SNOA Sonoma Pharmaceuticals Inc

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 – Organization and Recent Developments

Organization

Sonoma Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of California in April 1999 and was reincorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in December 2006. The Company’s principal office was moved to Woodstock, Georgia from Petaluma, California in June 2020. The Company is a global healthcare leader for developing and producing stabilized hypochlorous acid (“HOCl”) products for a wide range of applications, including wound care, animal health care, eye care, oral care and dermatological conditions. The Company’s products reduce infections, itch, pain, scarring and harmful inflammatory responses in a safe and effective manner. In-vitro and clinical studies of HOCl show it to have impressive antipruritic, antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. The Company’s stabilized HOCl immediately relieves itch and pain, kills pathogens and breaks down biofilm, does not sting or irritate skin and oxygenates the cells in the area treated assisting the body in its natural healing process. The Company sell its products either directly or via partners in 53 countries worldwide.

Reverse Stock Split

Effective June 19, 2019, the Company effected a reverse stock split of its common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Every nine shares of common stock were reclassified and combined into one share of common stock. No fractional shares were issued as a result of the reverse stock split. Instead, each resulting fractional share of common stock was down to one whole share and each fractional share settled with cash. The reverse stock split reduced the number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding from 11,972,328 to 1,328,891. The total number of authorized shares of common stock was not proportionally decreased and the par value per share of the common stock continues to be $0.0001.

All common shares and per share amounts contained in the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect a 1-for-9 reverse stock split.

NOTE 2 – Liquidity and Financial Condition

The Company reported a net loss of $2,946,000 for the year ended March 31, 2020. At March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, the Company’s accumulated deficit amounted to $172,246,000 and $169,238,000, respectively. The Company had working capital of $7,518,000 and $8,905,000 as of March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

Subsequent to the year ended March 31, 2020, the Company received $1,542,000 in cash from the exercise of common stock purchase warrants and options, $1,300,000 under the Paycheck Protection Program and $609,000 from the sale of its Micromed Laboratories division. (See Note 19 – Subsequent Events)

In November 2019, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement with Dawson James Securities, Inc. The public offering price for each unit was $3.50. On November 29, 2019, at closing of the offering, the Company sold 446,577 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $1,563,000 and net proceeds of $1,376,000 after deducting placement agent commissions and other offering expenses.

Management believes that the Company has access to additional capital resources through possible public or private equity offerings, debt financings, corporate collaborations or other means; however, the Company cannot provide any assurance that other new financings will be available on commercially acceptable terms, if needed. If the economic climate in the U.S. deteriorates, the Company’s ability to raise additional capital could be negatively impacted. If the Company is unable to secure additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations. These measures could cause significant delays in the Company’s continued efforts to commercialize its products, which is critical to the realization of its business plan and the future operations of the Company. These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that may be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

COVID – 19

On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. In an effort to mitigate the continued spread of the virus, federal, state and local governments, as well as certain private entities have mandated various restrictions, including travel restrictions, restrictions on public gatherings and quarantining of people who may have been exposed to the virus. As a result of these restrictions, together with a general fear of the impact on the global economy and financial markets, there is significant uncertainty surrounding the potential impact on the Company. As events are rapidly changing, the Company is unable to accurately predict the impact that the coronavirus will have on its business due to uncertainties including, but not limited to, the duration of quarantines and other travel restrictions within China, the U.S. and other affected countries, the ultimate geographical spread of the virus, the severity of the disease, the duration of the outbreak and the public’s response to the outbreak.

NOTE 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Aquamed Technologies, Inc. (“Aquamed”), Oculus Technologies of Mexico S.A. de C.V. (“OTM”), and Sonoma Pharmaceuticals Netherlands, B.V. (“SP Europe”). Aquamed has no current operations. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The functional currency for the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries incorporated outside the United States (“U.S.”) is the U.S. dollar. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant estimates and assumptions include reserves and write-downs related to receivables and inventories, the recoverability of long-lived assets, the valuation allowance relating to the Company’s deferred tax assets, valuation of equity and derivative instruments, fair value allocation of assets sold to Invekra, and the estimated amortization periods of upfront product licensing fees received from customers. Periodically, the Company evaluates and adjusts estimates accordingly.

Revenue Recognition

On April 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers Topic 606” (“Topic 606”) using the modified retrospective method. There was no impact to the Company upon the adoption of Topic 606. Revenue is recognized when the Company transfers promised goods or services to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as the Company fulfills its obligations under the agreement, the Company performs the following steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that it will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer.

