Washington, D.C. 20549
Notice of Exempt Solicitation
Pursuant to Rule 14a-103
Name of the Registrant: Wells Fargo & Company
Name of persons relying on exemption: American Baptist Home Mission
Society
Address of persons relying on exemption: Investor Advocates for Social
Justice (formerly the Tri-State Coalition for Responsible Investment), 40 S Fullerton Ave, Montclair, NJ 07042
Written materials are submitted pursuant to Rule 14a-6(g)(1) promulgated
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Submission is not required of this filer under the terms of the Rule, but is made voluntarily
in the interest of public disclosure and consideration of these important issues.
The proponents urge stockholders to vote FOR Proposal 8, the shareholder
proposal requesting a report on respect for Indigenous Peoples’ rights at Wells Fargo’s annual shareholder meeting to be
held on April 30, 2024.
Summary of the Proposal
Investors request reporting on the effectiveness of Wells Fargo’s
policies, practices, and performance indicators in respecting internationally recognized human rights standards for Indigenous Peoples’
rights in its existing and proposed general corporate and project financing.
Support for this proposal is warranted and in the best interest
of shareholders because:
| 1. | Wells Fargo is exposed to litigation, reputational, and regulatory risk if it finances projects or clients developing projects
that violate the rights of Indigenous Peoples; |
| 2. | Wells Fargo faces significant risk if its financing is inconsistent with its own commitments; and |
| 3. | Wells Fargo’s current due diligence systems appear ineffective at mitigating risks related to Indigenous Peoples. |
1. Wells Fargo is Exposed to Significant Risk if it Finances
Projects or Clients Developing Projects that Violate the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Significant risks companies may face for causing or contributing to
Indigenous Rights violations include reputational damage, project delays and disruptions, litigation, and criminal charges.1
According to a 2023 report, Indigenous Peoples compose about 6.2% of the world's population but are impacted by at least 34% of environmental
conflicts globally.2 The sectors with the most significant impacts on Indigenous communities
are mining, fossil fuels, agriculture, and dam construction. Impacts from these projects that constitute Indigenous Rights violations
include loss of biodiversity, deforestation, displacement, water and soil degradation, and gender-based violence.3
Evident by Wells Fargo’s connection to high-profile projects
or clients developing projects that violate Indigenous Rights, investors are concerned that the Company’s risk management frameworks
and policies are ineffective or have significant gaps. For example, Wells Fargo is in the top ten contributors to Enbridge, providing
$3.86 billion in financing.4 Enbridge has been connected to multiple completed and ongoing
projects that have violated Indigenous Rights, including its Line 3 and Line 5 pipeline reroutes, Rio Bravo pipeline, and Valley Crossing
pipeline. Wells Fargo is subject to public campaigns and grassroots protests calling on the bank to stop its financing relationship with
Enbridge.5
This communication does not seek authority to vote any shareholder’s
proxy, and no proxy cards will be accepted. Please vote your proxies in accordance with the instructions in Wells Fargo’s proxy
statement.
Most recently, Indigenous communities oppose the construction of Enbridge’s
Rio Bravo Pipeline and the already constructed Valley Crossing Pipeline in south Texas. Members of the Carrizo Comecrudo Tribe of Texas,
which has ancestral ties to the South Texas Rio Grande Delta and lives in the area, have vocally opposed these projects. Both pipelines
pass close to the Garcia Pasture site, a pre-Columbian village which is the burial site of the Carrizo Comecrudo Tribe’s ancestors.
