallet that can
solve many of their daily needs and desires while saving them time and money.
The Cuentas ECO System
The Western Union Company (“Western
Union”)
We have initiated discussions towards corporation
with The Western Union Company (“Western Union”). Western Union has been providing money transfer services around
the world for more than a century and currently has more than 500,000 Agent locations worldwide. We hope to realize its plans
for international remittance services through this potential relationship.
Results of operations for the six months
ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
Revenue
Revenues during the six months ended
June 30, 2020 totaled $251,000 compared to $564,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Company generated revenues
through the sale and distribution of prepaid telecom minutes, digital products and other related telecom services. The
Company did not generate sales from its Fintech products and services during the six months ended June 30, 2020 due to
additional developments and testing that the Company conducted on its GPR product.
Costs of Revenue
Cost of revenues during the six months
ended June 30, 2020 totaled $385,000 compared to $467,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019. Cost of revenue consists mainly
of the purchase of wholesale minutes for resale, related telecom platform costs and purchase of digital products. Since the soft
launch of the Company’s GPR Product during the second Quarter of 2020, Cost of revenue also consisted from cost related to
the sale of the Company’s GPR Card in the amount of $77,000.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses totalled $3,698,000
during the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to $1,000,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2020 representing a net increase
of $2,698,000. The increase in the operating expenses is mainly due to the increase in the amortization expense of intangible assets
in the amount of $900,000, salary cost of our officers, Stock based compensation and shares issued for services expenses.
Other Income
The Company recognized other income of
$436,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to an income $2,475,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
The net change from the prior period is mainly due to the change in our stock-based liabilities and other income in the amount
of approximately $2,362,000 due to the satisfaction of the Company’s obligation under the Approved Plan of the Reorganization
for Next Communications, Inc., that was approved by the United States Bankruptcy Court Southern District of Florida Miami Division
on January 29, 2019 pursuant to which we paid $600,000 to satisfy an obligation of approximately $2,962,000. Gain from Change in
Fair Value of stock-based liabilities for the six-month period ended June 30, 2020 was $359,000 as compared to an income of $20,000
for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019. The gain (loss) is attributable to the decrease in the Fair Value of our stock-based
liabilities mainly due to the decrease (increase) in the price of share of our common stock.
Net Income (Loss)
We incurred a net loss of $3,399,000for
the six-month period ended June 30, 2020, as compared to a net income of $1,545,000 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019.
Results of operations for the three
months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
Revenue
Revenues during the six months ended June 30, 2020 totaled $117,000
compared to $262,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The Company generated revenues through the sale and distribution
of prepaid telecom minutes, digital products and other related telecom services. The Company did not generate sales from its Fintech
products and services during the three months ended June 30, 2020 to additional developments and testing that the Company conducted
on its GPR product.
Costs of Revenue
Cost of revenues during the three months
ended June 30, 2020 totaled $208,000 compared to $230,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Cost of revenue consists mainly
of the purchase of wholesale minutes for resale, related telecom platform costs and purchase of digital products. Cost of revenue
also consisted from cost related to the sale of the Company’s GPR Card in the amount of $63,000 due to additional developments
and testing that the Company conducted on its GPR product.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses totalled $1,159,000
during the three months ended June 30, 2019, 2020 compared to $510,000 during the three months ended June 30, 2019, 2019 representing
a net increase of $649,000. The increase in the operating expenses is mainly due to the increase in the amortization expense of
intangible assets in the amount of $450,000.
Other Income
The Company recognized other income of
$14,000 during the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to an income $2,370,000 during the three months ended June 30, 2019.
The net change from the prior period is mainly due to the change in our stock-based liabilities and other income in the amount
of approximately $2,362,000 due to the satisfaction of the Company’s obligation under the Approved Plan of the Reorganization
for Next Communications, Inc., that was approved by the United States Bankruptcy Court Southern District of Florida Miami Division
on January 29, 2019 pursuant to which we paid $600,000 to satisfy an obligation of approximately $2,962,000.
Net Income (Loss)
We incurred a net loss of $1,236,000 for
the three-month period ended June 30, 2020, as compared to a net income of $1,865,000 for the three-month period ended June 30,
2019.
Inflation and Seasonality
In management’s opinion, our results
of operations have not been materially affected by inflation or seasonality, and management does not expect that inflation risk
or seasonality would cause material impact on our operations in the future.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is the ability of a company to
generate funds to support its current and future operations, satisfy its obligations, and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis.
Significant factors in the management of liquidity are funds generated by operations, levels of accounts receivable and accounts
payable and capital expenditures.