The Company derives the majority of its revenue through sales of its products to a customer base, including hospitals, medical centers, doctors, pharmacies, distributors and wholesalers. The Company sells products directly to end users and to distributors. The Company also has entered into agreements to license its technology and products. The Company also provides regulatory compliance testing and quality assurance services to medical device and pharmaceutical companies.

The Company considers customer purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by master sales agreements, to be the contracts with a customer. For each contract, the Company considers the promise to transfer products, each of which are distinct, to be the identified performance obligations. In determining the transaction price the Company evaluates whether the price is subject to refund or adjustment to determine the net consideration to which it expects to be entitled.

For all of its sales to non-consignment distribution channels, revenue is recognized when control of the product is transferred to the customer (i.e. when its performance obligation is satisfied), which typically occurs when title passes to the customer upon shipment but could occur when the customer receives the product based on the terms of the agreement with the customer.  For product sales to its value-added resellers, non-stocking distributors and end-user customers, the Company grants return privileges to its customers, and because the Company has a long history with its customers, the Company is able to estimate the amount of product that will be returned.  Sales incentives and other programs that the Company may make available to these customers are considered to be a form of variable consideration, and the Company maintains estimated accruals and allowances using the expected value method.

The Company has entered into consignment arrangements, in which goods are left in the possession of another party to sell. As products are sold from the customer to third parties, the Company recognizes revenue based on a variable percentage of a fixed price.  Revenue recognized varies depending on whether a patient is covered by insurance or is not covered by insurance. In addition, the Company may incur a revenue deduction related to the use of the Company’s rebate program.

Sales to stocking distributors are made under terms with fixed pricing and limited rights of return (known as “stock rotation”) of the Company’s products held in their inventory. Revenue from sales to distributors is recognized upon the transfer of control to the distributor.

The Company assessed the promised goods and services in the technical support to Invekra for a ten-year period as being a distinct service that Invekra can benefit from on its own and is separately identifiable from any other promises within the contract. Given that the distinct service is not substantially the same as other goods and services within the Invekra contract, the Company accounted for the distinct service as a performance obligation.

Service revenue from testing contracts is recognized as tests are completed and a final report is sent to the customer.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents the Company’s disaggregated revenues by revenue source:

Sales Tax and Value Added Taxes

The Company accounts for sales taxes and value added taxes imposed on its goods and services on a net basis.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents may be invested in money market funds, commercial paper, variable rate demand instruments, and certificates of deposits.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Major Customers

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained in financial institutions in the United States, Mexico and the Netherlands. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by these financial institutions for amounts in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits. Cash and cash equivalents held in foreign banks are intentionally kept at minimal levels, and therefore have minimal credit risk associated with them.

The Company grants credit to its business customers, which are primarily located in Mexico, Europe and the United States. Collateral is generally not required for trade receivables. The Company maintains allowances for potential credit losses. At March 31, 2020 and 2019, no customers represented more than 10% of net accounts receivable balance, respectively. For the year ended March 31, 2020, one customer represented 15%, and one customer represented 11% of net revenues. For the year ended March 31, 2019, one customer represented 18%, and one customer represented 10% of net revenues.

Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded net of allowances for cash discounts for prompt payment, doubtful accounts, and sales returns. Estimates for cash discounts and sales returns are based on analysis of contractual terms and historical trends.

The Company’s policy is to reserve for uncollectible accounts based on its best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in its existing accounts receivable. The Company periodically reviews its accounts receivable to determine whether an allowance for doubtful accounts is necessary based on an analysis of past due accounts and other factors that may indicate that the realization of an account may be in doubt. Other factors that the Company considers include its existing contractual obligations, historical payment patterns of its customers and individual customer circumstances, an analysis of days sales outstanding by customer and geographic region, and a review of the local economic environment and its potential impact on government funding and reimbursement practices. Account balances deemed to be uncollectible are charged to the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents probable credit losses at March 31, 2020 and 2019 in the amounts of $1,028,000 and $24,000, respectively. Additionally, at March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company has allowances of $1,230,000 and $443,000, respectively, related to potential discounts, returns, distributor fees and rebates. The allowances are included in Accounts Receivable, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, cost being determined on a standard cost basis (which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis), or net realizable value.

Due to changing market conditions, estimated future requirements, age of the inventories on hand and production of new products, the Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on hand and records a provision to write down excess and obsolete inventory to its estimated net realizable value. The Company recorded a provision to reduce the carrying amounts of inventories to their net realizable value in the amounts of $600,000 and $184,000 at March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which is included in cost of product revenues on the Company’s accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.