Garcia Pasture is described by the World Monuments as “one of America’s premier archaeological sites” and is listed
on the National Park Service’s list of historic sites.6 Landowners whose property
lines in the pathway of the pipelines face land seizure through “eminent domain,” including members of the Carrizo Comecrudo
Tribe.7 Local communities fear explosions, leaks and other pipeline failures. Of the
613 pipeline incidents reported last year, 243 incidents occurred in Texas, including three fatalities and 12 injuries, according to the
US Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.8
A large sinkhole occurred during the construction of the Valley Crossing Pipeline in 2018.9
Opponents of the pipeline state it will destroy acres of wetlands and
the habitats of threatened and endangered plant and animal species.10 The Carrizo Comecrudo
Tribe is among the groups that have made several challenges to the Rio Bravo pipeline and the Rio Grande LNG facility it will feed because
of the environmental, health, and cultural impact. In a dissenting opinion after the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) denied
a request to stop construction of the Rio Bravo pipeline and the Rio Grande Valley LNG, FERC Commissioner Allison Clements stated, “this
case is fundamentally about environmental justice.”11 She added that denying a
stay meant communities face “imminent, irreparable injury.” A further lawsuit to stop the project was filed in February, stating
that FERC had failed to adequately assess the environmental justice impacts and greenhouse gas emissions in contravention of the National
Environmental Policy Act.12 Additionally, the export terminal sites are proposed near
an existing SpaceX facility that routinely launches explosive rockets that dump debris on the methane sites, raising public safety and
cost concerns by communities and regulators.13
Juan Mancias, chair of the Carrizo Comecrudo tribe, stated in a press
interview, “When you steal the land, you’re stealing us. And you’re taking away our identity, because you fence it off
and you don’t allow us into the land where our ancestors are buried, where we remember our ceremonies and rituals.”14
Société Générale and BNP Paribas have withdrawn funding from the Rio Bravo project, in part due to significant
opposition from Indigenous communities and environmental defenders.15
Enbridge has also faced recent backlash for its Line 3 and Line 5 pipeline
reroute projects, which violate numerous rights of Indigenous Peoples as protected by international law, including the rights to free,
prior, and informed consent (FPIC); health; culture; religion; security; and assembly.16
Though the Company did not provide any project-related financing for Line 3, this argument is moot because Enbridge did not seek any project
financing, instead funding the $7 billion pipeline through general corporate finance. According to the Sightline Institute, “If
Enbridge lost access to its credit facilities or other financial services from major investment banks, the company would face severe financial
constraints. It might have no choice but to abandon the Line 3 project outright.”17
This communication does not seek authority to vote any shareholder’s
proxy, and no proxy cards will be accepted. Please vote your proxies in accordance with the instructions in Wells Fargo’s proxy
statement.
In particular, Line 3 threatens the quality of water needed for growing
manoomin, or wild rice, a critical cultural resource for the Anishinaabe.18 Significant
social risks have already materialized for Line 3, Line 5, and its financiers through litigation, ongoing opposition led by Indigenous
Peoples, allegations of civil rights abuses, investigations into treaty violations, and environmental damages.19
The militarized response to Line 3 protests and alleged violation of constitutional rights amplifies legal and reputational risks to
Citi and its shareholders. Enbridge reimbursed U.S. law enforcement over $2 million for policing protests against Line 3, which has
been tied to harassment, surveillance, illegal blockades, allegations of torture (pain compliance), and use of “less-than-lethal”
weapons.20 Over 900 arrests, citations, and charges have been levied against Water Protectors,
many of which are allegedly disproportionate or excessive.21 Line 3 has additionally
been tied to instances of human trafficking and violence against women.22
Line 5 follows a similar pattern of civil rights abuses, treaty violations,
and environmental damages. One of the most serious indications of the severity of Indigenous opposition to Line 5 is reflected by the
Bay Mills Indian Community's formal resolution banishing Line 5 from its reservation in 2021. The significance of "banishment"
is described by the Bay Mills Indian Community as: "[A] traditional, historical, and customary form of tribal law that has existed