As of June 30, 2020, we had cash and cash
equivalents of $22,000 as compared to $16,000 as of December 31, 2019. As of June 30, 2020, we had a working capital deficit of
$3,507,000 thousand, as compared to a deficit of $3,752,000 as of December 31, 2019. The decrease in our working capital deficit
was mainly attributable to the decrease of $599,000 in our stocked based liabilities which was mitigated by the increase of $383,000
in our Accounts Payables.
Net cash used in operating activities was
$1,011,000 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2020, as compared to cash used in operating activities of $784,000 for the six-month
period ended June 30, 2019. The Company’s primary uses of cash have been for professional support and working capital purposes.
Net cash provided by financing activities
was approximately $1,017,000 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2020, as compared to net cash provided by financing activities
was approximately $690,000 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019. We have principally financed our operations in 2019 through
the sale of our common stock to private investors, issuance of convertible loans debt and loans from our shareholders.
Due to our operational losses, we have
principally financed our operations through the sale of our Common Stock and the issuance of convertible debt.
Despite the Capital raise that we have
conducted the above conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Although we anticipate
that cash resources will be available to the Company through its current operations, it believes existing cash will not be sufficient
to fund planned operations and projects investments through the next 12 months. Therefore, we are still striving to increase our
sales, attain profitability and raise additional funds for future operations. Any meaningful equity or debt financing will likely
result in significant dilution to our existing stockholders. There is no assurance that additional funds will be available on terms
acceptable to us, or at all.
Since inception, we have financed our cash
flow requirements through issuance of common stock, related party advances and debt. As we expand our activities, we may, and most
likely will, continue to experience net negative cash flows from operations. Additionally, we anticipate obtaining additional financing
to fund operations through common stock offerings, to the extent available, or to obtain additional financing to the extent necessary
to augment our working capital. In the future we need to generate sufficient revenues from sales in order to eliminate or reduce
the need to sell additional stock or obtain additional loans. There can be no assurance we will be successful in raising the necessary
funds to execute our business plan.
We anticipate that we will incur operating
losses in the next twelve months. Our lack of operating history makes predictions of future operating results difficult to ascertain.
Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their
early stage of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets. Such risks for us include, but are not
limited to, an evolving and unpredictable business model and the management of growth.
To address these risks, we must, among
other things, implement and successfully execute our business and marketing strategy surrounding our Cuentas braded general-purpose
reloadable cards, continually develop and upgrade our website, respond to competitive developments, lower our financing costs and
specifically our accounts receivable factoring costs, and attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel. There can be no assurance
that we will be successful in addressing such risks, and the failure to do so can have a material adverse effect on our business
prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As at June 30, 2020, we had no off-balance
sheet arrangements of any nature.
Critical Accounting Policies
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires our management to make assumptions, estimates
and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements, including the notes thereto, and related disclosures
of commitments and contingencies, if any. Note 3 to our consolidated audited financial statements filed with the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 describes the significant accounting policies and methods
used in the preparation of our financial statements. We consider our critical accounting policies to be those related to intangible
assets, going concern share-based payments because they are both important to the portrayal of our financial condition and require
management to make judgments and estimates about uncertain matters.
Recent Accounting Standards announced
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair
Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The
amendments apply to reporting entities that are required to make disclosures about recurring or nonrecurring fair value measurements
and should improve the cost, benefit, and effectiveness of the disclosures. ASU 2018-13 categorized the changes into those disclosures
that were removed, those that were modified, and those that were added. The primary disclosures that were removed related to transfers
between Level 1 and Level 2 investments, along with the policy for timing of transfers between levels. In addition, disclosing
the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements was removed. The amendments are effective for all organizations for
fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The
Company notes that this guidance will impact its disclosures beginning January 1, 2020.
In
June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses
on Financial Instruments”. In November 2018, FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326,
Financial Instruments-Credit Losses”, which amends the scope and transition requirements of ASU 2016-13. Topic 326 requires
a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected
to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical
experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount.
Topic 326 will originally become effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted, on a modified
retrospective approach. As a smaller reporting company, the effective date for the Company has been delayed until fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2022, in accordance with ASU 2019-10, although early adoption is still permitted. This standard is
not expected to have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements after evaluation.
In
December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments
in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and
clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to improve consistent application among reporting entities. ASU 2019-12 is effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022,
though early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued.
This standard is not expected to have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements after evaluation.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
The
significant accounting policies applied in the annual financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2019 are applied consistently
in these financial statements.