Financial Assets and Liabilities

Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other liabilities are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value of capital lease obligations and equipment loans approximates their carrying amounts as a market rate of interest is attached to their repayment. The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The Company uses three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 – quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets

Level 3 – inputs that are unobservable (for example cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions)

Level 3 liabilities are valued using unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the liabilities. For fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s accounting and finance department, who report to the Chief Financial Officer, determine its valuation policies and procedures. The development and determination of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s accounting and finance department and are approved by the Chief Financial Officer.

As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no transfers in or out of Level 3 from other levels in the fair value hierarchy.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Depreciation of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the remaining term of the lease. Estimated useful asset life by classification is as follows:

Upon retirement or sale, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the consolidated balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically reviews the carrying values of its long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances would indicate that it is more likely than not that their carrying values may exceed their realizable values, and records impairment charges when considered necessary. Specific potential indicators of impairment include, but are not necessarily limited to:

When circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred, the Company tests such assets for recoverability by comparing the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of such assets and their eventual disposition to their carrying amounts. In estimating these future cash flows, assets and liabilities are grouped at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows generated by other such groups. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss, measured as the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its estimated fair value, will be recognized. The cash flow estimates used in such calculations are based on estimates and assumptions, using all available information that management believes is reasonable.

During the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had noted no indicators of impairment.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred and consists primarily of personnel expenses, clinical and regulatory services and supplies. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, research and development expense amounted to $1,339,000 and $1,518,000, respectively.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are charged to operations as incurred. Advertising costs amounted to $35,000 and $157,000, for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Advertising costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.

Shipping and Handling Costs

The Company classifies amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling in sale transactions as product revenues. The corresponding shipping and handling costs incurred are recorded in cost of product revenues. For the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded revenue related to shipping and handling costs of $57,000 and $55,000, respectively. These amounts are included in product revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.

Foreign Currency Reporting

The Company’s subsidiary, OTM, uses the local currency (Mexican Pesos) as its functional currency and its subsidiary, SP Europe, uses the local currency (Euro) as its functional currency. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, and revenue and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates during the period. Resulting translation adjustments amounted to $1,261,000 and $374,000 for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These amounts were recorded in other comprehensive loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) relate primarily to trade payables and receivables and intercompany transactions between subsidiaries OTM and SP Europe. These transactions are expected to be settled in the foreseeable future. The Company recorded foreign currency transaction gains of $306,000, and foreign currency transaction losses of $162,000, for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The related amounts were recorded in other expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for share-based awards exchanged for employee services at the estimated grant date fair value of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of employee stock option awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company amortizes the fair value of employee stock options on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards.  Compensation expense includes the impact of an estimate for forfeitures for all stock options.

The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees at their fair value on the measurement date. The measurement of stock-based compensation is subject to periodic adjustment as the underlying equity instrument vests or becomes non-forfeitable. Non-employee stock-based compensation charges are amortized over the vesting period or as earned.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to impact taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.

Tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. A tax benefit from an uncertain tax position is only recognized if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. Uncertain tax positions have had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of comprehensive (loss) income or cash flows.

Comprehensive Loss

Other comprehensive loss includes all changes in stockholders’ equity during a period from non-owner sources and is reported in the consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. To date, other comprehensive loss consists of changes in accumulated foreign currency translation adjustments. Accumulated other comprehensive losses at March 31, 2020 and 2019 were $5,610,000 and $4,349,000, respectively.

Net Loss per Share

The Company computes basic net loss per share by dividing net loss per share available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and excludes the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share, if presented, would include the dilution that would occur upon the exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive securities into common stock using the “treasury stock” and/or “if converted” methods as applicable. The computation of basic loss per share for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 excludes the potentially dilutive securities summarized in the table below because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

Common Stock Purchase Warrants and Other Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company classifies common stock purchase warrants and other free standing derivative financial instruments as equity if the contracts (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) give the Company a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). The Company classifies any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside the control of the Company), (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement), or (iii) contain reset provisions as either an asset or a liability. The Company assesses classification of its freestanding derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities is required. The Company determined that its freestanding derivatives, which principally consist of warrants to purchase common stock, satisfied the criteria for classification as equity instruments, other than certain warrants that contained reset provisions and certain warrants that required net-cash settlement that the Company classified as derivative liabilities.

Preferred Stock

The Company applies the accounting standards for distinguishing liabilities from equity when determining the classification and measurement of its preferred stock. Shares that are subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as liability instruments and are measured at fair value. The Company classifies conditionally redeemable preferred shares, which includes preferred shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control, as temporary equity. At all other times, preferred shares are classified as stockholders' equity.