since time immemorial and is only exercised by Bay Mills Indian Community when egregious acts and misconduct have harmed our tribal citizens,
treaty rights, territories, and resources."23 Enbridge illegally continues operating
Line 5 on Bad River Band territory after the easements expired in 2013, as determined in a 2022 ruling.24
In April 2021, Michigan’s twelve federally recognized Tribal Nations and Governor Whitmer sent a letter to President Biden requesting
the decommission of Line 5. The letter cites multiple permit violations, human trafficking risks, and irreversible climate impacts.25
In 2023, a Wisconsin judge ordered Enbridge to pay $5.1 million for trespassing on Bad River Band territory and Enbridge must remove
its pipeline from where it’s illegally operating within three years.26 (Arguments
were heard in February on Enbridge’s appeal from the order.27)
Lines 3 and 5 additionally present significant regulatory and litigation
risk as they are connected to oil spills and other environmental harms. Line 3 has a history of ruptures, with over 800 documented spills
in the last 15 years.28 Many of which resulted in costly cleanup and persisting impacts
that pose risks to the environment and human health. For example, Enbridge’s Line 6B pipeline was responsible for the Kalamazoo
River oil spill, which contaminated 39 miles of water resources and cost the company over $1 billion in cleanup.29
Line 3 is responsible for the largest inland oil spill in U.S. history, releasing 1.7 million gallons of crude oil onto the Prairie
River in Minnesota.30 Most recently, March 2022 reports show that Enbridge crews ruptured
three groundwater aquifers while building the replacement pipeline, releasing more than 300 million gallons of groundwater.31
The first breach of about 50 million gallons was not known to regulators for months, and poses significant risk to a rare wetland area.
It took Enbridge a year to stop the flow, and the company received a $3.32 million fine.32
Since coming online in fall 2021, Line 3’s reroute has breached four aquifers, incurring over $11 million in fines.33
The breaches present risks to wild rice waters and violate the White Earth Band of Ojibwe's water quality standards and ordinances.34
Line 5 is similarly connected to multiple violations of water appropriation
permits, water discharge permits, and wetland permits.35 Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer
canceled Enbridge’s certification for Line 5, citing findings that Enbridge had repeatedly violated terms of the public trust doctrine
that put the environment at risk.36 Wisconsin’s Department of Natural Resources
Director defends this action by asserting that “Enbridge’s historic failures and current non-compliance present too great
a risk to our Great Lakes and the people who depend upon them.” Line 5 has spilled 33 times and at least 1.1 million gallons
since 1968.37 The pipeline, which was designed with a 50-year lifespan, or until
2003, continues to operate with significant safety concerns. Anchor strikes have dented and gashed underwater pipes.38
Enbridge’s contractors caused severe damage to the pipeline in 2019, which was missed by Enbridge’s safety measures and went
undiscovered until 2020.39 The EPA fined Enbridge $6.7 million for failing to repair
dents that indicated metal loss or cracking in 2020.40 Citi is exposed to ongoing material
risk through its financial relationship with Enbridge as the company continues to develop projects that violate Indigenous Rights and
pose risks to the environment and climate. Wells Fargo is exposed to ongoing risk through its financial relationship with Enbridge as
the company continues to develop projects that violate Indigenous Rights and pose risks to the environment and climate.
This communication does not seek authority to vote any shareholder’s
proxy, and no proxy cards will be accepted. Please vote your proxies in accordance with the instructions in Wells Fargo’s proxy
statement.
2. Wells Fargo Faces Significant Risk if its Financing is Inconsistent
With its Own Commitments
Wells Fargo’s financing activities violate the rights of Indigenous
Peoples, misaligned with the Company’s own policies and commitments. Despite seeking to “respect the rights of Indigenous
Peoples” throughout business activities, Wells Fargo continues to finance companies and projects like Enbridge Line 3, Line 5, Rio
Bravo Pipeline, and Valley Crossing Pipeline that violate Indigenous rights. The Company faces reputational risk if it continues financing
projects and companies that are tied to high profile human rights violations. Wells Fargo’s philanthropy with Native communities
and its relationships with Indigenous clients do not shield the company from significant risk connected to insufficient due diligence
on Indigenous rights.
