TIDMSAL

RNS Number : 8837A

SpaceandPeople PLC

30 May 2023

SpaceandPeople plc

("SpaceandPeople" or the "Group")

Final Results for the year ended 31 December 2022

SpaceandPeople (AIM:SAL) the retail, promotional and brand experience specialist, is pleased to announce its final results for the year ended 31 December 2022.

Financial Highlights

   --      Revenue of GBP5.5 million (2021: GBP4.0 million and 2020: GBP2.8 million) 
   --      Operating loss of GBP9k (2021: profit of GBP0.15 million and 2020: loss of GBP3.57 million) 
   --      EBITDA before government grant support of GBP0.3 million (2021: negative GBP0.1 million) 

-- Basic Loss per Share before non-recurring charges and discontinued operation of 11.0p (2021: earnings of 8.8p)

-- Cash at the year-end of GBP1.9 million (2021: GBP1.4 million). Cash available (including undrawn facilities) at the year-end of GBP2.6 million (2021: GBP2.1 million)

Operational Highlights

   --      Continued recovery in both UK and German markets 
   --      Launch of Rock Up and Pop Up kiosk programme 
   --      First kiosks operational in Austria 

Chair's Statement

2022 witnessed the end of the lockdowns that had so affected your company over the last few years and I again wish to thank all of our staff and management across the business for their hard work and support in 2022 as well as their continued commitment to the Group.

While profitability was slightly lower compared with the prior year, this masks a significant return to top line growth across the UK and German businesses as operations returned to closer to pre-pandemic norms. The focus on ensuring the business was in the best shape it could be for the recovery has been rewarded in the shape of the revenue growth achieved of 38% to GBP5.5m. At a profit level, the significant levels of government support seen in prior years were phased out and have been offset by the contribution from the revenue increase resulting in operating performance being almost break even for the year.

Key business developments and the financial performance of the Group are covered in more detail in Nancy Cullen's CEO Report and Gregor Dunlay's Operating and Financial Review.

Management is clear on the strategic growth opportunities in the UK and Europe and there is the necessary capital, resource, skills and ambition within the business to achieve these. A major focus in 2023 will be on retaining the Group's contract to provide services to Network Rail, which it is anticipated will be re-tendered during 2023.

Your business is a strongly cash generative one which has limited capital expenditure needs and, as I noted last year, we will look to return to paying dividends at a suitably prudent time when reserves permit.

There have been a number of changes in the composition of your Board with John Scott and Michael Brown joining as non-executive directors, bringing extensive relevant experience in the retail and marketing sectors. I would also like to thank Steve Curtis, who steps down at the upcoming Annual General Meeting, for his significant contribution to the Group across his nine years on the Board. I would again like to thank all colleagues for their support and input throughout the year and hope to continue that success in growing the business in the year ahead.

George Watt

Chair

26 May 2023

Chief Executive Officer's Review

Introduction

I write this report with huge sense of relief as it is my first time as Chief Executive that our figures have only been slightly affected by Covid. I am also happy to report that these results show strong revenue growth and have been accomplished this year without the substantial levels of government support that were received in 2021. This represents a major achievement for this business which was so badly affected by lockdowns during the pandemic.

During the year we have built back business strongly in the UK and Germany to the point where, in December 2022, the UK promotional business experienced its strongest sales month on record as well as introducing a new product to our market which is already showing good growth potential.

We are also starting to look at European expansion and, in October 2022 installed the first of our mall kiosks in Austria, using our German business as the hub for this operation.

UK

Trading started relatively slowly in 2022 across both the UK and German businesses due to fears over the new omicron variant of Covid which affected both our retail and brand businesses. However, unlike 2021, this was short lived and by the end of Q1 we began to see demand build back positively across all sectors.

Our brand business was badly affected by Covid in 2020 and 2021 and has taken some time to rebuild to 2019 levels, however, a long hot summer led to multiple requests from brands for outdoor sites and then, during the second half of 2022, we recorded some of the best revenues that we have seen in the 23 year history of SpaceandPeople. This business is an important and high profile aspect of our work and therefore seeing demand for this media build back has been significant for both our client venues and for SpaceandPeople.

We also launched our new website www.experientialspace.co.uk in January 2022. This is an online platform enabling media buyers and agencies to view our venues, promotional sites, prices, demographics and footfall in real time. This is proving to be a successful planning tool for agency clients and we look forward to providing further enhanced services for brand and media agencies over the coming 12 months.

The mall retail business has remained steady since our venues reopened post Covid and has proved remarkably resilient in the face of competition presented by vacant shop units. Many of the operators that were trading pre Covid have remained in the malls and we have been delighted to see so many new concepts in retail now taking mall space - this includes products, services and food/drink retailing.

We were excited to roll out our new retail solution aimed at stimulating new and online retail businesses to trial physical retail. Rock Up and Pop Up offers a complete solution to nascent retailers providing them with an end-to-end retail solution including a fully designed and installed kiosk, space at top UK Shopping Centres and, if required, retail staff. At the end of 2022, we had three kiosks trading and we are looking to expand this service throughout 2023 and beyond. As at the date of this report we have four kiosks in operation with a further four being installed in June 2023. The Rock Up service allows us to appeal to a whole new generation of retailers with the ultimate aim of creating new long-term retail unit tenants at our clients' centres.

During the year we also renewed our ISO 9001,14001 and 45001 accreditations which relate to the quality of our business processes, operational expertise and management. SpaceandPeople's rigour relating to compliance is unique in our marketplace and our absolute attention to providing venues with compliant, timely and detailed paperwork is something that offers our client venues real reassurance regarding the quality of bookings that take place in their venues.

Germany

Our German business was significantly affected by Covid restrictions and the emergence of the omicron variant in January 2022. However, similar to the UK, it built the retail business back in 2022 with overall revenue of GBP1.3 million (2021: GBP0.9 million).

With business returning to more normal levels, we started looking at European expansion and, during the year, began our first trial within Austria with an initial two retail units with ECE. We are now in discussions with other property companies in respect of the Austrian opportunity.

We are ever mindful of the cost impact of our operations in both countries and in 2022 our German team moved into cheaper, central Hamburg offices which contributed to a GBP0.2 million reduction in administration costs.

Outlook

It has been fantastic to see revenues grow back in both the UK and Germany after a prolonged period of turbulence for SpaceandPeople. We have rebuilt the business, won significant new venues, developed new products and produced a near break-even operating result without the support of Government money, so there is much to celebrate.

I am also delighted that we significantly added to our team in the year - recruiting additional staff across both marketing and sales enabling us to continue to service our venue base.

We have started 2023 in a strong position with the staffing, venue opportunity and business structure in place to continue our drive to dominate the UK market and to continue to grow across Europe with our new business concepts.

SpaceandPeople throughout its 23-year history has been a strong and resilient business and we are able, in 2023, to continue this growth trajectory without adding significantly to our cost base. We look to 2023 and beyond with confidence.

Nancy Cullen

Chief Executive Officer

26 May 2023

Operating and Financial Review

We were pleased to see a gradual return to more normal trading conditions during 2022 compared with the "stop/start" nature of lockdowns and restrictions that had continued into 2021. At the start of 2022, promoter sentiment was still affected by the government messaging in December 2021 that pandemic cases were surging again, even though venues remained open. In Germany, the requirement to wear facemasks and provide proof of vaccination continued into the Spring of 2022, again, acting as a constraint on the return to normal trading. Thankfully, as the year progressed, these issues did not recur and confidence in booking promotions returned both in the UK and Germany.

Although the effects of the pandemic dissipated during the year, retailers and promoters were not immune to increased costs, wage inflation and interest rate increases. This had a material effect on a number of retailers, especially those who sell lifestyle products. One of the benefits of the Group's business model is that we are focused on refreshing the offer in the venues we trade with on a regular basis. The sales teams and venue managers work hard to replace traders who are struggling or are no longer attractive to the venues and therefore look to mitigate the risk from business failure. The Group has been prudent in recognising revenue from traders who are potentially distressed.

Pleasingly, the positive effect of not having any lockdowns and restrictions outweighed more recent macroeconomic challenges and revenue increased by 38% to GBP5.5 million and gross profit increased by 37% to GBP3.9 million, with all business areas performing significantly better than in 2021.

An operating loss before non-recurring charges of GBP9k in 2022 is slightly lower than the profit of GBP0.15 million achieved in 2021, however, this was achieved with GBP0.61 million less of Covid salary support and grants and demonstrates the continued resurgence of business without continued reliance on government support.

Revenue

Revenue generated in 2022 was GBP5.5 million, which was GBP1.5 million (38%) higher than in the previous year. This was made up as follows:

 
                            2022           2021 
                     GBP million    GBP million     Movement 
 UK promotions               3.0            2.1         +43% 
 UK retail                   1.2            1.0         +20% 
 German combined             1.3            0.9         +44% 
 Total                       5.5            4.0         +38% 
 

UK promotional revenue was up 43% to GBP3.0 million compared with the previous year and was almost back to pre-pandemic levels. Revenue from retailers who do not use our kiosks is included within this revenue stream. This revenue stream showed good growth, with retailers being able to trade without interruption throughout 2022. Our Brand Experience business has taken longer to recover due to longer development lead times for promotional activity than for retail bookings. This area of spend also has to be attracted back to our industry, having been diverted to other channels during the pandemic. Customer acquisition business has been the slowest to recover as many of the operators in this area have been constrained by staff availability and the impact of inflationary pressures and cost of living increases.

In the UK retail division, Retail Merchandising Unit ("RMU") revenue increased by 35% from the previous year primarily due to the absence of lockdowns.

The Mobile Promotions Kiosk ("MPK") element of UK retail revenue continued to face headwinds with charity and customer acquisition bookings being significantly lower due to macro-economic factors. Revenue was 4% down as a result.

Within the retail division, the new Rock Up and Pop Up concept delivered GBP41k of revenue from a standing start during the year and this is forecast to grow significantly through 2023 and beyond as this method of retailing surpasses traditional RMU trading.

Despite restrictions in Germany being eased more slowly than in the UK, revenue recovered well to GBP1.3 million, which was 44% up on 2021 and also above the pre-pandemic revenue of GBP1.0 million achieved in 2019. This was due to there being an average of 78 kiosks operational during 2022 compared with 56 in 2021 and 53 in 2019.

Administrative Expenses

Administrative expenses increased by GBP0.6 million from the previous year to GBP4.1 million. This was almost exclusively as a result of increased staff costs, with additional staff, a return to commission and bonus targets being met and wage inflation caused by the competitive landscape for attracting good quality staff.

Other Operating Income

In 2022, other income in relation to fees generated by the business increased by 11% to GBP0.15 million. The other component is government grants and salary support in relation to the pandemic. This dropped to GBP0.06 million in 2022, all arising in Germany, compared with GBP0.67 million that had been received during 2021.

Operating Results

During 2022, the Group made an operating loss before non-recurring charges of GBP9k. Although this is lower than the operating profit of GBP0.15 million achieved in 2021, it was achieved with GBP0.6 million less government support and showed an underlying improvement of GBP0.4 million in the Group's profitability.

Non-recurring Charges

As at 31 December 2022, the Group recognised an impairment in the carrying value of the goodwill in relation to the UK Retail cash generating unit ("CGU") of GBP1.5 million. The principal reasons for this are the increased borrowing costs of the Group as a result of bank base rate increases during 2022 which caused a significant increase in the discount factor used in relation to future cash flows along with a slight decrease in the anticipated growth rate due to macro-economic factors. The underlying profitability and cash forecasts for this CGU were consistent with previous expectations. This is explained more fully in note 12 to the financial statements.

Basic Earnings per Share excluding non-recurring costs and discontinued operations was a loss of (11.0)p (2021: profit per share 8.8p).

Cash Flow

The Group cash inflow from operations was GBP1.1 million (2021: inflow of GBP0.8 million). This was due to positive EBITDA of GBP0.3 million with the remainder being due to movements in working capital. As at the end of 2022, the Group had drawn down GBP1.5 million of its banking facilities (2021: GBP1.8 million). With the gross cash position being GBP0.5 million higher at the end of 2022 than 2021 at GBP1.9 million (2021: GBP1.4 million), this resulted in net cash being GBP0.4 million (2021: net borrowings of GBP0.4 million).

Gregor Dunlay

Chief Financial Officer

26 May 2023

Strategic Review

Key Performance Indicators

The main financial key performance indicators are profit before taxation and non-recurring costs, EBITDA and cash headroom. During the year, the loss before taxation and non-recurring costs was GBP0.1 million (2021: profit of GBP0.1 million) and available cash at 31 December 2022 was GBP2.63 million (2021: GBP2.13 million). This is comprised of gross cash of GBP1.88 million and overdraft facilities of GBP0.75 million. Basic EPS before non-recurring costs and discontinued operations was a loss of 11.0p (2021: profit of 8.8p).

The Group continually monitors several key areas:

   --      revenue against target and prior period; 
   --      profitability against target and prior period; 
   --      venue acquisition, performance and attrition; 
   --      promoter and operator types compared with historic bookings; and 
   --      commission and occupancy rates. 
 
                                                      2022   2021 
 Revenue (GBP million)                                 5.5    4.0 
 Operating (loss) / profit before non-recurring 
  costs (GBP million)                                (0.0)    0.2 
 Basic (loss) / earnings per share before 
  non-recurring costs and discontinued operation 
  (p)                                               (11.0)    8.8 
 Average number of Retail Merchandising 
  Units (RMUs)                                         115     79 
 Average number of Mobile Promotions Kiosks 
  (MPKs)                                                38     24 
 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the 12 months ended 31 December 2022

 
                                     Notes 
                                               12 months     12 months 
                                                      to            to 
                                             31 December   31 December 
                                                    2022          2021 
                                                 GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 Continuing Operations 
 
 Revenue                               4           5,529         4,020 
 
 Cost of sales                         4         (1,644)       (1,211) 
 
 Gross profit                                      3,885         2,809 
 
 Administration expenses               4         (4,101)       (3,456) 
 Other operating income                5             207           800 
 
 Operating (loss) / profit before 
  non-recurring charges                              (9)           153 
 
 Non-recurring charges                 8         (1,500)             - 
 
 Operating (loss) / profit                       (1,509)           153 
 
 
 Finance costs                         9           (116)          (78) 
 
 (Loss) / profit before taxation                 (1,625)            75 
                                            ------------  ------------ 
 
 Taxation                             10            (89)            97 
 
 
 (Loss) / profit after taxation                       (1,714)      172 
                                                     --------  ------- 
 
   Profit from discontinued operation                       -       12 
 (Loss) / profit for the period                       (1,714)      184 
 
 Other comprehensive income 
  Foreign exchange differences on translation 
  of foreign operations                                  (25)     (38) 
 
 Total comprehensive income for the 
  period                                              (1,739)      146 
                                                     --------  ------- 
 
 
   Earnings per share 
 Basic - before non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation                     23   (11.0)p     8.8p 
 Basic - after non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation                     23   (88.4)p     9.4p 
 Diluted - before non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation                     23   (11.0)p     8.3p 
 Diluted - after non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation                     23   (88.4)p     8.9p 
 
 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

At 31 December 2022

 
                                 Notes   31 December 2022   31 December 2021 
                                                  GBP'000            GBP'000 
 Assets 
 Non-current assets: 
 Goodwill                         12                5,381              6,881 
 Property, plant & equipment      13                  545                690 
  Deferred tax asset               15                 208                297 
                                                    6,134              7,868 
 Current assets: 
 Trade & other receivables        14                2,524              2,196 
 Current tax receivable                                 -                  6 
 Cash & cash equivalents          16                1,885              1,380 
                                        -----------------  ----------------- 
                                                    4,409              3,582 
 
 Total assets                                      10,543             11,450 
                                        -----------------  ----------------- 
 
 Liabilities 
 Current liabilities: 
 Trade & other payables           17                5,591              4,339 
  Borrowings repayable within 
   one year                        18                 322                297 
  Lease liabilities                19                 180                189 
                                                    6,093              4,825 
 Non-current liabilities: 
 Borrowings repayable after 
  one year                        18                1,158              1,481 
  Lease liabilities                19                 240                308 
                                                    1,398              1,789 
 
 Total liabilities                                  7,491              6,614 
                                        -----------------  ----------------- 
 
 Net assets                                         3,052              4,836 
                                        -----------------  ----------------- 
 
 Equity 
 Share capital                    21                  195                195 
 Share premium                                      4,868              4,868 
 Special reserve                                      233                233 
 Own shares held                  25                 (50)                  - 
 Retained earnings                                (2,194)              (460) 
 
 Total equity                                       3,052              4,836 
                                        -----------------  ----------------- 
 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the 12 months ended 31 December 2022

 
                                   Notes       12 months to       12 months to 
                                           31 December 2022   31 December 2021 
                                                    GBP'000            GBP'000 
 Cash flows from operating 
  activities 
 Cash generated from operations                       1,216                680 
 Interest paid                       9                (116)               (78) 
 Taxation                                                 6                177 
 Net cash inflow / (outflow) 
  from operating activities                           1,106                779 
 
 Cash flows from investing 
  activities 
 Purchase of property, 
  plant & equipment                 13                 (87)               (80) 
  Purchase of own shares             25                (50)                  - 
 Net cash outflow from 
  investing                                           (137)               (80) 
 activities 
                                          -----------------  ----------------- 
 
 Cash flows from financing 
  activities 
 Proceeds from new Bank 
  facility                                                -              1,000 
  Bank facility payments                              (298)              (972) 
 Payment of lease obligations       19                (166)              (186) 
 Net cash (outflow) / 
  inflow from                                         (464)              (158) 
 financing activities 
                                          -----------------  ----------------- 
 
 Increase / (decrease) 
  in cash and cash equivalents                          505                541 
 Cash and cash equivalents 
  at beginning of                                     1,380                839 
 Period 
                                          -----------------  ----------------- 
 Cash and cash equivalents 
  at end of                         16                1,885              1,380 
 period 
                                          -----------------  ----------------- 
 
 
 Reconciliation of operating 
  profit to net 
 cash flow from operating 
  activities 
 Operating (loss) / profit           (1,509)     153 
 Goodwill impairment            12     1,500       - 
 Loss on disposal                        (6)    (28) 
 Depreciation of property, 
  plant &                       13       332     375 
 Equipment 
 Effect of foreign exchange 
  rate moves                            (25)    (33) 
 (Increase) in receivables             (328)   (271) 
 Increase in payables                  1,252     484 
                                    --------  ------ 
 Cash inflow from operating 
  activities                           1,216     680 
                                    --------  ------ 
 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

For the 12 months ended 31 December 2022

 
                            Share         Share       Special           Own       Retained              Non-       Total 
                          capital       premium       reserve        Shares       Earnings       Controlling      equity 
                                                                       held                         interest 
                          GBP'000       GBP'000       GBP'000       GBP'000        GBP'000           GBP'000     GBP'000 
 
 At 31 December 
  2020                        195         4,868           233             -          (587)              (24)       4,685 
 
 Comprehensive 
 income: 
 Foreign currency 
 translation                    -             -             -             -           (38)                 -        (38) 
 Profit for the 
  period                        -             -             -             -            184                 -         184 
                         --------      --------      --------      --------      ---------      ------------  ---------- 
 Total comprehensive            -             -             -             -            146                 -         146 
 income 
 Other movement                 -             -             -             -           (24)                24           - 
  Equity settled 
   share-based payment          -             -             -             -              5                 -           5 
                                                                   -------- 
 At 31 December 
  2021                        195         4,868           233             -          (460)                 -       4,836 
                         --------      --------      --------      --------      ---------      ------------  ---------- 
 
 
 
 Comprehensive 
 income: 
 Foreign currency 
 translation                  -           -         -          -          (25)        -           (25) 
 Loss for the 
  period                      -           -         -          -       (1,714)        -        (1,714) 
                          -----      ------      ----      -----      --------      ---  ------------- 
 Total comprehensive          -           -         -          -       (1,739)        -        (1,739) 
 income 
 Purchase of own 
  shares                      -           -         -       (50)             -        -           (50) 
  Equity settled 
   share-based payment        -           -         -          -             5        -              5 
                                                           ----- 
 At 31 December 
  2022                      195       4,868       233       (50)       (2,194)        -          3,052 
                          -----      ------      ----      -----      --------      ---  ------------- 
 
 

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the 12 months ended 31 December 2022

   1.         General information 

SpaceandPeople plc is a public company limited by shares incorporated and domiciled in Scotland (registered number SC212277) which is listed on AIM (dealing code SAL). The principal activities of the company and its subsidiaries (the Group) and the nature of its operations are set out in the Directors Report.

   2.         Basis of preparation 

The Group's financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as described in the accounting policies set out in note 3 below. These accounting policies are consistent with those in the previous year. The financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is the functional currency of the Group and are rounded to thousands (GBP'000).

Compliance Statement

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted International accounting standards (UK-adopted IAS).

Going Concern

The Directors are required to prepare the statutory financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will continue in business. In satisfaction of this responsibility the Directors have considered the Group's ability to meet its liabilities as they fall due.

The Group meets its day-to-day cash requirements through working capital management and the use of existing bank overdraft and loan. Management information tools including budgets and cash flow forecasts are used to monitor and manage current and future liquidity.

The current and future financial position of the Group, including its cash flows and liquidity, continue to be reviewed by the Directors. They take a prudent view on the continuing recovery in the Group's business post Covid and in light of current inflationary and other macroeconomic factors impacting on the business, its customers and suppliers. They have also considered the Group's ability to withstand the loss of key contracts and any mitigating actions that would be available to them.

The Group has term loans in place that mature in 2025 and 2027 along with overdraft facilities available until 2024. Financial covenants are in place that reflect the current and budgeted trading position and the Directors are confident of renewing the overdraft facilities in the normal course of business.

The Group continues to manage its cash flows prudently and the Directors are confident that the current resources and available funding facilities will provide sufficient headroom to meet the forecast cash requirements whilst remaining within its financial covenants.

As such, the Directors consider that it is appropriate to prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis.

Accounting developments

New and revised IFRSs applied

 
 Title                         Implementation             Effect on Group 
 Onerous Contracts -           Annual periods beginning   There is no material 
  Cost of Fulfilling a          on or after 1 January      impact on the financial 
  Contract (Amendment           2022                       statements. 
  to IAS 37) 
 Annual Improvements           Annual periods beginning   There is no material 
  to IFRS Standards 2018        on or after 1 January      impact on the financial 
  - 2020                        2022                       statements. 
 Property, Plant and           Annual periods beginning   There is no material 
  Equipment: Proceeds           on or after 1 January      impact on the financial 
  Before Intended Use           2022                       statements. 
  (Amendments to IAS 16) 
 Reference to the Conceptual   Annual periods beginning   There is no material 
  Framework (Amendments         on or after 1 January      impact on the financial 
  to IFRS 3)                    2022                       statements. 
 
 

The following amendments will be introduced in future periods

 
 Title                             Implementation              Effect on Group 
 IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts       Annual periods beginning    No material impact 
  and Amendments to IFRS            on or after 1 January       to the financial statements 
  17 Insurance Contracts            2023                        anticipated. 
 
  Disclosure of Accounting 
  Policies (Amendments              Annual periods beginning    Material rather than 
  to IAS 1                          on or after 1 January       significant accounting 
  and IFRS Practice Statement       2023                        policies will be disclosed. 
  2) 
 
  Definition of Accounting          Annual periods beginning    No material impact 
  Estimate (Amendments              on or after 1 January       to the financial statements 
  to IAS 8)                         2023                        anticipated. 
 
  Deferred Tax Related              Annual periods beginning    No material impact 
  to Assets and Liabilities         on or after 1 January       to the financial statements 
  Arising from                      2023                        anticipated. 
  a Single Transaction 
  (Amendments to IAS 12 
  Income Taxes)                     Annual periods beginning    No material impact 
                                    on or after 1 January       to the financial statements 
  Lease liability in a              2024                        anticipated. 
  Sale and Leaseback (Amendments 
  to IFRS 16)                       Annual periods beginning    An impact assessment 
                                    on or after 1 January       will be carried out 
  Non-current Liabilities           2024                        in due course. 
  with Covenants (Amendments 
  to IAS 1)                         Annual periods beginning    An impact assessment 
                                    on or after 1 January       will be carried out 
  Classification of Liabilities     2024                        in due course. 
  as Current or Non-current 
  (Amendments to IAS 1) 
 

Management anticipates that all relevant pronouncements will be adopted for the first period beginning on or after the effective date of the pronouncement.

   3.          Accounting policies 

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company (its subsidiaries). Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.

The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the period are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income from the effective date of acquisition and up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests, even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.

When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with those used by other members of the Group.

All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation.

Goodwill

Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment losses, if any.

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group's cash-generating units (or groups of cash-generating units) that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss of goodwill is recognised directly in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income within administration expenses. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.

On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

Investments in subsidiaries

The Parent Company's investments in subsidiary undertakings are included in the Company statement of financial position at cost, less provision for any impairment in value.

Revenue

Revenue is measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable. Revenue is shown net of value-added tax, rebates and discounts and after eliminating intergroup sales. Revenue is recognised when the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Group and when the relevant performance obligation is satisfied. The performance obligation is considered to occur when the promotional or retail booking event takes place. This performance obligation is satisfied over the period of the booked event. Revenue does not contain a financing component nor any element of variable consideration.

Promotion divisions

Revenue in the UK promotion division is recognised over the period the promotion event takes place and is agreed by all parties. This policy is adopted as our contractual right to commission income is crystallised at this point. Payment of a deposit is typically due when the booking is made with the balance payable 30 days prior to the promotion taking place or in instalments if the promotion is of a duration longer than 30 days.

Retail divisions

Revenue in the UK and German retail divisions is recognised in the month during which the booking takes place. This is due to the requirement to match the revenue with performance obligations. Payment is due in advance on a monthly basis.

Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the asset's net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Government assistance

Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Group will comply with all attached conditions. Grants received in are reported within other operating income.

Leasing

IFRS 16 requires capitalisation of all leasing agreements with duration exceeding 12 months, whereas the previous regulations only required capitalisation of finance leases. The right-of-use asset and liability to be recognised for each leasing agreement is the present value of the lease payments.

The Group applied the following practical expedients as permitted by the standard on transition:

-- non recognition of right of use assets and liabilities for leases of low value or for which the lease term ends within 12 months of the date of transition

-- the use of a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics

-- the exclusion of initial direct costs for the measurement of the right of use asset at the date of initial application

-- the use of hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease.

At inception, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease within the scope of IFRS 16. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an underlying identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Where a tangible asset is acquired through a lease, the Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. Right-of-use assets are included within property, plant and equipment.

The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the present value of minimum lease payments determined at the inception of the lease. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of other property, plant and equipment. The right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are unpaid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group's incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed payments, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, and the cost of any options that the Group is reasonably certain to exercise, such as the exercise price under a purchase option, lease payments in an optional renewal period, or penalties for early termination of a lease.

The lease liability is remeasured when there is a change in: future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate; the Group's estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; or the Group's assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option. When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases of machinery that have a lease term of 12 months or less, or for leases of low-value assets including IT equipment. The payments associated with these leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Group has made judgements in adopting IFRS 16 such as identifying contracts in scope for IFRS 16, determining the interest rate used for the discounting of future cashflows, and the determining lease terms where the lease has extension or termination options.

Property, plant & equipment

Depreciation is provided at the annual rates below in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life.

 
 Plant & equipment     -    12.5% of cost 
 Fixtures & fittings   -    25% of cost 
 Computer equipment    -    25% of cost 
  Computer software     -    33% of cost 
 

Property, plant & equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation to date.

Taxation

The tax credit or expense represents the sum of tax and deferred tax currently recoverable or payable. Tax currently recoverable or payable is based on the taxable loss or profit for the period. The Group's asset or liability for current tax is calculated using rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in computation of taxable profits and is accounted for using the liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all temporary timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition, other than in a business combination, of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised based on tax laws and rates that have been enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited in other comprehensive income, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in other comprehensive income.

Foreign exchange

Items included in the Group's financial statements are measured using Pounds Sterling, which is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group operates and is also the Group's presentational currency.

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Sterling at the rates ruling at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the rates at that date. These translation differences are dealt with in the profit and loss account.

The income and expenditure of overseas operations are translated at the average rates of exchange during the period. Monetary items on the balance sheet are translated into Sterling at the rate of exchange ruling on the balance sheet date and fixed assets at historical rates. Exchange difference arising are treated as a movement in reserves.

Financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised in the Group's balance sheet when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts.

Trade and other receivables

Trade and other receivables where payment is due within one year do not constitute a financing transaction and are recorded at original invoice value less an allowance for any uncollectable amounts.

If payment is due after more than one year or if there is any other indication of a financing transaction, trade and other receivables are recorded initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. In this situation, fair value is equal to the amount expected to be received, discounted at a market-related interest rate.

All trade and other receivables are subsequently measured at amortised cost, net of impairment.

The Group recognises lifetime ECL (expected credit losses) for trade receivables, which are estimated by reference to past default experience of the debtor and an analysis of the debtor's current financial position, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, including the time value of money where appropriate.

The Group writes off a receivable when there is information indicating that the debtor is in severe financial difficulty and there is no realistic prospect of recovery. Write offs are recognised in the income statement when identified.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are carried in the balance sheet at cost and comprise cash in hand, cash at bank and deposits with banks.

Trade and other payables

Trade and other payables are carried at amortised costs and represent liabilities for goods or services provided to the Group prior to the period end that are unpaid and arise when the Group becomes obliged to make future payments in respect of these goods and services.

Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Share based payments

The Group operates a number of equity settled share-based payment schemes under which share options are issued to certain employees. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity settled share-based payment, where material, is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. For schemes with only market-based performance conditions, those conditions are considered in arriving at the fair value at grant date.

Pensions

The Group pays contributions to the personal pension schemes of the majority of employees. Contributions are charged to the income statement in the period in which they fall due.

Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs are amortised over the duration of the loan and recognised throughout the term of the loan.

Employee Benefit Trust

The Company has an established Employee Benefit Trust ("EBT") to which it is the sponsoring entity. Notwithstanding the legal duties of the trustees, the Company considers that it has 'de facto' control. The EBT is accounted for as assets and liabilities of the Company and is included in the financial statements. The Company's equity instruments held by the EBT are accounted for as if they were the Company's own equity and are treated as treasury shares ("Own Shares Held"). No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss or other comprehensive income on the purchase, sale or cancellation of the Company's own equity held by the EBT.

Non-recurring charges

Non-recurring charges are items that have been separately identified to provide a better indication of the Group's underlying operational performance. They are separately identified as a result of their magnitude, incidence or nature.

Further details are disclosed in note 8 to the financial statements.

Critical accounting judgements and estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of accounting estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenditure during the period. Although these estimates are based on management's best knowledge of current events and actions, actual results may differ from those estimates. IFRS also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group's accounting policies.

The areas where significant judgements and estimates have been made in the preparation of these financial statements are the impairment of goodwill, impairment of the value of investment in subsidiaries and taxation. Explanations of the methodology and the resultant assumptions are detailed in the relevant accounting policies above and the respective notes to the financial statements.

   4.          Segmental reporting 

The Group splits its business into two main areas, being promotions and retail. The retail business is further sub-divided into both UK and German territories. The Group maintains its head office in Glasgow and has a subsidiary office in Hamburg, Germany. The Group has determined that these, along with head office functions, are the principal operating segments as the performance of these segments is monitored separately and reviewed by the Board.

The following tables present revenues, results and asset and liability information regarding the Group's two core business segments - Promotional Sales and Retail, split by geographic area, after licence fees and management charges made between Group companies.

Segment assets include goodwill, property, plant and equipment, receivables and operating cash. Head office assets include deferred tax and head office right of use assets. Segment liabilities comprise operating liabilities. Head office liabilities include corporate borrowings.

Prior year amounts have been re-presented in a format consistent with the current year that reflects the basis of the entity's internal management reporting that has been used by the Group to monitor the performance of segments.

 
 
   Segment revenues           Promotion     Retail     Retail      Head     Group 
   and 
 Results                             UK         UK    Germany    Office 
 for 12 months to               GBP'000    GBP'000    GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000 
 31 December 2022 
 
 Segment Revenue                  3,011      1,236      1,282         -     5,529 
 Cost of sales                        -      (830)      (814)         -   (1,644) 
 Administrative expenses 
  excluding depreciation        (2,006)      (123)      (635)   (1,005)   (3,769) 
 Other revenue                        -          -        207         -       207 
 Depreciation                      (61)       (95)        (9)     (167)     (332) 
                           ------------  ---------  ---------  --------  -------- 
 Segment Operating 
  profit / (loss)                   944        188         31   (1,172)       (9) 
 
 Non-recurring costs                  -    (1,500)          -         -   (1,500) 
 Finance costs                        -          -          -     (116)     (116) 
 Segment profit 
  / (loss)                          944    (1,312)         31   (1,455)   (1,625) 
                           ------------  ---------  ---------  --------  -------- 
 before taxation 
 
 
 Segment assets               Promotion    Retail    Retail      Head     Group 
  and 
 liabilities                         UK        UK   Germany    Office 
 as at 31 December              GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000 
  2022 
 
 Total segment assets             3,151     6,117       674       601    10,543 
 Total segment liabilities      (4,651)     (503)     (430)   (1,907)   (7,491) 
 Total segment 
  net assets                    (1,500)     5,614       244   (1,306)     3,052 
                             ----------  --------  --------  --------  -------- 
 
 
 
   Segment revenues           Promotion     Retail     Retail      Head     Other     Group 
   and 
 Results                             UK         UK    Germany    Office 
 for 12 months                  GBP'000    GBP'000    GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000 
  to 
 31 December 2021 
 
 Segment Revenue                  2,132      1,022        866         -         -     4,020 
 Cost of sales                        -      (701)      (510)         -         -   (1,211) 
 Administrative 
  expenses excluding 
  depreciation                  (1,382)      (152)      (774)     (773)         -   (3,081) 
 Other revenue                      126          -        674         -         -       800 
 Gain associated 
  with discontinued 
  operations                          -          -          -         -        12        12 
 Depreciation                      (38)      (107)       (38)     (192)         -     (375) 
                           ------------  ---------  ---------  --------  --------  -------- 
 Segment Operating 
  profit / (loss) 
  including discontinued 
  operations                        838         62        218     (965)        12       165 
 
 Finance costs                        -          -          -      (78)         -      (78) 
 Segment profit 
  / (loss)                          838         62        218   (1,043)        12        87 
                           ------------  ---------  ---------  --------  --------  -------- 
 before taxation 
  including discontinued 
  operations 
 
 
 Segment assets       Promotion    Retail    Retail      Head     Group 
  and 
 liabilities                 UK        UK   Germany    Office 
 as at 31 December      GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000 
  2021 
 
 Total segment 
  assets                  2,439     7,617       750       644    11,450 
 Total segment 
  liabilities           (3,339)     (640)     (443)   (2,192)   (6,614) 
 Total segment 
  net assets              (900)     6,977       307   (1,548)     4,836 
                     ----------  --------  --------  --------  -------- 
 
   5.         Other operating income 

Other operating income is comprised of:

 
                      12 months    12 months to 
                             to 
                       December   December 2021 
                           2022 
                        GBP'000         GBP'000 
 
 Government grants           60             668 
 Ancillary charges          147             132 
                            207             800 
                     ----------  -------------- 
 
   6.          Operating profit / (loss) 

The operating profit / (loss) is stated after charging:

 
                                        12 months    12 months to 
                                               to 
                                         December   December 2021 
                                             2022 
                                          GBP'000         GBP'000 
 
 Impairment of goodwill                     1,500               - 
 Depreciation of property, plant 
  and equipment                               165             183 
 Depreciation of right of use assets          167             192 
                                       ==========  ============== 
 
 Auditor's remuneration: 
 Fees payable for: 
 Audit of Company                              36              32 
 Audit of subsidiary undertakings              19              18 
 Audit related services                         9              10 
 Tax compliance                                 5              10 
 Other tax services                            10               4 
 Other services                                 5               5 
                                       ----------  -------------- 
                                               84              80 
                                       ----------  -------------- 
 
 Directors' remuneration                      702             554 
                                       ----------  -------------- 
 
   7.         Staff costs 

The average number of employees in the Group during the period was as follows:

 
                             12 months    12 months to 
                                    to 
                              December   December 2021 
                                  2022 
 
 Executive Directors                 3               3 
  Non-executive Directors            3               3 
 Administration                     17              16 
 Telesales                          19              19 
 Commercial                          4               3 
 Maintenance                         6               6 
                            ----------  -------------- 
                                    52              50 
                            ----------  -------------- 
 
 
                          12 months    12 months to 
                                 to 
                           December   December 2021 
                               2022 
                            GBP'000         GBP'000 
 
 Wages and salaries           2,329           1,785 
 Social Security costs          311             198 
 Pensions                        98             112 
                         ----------  -------------- 
                              2,738           2,095 
                         ----------  -------------- 
 
   8.         Non-recurring charges 
 
                                       12 months     12 months to 
                                              to    December 2021 
                                        December          GBP,000 
                                            2022 
                                         GBP'000 
 Impairment of UK Retail CGU               1,500                - 
                                           1,500                - 
                                      ----------  --------------- 
 
 Please refer to note 12 for further 
  information. 
 
   9.         Finance income and costs 
 
                                               12 months    12 months to 
                                                      to 
                                           December 2022   December 2021 
                                                 GBP'000         GBP'000 
 
 Finance costs: 
 Interest payable on borrowings                       77              30 
  Interest payable on lease obligations               39              48 
                                          --------------  -------------- 
                                                     116              78 
                                          --------------  -------------- 
 
   10.       Taxation 
 
                                           12 months       12 months 
                                                  to              to 
                                            December   December 2021 
                                                2022 
                                             GBP'000         GBP'000 
 
 Current tax expense: 
 Current tax on profits/(losses)                   -               - 
  for the year 
 Adjustment for under/(over) provision 
  in prior periods                                 -             (7) 
                                          ----------  -------------- 
 Total current tax                                 -             (7) 
 Deferred tax: 
 Charge in respect of change of rate               -            (66) 
  Charge in respect of temporary timing 
   differences                                    89            (24) 
                                          ----------  -------------- 
 Total deferred tax                               89            (90) 
 
 
   Income tax charge / (credit) as 
   reported in the income statement               89            (97) 
                                          ----------  -------------- 
 

The tax assessed for the period differs to the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The differences are explained below:

 
                                             12 months       12 months 
                                                    to              to 
                                              December   December 2021 
                                                  2022 
                                               GBP'000         GBP'000 
 
 (Loss) / profit on ordinary activities 
  before tax                                   (1,625)              75 
                                            ----------  -------------- 
 (Loss) / profit on ordinary activities 
  at the standard rate of corporation 
  tax in the UK of 19% (2021: 19%)               (309)              14 
 
 Tax effect of: 
  - Adjustment for (over)/under provision 
  in prior periods                                   -             (7) 
   - Over provision of deferred tax                 61               - 
   - Use of recognised losses                       45               - 
  - Disallowable items                             300               1 
   - Change in tax rates substantively 
   enacted                                           -            (66) 
   - Use of tax losses previously 
   not recognised                                  (8)            (39) 
 
 Income tax charge / (credit) as 
  reported in the Income Statement                  89            (97) 
                                            ----------  -------------- 
 
   11.       Dividends 

No dividends were paid during the current or prior year. The Directors do not recommend a final dividend for 2022 (2021: GBPnil).

   12.       Goodwill 
 
 Cost                   GBP'000 
 
 At 31 December 2020      8,225 
 Additions                    - 
                       -------- 
 At 31 December 2021      8,225 
 Additions                    - 
                       -------- 
 At 31 December 2022      8,225 
                       -------- 
 
 
 Accumulated impairment losses 
 At 31 December 2020              1,344 
 Charge for the period                - 
                                 ------ 
 At 31 December 2021              1,344 
 Charge for the period            1,500 
 At 31 December 2022              2,844 
                                 ------ 
 
 
 Net book value 
 At 31 December 2020    6,881 
                       ------ 
 At 31 December 2021    6,881 
                       ------ 
 At 31 December 2022    5,381 
                       ------ 
 

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated at acquisition to the cash-generating units (CGUs) that are expected to benefit from that business combination. The Directors consider that the businesses of the UK Retail sub-group are an identifiable CGU and the carrying amount of Goodwill is allocated against this CGU.

The recoverable amount of the cash generating unit was determined based on value-in-use calculations, covering a detailed forecast, followed by an extrapolation of expected cash flows based on the targeted and expected growth rate over the next five years followed by a terminal factor determined by management.

The present value of the future cash flows is then calculated using a discount rate of 11.84% (2021 - 7.83%).

This discount rate includes appropriate adjustments to reflect, in the Directors' judgement, the market risk and specific risk of the CGU. It is derived from the Group's weighted average cost of capital. Changes in the discount rate compared to the prior year reflect the latest market assumptions for the risk-free rate, equity risk premium and the cost of debt.

The growth rate utilised in calculation of the terminal factor is based on expected inflationary growth in the UK beyond the period of forecasting. The growth rate used was 1.65% (2021 - 1.7%).

Cash flow projections during the budget period are based on an average growth in EBITDA which the Directors consider to be conservative given the plans for the businesses and the potential increased returns particularly in relation to the pipeline of new business opportunities.

Impairment testing resulted in a reduction to the estimated recoverable amount of goodwill. The related goodwill impairment loss of GBP1.5m for 2022 has been included in non-recurring charges.

The estimate of recoverable amount for the CGU is sensitive to the discount rate, the cash flow projections and the growth rate.

If the discount rate used is increased beyond 11.84%, for each further movement of 1% an impairment loss of GBP0.462 million would be recognised and written off against goodwill.

If the annual growth rate beyond 2022, used in the cash flow projection, is decreased by 0.25% an impairment loss of GBP0.166 million would be recognised and written off against goodwill.

   13.       Property, plant and equipment 

The Group movement in property, plant & equipment assets was:

 
 Cost                     Plant       Fixture     Computer       Right      Right of     Total 
                    & equipment    & fittings    equipment      of use    use assets 
                                                                assets       plant & 
                                                              property     equipment 
                        GBP'000       GBP'000      GBP'000     GBP'000       GBP'000   GBP'000 
 
 At 31 December 
  2020                    3,061           295          823         822           161     5,162 
 Additions                   52             4           34           -             8        98 
 Disposals                 (10)             -            -        (82)          (15)     (107) 
 Forex                        -           (3)            -         (2)             -       (5) 
                  -------------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 At 31 December 
  2021                    3,103           296          857         738           154     5,148 
                  -------------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 
 Additions                   39            16           32         124            44       255 
  Disposals                   -             -            -       (151)             -     (151) 
 At 31 December 
  2022                    3,142           312          889         711           198     5,252 
                  -------------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 
 
 Depreciation          Plant &       Fixture     Computer       Right      Right of     Total 
                     equipment    & fittings    equipment      of use    use assets 
                                                               assets       plant & 
                                                             property     equipment 
                       GBP'000       GBP'000      GBP'000     GBP'000       GBP'000   GBP'000 
 
 At 31 December 
  2020                   2,767           280          794         200            93     4,134 
 Charge for the 
  period                   155             8           20         153            39       375 
 Depreciation on 
  disposals                  -             -            -        (36)          (15)      (51) 
 At 31 December 
  2021                   2,922           288          814         317           117     4,458 
 Charge for the 
  period                   128             8           29         142            25       332 
 Depreciation on 
  disposals                  -             -            -        (83)             -      (83) 
                   -----------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 At 31 December 
  2022                   3,050           296          843         376           142     4,707 
                   -----------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 
 
 Net book value       Plant &       Fixture     Computer       Right      Right of     Total 
                    equipment    & fittings    equipment      of use    use assets 
                                                              assets       plant & 
                                                            property     equipment 
                      GBP'000       GBP'000      GBP'000     GBP'000       GBP'000   GBP'000 
 
 At 31 December 
  2020                    294            15           29         622            68     1,028 
                  -----------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 At 31 December 
  2021                    181             8           43         421            37       690 
                  -----------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 At 31 December 
  2022                     92            16           46         335            56       545 
                  -----------  ------------  -----------  ----------  ------------  -------- 
 

The right of use lease liabilities are secured against the right of use assets.

14. Trade and other receivables

 
                       31 December   31 December 
                              2022          2021 
                           GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 Net trade debtors           2,052         1,587 
 Other debtors                 337           324 
 Prepayments                   135           285 
 Total                       2,524         2,196 
                      ============  ============ 
 
 
 Amounts falling due 
  after more than one 
  year included above 
  are:                    79   79 
 

The maximum exposure to credit risk at the balance sheet date is the carrying amount of receivables detailed above. The Group does not hold any collateral as security. No interest is charged on outstanding trade receivables. The carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates the fair value.

The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses on trade receivables which applies a credit risk percentage based upon historical risk of default adjusted for forward looking estimates against receivables that are grouped into age brackets. To measure the expected credit losses, trade receivables were considered on a days past due basis.

Trade receivables are written off where there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Indicators that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery include the failure of a debtor to enter into a repayment plan with the Group and a failure to make agreed contractual payments. Impairment losses on trade receivables are presented as net impairment losses within operating profit. Subsequent recoveries of any amounts are credited against the same line item.

 
                       31 December   31 December 
                              2022          2021 
                           GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 Trade debtors               2,823         2,238 
 Loss allowance              (771)         (650) 
 Net trade debtors           2,052         1,587 
                      ============  ============ 
 

Movement in loss allowance:

 
                           31 December   31 December 
                                  2022          2021 
                               GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 1 January                         650         1,197 
 Additional provisions             225           291 
 Utilised or released            (104)         (838) 
 31 December                       771           650 
                          ============  ============ 
 

The Directors do not believe that there is a significant concentration of credit risk within the trade receivables balance on customers or geographical location.

As of 31 December 2022, trade receivables of GBP1.6 million (2021: GBP1.1 million) were past due, but not impaired. The ageing analysis of those debtors is as follows:

 
                         0 - 30   31 - 60   61 Days     Total 
                           Days      Days         + 
                        GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000 
 Net amount at 
  31 December 2022          204        65     1,345     1,614 
 
 Net amount at 
  31 December 2021          140        78       878     1,095 
 
 
   15.       Deferred tax 
 
                                                                                  31                                   31 
                                                                            December                             December 
                                                                                2022                                 2021 
                                                                             GBP'000                              GBP'000 
 
            Deferred tax assets: 
             Deferred tax asset to be 
             recognised after less than 
             12 months 
             Deferred tax asset to be                                              -                                    - 
             recognised after more than 
             12 months                                                           208                                  297 
            Deferred tax asset                                                   208                                  297 
                                                                ====================                 ==================== 
 
            Split as follows: 
             Fixed asset timing differences                                      (5)                                   24 
             Tax losses                                                          202                                  263 
             Other                                                                11                                   10 
            Deferred tax asset                                                   208                                  297 
                                                                ====================                 ==================== 
 
            Movement in the year: 
            At 1 January                                                         297                                  207 
             Adjustment in respect of 
              losses                                                            (61)                                    - 
             Change in tax rate substantively 
              enacted                                                              -                                   66 
             Charge in respect of temporary 
              timing differences on property, 
              plant and equipment 
             Other movements                                                    (29)                                   24 
                                                                                   1                                    - 
            At 31 December                                                       208                                  297 
                                                                ====================                 ==================== 
 

The Finance Bill 202 was substantively enacted on 24 May 2021 changing the main rate of corporation tax from 19% to 25% after 1 April 2023. The closing deferred tax asset has been measured in accordance with the rate substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date that would be expected to apply on reversal of the timing differences.

The Group expects to fully utilise the UK deferred tax asset recognised against future taxable profits as the future growth strategy for the business is realised.

Deferred tax is not recognised in respect of tax losses in Germany due to uncertainty over when they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or future taxable profits. This is an unrecognised deferred tax asset of GBP260k (2021: GBP291k).

   16.       Cash and cash equivalents 
 
                      31 December   31 December 
                             2022          2021 
                          GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 Cash at bank and 
  on hand                   1,885         1,380 
                            1,885         1,380 
                     ============  ============ 
 
   17.       Trade and other payables 
 
                         31 December   31 December 
                                2022          2021 
 Amounts payable             GBP'000       GBP'000 
  within one year 
 
 Trade creditors                 335           200 
 Other creditors               3,457         2,351 
 Social Security and 
  other taxes                    447           157 
 Accrued expenses                838         1,088 
 Deferred income                 514           543 
 Total                         5,591         4,339 
 
 

All trade and other payables are short term. The carrying values of trade and other payables are considered to be a reasonable approximation of fair value.

   18.       Other borrowings 
 
                        31 December   31 December 
                               2022          2021 
                            GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 Bank facilities: 
 Payable within one 
  year                          322           297 
 Payable after one 
  year                        1,158         1,481 
                       ------------  ------------ 
                              1,480         1,778 
                       ============  ============ 
 
 

As at 31 December 2022, SpaceandPeople plc had GBP1.48 million (2021: GBP1.78 million) of CBILS term loans, GBP0.56 million of which expire in April 2025 and GBP0.92 million expire in January 2027. SpaceandPeople plc also had GBP0.75 million of overdraft facilities of which GBPnil was used as at 31 December 2022 (2021: GBPnil). The bank facilities are secured by floating charge over the Group's assets and are subject to interest between 3.25% to 3.8% plus base.

   19.       Leases 

Amounts recognised in the balance sheet:

The balance sheet shows the following amounts relating to leases:

 
                             31 December       31 December 
                                    2022              2021 
                                 GBP'000           GBP'000 
 Right of use assets 
 Property                            335               421 
 Plant and equipment                  56                37 
                                     391               458 
 
  Lease liabilities 
  Current                            180               189 
  Non-current                        240               308 
                            ------------      ------------ 
 Total                               420               497 
                            ============      ============ 
 

Amounts recognised in the statement of profit or loss:

The statement of profit or loss shows the following amounts relating to leases:

 
                                    12 months      12 months 
                                  to December    to December 
                                         2022           2021 
                                      GBP'000        GBP'000 
 Depreciation charge of 
  right of use assets 
 Property                                 142            153 
 Plant and equipment                       25             39 
                                          167            192 
 
   Interest expense on lease 
   liabilities                             39             48 
 

Below is a reconciliation of changes in liabilities arising from financing activities:

 
                                  1 January      Cash       New     Other   31 December 
                                       2022     flows    Leases                    2022 
                                    GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000   GBP'000       GBP'000 
 
 Current lease liabilities              189     (166)        55       102           180 
 Non-current lease liabilities          308         -       113     (181)           240 
                                 ----------  --------  --------  --------  ------------ 
 Total liabilities from 
  financing activities                  497     (166)       168      (79)           420 
                                 ==========  ========  ========  ========  ============ 
 
 

The "Other" column includes the effect of reclassification of non-current leases to current due to the passage of time, the effect of the disposal of lease assets with their related creditors and the effect of the unwinding of the discounted ROU creditors over time.

The company does not face a significant liquidity risk with regard to its lease liabilities and these are monitored as part of the overall process of managing cash flows. There are no leases subject to variable lease payment terms.

   20.       Financial instruments and risk management 

The Group has no material financial instruments other than cash, current receivables and liabilities, in both this and the prior period, all of which arise directly from its operations. The net fair value of its financial assets and liabilities is equivalent to their carrying value as detailed in the balance sheet and related notes.

Credit risk - The Group's credit risk relates to its receivables and is managed by undertaking regular credit evaluations of its customers. The Group is aware that customers' financial strength may have been adversely affected by the Covid pandemic and current economic circumstances and endeavours to work with them and our venue partners to provide appropriate discounts and payment plans to enable them to continue to trade and repay any amounts owed in an agreed manner. The Group does not routinely offer extended credit terms to the majority of customers.

Liquidity risk - The Group usually operates a cash-generative business and has significant cash headroom. The Directors consider the funding structure to be adequate for the Group's current funding requirements and this is expected to strengthen during future years. The following tables outline the Group's contractual maturity of its financial liabilities:

 
                              Carrying   On Demand/within       Within       Within   Over 5 years 
                                amount           one year    1-2 years    2-5 years 
 2022                          GBP'000            GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000        GBP'000 
 
 Borrowings                      1,480                322          322          836              - 
 Lease liabilities                 420                180          157           83              - 
  Trade and other payables       5,591              5,591            -            -              - 
                             ---------  -----------------  -----------  -----------  ------------- 
 Total                           7,491              6,093          479          919              - 
                             =========  =================  ===========  ===========  ============= 
 
 
 
                              Carrying   On Demand/within       Within       Within   Over 5 years 
                                amount           one year    1-2 years    2-5 years 
 2021                          GBP'000            GBP'000      GBP'000      GBP'000        GBP'000 
 
 Borrowings                      1,778                297          322          634            525 
 Lease liabilities                 497                189          162          146              - 
  Trade and other payables       4,339              4,339            -            -              - 
                             ---------  -----------------  -----------  -----------  ------------- 
 Total                           6,614              4,825          484          780            525 
                             =========  =================  ===========  ===========  ============= 
 
 

Borrowing facilities - As at the balance sheet date, t he Group has agreed facilities of GBP2.23 million, of which GBP1.48 million was utilised at the year end. These facilities are secured by a floating charge.

Financial assets - These comprise cash at bank and in hand. All bank deposits are floating rate.

Financial liabilities - These include short-term creditors and CBILS term loans of GBP1.48 million. All financial liabilities will be financed from existing cash reserves and operating cash flows.

Interest rate risk - The Group is exposed to interest rate risk through the impact of rate changes on interest-bearing borrowings. The interest rates and terms of repayment are disclosed in note 18 to the financial statements. Except as outlined above, the company has no significant interest-bearing assets and liabilities. The company does not use any derivative instruments to reduce its economic exposure to changes in interest rates. An increase or decrease of 1% in interest rate during the year would have resulted in movement of GBP15k to the Income Statement.

Foreign currency risk - The Group is exposed to moderate foreign exchange risk primarily from Euros due to its German operation and Euro denominated licensing income as detailed in note 4 - Segmental Reporting. The Group monitors its foreign currency exposure and manages the position where appropriate. A 5% change in the Euro rate at the year-end would have resulted in an additional gain or loss of GBP26k.

   21.       Called up share capital 
 
 Allotted, issued and fully paid        31 December   31 December 
                                               2022          2021 
 Class          Nominal 
                 value 
                10p (2021 
 Ordinary        - 1p)        GBP           195,196       195,196 
                              Number      1,951,957    19,519,563 
 

On 13 June 2022 the company carried out a consolidation of the Company's ordinary share capital, resulting in every 10 existing ordinary shares of 1 pence each being consolidated into 1 new ordinary share of 10 pence each.

 
 Conversion ratio of Existing ordinary           10 Existing Ordinary Shares: 
  shares                                                1 New Ordinary Shares 
 Opening number of shares in issue 
  at 1p                                                            19,519,563 
  Issue of shares prior to consolidation 
   at 1p                                                                    7 
  Total number of shares prior to 
   consolidation at 1p                                             19,519,570 
  Closing number of shares in issue 
   following consolidation at 10p                                   1,951,957 
 
   22.      Related party transactions 

Compensation of key management personnel

Key management personnel of the Group are defined as those persons having authority and responsibility for the planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Group, directly or indirectly. Key management of the Group are therefore considered to be the Directors of SpaceandPeople plc. There were no transactions with the key management, other than their emoluments.

   23.       Earnings per share 
 
                                   12 months         12 months      12 months to 
                                          to                to 
                                 31 December       31 December       31 December 
                                        2022              2021              2021 
                                   Pence per         Pence per   Pence per share 
                                       share    share restated 
                                                     for share 
                                                 consolidation 
 
 Basic earnings / (loss) 
  per share 
 
 Before non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation         (11.0)p              8.8p              0.9p 
 After non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation         (88.4)p              9.4p              0.9p 
 
 Diluted earnings / (loss) 
  per share 
                                     (11.0)p              8.3p              0.8p 
 Before non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation 
 After non-recurring charges 
  and discontinued operation         (88.4)p              8.9p              0.9p 
 
 
 

Calculation of before non-recurring and discontinued operations

 
                            12 months to               12 months to   12 months to 
                             31 December                31 December    31 December 
                                    2022              2021 restated           2021 
                                            for share consolidation 
                                 GBP'000                    GBP'000        GBP'000 
 
 (Loss) / profit after 
  tax for the period             (1,714)                        184            184 
 Non-recurring charges 
 
  Discontinued operation 
                                   1,500                          -              - 
  (Loss) / profit after 
  tax for the period                   -                       (12)           (12) 
  before non-recurring 
  charges                          (214)                        172            172 
 
 Weighted average number     31 December                31 December    31 December 
  of shares                         2022              2021 restated           2021 
                                            for share consolidation 
                                    '000                       '000           '000 
 
 Weighted average number 
  of ordinary shares 
  for the purpose of 
  basic                            1,939                      1,952         19,520 
 earnings per share 
 
 
 
 Weighted average number 
  of ordinary shares for 
  the purpose of diluted    2,077   2,075   20,752 
 earnings per share 
 

The weighted average number of shares is calculated as follows:

 
                                12 months to               12 months to   12 months to 
                                 31 December                31 December    31 December 
                                        2022              2021 restated           2021 
                                                for share consolidation 
                                        '000                       '000           '000 
 
 Weighted average number 
  of shares in issue 
  during the period                    1,952                      1,952         19,520 
 
 Impact from purchase                   (13)                          -              - 
  of own shares 28 September 
  2022 
 
 Weighted average number 
  of ordinary shares                   1,939                      1,952         19,520 
-----------------------------  -------------  -------------------------  ------------- 
 
 
 Weighted average number 
  of ordinary shares 
  used in the calculation 
  of basic                        137     123    1,232 
 earnings per share 
  deemed to be 
 issued for no consideration 
  in respect 
 of employee options 
 
 Weighted average number 
  of ordinary shares 
  used in the calculation 
  of                            2,076   2,075   20,752 
 diluted earnings per 
  share 
-----------------------------  ------  ------  ------- 
 
 

As set out in note 24, there were share options outstanding as at 31 December 2022 which, if exercised, would increase the number of shares in issue. However, the diluted loss per share is the same as the basic loss per share in the year to 31 December 2022, as the loss for this year has an anti-dilutive effect.

   24.       Share options 

The Group has established a share option scheme that senior executives and certain eligible employees are entitled to participate in at the discretion of the Board which is advised on such matters by the Remuneration Committee.

In aggregate, share options have been granted under the share option scheme over 183,350 ordinary shares exercisable within the dates and at the exercise prices shown below, being the market value at the date of the grant.

 
 Date of grant      Number   Option period                  Price 
 
                             12 January 2018 - 12 January 
 12 January 2015    24,350    2025                          474p 
 30 June 2021       83,000   30 June 2024 - 30 June 2031    125p 
                             24 August 2025 - 24 August 
 24 August 2022     76,000    2032                          102.5p 
 

The movement in the number of options outstanding under the scheme over the period is as follows:

 
                                           12 months     12 months 
                                                  to            to 
                                         31 December   31 December 
                                                2022          2021 
 
 
 Number of options outstanding as at 
  the beginning of the period              1,101,000     1,300,818 
 
 Number of options in issue following        110,100             - 
  share consolidation 
 Granted                                      76,000       855,000 
 Lapsed                                            -     (254,818) 
  Forfeited                                  (2,750)     (800,000) 
                                        ------------  ------------ 
 Number of options outstanding as at 
  the end of the period                      183,350     1,101,000 
                                        ------------  ------------ 
 Weighted average exercise price                162p         20.3p 
 
 

The number of options outstanding and the weighted average exercise price should the share consolidation have applied in 2021 would have been 110,100 and 203p respectively.

The total share-based payment charge for the year, calculated in accordance with IFRS2 on share-based payments, was GBP5k (2021: GBP5k).

   25.       Own shares held 

The Group has shares held by the Spaceandpeople plc Employee Benefit Trust for the purpose of issuing shares under the company's share option scheme.

 
                                               Number of   GBP'000 
                                                  shares 
 
 Opening balance 1 January 2021 and closing            -         - 
  balance 31 December 2021 
 
 Acquisition of shares by Employee Benefit 
  Trust                                           49,405        50 
                                              ----------  -------- 
 Closing balance 31 December 2022                 49,405        50 
                                              ----------  -------- 
 

Contact details:

 
 SpaceandPeople Plc                       0845 241 8215 
 Nancy Cullen, Gregor Dunlay 
 
 Zeus (Nominated Adviser and Broker)      0203 829 5000 
 David Foreman, Jamie Peel, Ed Beddows 
 

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