Subsequent Events

Management has evaluated subsequent events or transactions occurring through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued.

Adoption of Recent Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) which supersedes FASB ASC Topic 840, Leases (Topic 840) and provides principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both lessees and lessors. The FASB has continued to clarify this guidance and most recently issued ASU 2017-13 Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to the Staff Announcement at the July 20, 2017 EITF Meeting and Rescission of Prior SEC Staff Announcements and Observer Comments. The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than twelve months regardless of classification. Leases with a term of twelve months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 on April 1, 2019. As a result of adopting this guidance, the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019 was not restated and is not comparative. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations. (Note 12)

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2018-02”). ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for any interim period for which financial statements have not been issued. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements due the presence of a full valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.

Recent Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“Update 2016-13”). Update 2016-13 requires companies to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets, including trade receivables. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820); Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, ("Update 2018-13"). Update 2018-13 provided an update to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements under the scope of ASC 820. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software, (“Update 2018-15”). Update 2018-15 provided guidance for evaluating the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In November 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808), (“Update 2018-18”). Update 2018-18 provided additional guidance regarding the interaction between Topic 808 on Collaborative Arrangements and Topic 606 on Revenue Recognition. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In April 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, (“Update 2019-04”). Update 2019-04 represents changes to clarify, correct errors in, or improve the codification for these topics. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The update simplifies the accounting for income taxes through certain targeted improvements to various subtopics within Topic 740. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 4 – Sale of Assets

Sale of Assets to Petagon Limited

On May 20, 2019, the Company closed on an Asset Purchase Agreement for the sale of certain animal health product rights and assets for the Asian and European markets to Petagon, Limited, (“Petagon”) an international importer and distributor of quality pet food and products. The sales price for the assets was $2,700,000. The Company agreed that it will continue to supply products to Petagon for five years at certain agreed upon transfer prices. The sale involves certain Asian patents and trademarks, and the exclusive right to distribute animal health care products in Asia and Europe.

The Company determined that there were two separate performance obligations under the Asset Purchase Agreement. These performance obligations were the delivery of production equipment to Petagon as a security and the transfer of the intellectual property and territory rights.

The Company estimated the value of the production equipment by determining the cost and applying a mark up to the selling price at a market participant margin. The Company then applied the residual approach to derive the fair value of the intellectual property and territory rights.

The Company will provide product under a reduced price from its prior list price. The Company incurred costs of approximately $163,000 to fulfill its obligations to deliver certain production equipment to Petagon.

The proceeds from the sale were allocated to the components of the sale utilizing the residual approach as follows:

The proceeds related to the production equipment were recognized upon delivery of the equipment in March 2020. The proceeds related to the intellectual property and territory rights were included in gain on sale on the closing date.

For a certain period after closing, Petagon shall have first refusal rights to acquire other certain marketing territories.

Sale of Product Rights to Microsafe Group, DMCC

On February 21, 2020, the Company closed on an Asset Purchase Agreement for the sale of certain wound care and animal health product rights and assets for the Middle East and disinfectant rights for the European and Australian markets to Microsafe Group, DMCC (“Microsafe”), an international distributor. The purchase price for the product rights and assets was $1,100,000.

The Company agreed that it will continue to supply products to Petagon for five years at certain agreed upon transfer prices. The sale involves certain Asian patents and trademarks, and the exclusive right to distribute animal health care products in Asia and Europe.

The Company determined that there were two separate performance obligations under the Asset Purchase Agreement. These performance obligations were the delivery of production equipment to Petagon as a security and the transfer of the intellectual property and territory rights.

The Company estimated the value of the production equipment by determining the cost and applying a mark up to the selling price at a market participant margin. The Company then applied the residual approach to derive the fair value of the intellectual property and territory rights.

The Company will provide product under a reduced price from its prior list price. The Company will incur costs of approximately $75,000 to fulfill its obligations to deliver certain production equipment to Microsafe.

The proceeds from the sale were allocated to the components of the sale utilizing the residual approach as follows:

The proceeds related to the production equipment are included in deferred revenue and will be recognized upon delivery of the equipment. The proceeds related to the intellectual property and territory rights are included in gain on sale on the closing date.

Depreciation and amortization expense amounted to $312,000 and $453,000 for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

For the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company incurred a loss of $21,000 on the disposal of property and equipment. For the year ended March 31, 2020, the Company incurred a loss of $18,000 on the disposal of property and equipment.