In addition to Wells Fargo’s commitments on Indigenous Peoples,
its financing activities appear inconsistent with the Company’s own climate commitments. For example, Wells Fargo adopted
a net zero financed greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 goal. Inconsistent with this, the Line 3 expansion doubled the pipeline’s previous
capacity, with estimated emissions equivalent to 50 coal plants.41 The new pipeline
has a lifespan that will extend beyond 2050, inconsistent with the IPCC conclusion that requires limiting global warming to 1.5°C
above pre-industrial levels by 2050.42 The state of Minnesota estimated that Line 3
presents $287 billion in social climate cost over 30 years.43 Though Wells Fargo recognizes
the challenge of the climate crisis and is “committed to aligning our activities to support the goals of the Paris Agreement,”
it faces material risk if its financing activities violate human rights and contribute to the climate crisis.44
3. Wells Fargo’s Current Due Diligence Systems Appear Ineffective
at Mitigating Risks Related to Indigenous Peoples
Investors lack evidence of effective due diligence surrounding the
rights of Indigenous Peoples. Wells Fargo’s current commitments to FPIC are vague and lack enforceability. For example, the Company’s
Indigenous Peoples Statement lacks reference to the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), which is recognized as
the most widely accepted human rights instrument in defining FPIC. Notably, Wells Fargo recently withdrew from the Equator Principles
(EP), a framework for financial institutions to manage environmental and social risks. Even so, the EPs do not apply to the Company’s
general corporate financing activities, where Wells Fargo is exposed to the most salient risks. Furthermore, Wells Fargo states that its
due diligence approach is informed by the International Finance Corporation’s (IFC) E&S Performance Standards, which includes
FPIC. Wells Fargo does not commit to ensure its clients respect Indigenous Rights, nor does it commit to applying the IFC standards across
all of its financing relationships. Even if Wells Fargo applied the IFC standards across all its financing relationships, the approach
would still fall short at respecting Indigenous Peoples’ rights. The IFC standards have been criticized for narrowly defining FPIC
and limiting its scope of applicability.45 The ambiguity surrounding FPIC within the
IFC Standards has drawn criticism for diminishing the essence of this right and thus limiting its ability to mitigate material risk.46
For example, the IFC Standards only apply to project-specific financing, and it provides unclear criteria on when to apply FPIC guidance.
This communication does not seek authority to vote any shareholder’s
proxy, and no proxy cards will be accepted. Please vote your proxies in accordance with the instructions in Wells Fargo’s proxy
statement.
Wells Fargo’s Environmental and Social Risk Management (ESRM)
Policy does not include a formal commitment to respect the right to FPIC. Respecting FPIC is vital to implementing effective and meaningful
risk management systems related to Indigenous Rights.47 As is the case with the Dakota
Access Pipeline (DAPL), Line 3, and Line 5, projects that violate FPIC expose Wells Fargo to material risks such as litigation, fines,
project delays or cancellations, and reputational damage.48 It is unclear how effective
Wells Fargo’s ESRM process is at managing risks associated with financing companies like Enbridge, given Enbridge's pattern of litigation,
project delays, allegations of Indigenous Rights violations, environmental disasters, and reputational damage. Between 1999 and 2013,
Enbridge’s pipeline systems were connected to 1,068 spills, a total of 7.4 million gallons of oil and averaging 71 spills per year.49
Since 2000, the company has paid over $270 million in penalties and fines, largely related to environmental offenses.50
Though Enbridge has an Indigenous Peoples policy, it has been criticized for including weak commitments around the United Nations Declaration
on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, lacking a formal commitment to FPIC as a right, and for presenting insufficient disclosure around
social risks.51 Notably, Enbridge projects have consistently been tied to violation
of Indigenous Rights. Enbridge purchased a significant stake in DAPL, which was projected to cost $3.8 billion but ultimately incurred
$7.5 billion in costs due to social impacts.52 Wells Fargo, a major financier of DAPL
itself, was the subject of numerous divestment campaigns and public protests.53 The
cities of Seattle, WA and Davis, CA voted in 2017 to pull a total of $3.1 billion in annual cash flow from Wells Fargo in response
to its role financing DAPL.54 In March 2022, investors representing over $2 trillion
in AUM sent a letter to Wells Fargo expressing concern related to Line 3 regarding how Wells Fargo is meeting its own policies on Indigenous
Peoples and net zero financed greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 goal.55
Conclusion
Wells Fargo and its investors are exposed to significant risk if it
continues to finance projects and clients developing projects that violate the rights of Indigenous Peoples and exacerbate the climate
crisis. Proponents encourage all Wells Fargo shareholders to support Item 8, shareholder proposal on Respect for Indigenous Peoples’
Rights, at the Wells Fargo Annual Meeting of Shareholders on April 30, 2024.
For questions regarding Proposal 8, please contact: Jillianne Lyon,
Program Director at Investor Advocates for Social Justice and representative of the American Baptist Home Mission Society, via email:
jlyon@iasj.org or phone: 973-509-8800.
1 https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/sites/default/files/attached-files/social_cost_and_material_loss_0.pdf
2 https://www.aaas.org/news/global-extractive-and-industrial-projects-disproportionately-impact-indigenous-peoples
3 https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/BriefingNote6_GREY.pdf
; https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf
4 https://www.ran.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/RAN-Briefing_Line3_KXL.pdf
5 https://www.desmog.com/2021/05/10/climate-and-indigenous-protesters-across-4-continents-pressure-banks-to-defundline3/
6 https://www.wmf.org/project/garcia-pasture
7 https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/default/files/sce/lower-rio-grande-valley-group/Pipeline-Docs/RB%20Fact%20Sheet%20Tool%20Kit.pdf
8 https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/pipeline-incident-20-year-trends
9 https://www.sierraclub.org/texas/blog/2018/07/valley-crossing-pipeline-exercise-corporate-trickery
10 https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/2022-10/RGV_LNG_2022_FINAL_WEB_0.pdf
11 https://www.ferc.gov/news-events/news/commissioner-clements-dissent-regarding-rio-grande-lng-llc-rio-bravo-pipeline
12 https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/default/files/2024-02/Rio%20Grande%20D.C.%20Motion%20to%20Expedite%20-%20Court%20Stamped.pdf
This communication does not seek authority to vote any shareholder’s
proxy, and no proxy cards will be accepted. Please vote your proxies in accordance with the instructions in Wells Fargo’s proxy
statement.
13 https://ieefa.org/resources/building-lng-terminal-close-rocket-launches-could-prove-costly
14 https://www.texastribune.org/2022/10/18/texas-lng-natural-gas-export-terminals-brownsville-comecrudo-tribe/
15 https://www.offshore-technology.com/news/rio-grande-lng-withdrawal-societe-general/?cf-view
16 https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/sites/default/files/attached-files/cerd_request_line_3_pipeline.pdf
17 https://www.sightline.org/2018/09/18/how-enbridges-bankers-fund-a-tar-sands-pipeline/
18 https://www.popsci.com/environment/line-3-indigenous-wild-rice/
19 https://thecirclenews.org/environment/u-n-issues-letter-regarding-violations-of-anishinaabe-human-rights/
20 https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/how-oil-company-pays-police-target-pipeline-protesters
; https://www.protestlaw.org/line3 ; https://www.vogue.com/article/letter-from-a-jailed-line-3-water-protector
21 https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/minnesota/articles/2021-10-04/criminal-cases-against-line-3-protesters-clog-court-system
22 https://minnesotareformer.com/2021/03/08/shelter-reports-assaults-harassment-linked-to-line-3-pipeline-workers/
; https://www.vice.com/en/article/g5gkpw/four-enbridge-pipeline-workers-linked-to-sex-trafficking-minnesota
23 https://narf.org/nill/documents/20210510BayMills_banish_Enbridge.pdf?_ga=2.239143744.2105983367.1624287541-1503385769.1619537483
24 https://michiganadvance.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/20515906551-1.pdf
25 https://d99d2e8d-06c9-433b-915d-f6e381b1acd4.usrfiles.com/ugd/d99d2e_2ebc5e8b59c547a0847c7a7ed1831522.pdf
26 https://www.wpr.org/energy/judge-orders-enbridge-shut-down-part-wisconsin-oil-pipeline-3-years
27 https://www.wpr.org/news/federal-court-arguments-bad-river-enbridge-appeal-line-5-shutdown
28 https://www.stopline3.org/issues#:~:text=They've%20had%20over%20800,Rapids%2C%20MN%2C%20in%201991.