NOTE 10 – Common Stock Liability

On October 4, 2018, the Company sold 12,556 shares of common stock, at a price of $21.51 per share, through its At Market Issuance Sales Agreement with B. Riley FBR, Inc. for gross proceeds of $270,000 and net proceeds of $262,000 after deducting commissions and other offering expenses. This sale exceeded the aggregate market value of the Company’s securities sold during the period of twelve calendar months prior to the sale of one-third of the aggregate market value of its common stock held by non-affiliates, and thus, the 12,556 shares of common stock were unregistered. The Company could be liable in the event claims or suits for rescission are brought and successfully concluded for failure to register these securities or for acts or omissions constituting offenses under the Securities Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or applicable state securities laws. The Company could be liable for damages and penalties assessed by the SEC and state securities regulators. Accordingly, at March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a $270,000 liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The statute of limitations expired in October 2019, and as a result the liability was released and was reclassified to equity on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2020.

NOTE 11 – Long-Term Debt

Financing of Insurance Premiums

On February 1, 2019, the Company entered into a note agreement for $349,000 with an interest rate of 6.06% per annum with final payment on December 1, 2019. This instrument was issued in connection with financing insurance premiums. The note is payable in monthly installments of $36,000. During the year ended March 31, 2020, the Company made principal and interest payments in the amounts of $316,000 and $8,000, respectively. During the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company made principal and interest payments in the amounts of $34,000 and $2,000, respectively. There is no outstanding balance on this note as of March 31, 2020.

On February 1, 2020, the Company entered into a note agreement for $534,000 with an interest rate of 5.48% per annum with final payment on December 1, 2019. This instrument was issued in connection with financing insurance premiums. The note is payable in monthly installments of $53,000. During the year ended March 31, 2020, the Company made principal and interest payments in the amounts of $53,000 and $2,000, respectively.

NOTE 12 – Leases

The Company has entered into operating and finance leases as the lessee for office space, manufacturing facilities, R&D laboratories, warehouses, vehicles and equipment. On April 1, 2019 (“Effective Date”), the Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”), which increases transparency and comparability by recognizing a lessee’s rights and obligations resulting from leases by recording them on the balance sheet as lease assets and lease liabilities. The new guidance requires the recognition of the right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and related operating and finance lease liabilities on the balance sheet. The Company adopted the new guidance using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded on April 1, 2019. As a result, the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019 was not restated and is not comparative.

The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of ROU assets of $1,442,000, lease liabilities for operating leases of $1,502,000 on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of April 1, 2019, and a cumulative-effect adjustment of $61,000 to the Company’s accumulated deficit, with no material impact to its consolidated statements of operations. The difference between the ROU assets and the operating lease liability represents the effect of previously unrecognized deferred rent balances. The Company's accounting for finance leases remained substantially unchanged from its accounting for capital leases in prior periods. Finance leases are not material to the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, consolidated balance sheets, or consolidated statement of cash flows.

The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted within the standard, which allow an entity to forgo reassessing (i) whether a contract contains a lease, (ii) classification of leases, and (iii) whether capitalized costs associated with a lease meet the definition of initial direct costs. Also, the Company elected the expedient allowing an entity to use hindsight to determine the lease term and impairment of ROU assets and the expedient to allow the Company to not have to separate lease and non-lease components. The Company has also elected the short-term lease accounting policy under which the Company would not recognize a lease liability or ROU asset for any lease that at the commencement date has a lease term of twelve months or less and does not include a purchase option that Sonoma is more than reasonably certain to exercise.

For contracts entered into on or after the Effective Date, at the inception of a contract the Company will assess whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. The Company's assessment is based on: (i) whether the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (ii) whether the Company obtained the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of the asset throughout the period, and (iii) whether the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. Leases entered into prior to April 1, 2019, which were accounted for under ASC 840, were not reassessed for classification. 

For operating leases, the lease liability is initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments. For finance leases, the lease liability is initially measured in the same manner and date as for operating leases, and is subsequently presented at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for leases, unless an interest rate is implicitly stated in the lease. The present value of the lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate for operating and finance leases, which was determined using a portfolio approach based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. The lease term for all of the Company’s leases includes the noncancelable period of the lease plus any additional periods covered by either a Company option to extend the lease that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, or an option to extend the lease controlled by the lessor. All ROU assets are reviewed for impairment.

Lease expense for operating leases consists of the lease payments plus any initial direct costs and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease expense for finance leases consists of the amortization of the asset on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or its useful life and interest expense determined on an amortized cost basis, with the lease payments allocated between a reduction of the lease liability and interest expense.

The Company's operating leases are comprised primarily of facility leases. Finance leases are comprised primarily of vehicle leases. Balance sheet information related to our leases is presented below:

Other information related to leases is presented below:

As of March 31, 2020, the annual minimum lease payments of our operating lease liabilities were as follows:

NOTE 13 – Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

On occasion, the Company may be involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business including matters involving proprietary technology. While management believes that such matters are currently insignificant, matters arising in the ordinary course of business for which the Company is or could become involved in litigation may have a material adverse effect on its business and financial condition of comprehensive loss.

Employment Agreements

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had employment agreements in place with four of its key executives. Three of the executive employment agreements provide, among other things, for the payment of up to twelve months of severance compensation for terminations under certain circumstances. With respect to these agreements, at March 31, 2020, aggregated annual salaries would be $984,000 and potential severance payments to these key executives would be $684,000 if triggered.

Subsequent to year end, the Company severed relationships with two of the key executives. The Company made severance payments totaling $254,000 in the first fiscal quarter of fiscal year 2021.

Effective on December 26, 2019, the Company entered into a new employment agreement with its Chief Executive Officer, Amy Trombly, after her prior agreement expired on December 25, 2019 pursuant to its terms. The employment agreement is effective as of December 26, 2019, and has a term until December 31, 2020, subject to mutual extension by three-month increments.

The Company agreed to continue to pay Ms. Trombly a base salary of $25,000 per month, and to provide standard medical, dental and vacation benefits. Ms. Trombly will be eligible for a bonus of up to $150,000 per year upon the completion of certain agreed-upon goals based on the sole discretion of the Compensation Committee. As was the case with her old agreement, certain legal services not provided by Ms. Trombly will continue to be billed by Trombly Business Law, PC. The Board also agreed that during her time as Chief Executive Officer, Ms. Trombly may continue to represent other clients in her role as attorney. The employment agreement may be terminated by the Company or Ms. Trombly upon sixty days’ written notice at any time and for any reason.

Upon termination of the agreement Ms. Trombly agreed to resign from any and all directorships and every other position held by the executive with the Company or any of its subsidiaries, and to return to the Company of all property she received from or on account of the Company.

Related Party Transactions

Effective September 25, 2019, Ms. Trombly was appointed the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Ms. Trombly is the owner of Trombly Business Law, PC which has been retained by the Company to advise on certain corporate and securities law matters. During the years ending March 31, 2020, the Company received $255,000 in legal services from Trombly Business Law, PC.

Other Matters

Nasdaq Listing

On January 4, 2019, the Company received a letter from the Listing Qualifications staff of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, notifying the Company that, for the previous 30 consecutive business days, the Company failed to comply with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), which requires the Company to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share for its common stock.

In accordance with Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(C), Nasdaq has granted the Company a period of 180 calendar days, or until July 3, 2019, to regain compliance with the Rule. The Company may regain compliance with the Rule at any time during this compliance period if the minimum bid price for its common stock is at least $1.00 for a minimum of ten consecutive business days.

The Company effected a 1-for-9 reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock effective June 19, 2019, in order to regain compliance with the Rule. On July 5, 2019, Nasdaq informed the Company that it regained compliance with the Listing Rule and that the matter was closed.

NOTE 14 – Stockholders’ Equity

Authorized Capital

Effective September 13, 2018, the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in order to effect an increase of the total number of shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, authorized for issuance from 12,000,000 to a total of 24,000,000. Additionally, the Company is authorized to issue 714,286 shares of convertible preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share.

Description of Common Stock

Each share of common stock has the right to one vote. The holders of common stock are entitled to dividends when funds are legally available and when declared by the board of directors.

Description of Series B Preferred Stock

On October 18, 2016, the Company’s board of directors approved, and the Company entered into, a Section 382 rights agreement, or the Rights Agreement, with Computershare Inc., or the Rights Agent. The Rights Agreement provides for a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right, or a Right, for each share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company outstanding on November 1, 2016, or the Record Date. Each Right entitles the holder to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth of a share of Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, or the Preferred Stock, for a purchase price of $10.00, subject to adjustment as provided in the Rights Agreement. The description and terms of the rights are set forth in the Rights Agreement.

In connection with the adoption of the Rights Agreement, the Company’s board of directors adopted a Certificate of Designation of Series B Preferred Stock. The Certificate of Designation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and became effective on October 18, 2016.