29 https://www.mlive.com/news/kalamazoo/2020/07/10-years-ago-kalamazoo-river-oil-spill-was-an-awakening-in-pipeline-debate.html
30 https://www.mprnews.org/story/2021/03/03/30-years-ago-grand-rapids-oil-spill
31 https://www.startribune.com/enbridge-crews-punctured-three-aquifers-during-line-3-oil-pipeline-construction-dnr-says/600158140/
32 https://www.startribune.com/enbridge-crews-punctured-three-aquifers-during-line-3-oil-pipeline-construction-dnr-says/600158140/
33 https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/enbridge-oil-pipeline-construction-breaches-4th-aquifer-in-northern-minnesota/
34 https://www.mprnews.org/story/2021/08/05/line-3-white-earth-argues-dnr-water-permit-violates-wild-rice-rights
35 https://d99d2e8d-06c9-433b-915d-f6e381b1acd4.usrfiles.com/ugd/d99d2e_2ebc5e8b59c547a0847c7a7ed1831522.pdf
36 https://www.michigan.gov/whitmer/news/press-releases/2020/11/13/governor-whitmer-takes-action-to-shut-down-the-line-5-dual-pipelines-through-the-straits-of-mackina
37 https://www.mlive.com/news/2017/04/enbridge_line_5_spill_history.html
38 https://www.oilandwaterdontmix.org/problem
39 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/line-five-environment-great-lakes-1.6120882
40 https://www.mlive.com/news/us-world/2020/06/epa-fines-enbridge-67m-over-pipeline-safety-issues-across-minnesota-and-wisconsin.html
41 https://mn350.org/giant-step-backward/
42 https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/#:~:text=Limiting%20warming%20to%201.5%C2%B0C%20implies%20reaching%20net%20zero,particularly%20methane%20(high%20confidence).
43 https://www.mprnews.org/story/2018/06/18/line-3-enbridge-oil-pipeline-hearings-day1
44 https://newsroom.wf.com/English/news-releases/news-release-details/2021/Wells-Fargo-Sets-Goal-to-Achieve-Net-Zero-Greenhouse-Gas-Emissions-by-2050/default.aspx
45 https://wilj.law.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/1270/2014/04/Baker_print.pdf
46 https://nomogaia.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/PS7-at-the-IFC-Part-1-FPIC.pdf
47 https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/fpic-the-right-to-decide.pdf
48 https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/sites/default/files/attached-files/social_cost_and_material_loss_0.pdf
49 https://www.oilandwaterdontmix.org/enbridge_safety_record
50 https://violationtracker.goodjobsfirst.org/parent/enbridge
51 https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/2018/12/18/enbridges-discussion-paper-indigenous-rights-and-relationships-north-american-energy
52 https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/sites/default/files/attached-files/social_cost_and_material_loss_0.pdf
53 https://www.americanbanker.com/news/can-bank-divestment-stop-the-dakota-access-pipeline
; https://www.whsv.com/content/news/Several-protest-bank-over-DAPL-funding-413643373.html
54 https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/08/514133514/two-cities-vote-to-pull-more-than-3-billion-from-wells-fargo-over-dakota-pipelin
55 https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/sites/default/files/attached-files/line_3_investor_statement_sign-on_2022-03-30_final.pdf
This communication does not seek authority to vote any shareholder’s
proxy, and no proxy cards will be accepted. Please vote your proxies in accordance with the instructions in Wells Fargo’s proxy
statement.
Wells Fargo (NYSE:WFC-Q)
Historical Stock Chart
Von Apr 2024 bis Mai 2024
Wells Fargo (NYSE:WFC-Q)
Historical Stock Chart
Von Mai 2023 bis Mai 2024