The Company’s board of directors adopted the Rights Agreement to protect shareholder value by guarding against a potential limitation on the Company’s ability to use its net operating loss carryforwards, or NOLs, and other tax benefits, which may be used to reduce potential future income tax obligations. The Company has experienced and continue to experience substantial operating losses, and under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and rules promulgated thereunder, the Company may “carry forward” these NOLs and other tax benefits in certain circumstances to offset any current and future earnings and thus reduce our income tax liability, subject to certain requirements and restrictions. To the extent that the NOLs and other tax benefits do not otherwise become limited, the Company believes that it will be able to carry forward a significant amount of NOLs and other tax benefits, and therefore these NOLs and other tax benefits could be a substantial asset to the Company. However, if the Company experiences an “ownership change,” as defined in Section 382 of the Code, its ability to use its NOLs and other tax benefits will be substantially limited. Generally, an ownership change would occur if our shareholders who own, or are deemed to own, 5% or more of the Company’s common stock increase their collective ownership in the Company by more than 50% over a rolling three-year period.

Sale of Common and Series C Preferred Stock Units

On November 26, 2019, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement with Dawson James Securities, Inc., with respect to the issuance and sale of an aggregate of up to 448,949 shares of its common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, in a public offering. The offering closed on November 29, 2019 and the final number of shares sold in the offering was 446,577. The public offering price for each share was $3.50. The Company recorded gross proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock of $1,563,000, and net proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock of $1,376,000, after deducting placement agent commissions and other offering expenses.

On November 16, 2018, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement with Dawson James Securities, Inc. with respect to the issuance and sale of units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share or, in lieu of common stock, if purchasing common stock would result in the purchaser, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the outstanding common stock, shares of Series C convertible into shares of common stock, together with warrants to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal to $9.00 per whole share, in a public offering. The public offering price for each unit was $9.00. The warrants offered in the public offering are Series C warrants and will terminate on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. Each full warrant will entitle the holder to purchase one share of common stock at an initial exercise price of $9.00 per share.

The closing of the offering occurred on November 21, 2018 and at such closing the Company sold 507,156 shares of common stock, 9.65 shares of Series C (convertible into 107,222 shares of common stock) and warrants to purchase up to 307,188 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $5,530,000. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the shares of common stock, or preferred stock, and the warrants was $4,743,000, after deducting placement agent commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by the Company.

Pursuant to the placement agency agreement, the Company agreed to pay Dawson James Securities, Inc. a cash fee equal to 8% of the aggregate gross proceeds raised in this offering. The Company also agreed to pay fees and expenses of the placement agent, not to exceed $167,500, and to issue to Dawson James Securities, Inc., on the closing date, a unit purchase option for the purchase of up to 276,470 units to purchase up to 46,000 shares of common stock, equal to 5% of the aggregate number of units sold in the public offering, with an exercise price of $11.25, or 125% of the price per unit. The Benchmark Company, LLC provided certain financial advisory services. As compensation for services provided, the Company made a cash payment of $74,000 and on November 16, 2018 issued common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 7,639 shares of common stock. The common stock purchase warrants have an exercise price of $9.00 per share, become exercisable on the 180th day after the date of issuance and expire on November 16, 2023.

During the year ended March 31, 2019, investors who participated in the transaction converted 8.10 shares of Series C into 90,000 shares of common stock.

At-the-Market Offering

On December 8, 2017, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, with B. Riley FBR, Inc. (“B. Riley”) under which the Company may issue and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $5,000,000 from time to time through B. Riley acting as its sales agent. The Company will pay B. Riley a commission rate equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of any shares of common stock sold through B. Riley as agent. For the year ended March 31, 2019, the Company sold 29,710 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $999,000 and net proceeds of $957,000 after deducting commissions and other offering expenses. The At Market Issuance Sales Agreement was terminated on December 20, 2019.

NOTE 15 – Stock-Based Compensation

2006 Stock Plan

The board initially adopted the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan on August 25, 2006. On December 14, 2006, the stockholders approved the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan which became effective at the close of the Company’s initial public offering. The 2006 Stock Incentive Plan was later amended and restated by a unanimous board resolution on April 26, 2007, and such amendments were subsequently approved by the stockholders. On September 10, 2009, the Company’s shareholders approved a subsequent amendment to the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. The 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated, is hereafter referred to as the “2006 Plan.”

The 2006 Plan provided for the granting of incentive stock options to employees and the granting of non-statutory stock options to employees, non-employee directors, advisors and consultants. The 2006 Plan also provided for grants of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and stock unit awards to employees, non-employee directors, advisors and consultants.

In accordance with the 2006 Plan the stated exercise price may not be less than 100% and 85% of the estimated fair market value of common stock on the date of grant for ISOs and NSOs, respectively, as determined by the board of directors at the date of grant. With respect to any 10% stockholder, the exercise price of an ISO or NSO shall not be less than 110% of the estimated fair market value per share on the date of grant.

Options issued under the 2006 Plan generally have a ten-year term.

2011 Stock Plan

On September 12, 2011, upon recommendation of the board, the stockholders approved the Company’s 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”). The 2011 Plan is effective as of June 21, 2012.

The 2011 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code to employees, and the grant of non-statutory stock options and stock purchase rights to employees, non-employee directors, advisors and consultants. The 2011 Plan also permits the grant of stock appreciation rights, stock units and restricted stock.

The board has initially authorized 9,508 of the Company’s common stock for issuance under the 2011 Plan, in addition to automatic increases provided for in the 2011 Plan through April 1, 2021. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock reserved for issuance under the 2011 Plan will automatically increase, with no further action by the stockholders, at the beginning of each fiscal year by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 15% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding year, or (ii) an amount approved by the Company’s board of directors.

Options issued under the 2011 Plan will generally have a ten-year term.

In accordance with the 2011 Plan, the stated exercise price of an employee incentive stock option shall not be less than 100% of the estimated fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant, and the stated exercise price of an non-statutory option shall not be less 85% of the estimated fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant, as determined by the board of directors. An employee who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of outstanding stock of the Company shall not be eligible for the grant of an employee incentive stock option unless such grant satisfies the requirements of Section 422(c)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code.

Shares subject to awards that expire unexercised or are forfeited or terminated for any other reason will again become available for issuance under the 2011 Plan. No participant in the 2011 Plan can receive option grants, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, or stock units for more than 2,381 shares in the aggregate in any calendar year. As provided under the 2011 Plan, the aggregate number of shares authorized for issuance as awards under the 2011 Plan automatically increases on April 1 of each year by in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 15% of the outstanding shares on the last day of the immediately preceding year, or (ii) an amount determined by the board. During the year ended March 31, 2019, the board of directors approved an increase of 102,863 shares authorized for issuance. During the year ended March 31, 2020, the board of directors approved an increase of 197,450 shares authorized for issuance.

2016 Stock Plan

On September 2, 2016, upon recommendation of the board, the stockholders approved the Company’s 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan is effective as of September 2, 2016.

The 2016 Plan provides for the grant of options, including incentive stock options as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code to employees, stock appreciation rights, restricted awards, performance share awards and performance compensation awards to employees, non-employee directors, advisors and consultants.

Options issued under the 2016 Plan will generally have a ten-year term.

In accordance with the 2016 Plan, the stated exercise price of an employee incentive stock option or a non-statutory stock option shall not be less than 100% of the estimated fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. An employee who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of outstanding stock of the Company shall not be eligible for the grant of an employee incentive stock option unless such grant satisfies the requirements of Section 422(c)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code.

Shares subject to awards that expire unexercised or are forfeited or terminated for any other reason will again become available for issuance under the 2016 Plan. No participant in the 2016 Plan can receive more than 11,112 option grants, or other awards with respect to more than 13,334 shares in the aggregate in any calendar year.

The board has authorized 44,445 of the Company’s common stock for issuance under the 2016 Plan, in addition to automatic increases provided for in the 2016 Plan through April 1, 2026. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock reserved for issuance under the 2016 Plan will automatically increase, with no further action by the stockholders, at the beginning of each fiscal year by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 8% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding year, or (ii) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors. During the year ended March 31, 2019, the board of directors approved an increase of 4,860 shares authorized for issuance. During the year ended March 31, 2020, the board of directors approved an increase of 105,306 shares authorized for issuance.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company issues service, performance and market-based stock options to employees and non-employees. The Company estimates the fair value of service and performance stock option awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company estimates the fair value of market-based stock option awards using a Monte-Carlo simulation. Compensation expense for stock option awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting period. Compensation expense includes the impact of an estimate for forfeitures for all stock options.

The expected term of the stock options represents the average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the expected term calculated using the approach prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 for “plain vanilla” options. The expected stock price volatility for the Company’s stock options was determined by using an average of the historical volatilities of the Company and its industry peers. The Company will continue to analyze the stock price volatility and expected term assumptions as more data for the Company’s common stock and exercise patterns become available. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based on the U.S. Treasury instruments whose term was consistent with the expected term of the Company’s stock options. The expected dividend assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts.

The Company estimated the fair value of employee and non-employee stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of employee stock options is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the respective awards. The fair value of employee stock options was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions: