Total amount in $ millions of each class
of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period
presented. false0001635977N-2/ANoThe expenses of administering the
Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan are included
in “Other Expenses.” You will pay brokerage charges if you direct
your broker or the plan agent to sell your Shares that you acquired
pursuant to the Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase
Plan. You may also pay a pro rata share of brokerage commissions
incurred in connection with open-market purchases pursuant to the
Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. See
“Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan.” The management fee
is charged as a percentage of the Trust’s average daily Managed
Assets, as opposed to net assets. If leverage is used, Managed
Assets will be greater in amount than net assets, because Managed
Assets includes borrowings for investment purposes. “Other
Expenses” for the current fiscal year. As reported by Bloomberg
LLP. Based on the Trust’s computations, on the day that the high or
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iso4217:USDxbrli:shares
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
November 10, 2022.
1933 Act File No. 333-267555
1940 Act File No. 811-23037
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC
20549
FORM N-2
x REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
x PRE-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO. 1
¨ POST-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO.
x
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
x AMENDMENT
NO. 17
TEKLA WORLD
HEALTHCARE FUND
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
100 Federal Street, 19th Floor
Boston, MA 02110
(617) 772-8500
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone
Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal
Executive Offices)
DANIEL R. OMSTEAD, Ph.D.
100 Federal Street, 19th Floor
Boston, MA 02110
(Name, address including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of agent for service)
Copies of Communications to:
CHRISTOPHER P. HARVEY, ESQ.
ALLISON M. FUMAI, ESQ.
Dechert LLP
One International Place, 40th Floor
100 Oliver Street
Boston, MA 02110
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as
practicable after the effective date of this Registration
Statement.
If appropriate, check the following box:
¨ |
The only securities being registered
on the form are being offered pursuant to a dividend or interest
reinvestment plan. |
x |
Any securities being registered on
this form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in
reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other
than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment
plan. |
x |
This Form is a registration statement pursuant to General
Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto. |
¨ |
This form is a registration
statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective
amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the
Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities
Act. |
¨ |
This form is a post-effective
amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General
Instruction B to register additional securities or additional
classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the
Securities Act. |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective
(check appropriate box):
x |
when declared effective pursuant to
section 8(c) of the Securities Act. |
If appropriate, check the following box:
¨ |
This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date
for a previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration
statement]. |
¨ |
This form is filed to register additional securities for an
offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities
Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is:
_______. |
¨ |
This form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities
Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering is: ______. |
¨ |
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities
Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering is: ______. |
Check each box that appropriately characterizes the
Registrant:
x |
Registered Closed-End Fund (closed-end company that is
registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
“Investment Company Act”)). |
☐ |
Business Development Company (closed-end company that intends
or has elected to be regulated as a business development company
under the Investment Company Act. |
☐ |
Interval Fund (Registered Closed-End Fund or a Business
Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under
Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act). |
x |
A.2 Qualified (qualified to register
securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form). |
¨ |
Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as
defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act). |
¨ |
Emerging Growth Company (as defined
by Rule 12b-2 under the Securities and Exchange Act of
1934). |
¨ |
If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the
Securities Act. |
¨ |
New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment
Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this
filing). |
The
Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date
or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the
Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states
that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective
in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of
1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on
such dates as the Commission, acting pursuant to said
Section 8(a), may determine.
PROSPECTUS
The information contained in
this Prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell
these securities until the registration statement filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Prospectus is
not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an
offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale
is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO
COMPLETION
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
DATED NOVEMBER 10, 2022
TEKLA WORLD HEALTHCARE FUND
$150,000,000
Common Shares
New York Stock Exchange Symbol: THW
Tekla World Healthcare Fund (the “Trust”) is a non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company. The Trust’s investment
objective is to seek current income and long-term capital
appreciation. Under normal market conditions, the Trust expects to
invest at least 80% of its Managed Assets (as defined below) in
U.S. and non-U.S. companies engaged in the healthcare industries
(“Healthcare Companies”) including equity securities and debt
securities. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Trust
(including any assets attributable to borrowings for investment
purposes) minus the sum of the Trust’s accrued liabilities (other
than liabilities representing borrowings for investment purposes).
The Trust’s 80% policy may only be changed with 60 days’ prior
notice to the Trust’s shareholders (the “Shareholders”). The Trust
will concentrate its investments in the healthcare industries. No
assurance can be given that the Trust will achieve its investment
objective.
The
Trust may offer, from time to time, up to $150,000,000 aggregate
initial offering price of common shares of beneficial interest, par
value $0.01 per share (“Common Shares”), The Trust may also offer
subscription rights to purchase Common Shares. Common Shares may be
offered in one or more offerings. in amounts, at prices and on
terms set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each
a “Prospectus Supplement”). You should read this Prospectus and any
related Prospectus Supplement carefully before you decide to invest
in the Common Shares.
The
Trust may offer Common Shares (1) directly to one or more
purchasers, including existing Shareholders in a rights offering,
(2) through agents; (3) through underwriters;
(4) through dealers; or (5) pursuant to the Dividend
Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. The Prospectus Supplement
relating to a particular offering of Common Shares will identify
any agents or underwriters involved in the sale of Common Shares,
and will set forth any applicable purchase price, fee, commission
or discount arrangement between the Trust and agents or
underwriters or among underwriters or the basis upon which such
amount may be calculated. The Prospectus Supplement relating to any
offering of rights will set forth the number of Common Shares
issuable upon the exercise of each right (or number of rights) and
the other terms of such rights offering. The Trust may not sell
Common Shares through agents, underwriters or dealers without
delivery of this Prospectus and a Prospectus Supplement. See “Plan
of Distribution.”
Shares of the Trust are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the
“NYSE”) under the symbol “THW.” The net asset value (“NAV”) of the
Common Shares at the close of business on September 6, 2022
was $12.72 per share and the last sale price of the Common Shares
on the NYSE on such date was $14.42, representing a premium to NAV
of 13.36%. See “Net Asset Value.”
Investing in the Trust’s Common Shares involves certain
risks. For a discussion of the risks associated with an investment
in the Trust, see “Risk Factors,” beginning on page 15 of this
Prospectus.
The
Trust adopted a managed distribution policy (the “Policy”) in
August 2015 pursuant to an exemptive order obtained from the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or “Commission”). Under
the current Policy, the Trust intends to make monthly distributions
at a rate of $0.1167 per share to Shareholders of record. The
Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may modify or terminate the
Policy at any time; any such change or termination may have an
adverse effect on the market price for the Trust’s Shares.
To
the extent that the Trust’s taxable income in any fiscal year
exceeds the aggregate amount distributed pursuant to the managed
distribution policy based on a fixed percentage of its NAV, the
Trust would make an additional distribution in the amount of that
excess near the end of the fiscal year. To the extent that
the aggregate amount distributed by the Trust based on a fixed
percentage of its NAV exceeds its current and accumulated earnings
and profits, the amount of that excess would constitute
a
return of capital for tax purposes. A return of
capital is applied against and reduces the Shareholder’s basis in
his or her Shares. While distributions that represent a return of
capital will generally not be taxable to Shareholders, these
distributions may reduce a Shareholder’s cost basis, which could
result in Shareholders having to pay higher taxes in the future
when Shares are sold, even when Shares are sold at a loss from the
original investment. Distributions beyond the Shareholder’s basis
would be treated as a capital gain.
The
actual sources of the Trust’s monthly distributions may be net
investment income, net realized capital gains, return of capital or
a combination of the foregoing and may be subject to retroactive
recharacterization at the end of the Trust’s fiscal year based on
tax regulations. The actual amounts attributable to each of these
sources will be reported to Shareholders in January of each
year on Form 1099-DIV.
This Prospectus sets forth concisely the information about the
Trust you should know before investing, including information about
risks. You should read this Prospectus and retain it for future
reference. A Statement of Additional Information dated [●], 2022
(the “SAI”) containing additional information about the Trust has
been filed with the Commission and is incorporated by reference in
its entirety into this Prospectus. A copy of the SAI, the table of
contents of which appears on page 28 of this Prospectus, and
the Trust’s annual and semiannual reports may be obtained without
charge by contacting the Investment Adviser at (617) 772-8500. The
Commission maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that
contains material incorporated by reference and other information
regarding the Trust. The Trust’s annual and semi-annual reports are
also available on the Trust’s website (www.teklacap.com).
The
Trust’s investment adviser is Tekla Capital Management LLC (the
“Investment Adviser”).
Information about the Trust is available at the Commission’s
Internet site at www.sec.gov
Prospectus dated [●], 2022
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
PAGE |
|
|
|
|
|
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY |
|
6 |
|
TRUST EXPENSES |
|
8 |
|
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS AND INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE |
|
10 |
|
SENIOR SECURITIES |
|
13 |
|
USE OF PROCEEDS |
|
14 |
|
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES |
|
14 |
|
RISK FACTORS |
|
15 |
|
THE TRUST |
|
16 |
|
DESCRIPTION OF TRUST |
|
19 |
|
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE |
|
19 |
|
NET ASSET VALUE |
|
20 |
|
Plan of Distribution |
|
21 |
|
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS |
|
22 |
|
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND STOCK PURCHASE PLAN |
|
23 |
|
TAXATION |
|
25 |
|
ADMINISTRATOR, CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AGENT, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
AND REGISTRAR |
|
26 |
|
LEGAL MATTERS |
|
26 |
|
EXPERTS |
|
26 |
|
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS |
|
27 |
|
Incorporation by Reference |
|
27 |
|
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
|
27 |
|
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS |
|
28 |
|
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
|
28 |
|
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
You
should consider the matters discussed in this summary before
investing in the Trust. The following summary is qualified in its
entirety by reference to the more detailed information appearing
elsewhere in this Prospectus.
The Trust |
The
Trust is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company. The Trust was organized as a Massachusetts business trust
on March 5, 2015, and commenced operations on June 30,
2015. As of September 6, 2022, the Trust had 37,493,316 Shares
outstanding. Shares of the Trust are traded on the New York Stock
Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the symbol “THW.” As of
September 6, 2022, the Trust’s NAV per Share was $12.72 and
the Trust’s last reported share price of a Share on the NYSE was
$14.42. |
|
|
The Offer |
The
Trust may offer, from time to time, up to $150,000,000 aggregate
initial offering price of common shares of beneficial interest, par
value $0.01 per share (“Common Shares”), The Trust may also offer
subscription rights to purchase Common Shares. Common Shares may be
offered in one or more offerings. in amounts, at prices and on
terms set forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each
a “Prospectus Supplement”). You should read this Prospectus and any
related Prospectus Supplement carefully before you decide to invest
in the Common Shares.
The
Trust may offer Common Shares (1) directly to one or more
purchasers, including existing Shareholders in a rights offering,
(2) through agents that the Trust may designate from time to
time or (3) to or through underwriters or dealers. The
Prospectus Supplement relating to a particular offering of Common
Shares will identify any agents or underwriters involved in the
sale of Common Shares, and will set forth any applicable purchase
price, fee, commission or discount arrangement between the Trust
and agents or underwriters or among underwriters or the basis upon
which such amount may be calculated. The Prospectus Supplement
relating to any offering of rights will set forth the number of
Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of each right (or number
of rights) and the other terms of such rights offering. The Trust
may not sell Common Shares through agents, underwriters or dealers
without delivery of this Prospectus and a Prospectus Supplement.
See “Plan of Distribution.”
|
|
|
Use of
Proceeds |
Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Trust
intends to invest the net proceeds of any offering of Common Shares
in accordance with its investment objective and policies as
appropriate investment opportunities are identified. It is
currently anticipated that the Trust will be able to invest
substantially all of the net proceeds of an offering of Common
Shares in accordance with its investment objective and policies
within three months after the completion of such offering,
depending on market conditions and the availability of appropriate
securities. U.S. securities and other U.S. financial instruments
that are not registered or that are offered in an exempt non-public
offering (“Restricted Securities”) may be purchased as appropriate
opportunities arise, which could take up to six months, depending
on market conditions. See “Use of Proceeds.” |
|
|
Investment
Objective and Policies |
Please refer to
the section of the Trust’s most recent
annual report on Form N-CSR entitled “Investment Objective,
Policies, and Risk Factors—Investment Objective and
Policies”, which is incorporated by
reference herein, for a discussion of the Trust’s investment
objective and policies. |
|
|
Distributions |
The
Trust intends to make monthly distributions in cash at a rate of
$0.1167 per share to Shareholders of record. Net realized capital
gains in excess of the total distributed under this policy are
generally included in the December distribution. The Trust’s
monthly distribution policy may be changed by the Board of Trustees
(the “Board”) without
|
|
|
|
Shareholder approval.
The
Trust’s distribution policy and the basis for establishing the rate
of its monthly distributions may be changed at any time by the
Board without Shareholder approval. Pursuant to an exemptive order
obtained from the Commission under Section 19(b) of the
Investment Company Act, the Trust is permitted to distribute
long-term capital gains to Shareholders more than once per year.
See “Dividends and Distributions.”
|
|
Investment Adviser |
Tekla Capital Management LLC (the “Investment Adviser”) serves as
investment adviser to the Trust. See “Management of the
Trust—Investment Adviser.” The majority of the Board is
unaffiliated with the Investment Adviser; nevertheless, the Trust
may be subject to certain potential conflicts of interest. See
“Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage.” |
|
|
|
|
Portfolio Management |
Currently, Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D., Jason C. Akus, M.D./M.B.A.,
Timothy Gasperoni, M.B.A., Ph.D., Ashton L. Wilson, Christopher
Abbott, Robert Benson, Richard Goss, Loretta Tse, Ph.D., Jack Liu,
M.B.A., Ph.D., Christopher Seitz, M.B.A., Graham Attipoe, M.B.A.,
M.D. and Kelly Girskis, Ph.D. are members of a team that analyzes
investments on behalf of the Trust. Dr. Omstead exercises
ultimate decision making authority with respect to investments. See
“Management of the Trust—Investment Adviser.” |
|
|
|
|
Compensation of Investment Adviser |
For the
services provided by the Investment Adviser under the Investment
Advisory Agreement between the Investment Adviser and the Trust
(“Advisory Agreement”), the Trust pays the Adviser a monthly fee at
the rate when annualized of 1.00% of the average daily value of the
Trust’s Managed Assets. Managed Assets means the total assets of
the Trust minus the Trust’s liabilities other than the loan
payable. |
|
|
|
|
Custodian and Transfer Agent |
State
Street Bank and Trust Company serves as the Trust’s custodian, and
Computershare Trust Company, N.A., serves as the Trust’s transfer
agent. |
|
|
|
|
Administrator |
State
Street Bank and Trust Company serves as the Trust’s
administrator. |
|
|
|
|
Risk
Factors |
An
investment in common shares of the Trust involves risk. Please
refer
to the section of the Trust’s most
recent annual report on Form N-CSR entitled “Investment
Objectives, Policies and Risks—Risk Factors”, which is
incorporated by reference herein, for a discussion of the risks of
investing in the Trust. You should carefully consider those risks
before making an investment in the Trust. |
|
TRUST
EXPENSES
The following table is intended to assist investors in
understanding the fees and expenses (annualized) that an investor
in Shares would bear, directly or indirectly. The table is based on
the capital structure of the Trust as of September 30, 2022.
The
table shows Trust expenses as a percentage of net assets
attributable to the Shares. The following table should not be
considered a representation of the Trust’s future expenses. Actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown below.
Shareholder Transaction Expenses ( as a percentage of Subscription
Price) |
|
|
|
Sales Load |
|
—% |
|
Expenses Borne by Shareholders of the Trust |
|
—% |
|
Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Repurchase Plan Fees |
|
None (1) |
|
Annual Expenses (as a percentage of average net assets
attributable to Shares) (1) |
|
|
|
|
Management Fee (2) |
|
|
1.23% |
|
Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds |
|
|
0.21% |
|
Other Expenses (3) |
|
|
0.30% |
|
Total Annual Expenses |
|
|
1.91% |
|
(1) |
The expenses of administering the Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment
and Stock Purchase Plan are included in “Other Expenses.” You will
pay brokerage charges if you direct your broker or the plan agent
to sell your Shares that you acquired pursuant to the Trust’s
Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. You may also pay a
pro rata share of brokerage commissions incurred in connection with
open-market purchases pursuant to the Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment
and Stock Purchase Plan. See “Dividend Reinvestment and Stock
Purchase Plan.” |
(2) |
The management fee is charged as a percentage of the Trust’s
average daily Managed Assets, as opposed to net assets. If leverage
is used, Managed Assets will be greater in amount than net assets,
because Managed Assets includes borrowings for investment
purposes. |
(3) |
“Other Expenses” for the current fiscal year. |
Hypothetical Example
The
following hypothetical example demonstrates the projected dollar
amount of total cumulative expenses that would be incurred over
various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in Shares
of the Trust. These amounts are based upon payment by the Trust of
investment advisory fees and other expenses at the levels set forth
in the table above.
You
would directly or indirectly pay the following expenses on a $1,000
investment in the Trust, assuming (i) all dividends and other
distributions are reinvested at NAV per Share, (ii) the market
price at the time of investment was equal to the NAV per share,
(iii) the percentage amounts listed under Annual Expenses
above remain the same in the years shown, and (iv) a 5% annual
return:
1 Year |
|
3 Years |
|
5 Years |
|
10 Years |
$ |
19 |
|
|
$ |
60 |
|
|
$ |
103 |
|
|
$ |
223 |
|
See
“Financial Highlights” for the Trust’s actual ratio of expenses to
average net assets for the fiscal year ended September 30,
2021 and for the six-month period ended March 31, 2022.
The
purpose of the table above is to assist you in understanding the
various cost and expenses that you will bear directly or indirectly
as an investor in the Trust. For more information on the management
fees paid by the Trust, see “The Trust—Compensation of Investment
Adviser.”
The
purpose of the table above is to assist you in understanding the
various costs and expenses that you will bear directly or
indirectly as an investor in the Trust. For more information
regarding the management fees paid by the Trust, refer to the
section of this Prospectus entitled “Management of the
Trust—Investment Adviser.”
The
above tables and the assumption in the hypothetical example of a 5%
annual return are required by regulations of the Commission
applicable to all investment companies. The example should not be
considered a representation of future expenses and includes the
expenses of the offering. The example assumes that the estimated
“Other Expenses” set forth in the table are accurate and that all
dividends and distributions are reinvested at the Share NAVs.
Actual expenses may be greater or less than those assumed.
Moreover, the Trust’s actual rate of return may be greater or less
than the hypothetical 5% annual return shown in the example below.
The assumed 5% annual return is not a prediction of, and does not
represent, the projected or actual performance of the Trust’s
Shares.
This Hypothetical Example should not be considered a
representation of past or future expenses, and the Trust’s actual
expenses may be greater or less than those shown.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
AND INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE
Financial Highlights
The
financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the
Trust’s financial performance. The selected financial data below
sets forth per Share operating performance data, total investment
return, ratios and supplemental data for the periods presented.
Certain information reflects financial results from a single Trust
Share. The information in this table for the fiscal year ended
2021, 2020, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is derived from the Trust’s
financial statements and was audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP,
an independent registered public accounting firm. This information
should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements
and accompanying notes as of and for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2021, which are incorporated by reference in the
SAI. See “Financial Statements” in the SAI.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
|
|
Six months
ended
March 31, 2022 |
|
Years ended
September 30, |
|
|
|
(Unaudited) |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
2019 |
|
2018 |
|
2017 |
|
OPERATING PERFORMANCE FOR A
SHARE OUTSTANDING THROUGHOUT EACH PERIOD |
|
|
Net asset value per share, beginning of
period |
|
$ |
15.18 |
|
|
$ |
14.14 |
|
|
$ |
13.51 |
|
|
$ |
15.24 |
|
|
$ |
15.55 |
|
|
$ |
16.08 |
|
|
Net investment income
(1) |
|
|
0.05 |
|
|
|
0.08 |
|
|
|
0.10 |
|
|
|
0.06 |
|
|
|
0.11 |
|
|
|
0.12 |
|
|
Net realized and unrealized gain
(loss) |
|
|
0.24 |
|
|
|
2.36 |
|
|
|
1.93 |
|
|
|
(0.40 |
) |
|
|
0.96 |
|
|
|
0.74 |
|
|
Total increase (decrease) from
investment operations |
|
|
0.29 |
|
|
|
2.44 |
|
|
|
2.03 |
|
|
|
(0.34 |
) |
|
|
1.07 |
|
|
|
0.86 |
|
|
Distributions to shareholders
from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income |
|
|
(0.70 |
) |
|
|
(0.14 |
) |
|
|
(0.05 |
) |
|
|
(0.19 |
) |
|
|
(0.60 |
) |
|
|
(1.30 |
) |
|
Net realized capital gains |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(0.03 |
) |
|
Return of capital (tax
basis) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(1.26 |
) |
|
|
(1.35 |
) |
|
|
(1.21 |
) |
|
|
(0.80 |
) |
|
|
(0.07 |
) |
|
Total distributions |
|
|
(0.70 |
) |
|
|
(1.40 |
) |
|
|
(1.40 |
) |
|
|
(1.40 |
) |
|
|
(1.40 |
) |
|
|
(1.40 |
) |
|
Increase resulting from shares
repurchased (1) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
(2) |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
Net asset value per share, end of
period |
|
$ |
14.77 |
|
|
$ |
15.18 |
|
|
$ |
14.14 |
|
|
$ |
13.51 |
|
|
$ |
15.24 |
|
|
$ |
15.55 |
|
|
Per share market value, end of
period |
|
$ |
15.23 |
|
|
$ |
16.45 |
|
|
$ |
14.33 |
|
|
$ |
13.44 |
|
|
$ |
14.03 |
|
|
$ |
14.56 |
|
|
Total investment return at market
value |
|
|
2.98 |
%* |
|
|
26.00 |
% |
|
|
18.14 |
% |
|
|
6.80 |
% |
|
|
6.91 |
% |
|
|
9.47 |
% |
|
Total investment return at net asset
value |
|
|
1.89 |
%* |
|
|
17.91 |
% |
|
|
15.97 |
% |
|
|
(1.10 |
%) |
|
|
8.66 |
% |
|
|
6.74 |
% |
|
RATIOS |
|
Net investment income to average net
assets |
|
|
0.61 |
%** |
|
|
0.53 |
% |
|
|
0.68 |
% |
|
|
0.45 |
% |
|
|
0.78 |
% |
|
|
0.77 |
% |
|
Expenses to average net
assets |
|
|
1.71 |
%** |
|
|
1.74 |
% |
|
|
2.16 |
% |
|
|
2.53 |
% |
|
|
2.28 |
% |
|
|
2.05 |
% |
|
Expenses, excluding interest expense,
to average net assets |
|
|
1.46 |
%** |
|
|
1.51 |
% |
|
|
1.57 |
% |
|
|
1.59 |
% |
|
|
1.57 |
% |
|
|
1.55 |
% |
|
SUPPLEMENTAL
DATA |
|
Net assets at end of period (in
millions) |
|
$ |
552 |
|
|
$ |
566 |
|
|
$ |
427 |
|
|
$ |
407 |
|
|
$ |
463 |
|
|
$ |
480 |
|
|
Portfolio turnover rate |
|
|
19.70 |
%* |
|
|
69.37 |
% |
|
|
48.11 |
% |
|
|
55.17 |
% |
|
|
54.60 |
% |
|
|
58.05 |
% |
|
Senior securities (loan facility)
outstanding (in millions) |
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
$ |
120 |
|
|
Asset coverage ratio on revolving
credit facility at period end |
|
|
560 |
% |
|
|
571 |
% |
|
|
455 |
% |
|
|
440 |
% |
|
|
486 |
% |
|
|
500 |
% |
|
Asset coverage per $1,000 on revolving
credit facility at period end |
|
$ |
5,601 |
|
|
$ |
5,714 |
|
|
$ |
4,554 |
|
|
$ |
4,396 |
|
|
$ |
4,861 |
|
|
$ |
4,999 |
|
|
______________
* Not annualized.
** Annualized.
(1) Computed using average shares outstanding.
(2) Amount represents less than $0.005 per share.
|
|
Year ended ,
September 30,
2016 |
|
For the period
June 30,
2015 to
September 30,
2015 (1) |
|
OPERATING PERFORMANCE FOR A SHARE
OUTSTANDING THROUGHOUT EACH PERIOD |
|
|
Net asset value per share, beginning of
period |
|
$ |
17.38 |
|
|
$ |
19.10 |
(2) |
|
Net investment income (loss)
(3) |
|
|
0.09 |
|
|
|
(0.02 |
) |
|
Net realized and unrealized gain
(loss) |
|
|
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
(1.47 |
) |
|
Total increase (decrease) from
investment operations |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
|
(1.49 |
) |
|
Distributions to shareholders
from: |
|
Net
investment income |
|
|
(1.38 |
)(4) |
|
|
(0.23 |
) |
|
Net
realized capital gains |
|
|
(0.02 |
)(4) |
|
|
— |
|
|
Return of capital (tax basis) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Total distributions |
|
|
(1.40 |
) |
|
|
(0.23 |
) |
|
Increase resulting from shares
repurchased (3) |
|
|
0.07 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Net asset value per share, end of
period |
|
$ |
16.08 |
|
|
$ |
17.38 |
|
|
Per share market value, end of
period |
|
$ |
14.68 |
|
|
$ |
14.38 |
|
|
Total investment return at market
value |
|
|
12.34 |
% |
|
|
(27.07 |
%)* |
|
Total investment return at net asset
value |
|
|
1.81 |
% |
|
|
(7.46 |
%)* |
|
RATIOS |
|
Expenses to average net
assets |
|
|
1.70 |
% |
|
|
1.32 |
%** |
|
Expenses, excluding interest expense,
to average net assets |
|
|
1.47 |
% |
|
|
1.32 |
%** |
|
Net investment income (loss) to average
net assets |
|
|
0.53 |
% |
|
|
(0.37 |
%)** |
|
SUPPLEMENTAL
DATA |
|
Net assets at end of period (in
millions) |
|
$ |
499 |
|
|
$ |
542 |
|
|
Portfolio turnover rate |
|
|
67.00 |
% |
|
|
58.96 |
%* |
|
* Not Annualized.
** Annualized.
(1) Commenced operations on June 30, 2015.
(2) Net asset value beginning of period reflects a deduction
of $0.90 per share sales charge from the initial offering price of
$20.00 per share.
(3) Computed using average shares outstanding.
(4)
Amount previously presented incorrectly as solely distributions
from income has been revised to refect the proper
classification.
Share Price and NAV
The
Trust’s Shares are publicly-held and have been listed and are
trading on the NYSE under the symbol “THW.” The following table
sets forth for the quarters indicated the high and low closing
prices per Share on the NYSE, the corresponding NAV per Share, the
percentage premium or discount at such closing prices, and the
number of Shares traded.
The
NAV per Share as of the close of business on September 6, 2022
was $12.72 and the last reported sales price of a Share that day
was $14.42.
Quarter
Ending
|
|
Market
Price(1) High
|
|
Corresponding
Net Asset
Value(2)
|
|
Market
Premium/ (Discount)(2)
|
|
Corresponding Price(1) Low
|
|
Net Asset
Value(2)
|
|
Premium/ (Discount)(2)
|
|
Trading
Volume(1)
|
Fiscal 2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31 |
|
$13.97 |
|
$14.84 |
|
-5.86% |
|
$13.00 |
|
$13.32 |
|
-2.40% |
|
7,311,726 |
Mar. 31 |
|
$14.49 |
|
$15.25 |
|
-4.98% |
|
$8.89 |
|
$10.50 |
|
-15.33% |
|
13,080,124 |
June 30 |
|
$14.76 |
|
$14.58 |
|
1.24% |
|
$10.83 |
|
$12.29 |
|
-11.88% |
|
13,241,814 |
Sept. 30 |
|
$14.99 |
|
$14.67 |
|
2.18% |
|
$13.82 |
|
$13.76 |
|
0.436% |
|
6,999,269 |
Fiscal 2021 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31 |
|
$16.07 |
|
$14.68 |
|
9.47% |
|
$13.43 |
|
$13.25 |
|
1.36% |
|
6,759,018 |
Mar. 31 |
|
$17.92 |
|
$15.29 |
|
17.20% |
|
$14.29 |
|
$14.63 |
|
-2.32% |
|
12,830,000 |
June 30 |
|
$16.69 |
|
$15.56 |
|
7.26% |
|
$14.86 |
|
$15.15 |
|
-1.91% |
|
12,500,000 |
Sept. 30 |
|
$17.38 |
|
$16.22 |
|
7.15% |
|
$16.13 |
|
$15.45 |
|
4.40% |
|
6,800,000 |
Fiscal 2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31 |
|
$17.08 |
|
$15.63 |
|
9.28% |
|
$15.51 |
|
$14.75 |
|
5.15% |
|
6,310,000 |
Mar. 31 |
|
$16.34 |
|
$15.63 |
|
4.54% |
|
$13.29 |
|
$13.86 |
|
-4.11% |
|
8,990,000 |
June 30 |
|
$10.39 |
|
$14.49 |
|
9.70% |
|
$14.00 |
|
$12.40 |
|
12.90% |
|
7,990,000 |
__________________
|
(1) |
As reported by Bloomberg LLP. |
|
(2) |
Based on the Trust’s computations, on the day that the high or
low market price was recorded. |
SENIOR SECURITIES
Information about our senior securities is shown in the following
table as of the end of the last 10 fiscal years. The information in
this table for the fiscal years ended 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018 and
2017 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent
registered public accounting firm. The Trust’s audited financial
statements appearing in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders
for the year ended September 30, 2021, including the report of
Deloitte & Touche LLP thereon, including accompanying notes
thereto, are incorporated by reference in the SAI. The “--”
indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be
disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
Class and Year |
Total Amount Outstanding
Exclusive of Treasury Securities(1) |
Asset Coverage Per
$1,000 of Indebtedness |
Involuntary
Liquidating
Preferences Per Unit |
Average Market
Value(2) |
Loan Facility 2021 |
$120 |
$5,714 |
$— |
N/A |
Loan Facility 2020 |
$120 |
$4,554 |
$— |
N/A |
Loan Facility 2019 |
$120 |
$4,396 |
$— |
N/A |
Loan Facility 2018 |
$120 |
$4,861 |
$— |
N/A |
Loan Facility 2017 |
$120 |
$4,999 |
$— |
N/A |
Loan Facility 2016 |
$120 |
$5,160 |
$— |
N/A |
_______________
(1) |
Total amount in $ millions of each class of senior securities
outstanding at the end of the period presented. |
(2) |
Not applicable because the senior securities are not registered
for public trading. |
USE OF
PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the Trust
intends to invest the net proceeds of any offering of Common Shares
in accordance with its investment objective and policies as stated
herein. It is currently anticipated that the Trust will be able to
invest substantially all of the net proceeds of an offering of
Common Shares in accordance with its investment objective and
policies within three months after the completion of such offering,
depending on market conditions and the availability of appropriate
securities. Restricted Securities may be purchased as appropriate
opportunities arise, which could take up to six months, depending
on market conditions. The Trust may choose to be more fully
invested in publicly-traded securities during such period. Pending
investment in the securities described above, the proceeds will be
held in short-term securities, including, but not limited to,
obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities (“U.S. Government Securities”), highly rated
money market instruments or mutual funds that invest in such
instruments. As a result of this short-term investment of the
proceeds, a lower return may be realized.
LEVERAGE
The
Trust intends to use financial leverage for investment purposes.
The Trust may issue preferred shares of beneficial interest
("Preferred Shares"), borrow money and/or issue debt securities
(“traditional leverage”). The Trust intends to use traditional
leverage through a credit facility representing up to 20% of the
Trust’s Managed Assets. In addition, the Trust may enter into
reverse repurchase agreements, swaps, futures, forward contracts,
securities lending, short sales, and other derivative transactions,
that have similar effects as leverage (collectively referred to as
“effective leverage”). Furthermore, at no time will the Trust’s use
of leverage, either through traditional leverage or effective
leverage, exceed 30% of the Trust’s Managed Assets. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, effective leverage incurred through the Trust’s
option strategy and use of derivatives for hedging purposes will
not be counted toward the Trust’s limit on the use of effective
leverage or in the overall 30% leverage limitation.
The
Trust’s leveraged capital structure creates special risks not
associated with unleveraged funds having a similar investment
objective and policies. These include the possibility of greater
loss and the likelihood of higher volatility of the NAV, market
price and distributions of the Trust and the asset coverage for
Preferred Shares, if any. Such volatility may increase the
likelihood of the Trust having to sell investments in order to meet
its obligations to make distributions on the Preferred Shares, or
to redeem Preferred Shares when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Also, if the Trust is utilizing leverage, a decline in NAV could
affect the ability of the Trust to make distributions and such a
failure to pay dividends or make distributions could result in the
Trust ceasing to qualify as a regulated investment company under
the Code, as amended.
Other risks and special considerations include the risk that
fluctuations in interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt or
in the interest or dividend rates on any leverage that the Trust
must pay will reduce the return to the Shareholders; the effects of
leverage in a declining market, which are likely to cause a greater
decline in the NAV of the shares than if the Trust were not
leveraged, which may result in a greater decline in the market
price of the shares. If the Trust uses leverage, the amount of fees
paid to the Investment Adviser for its services will be higher than
if the Trust did not use leverage because the fees paid are
calculated based on Managed Assets, which includes assets purchased
with leverage. Therefore, the Investment Adviser has a financial
incentive to use leverage, which creates a conflict of interest
between the Investment Adviser and common Shareholders, as only the
Trust’s common Shareholders would bear the fees and expenses
incurred through the Trust’s use of leverage, including the
issuance of Preferred Shares, if any. Leverage may increase
operating costs, which may reduce total return.
Effects of Leverage
Assuming that leverage will represent approximately 20% of Managed
Assets and that the Trust will bear expenses relating to that
leverage at an annual cost of 1.00%, Trust performance before
leverage (net of expenses) must exceed 0.2% in order to cover the
expenses specifically related to the Trust’s use of leverage.
Actual leverage expenses will vary frequently and may be
significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above.
As
of September 30, 2022 and the most recently signed line of
credit agreement, the Trust projects an annual leverage expense of
3.59%. The Trust had $120,000,000 of funds drawn on its line of
credit which was 18.9% of Managed Assets as of September 30,
2022.
The
following table is furnished in response to requirements of the
SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effects of leverage on total
returns from an investment in the Trust assuming investment
portfolio returns before leverage of (10)%, (5)%, 0%, 5% and 10%.
The table further reflects the use of leverage representing 20% of
the Trust’s Managed Assets and the Trust’s currently projected
annual leverage expense of 1.00%.
Assumed Trust Return Before Leverage
(Net of Expenses)
|
(10.00)% |
(5.00)% |
0.00% |
5.00% |
10.00% |
Assumed Trust Return Inclusive of Leverage |
(13.40)% |
(7.15)% |
(0.90)% |
5.35% |
11.60% |
Assumed Trust performance before and inclusive of leverage are
hypothetical and are pro-vided to assist investors in understanding
the effects of leverage. Actual performance experienced by the
Trust may be lesser or greater than that shown above.
THE
TRUST
Board of Trustees
Under the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and the laws of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Trust’s business and affairs are
managed under the direction of its Board. Investment decisions for
the Trust are made by the Investment Adviser, subject to any
direction it may receive from the Board, which periodically reviews
the Trust’s investment performance. The SAI includes additional
information about the members of the Board and is available,
without charge, upon request, by calling the Investment Adviser at
(617) 772-8500.
Investment Adviser
Tekla Capital Management LLC, a limited liability company formed
under the laws of the State of Delaware, serves as the Investment
Adviser to the Trust. The Investment Adviser is an investment
adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended. The Investment Adviser is located at 100 Federal Street,
19th Floor, Boston, MA 02110. The Investment Adviser is owned by
Daniel R. Omstead and Mary N. Omstead. Dr. Omstead is
currently the President and Chief Executive Officer of the
Investment Adviser. Mary N. Omstead is Dr. Omstead’s wife.
The
Investment Adviser also provides investment advisory services to
other closed-end investment companies, Tekla Healthcare Investors
(“HQH”), Tekla Life Sciences Investors (“HQL”), and Tekla
Healthcare Opportunities Fund (“THQ”), which invest in companies in
the healthcare and life sciences industries. As of June 30,
2022, the Investment Adviser had assets under management of over $3
billion.
The
investment advisory agreement between the Investment Adviser and
the Trust (the “Advisory Agreement”) provides that, subject to the
supervision and direction of the Board, the Investment Adviser is
responsible for the actual management of the Trust’s portfolio. The
Investment Adviser is also obligated to supervise or perform
certain administrative and management services for the Trust and is
obligated to provide the office space, facilities, equipment and
personnel necessary to perform its duties under the Advisory
Agreement. The responsibility for making decisions to buy, sell or
hold a particular security rests with the Investment Adviser.
However, the Investment Adviser may consider investment analysis
from various sources, including broker-dealers with which the Trust
does business.
Subject to the supervision and direction of the Board, the
Investment Adviser manages the Trust’s portfolio in accordance with
the Trust’s investment objective and policies as stated in the
Prospectus; makes investment decisions for the Trust; places
purchase and sale orders for portfolio transactions for the Trust;
supplies the Trust with office facilities (which may be in the
Investment Adviser’s own offices), statistical and research data,
data processing services, clerical, internal executive and
administrative services, and stationery and office supplies;
directs and supervises a third party administrator or custodian in
the provision to the Trust of accounting and bookkeeping services,
the calculation of the NAV of Shares of the Trust, internal
auditing services, and other clerical services in connection
therewith, and prepares or supervises and directs a third party
administrator or custodian in the preparation of reports to
Shareholders of the Trust, tax returns and reports to and filings
with the Commission and state securities authorities. In providing
these services, the Investment Adviser provides investment research
and supervision of the Trust’s investments and conducts a continual
program of investment, evaluation and, if appropriate, sale and
reinvestment of the Trust’s assets. In addition, the Investment
Adviser For the services provided by the Investment Adviser under
the Advisory Agreement, the Trust will pay a fee, computed and
payable monthly, equal when annualized to 1.00% of the average
daily value of the Trust’s Managed Assets.
A
discussion regarding the basis for the Trust’s Board approval of
the Advisory Agreement is available in the Trust’s semi-annual
report for the six months ended March 31, 2022.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser has agreed to
bear all expenses in connection with the performance of its
services under the Advisory Agreement, including compensation of
and office space for officers and employees of the Trust connected
with investment and economic research, trading and investment
management of the Trust, as well as the fees of all Trustees of the
Trust who are “affiliated persons” of the Investment Adviser, as
that term is defined in the Investment Company Act, or any of its
“affiliated persons.” Under the Advisory Agreement, the Trust must
pay (or, if Trust expenses are paid by the Investment Adviser,
shall reimburse the Investment Adviser for) all other expenses
incurred in the operation of the Trust including, among other
things, expenses for legal and auditing services, costs of printing
proxy statements, prospectuses, share certificates and shareholder
reports, charges of the custodian, any sub-custodian and transfer
agent, expenses in connection with the Dividend Reinvestment and
Stock Purchase Plan, the Commission, and Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) fees, fees and expenses
of the Trustees who are not “affiliated persons” of the Investment
Adviser or any of its “affiliated persons,” accounting and
valuation costs, administrator’s fees, membership fees in trade
associations, fidelity bond coverage for the Trust’s officers and
employees, errors and omissions insurance coverage for Trustees and
officers, interest, brokerage costs, taxes, stock exchange listing
fees and expenses, expenses of qualifying the Shares for sale in
various states, expenses associated with personnel performing
exclusively Shareholder servicing functions, litigation and other
extraordinary or non-recurring expenses, and other expenses
properly payable by the Trust.
Portfolio Management
Currently, Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D., Jason C. Akus, M.D./M.B.A.,
Timothy Gasperoni, M.B.A., Ph.D., Ashton L. Wilson, Christopher
Abbott, Robert Benson, Richard Goss, Loretta Tse, Ph.D., Jack Liu,
M.B.A., Ph.D., Christopher Seitz, M.B.A., Graham Attipoe, M.B.A.,
M.D. and Kelly Girskis, Ph.D. are members of the team that analyzes
investments on behalf of the Investment Adviser. The team’s
business experience for at least the last five years is included
below. Dr. Omstead exercises ultimate decision-making
authority with respect to investments.
Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D., is President and Chief Executive Officer
of the Investment Adviser since 2001. He is also President of the
Trust, HQL, HQH and THQ and serves on their Valuation Committees.
Prior to joining the Investment Adviser, Dr. Omstead was
President and CEO of Reprogenesis, Inc., a private development
stage biotech company developing therapies in the field of
regenerative medicine. In 2000, Reprogenesis was merged with two
other biotech companies to form Curis, Inc. Before joining
Reprogenesis, Dr. Omstead was Senior Vice President, Research
and Development at Cytotherapeutics, Inc., a public biotech
company that developed CNS therapies. Before entering the biotech
industry, Dr. Omstead was employed for 14 years in the
pharmaceutical industry at Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation and at
the R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, both divisions
of Johnson & Johnson and at Merck Sharpe & Dohme
Research Laboratories, a division of Merck &
Company, Inc. While at Johnson & Johnson,
Dr. Omstead participated in the development of Orthoclone
OKT3, Eprex /Procrit and other biological products. While at Merck,
he worked on the development of Recombivax, Mefoxin, Heartguard and
other traditional drug products. Dr. Omstead holds a Ph.D. and
Master’s Degree in Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry from
Columbia University and a B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from
Lehigh University.
Jason Akus is responsible for investment research and due diligence
in the Medical Device, Diagnostic, and Biopharmaceutical areas. He
joined the Investment Adviser in July of 2001 after graduating
from Tufts with an M.D. and M.B.A. Dr. Akus graduated from
Tufts with a B.S. in Mathematics. During medical school,
Dr. Akus consulted for a variety of Healthcare IT
companies.
Timothy Gasperoni joined the Investment Adviser in March 2015.
Previously he was a Senior Analyst and Founding Member of Sabby
Capital, a public and private equity fund focused on biotechnology
and medical devices. Dr. Gasperoni was head of Sabby’s
research function and led the firm’s venture investment arm.
Previously, Dr. Gasperoni was a Partner and Senior Analyst at
Crosswind Investments, LLC, a spin-off of Cowen & Co that
managed small- and mid-cap growth funds. Prior to Crosswind,
Dr. Gasperoni was the Senior Analyst at Andesite, LLC, a
healthcare-dedicated long-short fund. He led the firm’s research
function and was responsible for all syndicate transactions. Prior
to his career in financial services, Dr. Gasperoni served in
consulting, operating, and scientific roles in the
biopharmaceutical industry. Dr. Gasperoni holds a B.A. from
Swarthmore College, an M.A. from the University of Pennsylvania, a
Ph.D. in Neuroscience from UCLA, and an MBA from MIT.
Ashton Wilson joined the Investment Adviser in July of 2018.
Previously, he was a Vice President at Goldman Sachs & Co.
in equity derivative trading within the Securities Division for 6
years. Prior to that, Mr. Wilson was an equity derivative
trader at Bank of America Merrill Lynch for 5 years.
Mr. Wilson holds a B.S. in Finance from Virginia Tech.
Chris Abbott joined the Investment Adviser in June of 2016 as
a Senior Analyst. Previously, Mr. Abbott spent 8 years at
Leerink Partners where he was a Vice President on the Equity
Research team covering the Healthcare IT and Healthcare Supply
Chain group. Mr. Abbott’s research efforts also focused on
Healthcare Strategy and Healthcare Policy during his time at
Leerink. Mr. Abbott graduated from Hamilton College with a
B.A. in Economics and a focus in Pre-Medical Studies.
Robert Benson joined the Investment Adviser in June 2016 as a
Senior Analyst. Previously, Mr. Benson spent 12 years at State
Street Global Advisors where he performed quantitative research for
asset allocation, equities, and alternatives teams. Prior to that,
Mr.
Benson provided risk management and oversight of State Street
Global Advisors equity portfolio managers and also has investment
management experience at Putnam Investments and Summa Capital.
Mr. Benson holds a B.S. in Management Science from MIT and a
M.S. in Financial Engineering from the University of California,
Berkeley and is a CFA and CAIA charterholder.
Rich Goss joined the Investment Adviser in March 2018 as a
Senior Analyst. Previously, Mr. Goss spent four years at
Leerink Partners where he was a Vice President on the Large Pharma
and Biotech Equity Research teams. Prior to that, Mr. Goss
spent six years as a Healthcare Analyst at Datamonitor and four
years in market research in Leerink’s MEDACorp division.
Mr. Goss graduated from Cornell University with a B.A. in
Biology.
Loretta Tse joined the Investment Adviser in July of 2015.
Previously, Dr. Tse ran a biotech consulting business and
worked with various venture funds and start-up companies. Prior to
that, Dr. Tse was Managing Director, Technology Transfer and
Industry Relations at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, where
she ran an office that was responsible for protection and
commercialization of research output and formation of start-up
companies, was an Associate at Oxford Biosciences Partners, an
early stage Life Sciences venture fund, and worked in business
development at several early stage biotech companies prior to
joining Oxford. Dr. Tse holds a Ph.D. in Pharmacology from
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and a B.S. in Biochemistry from
University of California, Davis.
Jack Liu joined the Investment Adviser in August of 2019.
Previously, Dr. Liu was a Research Analyst covering healthcare
equity at Weatherbie Capital. Prior to that, he held summer
research analyst positions at Fidelity Investments and King Tower
Asset Management. Earlier in his career, Dr. Liu spent two
years as a scientist at Synageva Biopharma leading analytical
projects in various stages of drug discovery and development.
Dr. Liu holds a B.S. in Biological Science from the Tsinghua
University in Beijing, an MBA from the MIT Sloan School of
Management and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Northeastern
University.
Christopher Seitz joined the Investment Adviser in 2021.
Previously, Mr. Seitz was a Healthcare Analyst Intern at
Nantahala Capital Management, focusing on healthcare companies,
specifically biotech (oncology, rare disease, neuro,
cardiovascular), medtech, services and digital health. Previously,
he was an Associate at Excel Venture Management where he supported
deal execution, fund strategy and portfolio management. Prior to
his employment at Excel, he was an Analyst / Senior Analyst at
Health Advances. Mr. Seitz holds a M.B.A. in Healthcare
Management from The Wharton School of Business and an B.A. in
Biology & German, Pre-Medicine from Williams College.
Graham Attipoe joined the Investment Adviser in May of 2022.
Previously, Dr. Attipoe worked as a Research Analyst for Eagle
Health Investments LP overseeing global short- and long-term equity
for a healthcare fund, focusing on biopharmaceuticals and
healthcare services. Prior to that, Dr. Attipoe was as a
M.B.A. Summer Consultant for the Boston Consulting Group and held a
seasonal Investment Associate position at Windham Venture Partners.
Dr. Attipoe holds a M.B.A. in Healthcare Management &
Finance from the Wharton School of Business, a M.D. from the School
of Medicine at Vanderbilt University and a B.S. in Biology with a
minor in Chemistry from Duke University.
Kelly Girskis joined the Investment Adviser in August of 2021.
Previously, she was an Equity Research Associate, Biotechnology at
SVB Leerink where she did support coverage for biotechnology
companies with a focus on rare disease companies. Prior to that,
she worked as an intern at Ascentia Asset Management as a life
sciences consultant. Dr. Girskis has a Ph.D. in Neurobiology
from Harvard University and a B.A. in Neuroscience from the
University of Southern California.
The
portfolio management team applies both bottom-up and top-down
strategies in its investment process. A bottom-up strategy is taken
on the company level where individual opportunities are evaluated
in three fundamental bases as appropriate: the scientific basis,
the market basis, and the financial basis. Scientifically, assets
are evaluated on first principals; the market basis evaluates the
regulatory and competitive landscape faced by each company;
financial evaluation takes place through a variety of metrics
relative to the subsector to which each company belongs. A top-down
approach is taken on the level of sector allocation within the
portfolio. The investment team divides healthcare into a number of
subsectors and utilizes a battery of measures to identify relative
value on a subsector basis. These measures include sector revenue
multiples, earnings multiples, and forward growth estimates and
prospects. To stay current, the investment team evaluates
subsectors on a continually rotating basis and allocation flows are
adjusted as appropriate.
For
additional information regarding the portfolio management of the
Trust, see “Investment Adviser and Investment Advisory Agreement —
Portfolio Management” in the SAI.
Code of Ethics
The
Board approved a Code of Ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the
Investment Company Act that covers the Trust and the Investment
Adviser. The Code of Ethics establishes procedures for personal
investing and restricts certain transactions. Employees subject to
the Code of Ethics may invest in securities for their personal
investment accounts, including, in certain cases, securities that
may be purchased or held by the Trust. See “Code of Ethics” in the
SAI.
DESCRIPTION OF
TRUST
The
Trust is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company. The Trust was organized as a Massachusetts business trust
on March 5, 2015 pursuant to a Declaration of Trust governed
by Massachusetts law and commenced operations on June 30,
2015. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust was amended and restated as
of May 18, 2015 (“Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust”).
The Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust is referred to in
this Prospectus as the “Declaration of Trust” unless the context
requires otherwise. The Trust’s principal offices are located at
100 Federal Street, 19th Floor, Boston, MA 02110.
The
Trust’s capitalization consists of an unlimited number of Shares of
beneficial interest, $0.01 par value. Each Share represents an
equal proportionate beneficial interest in the Trust and, when
issued and outstanding, will be fully paid and non-assessable by
the Trust. Upon any liquidation of the Trust, Shareholders will be
entitled to share pro rata in the net assets of the Trust available
for distribution after paying or adequately providing for the
payment of all liabilities. The Trust will send annual and
semi-annual financial statements to Shareholders and may also issue
more abbreviated interim reports to update Shareholders on a
quarterly basis. The Trust will hold annual meetings of its
Shareholders in accordance with the provisions of the Trust’s
By-laws and the rules of the NYSE.
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each whole Share held and
a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional Share held. The
Trust’s Shares do not have cumulative voting rights, which means
that the holders of more than 50% of the Shares of the Trust voting
for the election of Trustees can elect all of the Trustees, and, in
such event, the holders of the remaining Shares will not be able to
elect any Trustees. The Trust has a classified Board of three
classes, whereby one class of Trustees is elected each year.
For
information regarding risk factors pertaining to the Trust, see
“Risk Factors.”
As
of September 6, 2022, to the best of the Trust’s knowledge,
and based solely on Schedule 13D/G filings made with the
Commission, there was no person who controlled the Trust.
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Subject to policies established by the Board, the Investment
Adviser is primarily responsible for the execution of the Trust’s
portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage. In
executing such transactions, the Investment Adviser will seek to
obtain the best price and execution for the Trust, taking into
account such factors as price, size of order, difficulty of
execution, operational facilities of the firm involved, the firm’s
risk in positioning a block of securities, and research, market and
statistical information provided by such firm. While the Investment
Adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive commission rates,
the Trust will not necessarily pay the lowest commission
available.
The
Trust intends to purchase and hold securities for capital
appreciation and it is not anticipated that frequent portfolio
changes will be made for short-term trading purposes or to take
advantage of short-term swings in the market. However, changes may
be made in the portfolio consistent with the investment objective
and policies of the Trust whenever changes are believed by the
Investment Adviser to be in the best interest of the Trust and its
Shareholders. Risk factors, particularly those relating to a
specific security investment or to the market and economic
conditions, may also affect the rate at which the Trust buys and
sells its portfolio holdings. The Trust has no fixed policy with
respect to portfolio turnover rate. The Trust may engage in
short-term trading of portfolio securities, including initial
public offerings, which may result in increasing the Trust’s
portfolio turnover rate. The portfolio turnover rate is calculated
by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of long-term portfolio
securities by the average monthly value of the Trust’s long-term
portfolio securities. A high rate of portfolio turnover (100% or
more) could produce higher trading costs and taxable distributions,
which would detract from the Trust’s performance. The Trust’s
portfolio turnover rate for the fiscal years ended
September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 was 69.37% and
48.11%, respectively.
NET ASSET
VALUE
The
NAV of the Trust’s Shares is calculated at the close of regular
trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) every day
that the NYSE is open. The Trust makes this information available
daily by telephone (800) 451-2597, via its web site (www.teklacap.com) and through
electronic distribution for media publication, including major
internet-based financial services web sites and portals
(e.g., bloomberg.com, yahoo.com,
cbsmarketwatch.com, etc.). Currently, The Wall Street
Journal, The New York Times and Barron’s publish NAVs for
closed-end investment companies at least weekly.
NAV
is calculated by dividing the Trust’s total assets (the value of
the securities held by the Trust plus any cash or other assets,
including interest payable but not yet received) minus all
liabilities (including accrued expenses, dividends payable and any
borrowings of the Trust) by the total number of Shares outstanding
at such time. If any Preferred Shares are outstanding, net assets
available for common Shareholders are determined by deducting from
net assets the liquidation preference and any accrued dividends on
the Preferred Shares.
Securities for which market quotations are readily available are
valued at market price. Portfolio securities that are traded on one
or more U.S. national securities exchanges or in the
over-the-counter market that are National Market System securities
are valued at the last sale price or, lacking any sales, at the
mean between last bid and asked prices. Other over-the-counter
securities are valued at the most recent bid prices as obtained
from one or more dealers that make markets in the securities.
Redeemable securities issued by a registered open-end investment
company are valued at net asset value per share. Other securities
are valued at the mean between the closing bid and asked prices.
Short-term investments that mature in 60 days or less are valued at
amortized cost, unless the Board determines that such valuation
does not constitute fair value.
Bonds, other than convertible bonds, are valued using a third-party
pricing system. Convertible bonds are valued using this pricing
system only on days when there is no sale reported. Temporary cash
investments with maturity of 60 days or less are valued at
amortized cost. Puts and calls generally are valued at the close of
regular trading on the securities or commodities exchange on which
they are primarily traded. Options on securities generally are
valued at their last bid price in the case of exchange-traded
options or, in the case of OTC-traded options, the average of the
last bid price as obtained from two or more dealers unless there is
only one dealer, in which case that dealer’s price is used. Forward
foreign currency contracts are valued on the basis of the value of
the underlying currencies at the prevailing currency exchange rate.
The prevailing currency exchange rate shall be determined within
one hour of when the most recently available exchange rate
information has been received based on information obtained from a
bank or banks.
Securities that are primarily traded on foreign securities
exchanges generally are valued at the last sale price on the
exchange on which they are primarily traded. Foreign securities
that are primarily traded on the foreign over-the-counter market
are generally valued at the last sale quotation, if market
quotations are available, or the last reported bid price if there
is no active trading in a particular security on a given day.
However, if intervening events result in market volatility that
significantly affects the value of any such foreign securities
after the close of trading on the relevant foreign market, but
before the Trust values its Shares on any particular day on which
the Trust is required to value its Shares, the Trust may, but is
not required to, determine the value of such securities at “fair
value,” as determined in good faith by or under the direction of
the Board.
Quotations of foreign securities in foreign currencies are
converted, at current exchange rates, to their U.S. dollar
equivalents to determine their current value. In addition, to the
extent that the Trust values its foreign securities (other than
ADR’s and ADS’s) as of the close of trading on various exchanges
and over-the-counter markets throughout the world, the calculation
of the Trust’s net asset value may not take place contemporaneously
with the valuation of foreign securities held by the Trust.
The
value of any security or other asset for which market quotations
are not readily available shall be determined in a manner that most
fairly reflects the security’s (or asset’s) “fair value.” Each such
determination is based on a consideration of all relevant factors,
which are likely to vary from one pricing context to another.
Examples of such factors may include, but are not limited to:
(1) the type of the security; (2) the size of the holding
(including percent of outstanding securities of issuer held by the
Trust); (3) the initial cost of the security; (4) the
existence of any contractual restrictions on the security’s
disposition and the time to freedom from such restrictions;
(5) the price and extent of public trading in similar
securities of the issuer or of comparable companies;
(6) quotations or prices from broker-dealers and/or pricing
services; (7) information obtained from the issuer, analysts,
and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded
securities); (8) an analysis of the company’s financial
statements; (9) an evaluation of the forces that influence the
issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased
and sold (e.g., the existence of pending merger activity, public
offerings or tender offers that might affect the value of the
security); and (10) with respect to certain Restricted
Securities, the price of securities in a subsequent round of
financing of an issuer in an arm’s-length transaction, if the round
includes a new third party investor.
Sometimes a “significant valuation event” may cause the market
value of a security to differ from the fair market value of that
security. A “significant valuation event” is an event that causes
or is likely to cause a market quotation to be unavailable or
unreliable, and may include: situations relating to a single issue
in a market sector; significant fluctuations in U.S. or foreign
markets; market disruptions or closings caused by human error,
equipment failures, natural disasters, armed conflicts, acts of
God, governmental actions or other developments, as well as the
same or similar events which may affect specific issues or the
securities markets even though not tied directly to the securities
markets. A significant valuation event occurring after the close of
trading but before the time of valuation may mean that the closing
price for the security does not constitute a readily available
market quotation. If a significant valuation event has occurred,
the security will be valued at fair value as determined in good
faith by the Board in accordance with the procedures described
above. Such valuations and procedures will be reviewed periodically
by the Board.
The
fair value of investments for which no market exists cannot be
precisely determined. With respect to securities of a company in
its early stage of development, valuation will typically be based
upon the original cost to the Trust. This methodology will
typically be used until significant developments affecting the
portfolio company provide a basis for a change in valuation. The
status of portfolio companies is monitored for progress against
plan, advancement of the stage of product development, and other
factors. When revenues and earnings are present they are monitored.
Valuation changes are event driven. When an appropriate event
occurs (e.g., the completion of a third party transaction or a
significant change in business model) valuation is changed
accordingly. In addition the Trust will typically base changes in
valuation on actual transactions or on actual firm offers by
sophisticated independent investors unaffiliated with the Adviser.
Legal or contractual restrictions on the sale of portfolio
securities by the Trust will be considered in the valuation of such
securities.
Other assets, which include cash, prepaid and accrued items,
accounts receivable and income on investments and from the sale of
portfolio securities, are carried in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, as are all liabilities. Liabilities
primarily include accrued expenses, sums owed for securities
purchased and dividends payable.
Plan of
Distribution
The
Trust may sell up to $150,000,000 in aggregate initial offering
price of Common Shares from time to time under this Prospectus and
any related Prospectus Supplement (1) directly to one or more
purchasers, including existing Shareholders in a rights offering,
(2) through agents; (3) through underwriters;
(4) through dealers; or (5) pursuant to the Dividend
Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. Each Prospectus Supplement
relating to an offering of Common Shares will state the terms of
the offering, including:
|
● |
the names of any agents, underwriters or dealers; |
|
● |
any sales loads or other items constituting underwriters’
compensation; |
|
● |
any discounts, commissions, or fees allowed or paid to dealers
or agents; |
|
● |
the public offering or purchase price of the offered Common
Shares and the net proceeds the Trust will receive from the sale;
and |
|
● |
any securities exchange on which the offered Common Shares may
be listed. |
Direct Sales
The
Trust may sell Common Shares directly to, and solicit offers from,
institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be
underwriters as defined in the Securities Act for any resales of
the securities. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be
involved. The Trust may use electronic media, including the
Internet, to sell offered securities directly. The Trust will
describe the terms of any of those sales in a Prospectus
Supplement.
By Agents
The
Trust may offer Common Shares through agents that the Trust may
designate. The Trust will name any agent involved in the offer and
sale and describe any commissions payable by the Trust in the
Prospectus Supplement. Unless otherwise indicated in the Prospectus
Supplement, the agents will be acting on a best efforts basis for
the period of their appointment.
By Underwriters
The
Trust may offer and sell Common Shares from time to time to one or
more underwriters who would purchase the Common Shares as principal
for resale to the public, either on a firm commitment or best
efforts basis. If the Trust sells Common Shares to
underwriters, the Trust will execute an underwriting agreement with
them at the time of the sale and will name them in the Prospectus
Supplement. In connection with these sales, the underwriters may be
deemed to have received compensation from the Trust in the form of
underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters also may
receive commissions from purchasers of Common Shares for whom they
may act as agent. Unless otherwise stated in the Prospectus
Supplement, the underwriters will not be obligated to purchase the
Common Shares unless the conditions set forth in the underwriting
agreement are satisfied, and if the underwriters purchase any of
the Common Shares, they will be required to purchase all of the
offered Common Shares. The underwriters may sell the offered Common
Shares to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive
discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters as well
as from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent. Any public
offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or
reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
If
a Prospectus Supplement so indicates, the Trust may grant the
underwriters an option to purchase additional Common Shares at the
public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and
commissions, within 45 days from the date of the Prospectus
Supplement, to cover any overallotments.
By Dealers
The
Trust may offer and sell Common Shares from time to time to one or
more dealers who would purchase the securities as principal. The
dealers then may resell the offered Common Shares to the public at
fixed or varying prices to be determined by those dealers at the
time of resale. The Trust will set forth the names of the dealers
and the terms of the transaction in the Prospectus Supplement.
General Information
Agents, underwriters, or dealers participating in an offering of
Common Shares may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts
and commission received by them and any profit realized by them on
resale of the
DIVIDENDS AND
DISTRIBUTIONS
For
federal income tax purposes, the Trust is required to distribute
substantially all of its investment company taxable income for each
taxable year. Capital gain (i.e., the excess of net long-term
capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, may be
distributed or may be retained at the discretion of the Board.
“Investment company taxable income,” as used herein, includes all
interest and other ordinary income earned by the Trust on its
portfolio holdings and net short-term capital gains in excess of
net long-term capital losses, less the Trust’s expenses. See
“Taxation — Distributions.”
If
the Trust is precluded from making distributions on the Shares
because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms of
the Preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so
precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed
for the Trust to meet the distribution requirements for
qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, will be paid to the holders of the Preferred
Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected
to decrease the amount that holders of Preferred Shares would be
entitled to receive upon redemption or liquidation of the
shares.
The
Trust currently makes distributions in cash to its Shareholders of
all or a portion of its net investment income to Shareholders each
month out of legally available funds. The Trust will pay
Shareholders at least annually all or substantially all of its net
investment income after the payment of interest, fees or dividends,
if any, owed with respect to any forms of leverage utilized by the
Trust.
The
Trust intends to pay any capital gains distributions at least
annually. Pursuant to an exemptive order obtained from the
Commission under Section 19(b) of the Investment Company
Act, the Trust is permitted to distribute long-term capital gains
to Shareholders more than once per year.
The
Trust’s monthly distribution policy and the basis for establishing
the rate of its monthly distributions may be changed at any time by
the Board without Shareholder approval.
Various factors will affect the level of the Trust’s income,
including the asset mix, the performance of the companies
represented in the Trust’s portfolio, and the Trust’s use of
hedging and fluctuations in the rate of exchange between foreign
currencies and the U.S. dollar to the extent the Trust has invested
in Foreign Securities.
Notices will be provided in accordance with
Section 19(a) of the Investment Company Act.
The
SEC exemptive order authorizing the adoption of the Trust’s managed
distribution policy requires the Trust to adhere to certain
conditions with respect to public offerings. The SEC exemptive
order requires that the Trust will not make a public offering of
the Trust’s Shares other than: (i) a rights offering that is
below NAV to holders of the fund’s common share; (ii) an
offering in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, merger,
consolidation, acquisition, spin off or reorganization of the fund;
or (iii) an offering in which the fund’s annualized
distribution rate for the six months ending on the last day of the
month ended immediately prior to the most recent distribution
record date, expressed as a percentage of NAV as of such date, is
no more than 1 percentage point greater than the Trust’s average
annual total return for the 5-year period ending on such date and
the transmittal letter accompanying any registration statement
filed with the SEC in connection with the offering discloses that
the Trust has a managed distribution policy exemptive order. Any
offering of Common Shares will comply with the conditions of the
SEC exemptive order.
DIVIDEND
REINVESTMENT AND STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
Under the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan, dividends
and/or distributions to a Shareholder will automatically be
reinvested in additional Shares of the Trust. Each registered
Shareholder may elect to have dividends and distributions
distributed in cash (i.e., “opt-out”) rather than participate in
the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. For any
registered Shareholder that does not so elect (each, a
“Participant” and collectively, “Participants”), dividends and/or
distributions on such Shareholder’s Shares will be reinvested by
Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (the “Plan Agent”), as agent for
Shareholders in additional Shares, as set forth below.
Participation in the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan
is completely voluntary, and may be terminated or resumed at any
time without penalty by internet, telephone or notice if received
and processed by the Plan Agent prior to the dividend record rate;
otherwise such termination or resumption will be effective with
respect to any subsequently declared dividend or other
distribution. Participants who hold their Shares through a broker
or other nominee and who wish to elect to receive any dividends and
distributions in cash must contact their broker or nominee.
The
Plan Agent’s fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends
and distributions will be paid by the Trust. Each participant will
pay a per Share fee (currently $0.05 per Share) incurred in
connection with open market purchases. If a participant elects to
have the Plan Agent sell all or a part of his or her Shares and
remit the proceeds to the participant, the Plan Agent is authorized
to deduct a $15 sales fee per trade and a per Share fee of $0.12
from such proceeds. All per Share fees include any applicable
brokerage commissions the Plan Agent is required to pay. The
automatic reinvestment of Dividends will not relieve Participants
of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or
required to be withheld) on such dividend.
The
Plan Agent will acquire shares for participants’ accounts by
purchasing either newly issued shares from the Trust or outstanding
shares in the open market, depending upon the circumstances. If on
the payment date of a dividend or distribution the NAV per share is
equal to or less than the closing market price (plus estimated per
share fees in connection with the purchase of shares), the Plan
Agent will invest the dividend or distribution in newly issued
shares. The number of newly issued shares to be credited to each
participant’s account will be determined by dividing the amount of
the participant’s cash dividend or distribution by the greater of
the NAY per share on the payment date or 95% of the closing market
price per share on the payment date. If on the payment date the NAY
per share is greater than the closing market price per share (plus
per share fees), the Plan Agent will invest the dividend or
distribution in shares acquired in open-market purchases. The per
share price for open-market purchases will be the weighted average
price of the shares on the payment date.
In
the event of a market discount on the payment date for any
Dividend, the Plan Agent (or Plan Agent’s broker) will have until
the last business day before the next date on which the Shares
trade on an “ex-dividend” basis or 30 days after the payment date
for such Dividend, whichever is sooner (the “Last Purchase Date”),
to invest the Dividend amount in Shares acquired in Open-Market
Purchases. Open-market purchases may be made on any securities
exchange where Shares are traded, in the over-the-counter market or
in negotiated transactions, and may be on such terms as to price,
delivery and otherwise as the Plan Agent shall determine. The per
Share purchase price for Open-Market Purchases will be the weighted
average price of the Shares on the payment date. If, before the
Plan Agent has completed its Open-Market Purchases, the market
price per Share exceeds the NAV per Share, the average per Share
purchase price paid by the Plan Agent may exceed the NAV of the
Shares, resulting in the acquisition of fewer Shares than if the
Dividend had been paid in Newly Issued Shares on the Dividend
payment date. Because of the foregoing difficulty with respect to
Open-Market Purchases, the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase
Plan provides that if the Plan Agent is unable to invest the full
Dividend amount in Open-Market Purchases during the purchase period
or if the market discount shifts to a market premium during the
purchase period, the Plan Agent may cease making Open-Market
Purchases and may invest the uninvested portion of the Dividend
amount in Newly Issued Shares at the NAV per Share at the close of
business on the Last Purchase Date provided that, if the NAV is
less than or equal to 95% of the then current market price per
Share; the dollar amount of the Dividend will be divided by 95% of
the market price on the payment date.
Each Participant can voluntarily purchase additional Shares at any
time through the Plan Agent. The Plan Agent will purchase
additional Shares through Open-Market Purchases. The minimum
investment under this option is $50. To make an investment online,
participants may log on to www.computershare.com/investor,
in order to authorize recurring automatic monthly deductions from a
U.S. bank account or a one-time online bank debit from a U.S. bank
account. Participants may also make optional cash investments in
Shares by sending a check in U.S. dollars and drawn against a U.S.
bank to the Plan Agent along with a completed transaction form
appended to each statement received from the Plan Agent. The Plan
Agent will not accept cash, traveler’s checks, money orders or
third party checks. The Plan Agent will purchase whole and
fractional Shares to equal each amount a Participant invests, less
any applicable fees. Each optional cash investment by check or
one-time online bank debit will entail a transaction fee of $5.00
plus $0.05 per Share purchased. If funds are deducted monthly and
automatically from a U.S. bank account, for each debit the
transaction fee is $2.50 plus $0.05 per Share purchased. Shares
will be purchased by the Plan Agent at least monthly. The
transaction will occur within five (5) business days after a
Participant’s funds are received by the Plan Agent, assuming the
applicable market is open for trading. If due to unusual
circumstances, the Plan Agent is unable to purchase Shares from
optional cash payments within 35 days, the Plan Agent will return
such funds by check. If any Participant’s check for an optional
cash payment is returned unpaid for any reason, or an authorized
electronic funds transfer is rejected, the Plan Agent will consider
the request for the investment of such funds null and void. The
Plan Agent will immediately remove from the Participant’s Plan
account those Shares, if any, purchased upon the prior credit of
such funds and will immediately sell such Shares. The Plan Agent
will also sell any additional Shares from the Participant’s Plan
fee account as necessary to cover any costs, losses or fees.
Participants will be charged $25.00 for each returned check or
rejected electronic funds transfer.
The
Plan Agent maintains all Participants’ accounts in the Dividend
Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan and furnishes written
confirmation of all transactions in the accounts, including
information needed by Participants for tax records. Shares in the
account of each Participant will be held by the Plan Agent on
behalf of the Participant in book entry form in the Plan Agent’s
name or the Plan Agent’s nominee. Each Shareholder proxy will
include those Shares purchased or received pursuant to the Dividend
Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan. The Plan Agent will forward
all proxy solicitation materials to Participants and vote proxies
for Shares held under the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase
Plan in accordance with the instructions of the Participants.
In
the case of Shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees which
hold shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the Plan
Agent will administer the Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase
Plan on the basis of the number of Shares certified from time to
time by the record Shareholder and held for the account of
beneficial owners who participate in the Dividend Reinvestment and
Stock Purchase Plan.
Any
stock dividends or split of Shares distributed by the Trust on
Shares held by the Plan Agent for Participants will be credited to
their accounts. In the event that the Trust makes available to its
Shareholders rights to purchase additional Shares or other
securities, the Shares held for each Participant under the Plan
will be added to other Shares held by the Participant in
calculating the number of rights to be issued to each
Participant.
If
a Participant elects by telephone, internet or written notice to
the Plan Agent to have the Plan Agent sell all or a part of his or
her Shares and remit the proceeds to the Participant, the Plan
Agent will process all sale instructions received no later than
five (5) business days after the date on which the order is
received. Such sale will be made through the Plan Agent’s broker on
the relevant market and the sale price will not be determined until
such time as the broker completes the sale. In each case, the price
to each Participant shall be the weighted average sale price
obtained by the Plan Agent’s broker net of fees for each aggregate
order placed by the Plan Agent and executed by the broker. To
maximize cost savings, the Plan Agent will seek to sell Shares in
round lot transactions. For this purpose the Plan Agent may combine
a Participant’s Shares with those of other selling
Participants.
Each Participant may terminate his or her account under the Plan by
notifying the Plan Agent by telephone, through the internet or in
writing prior to the dividend record date. Such termination will be
effective immediately if received by the Plan Agent prior to any
dividend or distribution record date; otherwise such termination or
resumption will be effective with respect to any subsequently
declared dividend or other distribution. Upon any withdrawal or
termination, the Plan Agent will cause to be delivered to each
terminating Participant a statement of holdings for the appropriate
number of the Trust’s whole book-entry Shares and a check for the
cash adjustment of any fractional share at the then current market
value per Share less any applicable fees.
The
Trust reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plan upon notice
in writing to each Participant at least 30 days prior to any record
date for the payment of any dividend or distribution by the Trust.
Notice will be sent to Participants of any amendments as soon as
practicable after such action by the Trust.
All
correspondence from a registered owner of Shares concerning the
Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan should be directed to
the Plan Agent at Computershare Trust Company, N.A, P.O. Box
30170, College Station, TX 77842-3170, with overnight
correspondence being directed to the Plan Agent at Computershare
Trust Company, N.A, 211 Quality Circle, Suite 210, College
Station, TX 77845; by calling 1-800-426-5523; or through the Plan
Agent’s website at www.computershare.com/investor.
Participants who hold their Shares through a broker or other
nominee should direct correspondence or questions concerning the
Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan to their broker or
nominee.
TAXATION
The
following discussion is based upon the advice of Dechert LLP,
counsel for the Trust, and is a general summary of the principal
U.S. federal income tax considerations regarding an investment in
the Trust. The discussion is based on laws, regulations, rulings
and decisions currently in effect, all of which are subject to
change (possibly with retroactive effect) or different
interpretations. The discussion below does not purport to deal with
all of the federal income tax consequences applicable to the Trust,
or to all categories of investors, some of which may be subject to
special rules. Each Shareholder is urged to consult with his or her
own tax adviser with respect to the specific federal, state, local,
foreign and other tax consequences of investing in Shares of the
Trust.
Taxation of the Trust
The
Trust intends to qualify and has elected to be treated each taxable
year as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Code. The
principal federal income tax benefits of qualifying as a RIC, as
compared to an ordinary taxable corporation, are that a RIC
generally is not itself subject to federal income tax on ordinary
investment income and net capital gains that are currently
distributed to its Shareholders, and that the character of
long-term capital gains which are recognized and properly reported
by a RIC flows through to its Shareholders, who receive (or are
deemed to receive) distributions of such income. However, the Trust
would be subject to corporate income tax (currently at a maximum
rate of 21%) on any undistributed income.
Distributions
Dividends paid from investment company taxable income as calculated
for federal income tax purposes generally will be taxable to
Shareholders as ordinary income whether paid in cash or reinvested
in the Trust’s Shares. The Trust intends to distribute to its
Shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable
income (including distributions of net short-term capital gains),
if any, for each year. It is anticipated that the Trust’s income
distributions will be paid annually in additional Shares unless the
Shareholder elects payment in cash.
A
portion of the dividends paid by the Trust may be treated as
“qualified dividend income” which is taxable to individuals at the
same rates that are applicable to long-term capital gains. A Trust
distribution is treated as qualified dividend income to the extent
that the Trust receives dividend income from taxable domestic
corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations, provided
that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both
the Trust and the Shareholder. Trust distributions generally will
not qualify as qualified dividend income to the extent attributable
to interest, capital gains, REIT distributions and distributions
from certain non-U.S. corporations.
If
a portion of the Trust’s income consists of dividends paid by U.S.
corporations, a portion of the dividends paid by the Trust may be
eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction provided
that certain holding period and other requirements are met by both
the Trust and the corporate Shareholder.
Distributions of the excess, if any, of net long-term capital gains
over net short-term capital losses reported by the Trust as capital
gain dividends will be taxable to Shareholders as long-term capital
gains, whether paid in cash or reinvested in the Trust’s Shares,
regardless of how long the Shareholders have held the Trust’s
Shares and will not be eligible for the dividends received
deduction for corporations.
Each year, Shareholders will be notified as to the amount and
federal tax status of all dividends and capital gains paid during
the prior year. Such dividends and capital gains may also be
subject to state or local taxes. Dividends declared in October,
November, or December with a record date in such month and
paid during the following January will be treated as having
been paid by the Trust and received by Shareholders on
December 31 of the calendar year in which declared, rather
than the calendar year in which the dividends are actually
received.
Gain or loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be a
capital gain or loss if the Shares are capital assets in the
Shareholder’s hands and generally will be long-term or short-term,
depending upon the Shareholder’s holding period for the Shares. You
should be aware that any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of
Shares held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term
capital loss to the extent of any distributions or deemed
distributions of long-term capital gain to the Shareholder with
respect to such Shares. In addition, any loss realized on a sale or
exchange of Shares will be disallowed to the extent the Shares
disposed of are replaced within a period of 61 days beginning 30
days before and ending 30 days after the Shares are disposed of,
such as pursuant to the Plan. In such case, the basis of Shares
acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
An
additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment
income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Trust and net gains from redemptions or other
taxable dispositions of Trust Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates
and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted
gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross
income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain
threshold amounts.
If
a Shareholder has not furnished a certified correct taxpayer
identification number (generally a Social Security number) and has
not certified that withholding does not apply, or if the Internal
Revenue Service has notified the Trust that the taxpayer
identification number listed on the account is incorrect according
to their records or that the Shareholder is subject to backup
withholding, federal law generally requires the Trust to withhold
24% from any dividends and/or redemptions (including exchange
redemptions). Amounts withheld are applied to federal tax
liability; a refund may be obtained from the Service if withholding
results in overpayment of taxes. Federal law also requires the
Trust to withhold up to 30% or the applicable tax treaty rate from
ordinary dividends paid to certain nonresident alien and other
non-U.S. Shareholder accounts.
This is a brief summary of some of the tax laws that affect an
investment in the Trust. Moreover, the foregoing does not address
the many factors that may determine whether an investor will be
liable for the federal alternative minimum tax. Please see the SAI
and a tax adviser for further information.
ADMINISTRATOR,
CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AGENT, DIVIDEND
DISBURSING AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The
Trust’s securities and cash are held under a custodian contract by
State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Custodian”), whose
principal business address is One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111.
The Custodian also performs certain accounting related functions
for the Trust, including calculation of NAV and net income.
State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Administrator”) serves as
administrator to the Trust pursuant to an administration agreement
between the Administrator and the Trust (the “Administration
Agreement”). Under the Administration Agreement the Trust’s assets
are combined with assets of HQL, HQH and THQ. The combined assets
are charged fees computed and payable monthly at an annual rate of
(i) 3.4% of the first $150 million; (ii) 2.4% of the next
$150 million; and (iii) 1.4% on assets in excess of $300
million, subject to annual minimum fee of $77,500. The
Administrative Agreement covers administrative costs including
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the ordinary course of providing
services under the Administration Agreement.
Computershare Inc. serves as Dividend Disbursing Agent for the
Trust. Computershare Trust Company, N.A., a fully owned subsidiary
of Computershare Inc., serves as (1) the Plan Agent for the
Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan and (2) the Transfer Agent
and Registrar for Shares of the Trust. Computershare Trust Company,
N.A. and Computershare Inc. have their principal business at 250
Royall Street, Canton, MA 02021.
LEGAL
MATTERS
The
validity of the Shares offered hereby will be passed on for the
Trust by Dechert LLP, One International Place, 40th Floor, 100
Oliver Street, Boston, MA 02110.
EXPERTS
The
Trust’s financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2021, incorporated by reference in the SAI, have
been incorporated in reliance on the report of Deloitte &
Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given
on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and
accounting.
REPORTS TO
SHAREHOLDERS
The
Trust will send unaudited semiannual reports and audited annual
reports, including a list of investments held, to Shareholders.
Incorporation by
Reference
This Prospectus is part of the registration statement that has been
filed with the SEC. Pursuant to the final rule and form
amendments adopted by the SEC on April 8, 2020 to implement
certain provisions of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and
Consumer Protection Act, the Trust may “incorporate by reference”
the information that it files with the SEC, which means that the
Trust can disclose important information by referring to those
documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered
to be part of this Prospectus, and later information that the Trust
files with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this
information.
The
documents listed below, and any reports and other documents
subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to
Rule 30(b)(2) under the 1940 Act and Sections 13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the
termination of this offering, are incorporated by reference into
this Prospectus and deemed to be part of this Prospectus from the
date of the filing of such reports and documents:
|
● |
the Trust’s SAI, dated [●],
2022, filed with this Prospectus; |
|
● |
the Trust’s definitive Proxy
Statement, dated April 18, 2022, filed on April 12,
2022; |
|
● |
the Trust’s annual report on
Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021,
filed with the SEC on December 3, 2021; |
|
● |
the Trust’s semi-annual report on
Form N-CSR for the fiscal period ended March 31, 2022,
filed with the SEC on June 3, 2022; |
|
● |
the Trust’s description of Common
Shares on Form 8-A, filed on June 19, 2015 |
The
Trust will provide without charge to each person, including any
beneficial owner, to whom this Prospectus is delivered, upon
written or oral request, a copy of any and all of the documents
that have been or may be incorporated by reference in this
Prospectus or an accompanying Prospectus Supplement.
You
should direct requests for documents by calling the Investment
Adviser at (617) 772-8500 or by writing to the Trust at c/o Tekla
Capital Management LLC, 100 Federal Street, 19th Floor Boston, MA
02110. The Trust makes available this Prospectus, SAI and the
Trust’s annual and semi-annual reports, free of charge, on the
Trust’s website (www.teklacap.com). You may also obtain this
Prospectus, the SAI, other documents incorporated by reference and
other information the Trust files electronically, including reports
and proxy statements, on the SEC website (http://www.sec.gov) or
with the payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at
publicinfo@sec.gov. Information contained in, or that can be
accessed through, the Trust’s website is not incorporated by
reference into this Prospectus and should not be considered to be
part of this Prospectus or the accompanying prospectus
supplement.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
The
Trust is subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Investment
Company Act and in accordance therewith is required to file
reports, proxy statements and other information with the
Commission. Any such reports, proxy statements and other
information filed by the Trust can be inspected and copied (at
prescribed rates) at the public reference facilities of the
Commission, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The Trust’s
Shares are listed on the NYSE. Reports, proxy statements and other
information concerning the Trust can also be inspected and copied
at the Library of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, NY
10005.
This Prospectus constitutes a part of a registration statement on
Form N-2 (together with the SAI and all the exhibits and
appendices thereto, the “Registration Statement”) filed by the
Trust with the Commission under the Securities Act and the
Investment Company Act. This Prospectus and the SAI do not contain
all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement.
Reference is hereby made to the Registration Statement and related
exhibits for further information with respect to the Trust and the
Shares offered hereby. Statements contained herein concerning the
provisions of documents are necessarily summaries of such
documents, and each statement is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the copy of the applicable document filed with the
Commission.
SPECIAL NOTE
REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this Prospectus constitute forward-looking
statements, which involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties
and other factors that may cause the actual results, levels of
activity, performance or achievements of the Trust to be materially
different from any future results, levels of activity, performance
or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements. Such factors include, among others, those listed under
“Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Prospectus. As a result of the
foregoing and other factors, no assurance can be given as to the
future results, levels of activity or achievements, and neither the
Trust nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy
and completeness of such statements. To the extent required by law,
the Trust undertakes to supplement this Prospectus to reflect any
material changes to the Trust after the date of this
Prospectus.
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
|
PAGE
|
Additional Information About Investments, Investment
Techniques and Risks |
1 |
Investment Restrictions |
19 |
Trustees and Officers |
20 |
The Trust |
28 |
Investment Adviser and Investment Advisory Agreement |
31 |
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
33 |
Code of Ethics |
34 |
Net Asset Value |
34 |
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage |
36 |
Tax Matters |
37 |
Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent, Dividend Disbursing
Agent and Registrar |
44 |
Incorporation By Reference |
44 |
Financial Statements |
45 |
Appendix A — Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
A-1 |
The information contained in this Statement of Additional
Information is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell
these securities until the registration statement filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of
Additional Information is not an offer to sell these securities and
is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state
where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION DATED NOVEMBER 10,
2022
TEKLA WORLD HEALTHCARE FUND
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
[●], 2022
Tekla World Healthcare Fund (the “Trust”) is a non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company. The Trust’s investment
objective is to seek current income and long-term capital
appreciation. Under normal market conditions, the Trust expects to
invest at least 80% of its Managed Assets (as defined below) in
U.S. and non-U.S. companies engaged in the healthcare industry
(“Healthcare Companies”) including equity securities and debt
securities. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Trust
(including any assets attributable to borrowings for investment
purposes) minus the sum of the Trust’s accrued liabilities (other
than liabilities representing borrowings for investment purposes).
The Trust’s 80% policy may only be changed with 60 days’ prior
notice to the Trust’s shareholders (“Shareholders”). The Trust will
concentrate its investments in the healthcare industries. No
assurance can be given that the Trust will achieve its investment
objective.
A company will be deemed to be a Healthcare Company if, at the time
the Trust makes an investment in the company, 50% or more of such
company’s sales, earnings or assets arise from or are dedicated to
healthcare products or services or medical technology activities.
Healthcare Companies may include companies in one or more of the
following sub-sectors: pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, managed
care, life science and tools, healthcare technology, healthcare
services, healthcare supplies, healthcare facilities, healthcare
equipment, healthcare distributors and Healthcare REITs (as defined
below). The Investment Adviser (defined below) determines, in its
discretion, whether a company is a Healthcare Company.
Under normal market conditions, the Trust expects to invest at
least 40% of its Managed Assets in companies organized or located
outside the United States or companies that do a substantial amount
of business outside the United States. The Trust may invest up to
5% of its Managed Assets in securities of issuers located in
emerging market countries (“Emerging Markets”). The Trust may hedge
its non-U.S. dollar exposure from 0%-100% at any given time, though
it typically expects to do so between 0% and 50% of such
exposure.
The Trust expects to invest 60-90% of its Managed Assets in equity
securities (which may include common stock, preferred stock and
warrants or other rights to acquire common or preferred stock). The
Trust will invest in foreign securities and may buy and sell
currencies for the purpose of settlement of transactions in foreign
securities. The Trust may invest up to 30% of its Managed Assets in
convertible securities which may include securities that are
non-investment grade. The Trust may invest up to 20% of its Managed
Assets as measured at the time of investment in non-convertible
debt securities, including corporate debt obligations and debt
securities that are rated non-investment grade (that is, rated Ba1
or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), BB+
or lower by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“S&P”),
or BB+ by Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”) or comparably rated by another
nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”),
or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of
comparable credit quality) and not including convertible
securities. The Trust may invest up to 15% of its Managed Assets in
non-convertible debt securities that are, at the time of
investment, rated Caa1 or lower by Moody’s and CCC+ or lower by
S&P or Fitch, or comparably rated by another nationally
recognized statistical rating organization, or, if unrated,
determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit
quality. Such securities are subject to a very high credit risk.
The Trust’s investments in non-investment grade investments and
those deemed to be of similar quality are considered speculative
with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay
principal and are commonly referred to as “junk” or “high yield”
securities.
The Trust may invest in derivatives, including but not limited to
options, futures, options on futures, forwards, swaps (including
credit default, index, basis, total return, volatility and currency
swaps), options on swaps and other derivatives. Initially, the
Trust intends to employ a strategy of writing (selling) covered
call options on a portion of the common stocks in its portfolio,
writing (selling) put options on a portion of the common stocks in
its portfolio and, to a lesser extent, writing (selling) covered
call and writing (selling) put options on indices of securities and
sectors of securities generally within the healthcare industry.
This option strategy is intended to
generate current income from option premiums as a means to enhance
distributions payable to the Trust’s Shareholders and will be
limited to 30% of the Trust’s Managed Assets. These option
strategies are not always profitable. The sale of a covered call
option exposes the Trust during the term of the option to possible
loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in the market price of
the underlying security or to possible loss due to continued
holding of a security that might otherwise have been sold to
protect against depreciation in the market price of the security.
Therefore, the Investment Adviser may choose to decrease its use of
the option writing strategy to the extent that it may negatively
impact the Trust. Other than the Trust’s option strategy and use of
derivatives for hedging purposes, the Trust may invest up to 10% of
its Managed Assets in derivatives.
The Trust may invest up to 10% of its Managed Assets in restricted
securities, including private investments in public equity
(“PIPEs”) and venture capital investments.
The Trust may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in real estate
investment trusts that derive their income from the ownership,
leasing, or financing of properties in the healthcare sector
(“Healthcare REITs”).
The Trust may also invest in equity-linked notes, exchange-traded
funds and special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”).
The Trust may from time-to-time lend its portfolio securities. In
addition, the Trust may enter into when-issued and delayed delivery
transactions, forward foreign currency contracts and repurchase
agreements.
The Trust’s investment adviser is Tekla Capital Management LLC (the
“Investment Adviser”).
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a
prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the prospectus
for the Trust dated [●], 2021
(the “Prospectus”), and as it may be supplemented. This SAI does
not include all information that a prospective investor should
consider before purchasing shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”)
of the Trust, and investors should obtain and read the Prospectus
prior to purchasing Shares. A copy of the Prospectus may be
obtained without charge, by calling the Investment Adviser at (617)
772-8500. This SAI incorporates by reference the entire
Prospectus.
The Trust’s annual report may be obtained upon request by calling
(617) 772-8500.
The Prospectus and this SAI omit certain of the information
contained in the Trust’s registration statement filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or “Commission”).
Information about the Trust can be reviewed on the Commission’s
Internet site at www.sec.gov.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
PAGE |
Additional Information About Investments, Investment
Techniques and Risks |
1 |
Investment Restrictions |
19 |
Trustees and Officers |
20 |
The Trust |
28 |
Investment Adviser and Investment Advisory Agreement |
31 |
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
33 |
Code of Ethics |
34 |
Net Asset Value |
34 |
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage |
36 |
Tax Matters |
37 |
Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent, Dividend Disbursing
Agent and Registrar |
44 |
Incorporation By Reference |
44 |
Financial Statements |
45 |
Appendix A — Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
A-1 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
ABOUT INVESTMENTS,
INVESTMENT TECHNIQUES AND RISKS
Some of the different types of securities in which the Trust may
invest, subject to its investment objective, policies and
restrictions, are described in the Prospectus under “Investment
Objectives and Policies” and “Risk Factors.” Additional information
concerning certain of the Trust’s investments, investment
techniques and investment restrictions is set forth below. The
Trust may utilize the following investment practices:
Healthcare Companies
The Trust expects to invest in U.S. and non-U.S. equity and debt
securities of companies in the healthcare industry, including, but
not limited to, biotechnology, pharmaceutical, medical devices and
healthcare services companies. These investments are designed to
take advantage of recent developments in certain healthcare
sectors. For example, demographic changes are driving an increase
in medical products due to the high growth rate of the population
of Americans age 65 and older. Recent developments in the
pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical technology industries
have produced a series of products that will extend or improve the
quality of patients’ lives, especially in the areas of oncology,
infectious disease, inflammation and orphan diseases. The
Investment Adviser also believes that the following trends have
investment potential: (i) biopharmaceuticals, including
products for novel targets; (ii) treatments for orphan and
ultra-orphan (i.e., rare and extremely rare) diseases,
including gene therapy; (iii) specialty pharmaceuticals;
(iv) generic pharmaceuticals; (v) novel medical devices;
(vi) life sciences tools and diagnostics; and
(vii) products that will benefit from changes in the
regulatory landscape.
Healthcare Companies provide multiple diverse investment
opportunities in a number of subsectors including, but not limited
to, the following: (i) pharmaceuticals, which includes large
and small pharmaceutical, specialty pharmaceutical and generic drug
companies; (ii) biotechnology, which includes companies
engaged in research into, and development of, biological substances
for the purposes of drug discovery and diagnostic development;
(iii) managed care, which is a segment that represents HMOs
and insurers; (iv) life sciences and tools, which includes
research organizations that help design and run clinical trials, as
well as life sciences research tools companies that offer
instruments, reagents and services to scientists in academic,
BioPharma and applied market laboratories; (v) healthcare
technology, which include companies involved in automating various
processes for hospitals and HMOs; (vi) healthcare services,
which includes pharmacy benefits managers, alternative site care
providers and laboratory services companies; (vii) healthcare
supplies, which include companies that provide products such as
tubes and bandages used every day in healthcare facilities and
laboratories; (viii) healthcare facilities, which include
hospitals and other brick and mortar facilities used to treat
patients; (ix) healthcare equipment, which include medical
diagnostic and device companies; (x) healthcare distributors,
which distribute drugs and products to patients, hospitals and
other facilities; and (xi) healthcare REITs, which are REITs
that derive their income from the ownership, leasing, or financing
of properties in the healthcare sector.
Equity Securities
The Trust expects to invest 60-90% of its Managed Assets in equity
securities, which may include common stock, preferred stock and
warrants or other rights to acquire common or preferred stock.
Common stock represents shares of a corporation or other entity
that entitle the holder to a pro rata share of the profits of the
entity, if any, without preference over any other Shareholder or
class of Shareholders, including holders of the entity’s preferred
stock and other senior equity. Common stock usually carries with it
the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so. The
Trust may invest in preferred stocks, which represent shares of a
corporation or other entity that pay dividends at a specified rate
and have precedence over common stock in the payment of dividends.
If the corporation or other entity is liquidated or declares
bankruptcy, the claims of owners of preferred stock will have
precedence over the claims of owners of common stock, but not over
the claims of owners of bonds. Some preferred stock dividends are
non-cumulative, but some are “cumulative,” meaning that they
require that all or a portion of prior unpaid dividends be paid to
preferred shareholders before any dividends are paid to common
shareholders. Certain preferred stock dividends are “participating”
and include an entitlement to a dividend exceeding the specified
dividend rate in certain cases. Investments in preferred stocks
carry many of the same risks as investments in common stocks and
debt securities.
Debt Securities
The Trust may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets as measured at
the time of investment in non-convertible debt securities,
including corporate debt obligations and debt securities that are
rated non-investment grade (that is, rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s,
BB+ or lower by S&P, or BB+ by Fitch or comparably rated by
another NRSRO, or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser
to be of comparable credit quality) and not including convertible
securities. The Trust may invest up to 15% of its Managed Assets
in
non-convertible debt securities that are, at the time of
investment, rated Caa1 or lower by Moody’s and CCC+ or lower by
S&P or Fitch, or comparably rated by another nationally
recognized statistical rating organization, or, if unrated,
determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit
quality. Such securities are subject to a very high credit risk. To
the extent the Trust invests in the following types of debt
securities, its net asset value may change as the general levels of
interest rates fluctuate. When interest rates decline, the value of
debt securities can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest
rates rise, the value of debt securities can be expected to
decline. The Trust’s investments in debt securities with longer
terms to maturity are subject to greater volatility than the
Trust’s shorter-term obligations. Debt securities may have all
types of interest rate payment and reset terms, including fixed
rate, adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment
in kind and auction rate features.
Corporate debt obligations include bonds, notes, debentures and
other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay
principal. Corporate debt obligations are subject to the risk of an
issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on the
obligations and may also be subject to price volatility due to such
factors as market interest rates, market perception of the
creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity.
Corporate debt obligations rated BBB or Baa are considered medium
grade obligations with speculative characteristics, and adverse
economic conditions or changing circumstances may weaken their
issuers’ capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Medium to
lower rated and comparable non-rated securities tend to offer
higher yields than higher rated securities with the same maturities
because the historical financial condition of the issuers of such
securities may not have been as strong as that of other issuers.
The price of corporate debt obligations will generally fluctuate in
response to fluctuations in supply and demand for similarly rated
securities. In addition, the price of corporate debt obligations
will generally fluctuate in response to interest rate levels.
Fluctuations in the prices of portfolio securities subsequent to
their acquisition will not affect cash income from such securities
but will be reflected in the Trust’s net asset value (“NAV”).
Because medium to lower rated securities generally involve greater
risks of loss of income and principal than higher rated securities,
investors should consider carefully the relative risks associated
with investment in securities which carry medium to lower ratings
and in comparable unrated securities. In addition to the risk of
default, there are the related costs of recovery on defaulted
issues. The Investment Adviser will attempt to reduce these risks
through portfolio diversification and by analysis of each issuer
and its ability to make timely payments of income and principal, as
well as broad economic trends and corporate developments.
The Trust may invest in obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. or
foreign banks. Bank obligations, including without limitation, time
deposits, bankers’ acceptances and certificates of deposit, which
may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to
the issuing branch by the terms of the specific obligations or by
government regulation. Banks are subject to extensive but different
governmental regulations which may limit both the amount and types
of loans which may be made and interest rates which may be charged.
In addition, the profitability of the banking industry is largely
dependent upon the availability and cost of funds for the purpose
of financing lending operations under prevailing money market
conditions. General economic conditions as well as exposure to
credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of
borrowers play an important part in the operation of this
industry.
Certificates of deposit are certificates evidencing the obligation
of a bank to repay funds deposited with it for a specified period
of time at a specified rate. Certificates of deposit are negotiable
instruments and are similar to saving deposits but have a definite
maturity and are evidenced by a certificate instead of a passbook
entry. Banks are required to keep reserves against all certificates
of deposit. Fixed time deposits are bank obligations payable at a
stated maturity date and bearing interest at a fixed rate. Fixed
time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may
be subject to early withdrawal penalties which vary depending upon
market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. The
Trust may invest in deposits in U.S. and European banks satisfying
the standards set forth above.
Foreign Securities
The Trust will invest in securities of foreign issuers, including
securities quoted or denominated in a currency other than U.S.
dollars. Investments in foreign securities may offer potential
benefits not available from investments solely in U.S.
dollar-denominated or quoted securities of domestic issuers. Such
benefits may include the opportunity to invest in foreign issuers
that appear, in the opinion of the Investment Adviser, to offer the
potential for better long term growth of capital and income than
investments in U.S. securities, the opportunity to invest in
foreign countries with economic policies or business cycles
different from those of the United States and the opportunity to
reduce fluctuations in portfolio value by taking advantage of
foreign securities markets that do not necessarily move in a manner
parallel to U.S. markets. Investing in the securities of foreign
issuers also involves, however, certain special risks, including
those discussed in the Prospectus and those set forth below, which
are not typically associated with investing in U.S. dollar-
denominated securities or quoted securities of U.S. issuers. Many
of these risks are more pronounced for investments in emerging
economies.
With respect to investments in certain foreign countries, there
exist certain economic, political and social risks, including the
risk of adverse political developments, nationalization, military
unrest, social instability, war and terrorism, confiscation without
fair compensation, expropriation or confiscatory taxation,
limitations on the movement of funds and other assets between
different countries, or diplomatic developments, any of which could
adversely affect the Trust’s investments in those countries.
Governments in certain foreign countries continue to participate to
a significant degree, through ownership interest or regulation, in
their respective economies. Action by these governments could have
a significant effect on market prices of securities and dividend
payments.
Many countries throughout the world are dependent on a healthy U.S.
economy and are adversely affected when the U.S. economy weakens or
its markets decline. Additionally, many foreign country economies
are heavily dependent on international trade and are adversely
affected by protective trade barriers and economic conditions of
their trading partners. Protectionist trade legislation enacted by
those trading partners could have a significant adverse effect on
the securities markets of those countries. Individual foreign
economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy
in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of
inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and
balance of payments position.
Economic sanctions or other similar measures may be, and have been,
imposed against certain countries, organizations, companies,
entities and/or individuals. Economic sanctions and other similar
governmental actions or developments could, among other things,
effectively restrict or eliminate the Trust’s ability to purchase
or sell certain foreign securities or groups of foreign securities,
and thus may make the Trust’s investments in such securities less
liquid or more difficult to value. In addition, as a result of
economic sanctions and other similar governmental actions or
developments, the Trust may be forced to sell or otherwise dispose
of foreign investments at inopportune times or prices. The type and
severity of sanctions and other similar measures, including counter
sanctions and other retaliatory actions, that have been impacted
against Russia and other countries and that may further be imposed
could vary broadly in scope, and their impact is difficult to
accurately predict. For example, the imposition of sanctions and
other similar measures likely would, among other things, cause a
decline in the value and/or liquidity of securities issued by the
sanctioned country or companies located in or economically tied to
the sanctioned country and increase market volatility and
disruption in the sanctioned country and throughout the world.
Sanctions and other similar measures could significantly delay or
prevent the settlement of securities transactions or their
valuation, and significantly impact the Trust’s liquidity and
performance. Sanctions and other similar measures may be in place
for a substantial period of time and enacted with limited advanced
notice.
Investments in foreign securities often involve currencies of
foreign countries. Accordingly, the Trust may be affected favorably
or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange control
regulations and may incur costs in connection with conversions
between various currencies. The Trust may be subject to currency
exposure independent of its securities positions. To the extent
that the Trust is fully invested in foreign securities while also
maintaining net currency positions, it may be exposed to greater
combined risk. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly
over short periods of time. They generally are determined by the
forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets and the
relative merits of investments in different countries, actual or
anticipated changes in interest rates and other complex factors, as
seen from an international perspective. Currency exchange rates
also can be affected unpredictably by intervention (or the failure
to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks or by
currency controls or political developments in the United States or
abroad.
Because foreign issuers generally are not subject to uniform
accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices
and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies,
there may be less publicly available information about a foreign
company than about a U.S. company. Volume and liquidity in most
foreign securities markets are less than in the United States
markets and securities of many foreign companies are less liquid
and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. The
securities of foreign issuers may be listed on foreign securities
exchanges or traded in foreign over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets.
Fixed commissions on foreign securities exchanges are generally
higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges, although the
Trust endeavors to achieve the most favorable net results on its
portfolio transactions. There is generally less government
supervision and regulation of foreign securities markets and
exchanges, brokers, dealers and listed and unlisted companies than
in the United States, and the legal remedies for investors may be
more limited than the remedies available in the United States. For
example, there may be no comparable provisions under certain
foreign laws to insider trading and similar investor protections
that apply with respect to securities transactions consummated in
the United States. Mail service between the United States and
foreign countries may be slower or less reliable than within the
United States, thus increasing the risk of delayed settlement of
portfolio transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio
securities.
Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement
procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when
settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of
securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such
transactions. Such delays in settlement could result in temporary
periods when some of the Trust’s assets are uninvested and no
return is earned on such assets. The inability of the Trust to make
intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause
the Trust to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to
dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems could
result either in losses to the Trust due to subsequent declines in
value of the portfolio securities or, if the Trust has entered into
a contract to sell the securities, in possible liability to the
purchaser.
The Trust may invest in foreign securities which take the form of
sponsored and unsponsored American depositary receipts (“ADRs”),
global depositary receipts (“GDRs”), European depositary receipts
(“EDRs”) or other similar instruments representing securities of
foreign issuers (together, “Depositary Receipts”). ADRs represent
the right to receive securities of foreign issuers deposited in a
domestic bank or a correspondent bank. ADRs are traded on domestic
exchanges or in the U.S. OTC market and, generally, are in
registered form. EDRs and GDRs are receipts evidencing an
arrangement with a non-U.S. bank similar to that for ADRs and are
designed for use in the non-U.S. securities markets. EDRs and GDRs
are not necessarily quoted in the same currency as the underlying
security. To the extent the Trust acquires Depositary Receipts
through banks which do not have a contractual relationship with the
foreign issuer of the security underlying the Depositary Receipts
to issue and service such unsponsored Depositary Receipts, there
may be an increased possibility that the Trust would not become
aware of and be able to respond to corporate actions such as stock
splits or rights offerings involving the foreign issuer in a timely
manner. In addition, the lack of information may result in
inefficiencies in the valuation of such instruments. Investment in
Depositary Receipts does not eliminate all the risks inherent in
investing in securities of non-U.S. issuers. The market value of
Depositary Receipts is dependent upon the market value of the
underlying securities and fluctuations in the relative value of the
currencies in which the Depositary Receipts and the underlying
securities are quoted. However, by investing in Depositary
Receipts, such as ADRs, which are quoted in U.S. dollars, the Trust
may avoid currency risks during the settlement period for purchases
and sales.
As described more fully below, the Trust may invest in countries
with emerging economies or securities markets. Political and
economic structures in many of such countries may be undergoing
significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may
lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of
more developed countries. Certain of such countries have in the
past failed to recognize private property rights and have at times
nationalized or expropriated the assets of private companies. As a
result, the risks described above, including the risks of
nationalization or expropriation of assets, may be heightened.
Investing in Europe. The Trust may operate in euros and/ or
may hold euros and/or euro-denominated bonds and other obligations.
The euro requires participation of multiple sovereign states
forming the Euro zone and is therefore sensitive to the credit,
general economic and political position of each such state,
including each state’s actual and intended ongoing engagement with
and/or support for the other sovereign states then forming the
European Union, in particular those within the Euro zone. Changes
in these factors might materially adversely impact the value of
securities that the Trust has invested in.
European countries can be significantly affected by the tight
fiscal and monetary controls that the European Economic and
Monetary Union (“EMU”) imposes for membership. Europe’s economies
are diverse, its governments are decentralized, and its cultures
vary widely. Several EU countries, including
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Spain and Portugal have faced
budget issues, some of which may have negative long-term effects
for the economies of those countries and other EU countries. There
is continued concern about national-level support for the euro and
the accompanying coordination of fiscal and wage policy among EMU
member countries. Member countries are required to maintain tight
control over inflation, public debt, and budget deficit to qualify
for membership in the EMU. These requirements can severely limit
the ability of EMU member countries to implement monetary policy to
address regional economic conditions.
Investing in Canada. The Trust may invest in issuers located
in Canada or that have significant exposure to the Canadian
economy. The Canadian market is relatively concentrated in issuers
involved in the production and distribution of natural resources,
and therefore the Canadian economy is very dependent on the supply
and demand for natural resources. There is a risk that any changes
in these sectors could have an adverse impact on the Canadian
economy. The Canadian economy is dependent on the economy of the
United States as the United States is Canada’s largest trading
partner and foreign investor. Reduction in spending on Canadian
products and services or changes in the U.S. economy may cause an
impact in the Canadian economy. Past periodic demands by the
Province of Quebec for sovereignty have also significantly affected
equity valuations and foreign currency movements in the Canadian
market.
Investing in Emerging Countries. The securities markets of
emerging countries (“Emerging Markets”) are less liquid and subject
to greater price volatility, and have a smaller market
capitalization, than the U.S. securities markets. In certain
countries, there may be
fewer publicly traded securities and the market may be dominated by
a few issues or sectors. Issuers and securities markets in such
countries are not subject to as extensive and frequent accounting,
financial and other reporting requirements or as comprehensive
government regulations as are issuers and securities markets in the
U.S. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the
financial statements of Emerging Markets issuers may not reflect
their financial position or results of operations in the same
manner as financial statements for U.S. issuers. Substantially less
information may be publicly available about Emerging Markets
issuers than is available about issuers in the United States.
Emerging Markets are typically marked by a high concentration of
market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of
issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a
high concentration of ownership of such securities by a limited
number of investors. The markets for securities in certain Emerging
Markets are in the earliest stages of their development. Even the
markets for relatively widely traded securities in Emerging Markets
may not be able to absorb, without price disruptions, a significant
increase in trading volume or trades of a size customarily
undertaken by institutional investors in the securities markets of
developed countries. The limited size of many of these securities
markets can cause prices to be erratic for reasons apart from
factors that affect the soundness and competitiveness of the
securities issuers. For example, prices may be unduly influenced by
traders who control large positions in these markets. Additionally,
market making and arbitrage activities are generally less extensive
in such markets, which may contribute to increased volatility and
reduced liquidity of such markets. The limited liquidity of
Emerging Markets securities may also affect the Trust’s ability to
accurately value its portfolio securities or to acquire or dispose
of securities at the price and time it wishes to do so or in order
to meet redemption requests.
With respect to investments in certain Emerging Markets, antiquated
or poorly established legal systems may have an adverse impact on
the Trust. For example, while the potential liability of a
shareholder of a U.S. corporation with respect to acts of the
corporation is generally limited to the amount of the shareholder’s
investment, the notion of limited liability is less clear in
certain emerging market countries. Similarly, the rights of
investors in emerging market companies may be more limited than
those of shareholders of U.S. corporations.
Transaction costs, including brokerage commissions or dealer
mark-ups, in Emerging Markets may be higher than in the United
States and other developed securities markets. In addition,
existing laws and regulations are often inconsistently applied. As
legal systems in Emerging Markets develop, foreign investors may be
adversely affected by new or amended laws and regulations. In
circumstances where adequate laws exist, it may not be possible to
obtain swift and equitable enforcement of the law.
Custodial and/or settlement systems in Emerging Markets may not be
fully developed. To the extent the Trust invests in emerging
markets, Trust assets that are traded in such markets and which
have been entrusted to such sub-custodians in those markets may be
exposed to risks for which the sub-custodian will have no
liability.
Foreign investment in Emerging Markets is restricted or controlled
to varying degrees. These restrictions may limit the Trust’s
investment in Emerging Markets and may increase the expenses of the
Trust. Certain Emerging Markets require governmental approval prior
to investments by foreign persons or limit investment by foreign
persons to only a specified percentage of an issuer’s outstanding
securities or a specific class of securities which may have less
advantageous terms (including price) than securities of the company
available for purchase by nationals. In addition, the repatriation
of both investment income and capital from Emerging Markets may be
subject to restrictions which require governmental consents or
prohibit repatriation entirely for a period of time. Even where
there is no outright restriction on repatriation of capital, the
mechanics of repatriation may affect certain aspects of the
operation of the Trust. The Trust may be required to establish
special custodial or other arrangements before investing in certain
Emerging Markets.
Emerging Markets may be subject to a substantially greater degree
of economic, political and social instability and disruption than
is the case in the United States, Japan and most Western European
countries. This instability may result from, among other things,
the following: (i) authoritarian governments or military
involvement in political and economic decision making, including
changes or attempted changes in governments through
extra-constitutional means; (ii) popular unrest associated
with demands for improved political, economic or social conditions;
(iii) internal insurgencies; (iv) hostile relations with
neighboring countries; (v) ethnic, religious and racial
disaffection or conflict; and (vi) the absence of developed
legal structures governing foreign private investments and private
property. Such economic, political and social instability could
disrupt the principal financial markets in which the Trust may
invest and adversely affect the value of the Trust’s assets. The
Trust’s investments can also be adversely affected by any increase
in taxes or by political, economic or diplomatic developments.
The Trust may seek investment opportunities within former “Eastern
bloc” countries. Most of these countries had a centrally planned,
socialist economy for a substantial period of time. The governments
of many of these countries have more recently been implementing
reforms directed at political and economic liberalization,
including efforts to decentralize the economic decision-making
process and move towards a market economy. However, business
entities in many of these countries do not have an extended history
of operating in a market-oriented economy, and the ultimate impact
of these countries’ attempts to move toward more market-oriented
economies is currently unclear. In addition, any change in the
leadership or policies of these countries may halt the expansion of
or reverse the liberalization of foreign investment policies now
occurring and adversely affect existing investment
opportunities.
The economies of Emerging Markets may differ unfavorably from the
U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product,
rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources,
self-sufficiency and balance of payments. Many Emerging Markets
have experienced in the past, and continue to experience, high
rates of inflation. In certain countries inflation has at times
accelerated rapidly to hyperinflationary levels, creating a
negative interest rate environment and sharply eroding the value of
outstanding financial assets in those countries. Other Emerging
Markets, on the other hand, have recently experienced deflationary
pressures and are in economic recessions. The economies of many
Emerging Markets are heavily dependent upon international trade and
are accordingly affected by protective trade barriers and the
economic conditions of their trading partners. In addition, the
economies of some Emerging Markets are vulnerable to weakness in
world prices for their commodity exports.
The Trust’s income and, in some cases, capital gains from foreign
stocks and securities will be subject to applicable taxation in
certain of the countries in which it invests, and treaties between
the U.S. and such countries may not be available in some cases to
reduce the otherwise applicable tax rates.
From time to time, certain of the companies in which the Trust may
invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to
sanctions or embargos imposed by the U.S. government and the United
Nations and/or countries identified by the U.S. government as state
sponsors of terrorism. A company may suffer damage to its
reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or
has dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes
imposed by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism. As
an investor in such companies, the Trust would be indirectly
subject to those risks.
REITs
The Trust may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in Healthcare
REITs. The value of a REIT is affected by changes in the value of
the properties owned by the REIT or securing mortgage loans held by
the REIT. REITs are dependent upon the ability of the REITs’
managers, and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by
borrowers and the qualification of the REITs under applicable
regulatory requirements for favorable income tax treatment. REITs
are also subject to risks generally associated with investments in
real estate including possible declines in the value of real
estate, general and local economic conditions, environmental
problems and changes in interest rates. To the extent that assets
underlying a REIT are concentrated geographically, by property type
or in certain other respects, these risks may be heightened. The
Trust will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses,
including management fees, paid by a REIT in which it invests.
Healthcare REITs are REITs that derive their income from the
ownership, leasing, or financing of properties in the healthcare
sector.
Derivatives
The Trust may use various types of financial instruments, some of
which are derivatives, to attempt to manage the risk of the Trust’s
investments or for investment purposes (e.g., as a
substitute for investing in securities). These financial
instruments include, among others, options, futures, options on
futures, forwards, swaps (including credit default, index, basis,
total return, volatility and currency swaps), and options on swaps.
Positions in these financial instruments may expose the Trust to an
obligation to another party. The Trust will not enter into any such
transaction unless it owns (1) an offsetting (“covered”)
position in securities, currencies or other options, futures
contracts or forward contracts or (2) cash or liquid assets
with a value, marked-to-market daily, sufficient to cover their
obligations to the extent not covered as provided in
(1) above. The Trust will comply with Commission guidelines
regarding cover for these instruments and will, if the guidelines
so require, designate the prescribed amount of cash or liquid
assets as segregated.
Assets used as cover or held as segregated cannot be sold while the
position in the corresponding financial instrument is open unless
they are replaced with other appropriate assets.
The Trust intends to employ a strategy of writing (selling) covered
call options on a portion of the common stocks in its portfolio,
writing (selling) put options on a portion of the common stocks in
its portfolio and, to a lesser extent, writing (selling) covered
call and writing (selling) put options on indices of securities and
sectors of securities generally within the healthcare industry.
This option
strategy is intended to generate current income from option
premiums as a means to enhance distributions payable to the Trust’s
Shareholders and will be limited to 30% of the Trust’s Managed
Assets. These option strategies are not always profitable. The sale
of a covered call option exposes the Trust during the term of the
option to possible loss of opportunity to realize appreciation in
the market price of the underlying security or to possible loss due
to continued holding of a security that might otherwise have been
sold to protect against depreciation in the market price of the
security. To the extent the Trust writes a covered put option, the
Trust has assumed the obligation during the option period to
purchase the security or securities from the put buyer at the
option’s exercise price if the put buyer exercises its option,
regardless of whether the value of the underlying investment falls
below the exercise price. This means that a Trust that writes a put
option may be required make payment for such investment at the
exercise price. This may result in losses to the Trust and may
result in the Trust holding securities for some period of time when
it is disadvantageous to do so. Therefore, the Investment Adviser
may choose to decrease its use of the option writing strategy to
the extent that it may negatively impact the Trust. Other than the
Trust’s option strategy and use of derivatives for hedging
purposes, the Trust may invest up to 10% of its Managed Assets in
derivatives. Derivative instruments can be illiquid, may
disproportionately increase losses, and may have a potentially
large adverse impact on Trust performance.
Derivatives markets have been subject to increased regulation over
the past several years, which may continue, and consequently, may
make derivatives trading more costly, may limit the availability of
and reduce the liquidity of derivatives or may otherwise adversely
affect the value or performance of derivatives. Such potential
adverse future developments could increase the risks reduce the
effectiveness of the Trust’s derivative transactions, and cause the
Trust to lose value. For instance, the Commission has adopted new
regulations related to a registered investment company’s use of
derivatives and related instruments. These regulations may
significantly impact the Trust’s ability to invest in derivatives
and other instruments, limit the Trust’s ability to employ certain
strategies that use derivatives and/or adversely affect the Trust’s
performance, efficiency in implementing its strategy, liquidity
and/or ability to pursue its investment objectives.
Initial Public Offerings
The Trust may invest a portion of its assets in shares of IPOs, if
consistent with the Trust’s investment objective and policies. IPOs
may have a magnified impact on the performance of a fund with a
small asset base. The impact of IPOs on a fund’s performance likely
will decrease as such fund’s asset size increases, which could
reduce such fund’s returns. IPOs may not be consistently available
to the Trust for investing. IPO shares frequently are volatile in
price due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number
of shares available for trading and limited information about the
issuer. Therefore, the Trust may hold IPO shares for a very short
period of time. This may increase turnover and may lead to
increased expenses, such as commissions and transaction costs all
of which will be borne indirectly by the holders of Shares. In
addition, IPO shares can experience an immediate drop in value
if the demand for the securities does not continue to support the
offering price.
Convertible Securities
The Trust may invest up to 30% of its Managed Assets in convertible
securities. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes,
preferred stocks or other securities that may be converted into or
exchanged for a specified amount of common stock (or other
securities) of the same or different issuer within a particular
period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible
security entitles the holder to receive interest that is generally
paid or accrued on debt or a dividend that is paid or accrued on
preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is
redeemed, converted or exchanged. Convertible securities have
unique investment characteristics, in that they generally
(i) have higher yields than common stocks, but lower yields
than comparable non-convertible securities, (ii) are less
subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock
due to their fixed income characteristics and (iii) provide
the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the
underlying common stock increases.
The value of a convertible security is a function of its
“investment value” (determined by its yield in comparison with the
yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that
do not have a conversion privilege) and its conversion value (the
security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying
common stock). The investment value of a convertible security is
influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value
normally declining as interest rates increase and increasing as
interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other
factors may also have an effect on the convertible security’s
investment value. The conversion value of a convertible security is
determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If
the conversion value is low relative to the investment value, the
price of the convertible security is governed principally by its
investment value. To the extent the market price of the underlying
common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price
of the convertible security will be increasingly influenced by its
conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a
premium over its conversion value by the extent to which investors
place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock
while holding a fixed income security.
A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option
of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Trust
is called for redemption, the Trust will be required to convert the
security into the underlying common stock, sell it to a third party
or permit the issuer to redeem the security. Any of these actions
could have an adverse effect on the Trust’s ability to achieve its
investment objective, which, in turn, could result in losses to the
Trust. To the extent that the Trust holds a convertible security,
or a security that is otherwise converted or exchanged for common
stock (e.g., as a result of a restructuring), the Trust may,
consistent with its investment objective, hold such common stock in
its portfolio.
In evaluating a convertible security, the Investment Adviser will
give primary emphasis to the attractiveness of the underlying
common stock. Convertible debt securities are equity investments
for purposes of the Trust’s investment policies.
Restricted Securities
The Trust may invest up to 10% of its Managed Assets in U.S.
securities and other U.S. financial instruments that are not
registered or that are offered in an exempt non-public offering
(“Restricted Securities”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended (the “Securities Act”), including securities eligible for
resale to “qualified institutional buyers” pursuant to
Rule 144A under the Securities Act, PIPEs and venture capital
investments.
The purchase price and subsequent valuation of Restricted
Securities may reflect a discount from the price at which such
securities trade when they are not restricted, because the
restriction makes them less liquid. The amount of the discount from
the prevailing market price is expected to vary depending upon the
type of security, the character of the issuer, the party who will
bear the expenses of registering the Restricted Securities and
prevailing supply and demand conditions.
Pooled Investment Vehicles
The Trust may invest in securities of pooled investment vehicles,
including other investment companies, ETFs and exchange-traded
notes (“ETNs”). The Trust will indirectly bear its proportionate
share of any management fees and other expenses paid by pooled
investment vehicles in which it invests, in addition to the
management fees (and other expenses) paid by the Trust. The Trust’s
investments in pooled investment vehicles are subject to statutory
limitations prescribed by the Investment Company Act, including in
certain circumstances a prohibition on the Trust acquiring more
that 3% of the voting shares of any other investment company, and a
prohibition on investing more than 5% of the Trust’s total assets
in securities of any one investment company or more than 10% of its
total assets in the securities of all investment companies. Many
ETFs, however, have obtained exemptive relief from the Commission
to permit unaffiliated funds (such as the Trust) to invest in their
shares beyond these statutory limits, subject to certain conditions
and pursuant to contractual arrangements between the ETFs and the
investing funds. The Trust may rely on these exemptive orders it
invest in unaffiliated ETFs. Under an exemptive rule adopted
by the Commission, the Trust may invest in certain other investment
companies and money market funds beyond the statutory limits
described above.
The Trust may purchase shares of investment companies investing
primarily in foreign securities, including “country funds.” Country
funds have portfolios consisting primarily of securities of issuers
located in specified foreign countries or regions.
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles issuing shares which are traded
like traditional equity securities on a stock exchange. An ETF
represents a portfolio of securities or other assets, which is
often designed to track a particular market segment or index. An
investment in an ETF, like one in any pooled investment vehicle,
carries the risks of its underlying securities or other assets. An
ETF may fail to accurately track the returns of the market segment
or index that it is designed to track, and the price of an ETF’s
shares may fluctuate or lose money. In addition, because they,
unlike other pooled investment vehicles, are traded on an exchange,
ETFs are subject to the following risks: (i) the market price
of the ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the ETF’s
NAY; (ii) an active trading market for an ETF may not develop
or be maintained; and (iii) there is no assurance that the
requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of
the ETF will continue to be met or remain unchanged. In the event
substantial market or other disruptions affecting ETFs should occur
in the future, the liquidity and value of the Trust’s shares could
also be substantially and adversely affected.
Options on Securities and Securities Indices
Writing Covered Options. The Trust may write (sell) covered
call and put options on any securities in which it may invest or
any securities index consisting of securities in which it may
invest. The Trust may write such options on securities that are
listed on
national domestic securities exchanges or foreign securities
exchanges or traded in the OTC market. A call option written by the
Trust obligates the Trust to sell specified securities to the
holder of the option at a specified price if the option is
exercised on or before the expiration date. Depending upon the type
of call option, the purchaser of a call option either (i) has
the right to any appreciation in the value of the security over a
fixed price (the “exercise price”) on a certain date in the future
(the “expiration date”) or (ii) has the right to any
appreciation in the value of the security over the exercise price
at any time prior to the expiration of the option. If the purchaser
does not exercise the option, the Trust pays the purchaser the
difference between the price of the security and the exercise price
of the option. The premium, the exercise price and the market value
of the security determine the gain or loss realized by the Trust as
the seller of the call option. The Trust can also repurchase the
call option prior to the expiration date, ending its obligation. In
this case, the cost of entering into closing purchase transactions
will determine the gain or loss realized by the Trust. All call
options written by the Trust are covered, which means that the
Trust will own the securities subject to the option as long as the
option is outstanding or the Trust will use the other methods
described below. The Trust’s purpose in writing covered call
options is to realize greater income than would be realized on
portfolio securities transactions alone. However, the Trust may
forego the opportunity to profit from an increase in the market
price of the underlying security.
A put option written by the Trust would obligate the Trust to
purchase specified securities from the option holder at a specified
price if, depending upon the type of put option, either
(i) the option is exercised at any time on or before the
expiration date or (ii) the option is exercised on the
expiration date. All put options written by the Trust would be
covered, which means that the Trust will segregate cash or liquid
assets with a value at least equal to the exercise price of the put
option (less any margin on deposit) or will use the other methods
described below. The purpose of writing such options is to generate
additional income for the Trust. However, in return for the option
premium, the Trust accepts the risk that it may be required to
purchase the underlying securities at a price in excess of the
securities’ market value at the time of purchase.
In the case of a call option, the option is “covered” if the Trust
owns the instrument underlying the call or has an absolute and
immediate right to acquire that instrument without additional cash
consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required,
liquid assets in such amount are segregated) upon conversion or
exchange of other instruments held by it. A call option is also
covered if the Trust holds a call on the same instrument as the
option written where the exercise price of the option held is
(i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the option
written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the option
written provided the Trust segregates liquid assets in the amount
of the difference. A put option is also covered if the Trust holds
a put on the same instrument as the option written where the
exercise price of the option held is (i) equal to or higher
than the exercise price of the option written, or (ii) less
than the exercise price of the option written provided the Trust
segregates liquid assets in the amount of the difference. The Trust
may also cover options on securities by segregating cash or liquid
assets, as permitted by applicable law, with a value, when added to
any margin on deposit that is equal to the market value of the
securities in the case of a call option. Segregated cash or liquid
assets may be quoted or denominated in any currency.
Options on securities indices are similar to options on securities,
except that the exercise of securities index options requires cash
payments and does not involve the actual purchase or sale of
securities. In addition, securities index options are designed to
reflect price fluctuations in a group of securities or segment of
the securities market rather than price fluctuations in a single
security.
The Trust may cover call options on a securities index by owning
securities whose price changes are expected to be similar to those
of the underlying index, or by having an absolute and immediate
right to acquire such securities without additional cash
consideration (or for additional consideration which has been
segregated by the Trust) upon conversion or exchange of other
securities in its portfolio. The Trust may also cover call and put
options on a securities index by segregating cash or liquid assets,
as permitted by applicable law, with a value, when added to any
margin on deposit, that is equal to the market value of the
underlying securities in the case of a call option, or the exercise
price in the case of a put option, or by owning offsetting options
as described above.
The Trust may terminate its obligations under an exchange traded
call or put option by purchasing an option identical to the one it
has written. Obligations under OTC options may be terminated only
by entering into an offsetting transaction with the counterparty to
such option. Such purchases are referred to as “closing purchase
transactions.”
Purchasing Options. The Trust may purchase put and call
options on any securities in which it may invest or any securities
index comprised of securities in which it may invest. The Trust may
also enter into closing sale transactions in order to realize gains
or minimize losses on options it had purchased.
The Trust may purchase call options in anticipation of an increase,
or put options in anticipation of a decrease, in the market value
of securities or other instruments of the type in which it may
invest (“protective puts”). The purchase of a call option would
entitle the Trust, in return for the premium paid, to purchase
specified securities or other instruments at a specified price
during the option period.
The Trust would ordinarily realize a gain on the purchase of a call
option if, during the option period, the value of such securities
exceeded the sum of the exercise price, the premium paid and
transaction costs; otherwise the Trust would realize either no gain
or a loss on the purchase of the call option. The purchase of a put
option would entitle the Trust, in exchange for the premium paid,
to sell specified securities at a specified price during the option
period. The purchase of protective puts is designed to offset or
hedge against a decline in the market value of the Trust’s
securities. Put options may also be purchased by the Trust for the
purpose of affirmatively benefiting from a decline in the price of
securities which it does not own. The Trust would ordinarily
realize a gain if, during the option period, the value of the
underlying securities decreased below the exercise price
sufficiently to cover the premium and transaction costs; otherwise
the Trust would realize either no gain or a loss on the purchase of
the put option. Gains and losses on the purchase of put options may
be offset by countervailing changes in the value of the underlying
portfolio securities.
The Trust would purchase put and call options on securities indices
for the same purposes as it would purchase options on individual
securities.
Risks Associated with Options Transactions. There is no
assurance that a liquid secondary market on an options exchange
will exist for any particular exchange-traded option or at any
particular time. If the Trust is unable to effect a closing
purchase transaction with respect to covered options it has
written, the Trust will not be able to sell the underlying
securities or dispose of segregated assets until the options expire
or are exercised. Similarly, if the Trust is unable to effect a
closing sale transaction with respect to options it has purchased,
it will have to exercise the options in order to realize any profit
and will incur transaction costs upon the purchase or sale of
underlying securities.
Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange
include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading
interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions may be imposed
by an exchange on opening or closing transactions or both;
(iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be
imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options;
(iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal
operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange
or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all times be
adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more
exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be
compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options
(or a particular class or series of options), in which event the
secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of
options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options on that
exchange that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation
as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be
exercisable in accordance with their terms.
There can be no assurance that higher trading activity, order flow
or other unforeseen events will not, at times, render certain of
the facilities of the Options Clearing Corporation or various
exchanges inadequate. Such events have, in the past, resulted in
the institution by an exchange of special procedures, such as
trading rotations, restrictions on certain types of order or
trading halts or suspensions with respect to one or more options.
These special procedures may limit liquidity.
The Trust may purchase and sell both options that are traded on
U.S. and foreign exchanges and options traded OTC with
broker-dealers who make markets in these options. The ability to
terminate OTC options is more limited than with exchange-traded
options and may involve the risk that broker-dealers participating
in such transactions will not fulfill their obligations.
Transactions by the Trust in options will be subject to limitations
established by each of the exchanges, boards of trade or other
trading facilities on which such options are traded governing the
maximum number of options in each class which may be written or
purchased by a single investor or group of investors acting in
concert regardless of whether the options are written or purchased
on the same or different exchanges, boards of trade or other
trading facility or are held in one or more accounts or through one
or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which the Trust may
write or purchase may be affected by options written or purchased
by other investment advisory clients of the Investment Adviser. An
exchange, board of trade or other trading facility may order the
liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits, and
it may impose certain other sanctions.
The writing and purchase of options is a highly specialized
activity which involves investment techniques and risks different
from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities
transactions. The use of options to seek to increase total return
involves the risk of loss if the Investment Adviser is incorrect in
its expectation of fluctuations in securities prices or interest
rates. The successful use of options for hedging purposes also
depends in part on the ability of the Investment Adviser to manage
future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the
options and securities markets. If the Investment Adviser is
incorrect in its expectation of changes in securities prices or
determination of the correlation between the securities or
securities indices on which options are written and purchased and
the securities in the Trust’s investment portfolio, the Trust may
incur losses that it would not otherwise incur. The writing of
options could increase the Trust’s portfolio turnover rate and,
therefore, associated brokerage commissions or spreads.
Futures Contracts and Options and Swaps on Futures
Contracts
Futures Contracts. The Trust may enter into contracts for
the purchase or sale for future delivery (a “futures contract”) of
baskets of securities, financial indices, financial instruments or
foreign currencies. The Trust may purchase or sell futures
contracts to attempt to protect the value of its securities from
market-wide price movements and fluctuations in interest or foreign
exchange rates without actually buying or selling securities or
foreign currency.
A “sale” of a futures contract (or a “short” futures position)
means the assumption of a contractual obligation to deliver the
securities or currency underlying the contract at a specified price
and at a specified future time. A “purchase” of a futures contract
(or a “long” futures position) means the assumption of a
contractual obligation to acquire the securities or currency
underlying the contract at a specified price and at a specified
future time.
Margin Requirements. At the time a futures contract is
purchased or sold, the Trust must allocate cash or securities as a
deposit payment (“initial margin”). It is expected that the initial
margin on U.S. exchanges may range from approximately 1% to
approximately 10% of the value of the securities or commodities
underlying the contract. Under certain circumstances, however, such
as periods of high volatility, the Trust may be required by an
exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment.
Additionally, initial margin requirements may be increased
generally in the future by regulatory action. An outstanding
futures contract is valued daily and the payment in cash of
“variation margin” may be required, a process known as “mark to the
market.”
Considerations Concerning Futures Contracts and Options on
Futures Contracts. Futures contracts entail special risks. The
ordinary spreads between values in the cash and futures markets,
due to differences in the character of these markets, are subject
to distortions relating to (1) investor’s obligations to meet
additional variation margin requirements, (2) decisions to
make or take delivery, rather than entering into offsetting
transactions, and (3) the difference between margin
requirements in the securities markets and margin deposit
requirements in the futures markets. The possibility of such
distortion means that a correct forecast of general market, foreign
exchange rate or interest rate trends by the Investment Adviser may
still not result in a successful transaction. The Trust’s ability
to establish and close out positions in futures contracts and
options on futures contracts will be subject to the development and
maintenance of a liquid market. Although the Trust generally will
purchase or sell only those futures contracts and options for which
there appears to be a liquid market, there is no assurance that a
liquid market on an exchange will exist for any particular futures
contract or option at any particular time. Under certain
circumstances, exchanges may establish daily limits in the amount
that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down
from the previous day’s settlement price. Once the daily limit has
been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that
day at a price beyond that limit.
Forward Contracts
Forward contracts involve the purchase or sale of a specific
quantity of a commodity, government security, foreign currency, or
other asset at a specified price, with delivery and settlement at a
specified future date. Because it is a completed contract, a
purchase forward contract can be a cover for the sale of a futures
contract. The Trust may enter into forward contracts for hedging
purposes and non-hedging purposes (i.e., to increase
returns). Forward contracts may be used by the Trust for hedging
purposes to protect against uncertainty in the level of future
foreign currency exchange rates, such as when the Trust anticipates
purchasing or selling a foreign security. For example, this
technique would allow the Trust to “lock in” the U.S. dollar price
of the security. Forward contracts may also be used to attempt to
protect the value of the Trust’s existing holdings of foreign
securities. There may be, however, an imperfect correlation between
the Trust’s foreign securities holdings and the forward contracts
entered into with respect to those holdings. Forward contracts may
also be used for non-hedging purposes to pursue the Trust’s
investment objective, such as when the Trust’s Investment Adviser
anticipates that particular foreign currencies will appreciate or
depreciate in value, even though securities denominated in those
currencies are not then held in the Trust’s portfolio. There is no
requirement that the Trust hedge all or any portion of its exposure
to foreign currency risks.
Forward contracts, unlike futures contracts, are not traded on
exchanges and are not standardized; rather, banks and dealers act
as principals in these markets, negotiating each transaction on an
individual basis. The principals who deal in the forward markets
are not required to continue to make markets in the currencies or
commodities they trade and these markets can experience periods of
illiquidity, sometimes of significant duration. There have been
periods during which certain participants in these markets have
refused to quote prices for certain currencies or commodities or
have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between the price
at which they were prepared to buy and that at which they were
prepared to sell. Disruptions can occur in any market traded by the
Investment Adviser due to unusually high trading volume, political
intervention or other factors. Arrangements to trade forward
contracts may be made with only one or a few counterparties, and
liquidity problems therefore might be greater than if such
arrangements were made with numerous counterparties. The imposition
of controls by governmental authorities might also limit such
forward (and futures)
trading to less than that which the Investment Adviser would
otherwise recommend, to the possible detriment of the Trust. Market
illiquidity or disruption could result in major losses to the
Trust. In addition, the Trust will be exposed to credit risks with
regard to counterparties with which it trades as well as risks
relating to settlement default. Such risks could result in
substantial losses to the Trust.
Equity Swaps
The Trust may enter into equity swap contracts to invest in a
market without owning or taking physical custody of securities in
various circumstances, including circumstances where direct
investment in the securities is restricted for legal reasons or is
otherwise impracticable. Equity swaps may also be used for hedging
purposes or to seek to increase total return. The counterparty to
an equity swap contract will typically be a bank, investment
banking firm or broker/dealer. Equity swap contracts may be
structured in different ways. For example, a counterparty may agree
to pay the Trust the amount, if any, by which the notional amount
of the equity swap contract would have increased in value had it
been invested in particular stocks (or an index of stocks), plus
the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. In
these cases, the Trust may agree to pay to the counterparty a
floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the equity swap
contract plus the amount, if any, by which that notional amount
would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks.
Therefore, the return to the Trust on the equity swap contract
should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on
the stocks less the interest paid by the Trust on the notional
amount. In other cases, the counterparty and the Trust may each
agree to pay the other the difference between the relative
investment performances that would have been achieved if the
notional amount of the equity swap contract had been invested in
different stocks (or indices of stocks).
The Trust will generally enter into equity swaps on a net basis,
which means that the two payment streams are netted out, with the
Trust receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount
of the two payments.
Payments may be made at the conclusion of an equity swap contract
or periodically during its term. Equity swaps normally do not
involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets.
Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to equity swaps is
normally limited to the net amount of payments that the Trust is
contractually obligated to make. If the other party to an equity
swap defaults, the Trust’s risk of loss consists of the net amount
of payments that the Trust is contractually entitled to receive, if
any. Inasmuch as these transactions are entered into for hedging
purposes or are offset by segregated cash or liquid assets to cover
the Trust’s exposure, the Trust and the Investment Adviser believe
that such transactions do not constitute senior securities under
the Investment Company Act and, accordingly, will not treat them as
being subject to the Trust’s borrowing restrictions under the
Investment Company Act but will count them against the Trust’s
overall leverage limit.
The Trust will not enter into swap transactions unless the
unsecured commercial paper, senior debt or claims paying ability of
the other party thereto is considered to be investment grade by the
Investment Adviser. The Trust’s ability to enter into certain swap
transactions may be limited by tax considerations.
Index Swaps, Interest Rate Swaps, Credit Swaps, Total
Return Swaps, Options on Swaps and Interest Rate Caps, Floors and
Collars
The Trust may enter into index, interest rate, credit and total
return swaps for both hedging purposes and to seek to increase
total return. As examples, the Trust may enter into swap
transactions for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a
particular return or spread at a lower cost than obtaining a return
or spread through purchases and/or sales of instruments in other
markets, as a duration management technique, to protect against any
increase in the price of securities the Trust anticipates
purchasing at a later date, or to gain exposure to certain markets
in an economical way. The Trust may also enter into interest rate
caps, floors and collars. The Trust may also purchase and write
(sell) options contracts on swaps, commonly referred to as
swaptions.
In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the
returns, differentials in rates of return or some other amount
earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or
instruments, which may be adjusted for an interest factor. The
gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are
generally calculated with respect to a “notional amount,”
i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular
dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a
particular security, or in a “basket” of securities representing a
particular index. Bilateral swap agreements are two party contracts
entered into primarily by institutional investors. Cleared swaps
are transacted through futures commission merchants (“FCMs”) that
are members of central clearinghouses with the clearinghouse
serving as a central counterparty similar to transactions in
futures contracts. The Trust posts initial and variation margin by
making payments to its clearing member FCMs.
Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Trust with another
party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest,
such as an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate
payments. Index swaps involve the exchange by the Trust with
another party of the respective amounts payable with respect to a
notional principal amount at interest rates equal to two specified
indices. Credit swaps involve the exchange of a floating or fixed
rate payment in return for assuming potential credit losses of an
underlying security, or pool of securities. Credit swaps involve
the exchange of a floating or fixed rate payment in return for
assuming potential credit losses of an underlying security, or pool
of securities. Total return swaps are contracts that obligate a
party to pay or receive interest in exchange for payment by the
other party of the total return generated by a security, a basket
of securities, an index or an index component.
A swaption is an option to enter into a swap agreement. Like other
types of options, the buyer of a swaption pays a non-refundable
premium for the option and obtains the right, but not the
obligation, to enter into an underlying swap or to modify the terms
of an existing swap on agreed-upon terms. The seller of a swaption,
in exchange for the premium, becomes obligated (if the option is
exercised) to enter into or modify an underlying swap on
agreed-upon terms, which generally entails a greater risk of loss
than the Trust incurs in buying a swaption. The purchase of an
interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a
specified index exceeds a predetermined interest rate, to receive
payment of interest on a notional principal amount from the party
selling such interest rate cap. The purchase of an interest rate
floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index
falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of
interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling the
interest rate floor. An interest rate collar is the combination of
a cap and a floor that preserves a certain return within a
predetermined range of interest rates.
A great deal of flexibility may be possible in the way swap
transactions are structured. However, generally the Trust will
enter into interest rate, total return, credit and index swaps on a
net basis, which means that the two payment streams are netted out,
with the Trust receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the
net amount of the two payments. Interest rate, total return, credit
and index swaps do not normally involve the delivery of securities,
other underlying assets or principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss
with respect to interest rate, total return, credit and index swaps
is normally limited to the net amount of interest payments that the
Trust is contractually obligated to make. If the other party to a
bilateral swap agreement defaults, the Trust’s risk of loss
consists of the net amount of interest payments that the Trust is
contractually entitled to receive.
A credit swap may have as reference obligations one or more
securities that may, or may not, be currently held by the Trust.
The protection “buyer” in a credit swap is generally obligated to
pay the protection “seller” an upfront or a periodic stream of
payments over the term of the swap provided that no credit event,
such as a default, on a reference obligation has occurred. If a
credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the
“par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an
equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference
entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to
deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled.
The Trust may be either the protection buyer or seller in the
transaction. If the Trust is a buyer and no credit event occurs,
the Trust may recover nothing if the swap is held through its
termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer
generally may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap
in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of
the reference entity whose value may have significantly decreased.
As a seller, the Trust generally receives an upfront payment or a
rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there
is no credit event. As the seller, the Trust would effectively add
leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net
assets, the Trust would be subject to investment exposure on the
notional amount of the swap.
If a credit event occurs, the value of any deliverable obligation
received by the Trust as seller, coupled with the upfront or
periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full
notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value
to the Trust.
To the extent that the Trust’s exposure in a transaction involving
a swap, a swaption or an interest rate floor, cap or collar is
covered by identifying on its books cash or liquid assets or is
covered by other means in accordance with Commission guidance, the
Trust and the Investment Adviser believe that the transactions do
not constitute senior securities under the Investment Company Act
and, accordingly, will not treat them as being subject to the
Trust’s borrowing restrictions under the Investment Company Act but
will count them against the Trust’s overall leverage limit.
The Trust will not enter into bilateral transactions involving
swaps, caps, floors or collars unless the unsecured commercial
paper, senior debt or claims paying ability of the other party
thereto (with respect to bilateral swap transactions) is considered
to be investment grade by the Investment Adviser. If there is a
default by the other party to such a transaction, the Trust will
have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the
transaction.
The use of swaps, swaptions and interest rate caps, floors and
collars is a highly specialized activity which creates effective
leverage and involves investment techniques and risks different
from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities
transactions. The use of
a swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset,
reference rate, or index but also of the swap itself, without the
benefit of observing the performance of the swap under all possible
market conditions. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its
forecasts of market values, credit quality and interest rates, or
in its evaluation of the creditworthiness of swap counterparties
(with respect to bilateral swap transactions) and the issuers of
the underlying assets, the investment performance of the Trust
would be less favorable than it would have been if these investment
techniques were not used.
Currently, certain standardized swap transactions are subject to
mandatory central clearing. Although central clearing is expected
to decrease counterparty risk and increase liquidity compared to
bilaterally negotiated swaps, central clearing does not eliminate
counterparty risk or illiquidity risk entirely.
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions
The Trust may purchase securities on a “when issued” basis or a
“delayed delivery” basis. “When-issued” securities are securities
whose terms are available and for which a market exists, but which
are not available for immediate delivery. “Delayed delivery”
transactions are those in which the Trust purchases a security but
settlement of the transaction is to occur after the customary
settlement date. The Trust will enter into such transactions for
the purpose of acquiring securities that it wishes to purchase but
that are not currently available for purchase. The Trust may
dispose of a commitment to purchase prior to settlement. However,
the Trust does not intend to make such purchases for speculative
purposes. When such transactions are negotiated, the purchase price
is fixed at the time the commitment is made, but delivery and
payment for the securities take place at a later date. During the
period between commitment and settlement, no payment is made for
the securities purchased, and no interest or dividends accrue to
the Trust. However, the securities are subject to market
fluctuation, and the value at settlement may be less than the
purchase price. While awaiting settlement, the Trust will maintain
with its custodian a segregated account consisting of liquid
securities, which may include cash, obligations of the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities (“U.S. Government
Securities”), debt obligations or equity securities having a value
at least equal to its purchase commitments. The commitment to
purchase a security for which payment will be made on a future date
may be deemed a separate security and involves a risk of loss if
the security declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is
in addition to the risk of decline of the Trust’s other assets.
Repurchase Agreements
A repurchase agreement is an agreement under which the Trust
acquires a security subject to the obligation of the seller to
repurchase and the Trust to resell such security at a fixed time
and price (representing the Trust’s cost and interest). It is the
Trust’s present intention to enter into repurchase agreements for a
relatively short period (usually not more than one week) only with
commercial banks and registered broker-dealers and only with
respect to U.S. Government Securities and money market instruments.
Repurchase agreements may also be viewed as loans made by the
Trust, which are collateralized by the securities subject to
repurchase. The Trust intends to take possession of collateral, and
the Investment Adviser will monitor repurchase transactions to
ensure that the value of the underlying securities will at all
times be at least equal to the total amount of the repurchase
obligation, including the interest factor. If the seller defaults
the Trust could realize a loss on the sale of the underlying
security to the extent that the proceeds of sale, including accrued
interest, are less than the resale price provided in the agreement,
including interest. In addition, if the seller should be involved
in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, the Trust may incur delay
and costs in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss
of principal and interest if the Trust is treated as an unsecured
creditor and required to return the underlying collateral to the
seller.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held
by the Trust with an agreement by the Trust to repurchase the
securities at an agreed upon price, date and interest payment. At
the time the Trust enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it
may establish and maintain a segregated account with the custodian
containing cash and/or liquid assets having a value not less than
the repurchase price (including accrued interest). If the Trust
establishes and maintains such a segregated account, a reverse
repurchase agreement will not be considered a borrowing by the
Trust; however, under certain circumstances in which the Trust does
not establish and maintain such a segregated account, such reverse
repurchase agreement will be considered a borrowing for the purpose
of the Trust’s limitation on borrowings. Reverse repurchase
agreements create effective leverage. If the securities held by the
Trust decline in value while these transactions are outstanding,
the NAY of the Trust’s outstanding shares will decline in value by
proportionately more than the decline in value of the securities.
In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that
the investment return earned by the Trust (from the investment of
the proceeds) will be less than the interest expense of the
transaction, that the market value of the securities sold by the
Trust will decline below the price the Trust is obligated to pay to
repurchase the securities, and that the securities may not be
returned to the Trust.
The Trust may “set aside” liquid assets, or engage in other
appropriate measures to “cover” its obligations with respect to its
transactions in reverse repurchase agreements. As a result of such
segregation, the Trust’s obligations under such transactions will
not be considered senior securities representing indebtedness for
purposes of the Investment Company Act, and the Trust’s use of
leverage through reverse repurchase agreements will not be limited
by the Investment Company Act, although it will be limited by the
Trust’s overall limitation on leverage as described in the
Prospectus. However, the Trust’s use of leverage through reverse
repurchase agreements will be considered to be financial leverage
for purposes of determining compliance with the Trust’s maximum
overall leverage levels approved by the Board. The Trust’s use of
leverage through reverse repurchase agreements may be further
limited by the availability of cash or liquid securities to earmark
or segregate in connection with such transactions.
If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement
files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its
trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine
whether to enforce the Trust’s obligation to repurchase the
securities, and the Trust’s use of the proceeds of the reverse
repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such
decision. Also, the Trust would bear the risk of loss to the extent
that the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement are less than
the value of the securities subject to such agreement.
With respect to any reverse repurchase agreement or similar
transaction, the Trust’s Managed Assets shall include any proceeds
from the sale of an asset of the Trust to a counterparty in such a
transaction, in addition to the value of the underlying asset as of
the relevant measuring date.
Short Sales
The Trust may engage in short sales and short sales against the box
in an amount not to exceed 5% of Managed Assets. Short sales are
transactions in which the Trust sells a security it does not own in
anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To
complete such a transaction, the Trust must borrow the security to
make delivery to the buyer. The Trust then is obligated to replace
the security borrowed by purchasing it at the market price at the
time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less
than the price at which the security was sold by the Trust. Until
the security is replaced, the Trust is required to pay to the
lender amounts equal to any dividend which accrues during the
period of the loan. To borrow the security, the Trust also may be
required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the
security sold. There will also be other costs associated with short
sales, which will be borne solely by the Trust’s common
Shareholders.
The Trust will incur a loss, which may be unlimited, as a result of
the short sale if the price of the security increases between the
date of the short sale and the date on which the Trust replaces the
borrowed security. The Trust will realize a gain if the security
declines in price between those dates. This result is the opposite
of what one would expect from a cash purchase of a long position in
a security. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the
amount of any loss increased, by the amount of any premium or
amounts in lieu of interest the Trust may be required to pay in
connection with a short sale, and will be also decreased by any
transaction or other costs.
Until the Trust replaces a borrowed security in connection with a
short sale, the Trust will (a) segregate cash or liquid assets
at such a level that the segregated assets plus any amount
deposited with the broker as collateral will equal the current
value of the security sold short or (b) otherwise cover its
short position in accordance with applicable law.
There is no guarantee that the Trust will be able to close out a
short position at any particular time or at an acceptable price.
During the time that the Trust is short a security, it is subject
to the risk that the lender of the security will terminate the loan
at a time when the Trust is unable to borrow the same security from
another lender. If that occurs, the Trust may be “bought in” at the
price required to purchase the security needed to close out the
short position, which may be a disadvantageous price.
The Trust may engage in short sales against the box. As noted
above, a short sale is made by selling a security the seller does
not own. A short sale is “against the box” to the extent that the
seller contemporaneously owns or has the right to obtain, at no
added cost, securities identical to those sold short. The Trust may
enter into a short sale against the box, for example, to lock in a
sales price for a security the Trust does not wish to sell
immediately. If the Trust sells securities short against the box,
it may protect itself from loss if the price of the securities
declines in the future, but will lose the opportunity to profit on
such securities if the price rises. If the Trust effects a short
sale of securities at a time when it has an unrealized gain on the
securities, it may be required to recognize that gain as if it had
actually sold the securities (as a “constructive sale”) on the date
it effects the short sale. However, such constructive sale
treatment may not apply if the Trust closes out the short sale with
securities other than the appreciated securities held at the time
of the short sale and if certain other conditions are satisfied.
Uncertainty regarding the tax consequences of effecting short sales
may limit the extent to which the Trust may effect short sales.
Preferred Stock, Warrants and Stock Purchase Rights
The Trust may invest in preferred stock, warrants and stock
purchase rights (or “rights”). Preferred stocks are securities that
represent an ownership interest providing the holder with claims on
the issuer’s earnings and assets before common stock owners but
after creditors and other debt holders. Unlike debt securities, the
obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and
other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the
holders of such preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of
default (such as a covenant default or filing of a bankruptcy
petition) or other non-compliance by the issuer with the terms of
the preferred stock. Often, however, on the occurrence of any such
event of default or non-compliance by the issuer, preferred
shareholders will be entitled to gain representation on the
issuer’s board of directors or increase their existing board
representation. In addition, preferred shareholders may be granted
voting rights with respect to certain issues on the occurrence of
any event of default.
Warrants and other rights are securities/contracts that are similar
to options but with different terms that entitle the holder to buy
equity securities at a specific price for a specific period of
time. The Trust will invest in warrants and rights only if such
equity securities are deemed appropriate by the Investment Adviser
for investment by the Trust. Warrants and rights have no voting
rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the
assets of the issuer.
Exchange-Traded Notes (“ETNs”)
ETNs are a type of senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt security
issued by financial institutions that combines both aspects of
bonds and ETFs. An ETN’s returns are based on the performance of a
market index minus fees and expenses. Similar to ETFs, ETNs are
listed on an exchange and traded in the secondary market. However,
unlike an ETF, an ETN can be held until the ETN’s maturity, at
which time the issuer will pay a return linked to the performance
of the market index to which the ETN is linked minus certain fees.
Unlike regular bonds, ETNs do not make periodic interest payments
and principal is not protected. ETNs are subject to credit risk and
the value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s
credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy
remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by
time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN,
volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in
the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit
rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that
affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Trust invests in
ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses
borne by the ETN. The Trust’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may
be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition,
although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be
required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that
a secondary market will exist for an ETN.
Unseasoned Companies
The Trust may invest in companies (including predecessors) which
have operated less than three years. The securities of such
companies may have limited liquidity, which can result in their
being priced higher or lower than might otherwise be the case. In
addition, investments in unseasoned companies are more speculative
and entail greater risk than do investments in companies with a
longer and more established operating history.
U.S. Government Securities
The Trust may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government or its agencies or instrumentalities. Although U.S.
Government securities issued directly by the U.S. Government are
guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, other U.S. Government securities
issued by an agency or instrumentality of the U.S. Government may
not be. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would
provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if
not required to do so by law.
Custodial Receipts and Trust Certificates
The Trust may invest in custodial receipts and trust certificates,
which may be underwritten by securities dealers or banks,
representing interests in securities held by a custodian or
trustee. The securities so held may include U.S. Government
Securities, municipal securities or other types of securities in
which the Trust may invest. The custodial receipts or trust
certificates are underwritten by securities dealers or banks and
may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal
payments or both on the underlying securities, or, in some cases,
the payment obligation of a third party that has entered into an
interest rate swap or other arrangement with the custodian or
trustee. For purposes of certain securities laws, custodial
receipts and trust certificates may not be considered obligations
of the U.S. government or other issuer of the securities held by
the custodian or trustee. As a holder of
custodial receipts and trust certificates, the Trust will bear its
proportionate share of the fees and expenses charged to the
custodial account or trust. The Trust may also invest in separately
issued interests in custodial receipts and trust certificates.
Although under the terms of a custodial receipt or trust
certificate the Trust would typically be authorized to assert its
rights directly against the issuer of the underlying obligation,
the Trust could be required to assert through the custodian bank or
trustee those rights as may exist against the underlying issuers.
Thus, in the event an underlying issuer fails to pay principal
and/or interest when due, the Trust may be subject to delays,
expenses and risks that are greater than those that would have been
involved if the Trust had purchased a direct obligation of the
issuer. In addition, in the event that the trust or custodial
account in which the underlying securities have been deposited is
determined to be an association taxable as a corporation, instead
of a non-taxable entity, the yield on the underlying securities
would be reduced in recognition of any taxes paid.
Certain custodial receipts and trust certificates may be synthetic
or derivative instruments that have interest rates that reset
inversely to changing short-term rates and/or have embedded
interest rate floors and caps that require the issuer to pay an
adjusted interest rate if market rates fall below or rise above a
specified rate. Because some of these instruments represent
relatively recent innovations, and the trading market for these
instruments is less developed than the markets for traditional
types of instruments, it is uncertain how these instruments will
perform under different economic and interest-rate scenarios. Also,
because these instruments may be leveraged, their market values may
be more volatile than other types of fixed income instruments and
may present greater potential for capital gain or loss. The
possibility of default by an issuer or the issuer’s credit provider
may be greater for these derivative instruments than for other
types of instruments. In some cases, it may be difficult to
determine the fair value of a derivative instrument because of a
lack of reliable objective information and an established secondary
market for some instruments may not exist. In many cases, the
Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) has not ruled on the tax
treatment of the interest or payments received on the derivative
instruments and, accordingly, purchases of such instruments are
based on the opinion of counsel to the sponsors of the
instruments.
Non-Investment Grade Securities
The Trust may invest up to 20% of its Managed Assets in
non-convertible bonds rated BB+ or below by S&P, Ba1 or below
by Moody’s, or BB+ by Fitch or comparable rated and unrated
securities. The Trust may invest up to 15% of its Managed Assets in
non-convertible debt securities that are, at the time of
investment, rated Caa1 or lower by Moody’s and CCC+ or lower by
S&P or Fitch, or comparably rated by another nationally
recognized statistical rating organization, or, if unrated,
determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit
quality. Such securities are subject to a very high credit risk.
These bonds are commonly referred to as “junk bonds” and are
considered speculative. The ability of issuers of non-investment
grade securities to make principal and interest payments may be
questionable because such issuers are often less creditworthy or
are highly leveraged and generally less able than more established
or less leveraged entities to make scheduled payments of principal
and interest. Non-investment grade securities are also issued by
governmental issuers that may have difficulty in making all
scheduled interest and principal payments. In some cases,
non-investment grade securities may be highly speculative, have
poor prospects for reaching investment grade standing and be in
default. As a result, investment in such bonds will entail greater
risks than those associated with investment in investment grade
bonds (i.e., bonds rated AAA, AA, A or BBB by
Standard & Poor’s, Aaa, Aa, A or Baa by Moody’s, or AAA,
AA, A, or BBB by Fitch). Analysis of the creditworthiness of
issuers of non-investment grade securities may be more complex than
for issuers of higher quality debt securities, and the ability of
the Trust to achieve its investment objective may, to the extent of
its investments in non-investment grade securities, be more
dependent upon such creditworthiness analysis than would be the
case if the Trust were investing in higher quality securities.
The market values of non-investment grade securities tend to
reflect individual corporate or municipal developments to a greater
extent than do those of higher rated securities, which react
primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates.
Issuers of non-investment grade securities that are highly
leveraged may not be able to make use of more traditional methods
of financing. Their ability to service debt obligations may be more
adversely affected by economic downturns or their inability to meet
specific projected business forecasts than would be the case for
issuers of high-rated securities. Negative publicity about the junk
bond market and investor perceptions regarding lower-rated
securities, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may
depress the prices for non-investment grade securities. In the
lower quality segments of the fixed income securities market,
changes in perceptions of issuers’ creditworthiness tend to occur
more frequently and in a more pronounced manner than do changes in
higher quality segments of the fixed income securities market,
resulting in greater yield and price volatility. Another factor
which causes fluctuations in the prices of non-investment grade
securities is the supply and demand for similarly rated securities.
In addition, the prices of investments fluctuate in response to the
general level of interest rates.
Fluctuations in the prices of portfolio securities subsequent to
their acquisition will not affect cash income from such securities
but will be reflected in the Trust’s NAY.
The risk of loss from default for the holders of non-investment
grade securities is significantly greater than is the case for
holders of other debt securities because non-investment grade
securities are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to
the rights of other creditors of the issuers of such securities.
Investment by the Trust in already defaulted securities poses an
additional risk of loss should nonpayment of principal and interest
continue in respect of such securities. Even if such securities are
held to maturity, recovery by the Trust of its initial investment
and any anticipated income or appreciation is uncertain. In
addition, the Trust may incur additional expenses to the extent
that it is required to seek recovery relating to the default in the
payment of principal or interest on such securities or otherwise
protect its interests. The Trust may be required to liquidate other
portfolio securities to satisfy annual distribution obligations of
the Trust in respect of accrued interest income on securities which
are subsequently written off, even though the Trust has not
received any cash payments of such interest.
The secondary market for non-investment grade securities is
concentrated in relatively few markets and is dominated by
institutional investors, including mutual funds, insurance
companies and other financial institutions. Accordingly, the
secondary market for such securities may not be as liquid as and
may be more volatile than the secondary market for higher-rated
securities. In addition, the trading volume for non-investment
grade securities is generally lower than that of higher rated
securities. The secondary market for non-investment grade
securities could contract under adverse market or economic
conditions independent of any specific adverse changes in the
condition of a particular issuer. These factors may have an adverse
effect on the ability of the Trust to dispose of particular
portfolio investments when needed to meet redemption requests or
other liquidity needs. The Investment Adviser could find it
difficult to sell these investments or may be able to sell the
investments only at prices lower than if such investments were
widely traded. Prices realized upon the sale of such lower rated or
unrated securities, under these circumstances, may be less than the
prices used in calculating the NAY of the Trust. A less liquid
secondary market also may make it more difficult for the Trust to
obtain precise valuations of the non-investment grade securities in
its portfolio.
The adoption of new legislation could adversely affect the
secondary market for non-investment grade securities and the
financial condition of issuers of these securities. The form of any
future legislation, and the probability of such legislation being
enacted, is uncertain.
Non-investment grade securities also present risks based on payment
expectations. Non-investment grade securities frequently contain
“call” or buy-back features which permit the issuer to call or
repurchase the security from its holder. If an issuer exercises
such a “call option” and redeems the security, the Trust may have
to replace such security with a lower-yielding security, resulting
in a decreased return for investors. In addition, if the Trust
experiences net redemptions of its shares, it may be forced to sell
its higher-rated securities, resulting in a decline in the overall
credit quality of its portfolio and increasing its exposure to the
risks of non-investment grade securities.
Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies are designed to
evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated
securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market value risk of
non-investment grade securities and, therefore, may not fully
reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating
agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect
changes in the economy or in the conditions of the issuer that
affect the market value of the security. Consequently, credit
ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment
quality. Investments in non-investment grade and comparable unrated
obligations will be more dependent on the Investment Adviser’s
credit analysis than would be the case with investments in
investment-grade debt obligations. The Investment Adviser employs
its own credit research and analysis, which includes a study of an
issuer’s existing debt, capital structure, ability to service debt
and to pay dividends, sensitivity to economic conditions, operating
history and current earnings trend. The Investment Adviser
continually monitors the investments in the Trust’s portfolio and
evaluates whether to dispose of or to retain non-investment grade
and comparable unrated securities whose credit ratings or credit
quality may have changed. If after its purchase, a portfolio
security is assigned a lower rating or ceases to be rated, the
Trust may continue to hold the security if the Investment Adviser
believes it is in the best interest of the Trust and its
Shareholders.
An economic downturn could severely affect the ability of highly
leveraged issuers of junk bond investments to service their debt
obligations or to repay their obligations upon maturity. Factors
having an adverse impact on the market value of junk bonds will
have an adverse effect on the Trust’s NAV to the extent it invests
in such investments. In addition, the Trust may incur additional
expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a
default in payment of principal or interest on its portfolio
holdings.
Loans of Portfolio Securities
The Trust may lend its portfolio securities, subject to the
limitation that the Trust will not lend a security if, as a result
of such loan, all securities then subject to loans would exceed 30%
of the Trust’s Managed Assets. Under applicable regulatory
requirements (which are subject to change), the loan collateral
must, on each business day, be at least equal to the value of the
loaned securities and must consist of cash, bank letters of credit
or U.S. Government Securities. To be acceptable as collateral,
letters of credit must obligate a bank to pay amounts demanded by
the Trust if the demand meets the terms of the letter. Such terms
and the issuing bank must be satisfactory to the Trust. When the
Trust lends a security, it is entitled to receive substitute
payments in the amount of any dividends or interest on the loaned
security and also receive one or more of: (1) a negotiated
loan fee; (2) interest on securities used as collateral for
the loan; or (3) interest on short-term debt securities
purchased with the loan collateral. Either type of interest may be
shared with the borrower of the security. The Trust may also pay
reasonable finder’s, custodian and administrative fees. The terms
of the Trust’s loans of securities must meet certain requirements
under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”),
such as providing that the Trust may terminate the loan upon no
more than five days’ notice, and must permit the Trust to reacquire
loaned securities in time to vote on any important matter. The
Trust will make such loans only to banks and dealers with which it
may enter into repurchase agreements. If the borrower fails to
return the loaned security, the Trust’s risks include: (1) any
costs in disposing of the collateral; (2) loss from a decline
in value of the collateral to an amount less than 100% of the
securities loaned; (3) being unable to exercise its voting or
consent rights with respect to the security; (4) any loss
arising from a delay in the Trust’s ability to recover such
securities in a timely manner; (5) the inability of the Trust
to reacquire the loaned securities; and (6) counterparty
risk.
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
The Trust has adopted certain fundamental restrictions, which may
not be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a
majority of the Trust’s outstanding Shares. As used in this SAI, a
“majority of the Trust’s outstanding Shares” means the lesser of
(1) 67% of the Shares represented at a meeting at which more
than 50% of the outstanding Shares are represented or (2) more
than 50% of the outstanding Shares. For purposes of the following
limitations (except for the asset coverage requirement with respect
to borrowings), all percentage limitations apply immediately after
a purchase and any subsequent change in any applicable percentage
resulting from market conditions does not require any action. With
respect to the limitations on the issuance of senior securities and
in the case of borrowings, the percentage limitations apply at the
time of issuance and on an ongoing basis. The Trust may not:
|
1. |
Invest 25% or more of its Managed Assets in the securities of
one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities
in the same industry (excluding the U.S. Government or any of its
agencies or instrumentalities); except that the Trust will invest
more than 25% of its Managed Assets in companies conducting their
principal business in healthcare industries. |
|
2. |
Purchase or sell commodities or commodities contracts. The
prohibition on the purchase or sale of commodities applies to the
purchase or sale of “physical” commodities; the Trust may invest in
currency and financial instruments and contracts in accordance with
its investment objective and policies, including, without
limitation, structured notes, futures contracts, swaps, options on
commodities, currencies, swaps and futures, ETFs, ETNs, investment
pools and other instruments, regardless of whether such instrument
is considered to be a commodity. |
|
3. |
Purchase or sell real estate; although the Trust may purchase
and sell securities or instruments that are secured by real estate
or interests therein or that reflect the return of an index of real
estate values, securities of real estate investment trusts and
mortgage-related securities, and may hold and sell real estate
acquired by the Trust as a result of the ownership of
securities. |
|
4. |
Underwrite securities of other issuers, except to the extent
that, in connection with the disposition of its portfolio
securities, the Trust may be deemed an underwriter under federal or
state securities law. See “Portfolio Transactions and
Brokerage.” |
|
5. |
Issue senior securities to the extent such issuance would
violate applicable law. |
|
6. |
Borrow money, except as permitted by the Investment Company
Act, or interpretations or modifications by the Commission,
Commission staff or other authority with appropriate
jurisdiction. |
|
7. |
Mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as
security for indebtedness, any securities owned or held by the
Trust, except as may be necessary in connection with permitted
borrowings under 6 above. |
|
8. |
Make loans of money, except (a) by the purchase of debt
obligations in which the Trust may invest consistent with its
investment objective and policies, or (b) as may otherwise be
permitted by the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time, the rules and regulation promulgated by the Commission
under the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to time, or
an exemption or other relief applicable to the Trust from the
provisions of the Investment Company Act, as amended from time to
time. The Trust reserves the authority to enter into repurchase
agreements, reverse repurchase agreements and to make loans of its
portfolio securities to qualified institutional investors, brokers,
dealers, banks or other financial institutions, so long as the
terms of the loans are not inconsistent with the requirements of
the Investment Company Act. |
In addition, the Trust has adopted the following investment
policies, which may be changed by the action of the Board of
Trustees (the “Board”) without Shareholder approval:
|
1. |
The Trust, under normal circumstances, will have at least 80%
of its Managed Assets invested in Healthcare Companies. This
investment policy may only be changed with 60 days’ prior notice to
Shareholders. |
|
2. |
The Trust may invest up to 10% of the Trust’s Managed Assets in
Restricted Securities. |
Except as otherwise noted, all percentage limitations set forth
above apply immediately after a purchase and a subsequent change in
the applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations does
not require elimination of any security from the portfolio. Other
than the restrictions identified above as fundamental, the Trust’s
investment objective, policies and restrictions may be changed
without Shareholder approval.
TRUSTEES AND
OFFICERS
Overall responsibility for general oversight of the Trust rests
with the Board. The Board is comprised of seven individuals, six of
whom are not “interested persons” of the Trust (as that term is
defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act)
(“Independent Trustee”). The Chairman of the Board is an
Independent Trustee. The Chairman presides at meetings of the
Trustees, participates in the preparation of the agenda for
meetings of the Board, and acts as a liaison between the
Independent Trustees and the Trust’s management between Board
meetings. Except for any duties specified herein, the designation
as Chairman does not impose any obligations or standards greater
than or different from other Trustees.
The Board holds regular quarterly meetings each year to consider
and address matters involving the Trust. The Board also may hold
special meetings to address matters arising between regular
meetings. The Independent Trustees also meet outside the presence
of management in executive session at least quarterly and have
engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing
their oversight responsibilities.
The Board has established Audit, Governance and Nominating,
Valuation and Qualified Legal Compliance Committees to assist the
Board in the oversight of the management and affairs of the Trust.
All of the members of these Committees are Independent Trustees,
except for Dr. Omstead, who serves on the Valuation Committee.
From time to time the Board may establish additional committees or
informal working groups to deal with specific matters.
The Trust is subject to a number of risks including investment,
compliance, operational and valuation risks. Although the
Investment Adviser and the officers of the Trust are responsible
for managing these risks on a day-to-day basis, the Board has
adopted, and periodically reviews, policies and procedures designed
to address these risks. As part of its regular oversight of the
Trust, the Board, directly or through a Committee, interacts with
the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer, the Trust’s independent
public accounting firm, and legal counsel to the Trust. These
interactions include discussing the Trust’s risk management and
controls with the independent registered public accounting firm
engaged by the Trust, reviewing valuation policies and procedures
and the valuations of specific restricted securities, and receiving
periodic reports from the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer
regarding compliance matters relating to the Trust and its major
service providers, including results of the implementation and
testing of the Trust’s and such providers’ compliance programs. The
Board’s oversight function is facilitated by management reporting
processes designed to provide information to the Board regarding
the identification, assessment, and management of critical risks
and the controls and policies and procedures used to mitigate those
risks. The Board reviews its role in supervising the Trust’s risk
management from time to time and may change the manner in which it
fulfills its oversight responsibilities at its discretion at any
time.
The Board has determined that its leadership structure is
appropriate for the Trust because it enables the Board to exercise
informed and independent judgment over matters under its purview,
allocates responsibility among committees in a manner that fosters
effective oversight and allows the Board to devote appropriate
resources to specific issues in a flexible manner as they arise.
The Board periodically reviews its leadership structure as well as
its overall structure, composition, and functioning, and may make
changes at its discretion at any time.
The Trust’s Declaration of Trust provides that the Trust will
indemnify Trustees and officers and may indemnify employees and
agents of the Trust against liabilities and expenses incurred in
connection with claims or litigation in which they may be involved
because of their offices with the Trust. However, nothing in the
Declaration of Trust or the By-laws of the Trust protects or
indemnifies a Trustee, officer, employee or agent against any
liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason
of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her
office.
The names of the Trustees and officers of the Trust, their
addresses, ages and principal occupations during the past five
years, and, in the case of the Trustees, their positions with
certain other organizations and publicly-held companies, are
provided in the tables below. Trustees that are deemed “interested
persons” (as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the
Investment Company Act) of the Trust or the Investment Adviser are
included in the table titled “Interested Trustees.” Trustees who
are not interested persons as described above are referred to as
Independent Trustees. The Trust and Tekla Healthcare Investors
(“HQH”), Tekla Life Sciences Investors (“HQL”), and Tekla
Healthcare Opportunities Fund (“THQ”), other closed-end investment
companies advised by the Investment Adviser, are the only four
portfolios in the “Fund Complex.” Each Trustee also serves as a
trustee for HQL, HQH and THQ.
Trustees
NAMES, ADDRESSES(1) AND
DATES OF BIRTH
|
|
POSITION WITH THE
TRUST, TERM OF
OFFICE(2) AND LENGTH
OF TIME SERVED
|
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) AND OTHER
DIRECTORSHS HELD DURING PAST 5 YEARS
|
|
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS IN
TRUST
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN BY
TRUSTEE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey A. Bailey
4/1962 |
|
Trustee since 2020
Chairman since 2022
|
|
CEO, IlluminOss Inc. (2018-2020); Vice President, Janssen
Pharmaceutica (Johnson & Johnson) (1984-2006); Board
Chairperson, Aileron Therapeutics Inc. (since 2018); Director,
Madison Vaccines, Inc. (since 2018); Director and CEO,
BioDelivery Systems, Inc. (2020-2022). |
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kathleen L. Goetz
4/1966
|
|
Trustee since 2021 |
|
Independent Consultant (Since 2020); Vice President and Head of
Sales, Novartis Pharmaceuticals (2017-2019); Executive Director of
Strategic Account Management, Novartis Pharmaceuticals
(2015-2016). |
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rakesh K. Jain, Ph.D.
12/1950 |
|
Trustee since 2015 |
|
Director, Steele Lab of Tumor Biology at Massachusetts General
Hospital (since 1991); A.W. Cook Professor of Tumor Biology
(Radiation Oncology) at Harvard Medical School (since 1991); Ad hoc
Consultant/Scientific Advisory Board Member for
pharmaceutical/biotech companies (various times since 2002); Ad hoc
Consultant, Gershon Lehman Group (since 2004); Director,
Co-Founder, XTuit Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2012-2018). |
|
4 |
Thomas M. Kent, CPA
6/1953 |
|
Trustee since 2017 |
|
Director, Principal Global Investors Trust
Co. (since 2014); Trustee, Thayer Academy (2009-2018); Director,
New England Canada Business Council (since 2017). |
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Mark Watson, CPA
7/1950
|
|
Trustee since 2022 |
|
Director, BioDelivery Sciences International, Inc.
(2017-2022); Director, Inhibitor Therapeutics, Inc.
(since 2014); Director, Global Health MCS, (since 2014); Director,
Sykes Enterprises, Inc. (2018-2021); Director, The Moffitt
Cancer Center (since 2009). |
|
4 |
NAMES, ADDRESSES(1) AND
DATES OF BIRTH
|
|
POSITION WITH THE
TRUST, TERM OF
OFFICE(2) AND LENGTH
OF TIME SERVED
|
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) DURING PAST 5
YEARS AND OTHER DIRECTORSHIPS HELD
|
|
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS IN
TRUST
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN BY
TRUSTEE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERESTED TRUSTEES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Daniel R. Omstead,
Ph.D.(3)
7/1953
|
|
President since 2015
Trustee since 2015
|
|
President of the Fund (since 2015), Tekla Healthcare Investors
(HQH) (since 2001), Tekla Life Sciences Investors (HQL) (since
2001), Tekla Healthcare Opportunities Fund (THQ) (since 2014);
President, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Member of Tekla
Capital Management LLC (since 2002); Director: Palyon Medical
Corporation (2009-2015); Tibion Corporation (2011-2013); Celladon
Corporation (2012-2014); IlluminOss Medical, Inc. (2011-2020);
Magellan Diagnostics, Inc.(2006-2016); Dynex Corporation
(2011-2017); Insightra Medical, Inc. (2015-2016);
Neurovance, Inc. (2015-2017); EBI Life Sciences, Inc.
(2015-2017); Euthymics Biosciences, Inc. (2015-2017);
Veniti, Inc. (2015-2018);Joslin Diabetes Center (2016-2019);
Decipher Biosciences, Inc. (2016-2018). |
|
4 |
|
(1) |
The address for each Trustee is: c/o Tekla World Healthcare,
100 Federal Street, 19th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts,
02110, 617-7728500. |
|
(2) |
Each Trustee currently is serving a three year term. |
|
(3) |
Trustee considered to be an “interested person” within the
meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940 through his position
or affiliation with the Investment Adviser. |
The Board believes that each Trustee’s experience, qualifications,
attributes and skills on an individual basis and in combination
with those of other Trustees lead to the conclusion that each
Trustee should serve in such capacity. Among the attributes or
skills common to all Trustees are their ability to review
critically and to evaluate, question and discuss information
provided to them, to interact effectively with the other Trustees,
the Trust’s Investment Adviser, the administrator and other service
providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting
firm, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment
in the performance of their duties as Trustees. Each Trustee’s
ability to perform the duties of a trustee effectively has been
attained and enhanced through the Trustee’s education, professional
training and other life experiences, such as business, consulting
or public service positions and through experience from service as
a member of this Trust’s Board and that of HQH, HQL and THW, public
companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations.
Jeffrey A. Bailey: Mr. Bailey is a seasoned operational
healthcare executive with over 30 years of leadership experience
within the healthcare industry. Mr. Bailey serves as Chairman
of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and also serves as Chairman
of the Trust’s
Valuation Committee and serves on the Trust’s Governance and
Nominating Committee. Mr. Bailey has extensive business
development and transactional expertise, with diverse leadership
experiences in commercial and supply chain management, finance,
business development and product development for various
pharmaceutical medical device companies. Most recently,
Mr. Bailey served as chief
executive officer and director of IlluminOss Medical, Inc., a
medical device company, from 2018 to 2020. From December 2015
until March 2017, Mr. Bailey served as chief executive
officer of Neurovance, Inc., a biotechnology company.
Previously, from January 2013 through June 2015,
Mr. Bailey served as president and chief executive officer and
as a director of Lantheus Medical Imaging, Inc., a public
medical diagnostic company. Prior to 2013, Mr. Bailey held
various leadership positions with several public and private
pharmaceutical and medical device companies, including president
and general manager at Novartis Pharmaceuticals, a multinational
pharmaceutical company, and a 22-year career with
Johnson & Johnson, multinational medical devices,
pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods manufacturing company.
Mr. Bailey also has extensive board member experience,
having previously served on boards of directors for eight
companies. Mr. Bailey currently serves as a director for
Aileron Therapeutics Inc. and Madison Vaccines, Inc.
Mr. Bailey holds a BA in business administration from Rutgers
University.
Kathleen Goetz: Ms. Goetz was Vice President Head of
Sales at Novartis Pharmaceuticals, a global healthcare company
until 2019. Ms. Goetz serves on the Audit Committee and
Valuation Committee of the Trust. Ms. Goetz brings over 30
years of healthcare business and leadership experience, including
experience working within a spectrum of diverse healthcare
stakeholders and ecosystems. She brings extensive knowledge of the
healthcare provider, a deep understanding of payor interests and
the needs of the patient. During her 28 years with Novartis,
Ms. Goetz held positions of increasing responsibility, leading
marketing, sales and reimbursement teams through various stages of
commercialization from pre-launch planning through to loss of
exclusivity across diverse therapeutic areas. Other key roles
during her time at Novartis also include National Executive
Director of Strategic Accounts, Integrated Market Planning and
Marketing Director, providing her with valuable experience leading
organizational transformation, resourcing, forecasting, and
analytics. Early in her career Ms. Goetz spent time working at
Centocor Biologics. She continues to act as a mentor to future
leaders and as a champion for diversity through her past work as an
Executive Leadership Development mentor and a former Novartis
Pharmaceuticals Women in Leadership Chair. Ms. Goetz has won
numerous healthcare and business leadership awards and recognition
throughout her career, including being recognized with the
Healthcare Women's Business Association Rising Star Award. She
continues to act as an independent consultant within the
pharmaceutical and biotech industry. Ms. Goetz holds a
Business Finance degree from Iowa State University.
Rakesh K. Jain, Ph.D.: Dr. Rakesh Jain is the A. W.
Cook Professor of Radiation Oncology (Tumor Biology) at Harvard
Medical School and the Director of the E. L. Steele Laboratories of
Tumor Biology at Massachusetts General Hospital, providing the
Trust with a valuable perspective on emerging life sciences
technologies. Dr. Jain is Chairperson of the Governance and
Nominating Committee of the Trust. Dr. Jain co-founded XTuit
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 2012, where he also served as a board
member until 2018. He serves as
Chairman of the Trust’s Governance and Nominating Committee.
Prior to joining Harvard, he was professor of chemical engineering
at Columbia University and Carnegie Mellon University.
Dr. Jain is regarded as a pioneer in the fields of tumor
biology, drug delivery, in vivo imaging and bioengineering.
Dr. Jain has authored more than 750 publications. He serves on
advisory panels to government, industry and academia, and has
served or continues to serve on editorial advisory boards of twenty
journals, including Journal of Clinical Oncology and Nature Reviews
Clinical Oncology. He has received more than 90 major awards and
lectureships, including the United States National Medal of
Science, a Guggenheim Fellowship, the Humboldt Senior Scientist
Award, the National Cancer Institute’s Research Career Development
Award and Outstanding Investigator Grant, the Academic Scientist of
the Year Award from the Pharmaceutical Achievements Awards, the
Distinguished Service Award from Nature Biotechnology and the
Innovator Award from the DoD Breast Cancer Program. He is a member
of all three branches of U.S. National Academies – the Institute of
Medicine, the National Academy of Engineering and the National
Academy of Sciences and is a member of both the National Academy of
Investors and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In
May 2016, Dr. Jain received the National Medal of Science
from President Obama at the White House.
Thomas M. Kent, CPA: Mr. Kent was a Partner at
PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP, where he served the Investment
Management Industry for over 30 years, 24 years as a Partner. In so
doing, he worked with and for more than 20 different and distinct
Investment Company Boards, and alongside several of those Boards’
service providers, including Advisors, Custodians, Accounting
Agents, Transfer Agents, Security Pricing Providers, Tax advisors
and others. His clients included both large and small fund groups,
with both open-end and closed-end fund structures. Therefore, he
provides Trust with deep expertise in audit, valuation, operational
and governance matters. He serves as Chairman of the Trust’s Audit
Committee and serves on the
Trust’s Governance and Nominating Committee. Mr. Kent also
serves as a Director of Principal Global Investors Trust Co., and a
Director of the New England Canada Business Council. Mr. Kent
is a member of the American Institute of CPA’s and the
Massachusetts Society of CPA’s where he serves on the Registered
Investment Company Committee. He received his AB cum laude from
Harvard College, where he majored in Economics and his MS in
Accountancy from the Stern School of Business at New York
University.
Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D.: Dr. Omstead is President and
Chief Executive Officer of Tekla Capital Management LLC, a
registered investment adviser that serves as investment adviser to
the Trust. Dr. Omstead is also President of the Trust and
serves on its Valuation Committee. Dr. Omstead is portfolio
manager for the public and restricted/venture portfolios within the
Trust. As part of these responsibilities, Dr. Omstead is a
member of the Board of Directors of a portfolio
company, IlluminOss Medical, Inc. Prior to joining the
Adviser, Dr. Omstead was President and CEO of
Reprogenesis, Inc., a private development stage biotech
company which developed therapies in the field of tissue
engineering and regenerative medicine. Before joining Reprogenesis,
Dr. Omstead was Senior Vice President, Research and
Development, at Cytotherapeutics, Inc, a public biotech
company. Prior to entering the biotech industry, Dr. Omstead
was employed for fourteen years in positions of increasing
responsibility within the pharmaceutical industry at Ortho
Pharmaceutical Corporation and at the R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical
Research Institute, both divisions of Johnson & Johnson,
and at Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, a division of
Merck & Co., Inc. Dr. Omstead provides the Trust
with insights into both pharmaceutical and biotech companies.
Dr. Omstead holds Ph.D. and Master’s Degrees in Chemical
Engineering and Applied Chemistry from Columbia University and a
B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from Lehigh University. He is an
emeritus member of the Board of Directors of a non-profit agency
that provides emergency shelter, housing and supportive services to
homeless and low-income individuals and families in the Boston
area. Dr. Omstead was also a member of the Board of Trustees
at the Joslin Diabetes Center.
W. Mark Watson, CPA: Mr. Watson is a Certified Public
Accountant with over 40 years of experience in public accounting
and auditing, having spent his entire career from January 1973
to June 2013 at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, the multinational
professional services network, and its predecessor, most recently
as Central Florida Marketplace Leader. Mr. Watson serves on
the Valuation Committee and the Audit Committee of the Trust.
Mr. Watson provides the Trust with a particular expertise in
the health and life sciences sector, having played a significant
role in the development of Deloitte's audit approach for health and
life sciences companies and leading its national healthcare
regulatory and compliance practice. He has served as lead audit
partner and advisory partner on the accounts of many public
companies ranging from middle market firms to Fortune 500
enterprises. Mr. Watson is a member of the American Institute
of Certified Public Accountants and the Florida Institute of
Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Watson is a member of the
Board of Directors of Inhibitor Therapeutics, Inc., Global
Health MCS and the Moffitt Cancer Center. He received his
undergraduate degree in Accounting from Marquette University.
Officers
NAME, ADDRESS(1) AND DATE
OF BIRTH
|
|
POSITION(S) HELD WITH
THE TRUST, TERM OF
OFFICE(2) AND LENGTH OF
TIME SERVED
|
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) AND OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS HELD DURING PAST 5 YEARS
|
Daniel R.
Omstead, Ph.D.
7/1953 |
|
President
since 2015 |
|
President of
the Fund, HQH (since 2001), HQL (since 2001), THQ (since 2014);
President, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Member of Tekla
Capital Management LLC (since 2002). |
Laura Woodward, CPA
11/1968 |
|
Chief Compliance Officer, Secretary and Treasurer since
2015 |
|
Chief Compliance Officer, Secretary and Treasurer of the Fund,
HQH (since 2009), HQL (since 2009), THQ (since 2014); Chief
Compliance Officer and Vice President of Fund Administration, Tekla
Capital Management LLC (since 2009); Senior Manager,
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (1990-2009). |
____________________
|
(1) |
The address for each Officer is: c/o Tekla World Healthcare
Fund, 100 Federal Street, 19th Floor, Boston,
Massachusetts, 02110, 617-772-8500. |
|
(2) |
Each Officer serves in such capacity for an indefinite period
of time at the pleasure of the Trustees. |
Ownership of Securities
As of September 6, 2022, the Trust’s Trustees and executive
officers, as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of the
Trust’s outstanding Shares. The information as to beneficial
ownership of securities which appears below is based on statements
furnished to the Trust by its Trustees and executive officers.
To the knowledge of the Trust, as of September 6, 2022, there
were no control persons of the Trust and no persons were known to
own, either beneficially or of record, 5% or more of the Shares of
the Trust.
As of March 31, 2022, the dollar range of equity securities
owned beneficially by each Trustee in the Trust and in any
registered investment companies overseen by the Trustee within the
same family of investment companies as the Trust is as follows:
Independent Trustees
Name of Trustee
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in
the Trust
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All
Registered Investment Companies Overseen by
Trustee in Family of Investment Companies*
|
Jeffrey A. Bailey |
|
$10,001-$50,000 |
|
$50,001-$100,000 |
Kathleen L. Goetz |
|
$10,001-$50,000 |
|
$10,001-$50,000 |
Rakesh K. Jain, Ph.D. |
|
None |
|
None |
Thomas M. Kent |
|
$10,001-$50,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
W. Mark Watson, CPA |
|
None |
|
None |
Interested Trustees
Name of Trustee
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in
the Trust
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All
Registered Investment Companies Overseen by
Trustee in Family of Investment Companies*
|
Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D. |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
_______________
|
* |
The Family of Investment Companies includes the four funds
that the Adviser serves as investment adviser. This includes the
Trust, HQH, HQL and THQ. |
Dr. Omstead and Ms. Woodward serve as officers of the
Trust. As of September 7, 2022, the officers of the Trust
beneficially owned 30,768 Shares of the Trust, or less than 1% of
the Shares outstanding on that date.
Independent Trustee Transactions/Relationships with Trust
Affiliates
As of December 31, 2021, neither the Independent Trustees nor
members of their immediate families owned securities, beneficially
or of record, of the Advisor, or an affiliate or person directly or
indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with
the Advisor. In addition, over the past five years, neither
Independent Trustees nor members of their immediate families have
had any direct or indirect interest, the value of which exceeds
$120,000, in the Advisor or any of its affiliates. Further, during
each of the last two fiscal years, neither Independent Trustees nor
members of their immediate families have conducted any transactions
(or series or transactions) or maintained any direct or indirect
relationship in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and to
which the Advisor or any of its affiliates was a party.
Standing Committees
Audit Committee. The Trust has an Audit Committee comprised
solely of Independent Trustees who are “independent” as defined in
the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) Listing Standards. The Board
has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee. The Audit
Committee charter is available at www.teklacap.com/funds/thw/info/literature.
The principal purpose of the Trust’s Audit Committee is to assist
the Board in fulfilling its responsibility to oversee management’s
conduct of the Trust’s financial reporting process, including
reviewing the financial reports and other financial information
provided by the Trust, the Trust’s systems of internal accounting
and financial controls and the annual independent audit
process.
For the Trust, the Audit Committee’s role is one of oversight, and
it is recognized that the Trust’s management is responsible for
preparing the Trust’s financial statements and that the outside
auditor is responsible for auditing those financial statements.
Although the Audit Committee member must be financially literate
and one member must have accounting or financial management
expertise (as determined by the Board in its business judgment),
Audit Committee members are not professionally engaged in the
practice of accounting or auditing and are not experts in the
fields of accounting or auditing, including with respect to auditor
independence. Audit Committee members rely, without independent
verification, on the information provided to them and on the
representations made by management and the Trust’s independent
public accountants.
The members of the Trust’s Audit Committee are Mr. Kent,
Ms. Goetz, and Mr. Watson. Mr. Kent is the Chairman
of the Trust’s Audit Committee. The Trust’s Audit Committee held
four meetings during the fiscal year ended September 30,
2021.
Governance and Nominating Committee. The Trust has a
Governance and Nominating Committee comprised solely of Independent
Trustees who are “independent” as defined in the NYSE Listing
Standards.
The principal missions of the Committee are to (i) review,
evaluate, and enhance the effectiveness of the Board in its role in
governing the Trust and overseeing the management of the Trust and
(ii) promote the effective participation of qualified
individuals on the Board, on committees of the Board, and as
executive officers of the Trust.
The Committee reviews, discusses and makes recommendations to the
Board relating to those issues that pertain to the effectiveness of
the Board in carrying out its responsibilities in governing the
Trust and overseeing the Trust’s management. The Committee makes
nominations for trustees and officers of the Trust and for
membership on all committees of the Board and submits such
nominations to the full Board for consideration.
The Trust’s By-Laws require that each prospective trustee candidate
have a college degree or equivalent business experience and provide
a list of minimum qualifications for trustees, which include
expertise, experience or relationships relevant to the business of
the Trust. The Trust’s By-Laws also require that a candidate is not
serving in any of various positions with another investment company
(as defined in the Investment Company Act) that focuses its
investments in the healthcare and/or life sciences industries,
unless such investment company is managed by the Trust’s Investment
Adviser or an affiliate, or in various positions with the
investment adviser, sponsor or equivalent of such an investment
company. The Committee may also take into account other factors
when considering and evaluating potential trustee candidates,
including but not limited to: (i) availability and commitment
to attend meetings and perform responsibilities of the Board;
(ii) relevant industry and related experience;
(iii) educational background; (iv) financial expertise;
(v) the candidate’s ability, judgment and expertise; and
(vi) the overall diversity of the Board’s composition.
The Committee may identify prospective trustees from any reasonable
source, including, but not limited to, the consultation of
third-party trustee search services. The Committee will consider
potential trustee candidates recommended by Shareholders, provided
that the proposed candidates (i) satisfy any minimum
qualifications of the Trust for its trustees; (ii) are not
“interested persons” (as that term is defined in
Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act) of the Trust
or the Investment Adviser; and (iii) are “independent” as
defined in the NYSE Listing Standards. In order to be evaluated by
the Committee, trustee candidates recommended by Shareholders must
also meet certain eligibility requirements as set out in the
Committee’s Charter. Other than those eligibility requirements, the
Committee shall not evaluate Shareholder trustee nominees in a
different manner than other nominees. The standard of the Committee
is to treat all equally qualified nominees in the same manner.
All recommendations by Shareholders must be received by the Trust
by the deadline for submission of any Shareholder proposals which
would be included in the Trust’s proxy statement for the next
annual meeting of the Trust. Each Shareholder or Shareholder group
must meet the requirements stated in the Committee’s charter in
order to recommend a candidate. A Shareholder or Shareholder group
may not submit more than one candidate per year. When recommending
a trustee candidate, Shareholders must include in their notice to
the Trust’s Secretary: (i) the Shareholder’s contact
information; (ii) the trustee candidate’s contact information
and the number of Trust shares owned by the proposed candidate;
(iii) all information regarding the candidate that would be
required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for elections
of trustees required by Regulation 14A of the Securities Act of
1934, as amended; and (iv) a notarized letter executed by the
trustee candidate, stating his or her intention to serve as a
nominee and be named in the Trust’s proxy statement, if nominated
by the Board, and to serve as a trustee, if so elected. Once a
recommendation has been timely received in proper form, the
candidate will be asked to complete an eligibility questionnaire to
assist the Trust in assessing the candidate’s qualifications as a
potential Independent Trustee and as someone who is “independent”
under the NYSE Listing Standards. The Committee will make such
determinations in its sole discretion and such determinations shall
be final.
The members of the Committee are Mr. Bailey, Dr. Jain,
and Mr. Kent. Dr. Jain is the Chairman of the Committee.
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021, the
governance and nominating committee held four meetings.
Valuation Committee. The Board has delegated to the Trust’s
Valuation Committee general responsibility for determining, subject
to final Board ratification, in accordance with the Trust’s
valuation procedures, the value of assets held by the Trust on any
day on which the net asset value per share is determined. The
Valuation Committee may appoint, and has appointed, a Sub-Committee
made up of employees and officers of the Investment Adviser, to
deal in the first instance with day to day valuation decisions,
subject to oversight by the Valuation Committee. The Valuation
Committee shall meet as often as necessary to ensure that each
action taken by the Sub-Committee is reviewed within a calendar
quarter of the occurrence. In connection with its review, the
Valuation Committee shall
ratify or revise the pricing methodologies authorized by the
Sub-Committee since the last meeting of the Valuation Committee.
The Valuation Committee is charged with the responsibility of
determining the fair value of the Trust’s securities or other
assets in situations set forth in the Trust’s valuation
procedures.
The members of the Trust’s Valuation Committee are Mr. Bailey,
Ms. Goetz, Mr. Watson, and Dr. Omstead.
Mr. Bailey is the Chairman of the Trust’s Valuation Committee.
The Trust’s Valuation Committee held four meetings during the
fiscal year ended September 30, 2021.
Qualified Legal Compliance Committee. The Trust has a
Qualified Legal Compliance Committee (“QLCC”) comprised solely of
Independent Trustees. The Board has adopted a written charter for
the QLCC. The principal purpose of the Trust’s QLCC is to review
and respond to reports of Evidence of a Material Violation (as
defined in the QLCC charter). Reporting Evidence of a Material
Violation is required under the Standards of Professional Conduct
for Attorneys adopted by the Commission under the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 (the “Standards”). Under the Standards, if an attorney
appearing and practicing before the Commission in the
representation of an issuer, such as the Trust, becomes aware of
Evidence of a Material Violation by the issuer or by any officer,
trustee, employee or agent of the issuer, the Standards provide for
the attorney to report such evidence to the issuer’s QLCC
forthwith. In discharging its role, the QLCC is granted the power
to investigate any Evidence of a Material Violation brought to its
attention with full access to all books, records, facilities and
personnel of the Trust and the power to retain outside counsel,
auditors or other experts for this purpose.
The members of the Trust’s QLCC are Dr. Jain and
Mr. Kent. Mr. Kent is the Chairman of the Trust’s QLCC.
The Trust’s QLCC had no cause to meet during the fiscal year ended
September 30, 2021.
Compensation of Trustees and Officers
The Trust pays each of the Trustees not affiliated with the
Investment Adviser an annual fee of $17,500. Independent Trustees
are also paid $1,000 for each Board meeting attended in person and
$750 for each Committee meeting. The Chairman of the Board receives
an additional annual fee of $5,000, the Chairmen of the Audit and
Valuation Committees receive an additional annual fee of $2,000,
and the Chairman of the Governance and Nominating Committee
receives an additional annual fee of $2,000. Independent Trustees
are also reimbursed for travel expenses incurred in connection with
attending such meetings. Trustees and officers of the Trust who
hold positions with the Investment Adviser receive indirect
compensation from the Trust in the form of the investment advisory
fee paid to the Investment Adviser.
The Trust has entered into a Services Agreement with the Investment
Adviser. Pursuant to the terms of the Services Agreement, the Trust
reimburses the Investment Adviser for a portion of the payment of
salary and provision of benefits to the Trust's Chief Compliance
Officer. Trustees and officers of the Trust who hold positions with
the Investment Adviser receive indirect compensation from the
investment advisory fee paid to the Investment Adviser by the
Trust.
The following table sets forth information regarding the estimated
compensation of Trustees by the Trust and other funds managed by
the Investment Adviser for the fiscal year ending
September 30, 2021, but does not include expenses. As of the
date of this SAI, the Fund Complex was comprised of the Trust, HQH,
HQL, and THQ (the “Funds”).
COMPENSATION TABLE
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021
NAME OF TRUSTEE
|
|
AGGREGATE COMPENSATION
FROM TRUST
|
|
PENSION OR RETIREMENT BENEFITS ACCRUED AS PART OF TRUST
EXPENSES
|
|
ESTIMATED ANNUAL
BENEFITS UPON RETIREMENT
|
|
TOTAL COMPENSATION
FROM TRUST AND FUND COMPLEX
PAID TO
TRUSTEES(1)
|
INDEPENDENT
TRUSTEES(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey A. Bailey |
|
$ |
26,438 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
104,250 |
Rakesh K. Jain, Ph.D. |
|
$ |
23,438 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
92,250 |
Thomas M. Kent, CPA |
|
$ |
26,438 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
104,250 |
Oleg M. Pohotsky, M.B.A.,
J.D.(3) |
|
$ |
31,688 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
126,000 |
William S. Reardon, M.B.A.(4) |
|
$ |
28,438 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
112,250 |
Lucinda H. Stebbins, M.B.A., CPA(5) |
|
$ |
21,875 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
86,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERESTED TRUSTEES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D. |
|
$ |
0 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXECUTIVE OFFICER |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Laura Woodward. |
|
$ |
50,900 |
|
N/A |
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
_____________
|
(1) |
The Fund Complex consists of four funds: the Trust, HQH, HQL
and THQ. |
|
(2) |
Kathleen L. Goetz was appointed as a Trustee effective
December 9, 2021. W. Mark Watson was appointed as a Trustee
effective June 9, 2022. |
|
(3) |
Mr. Pohotsky served as an Independent Trustee until he
passed away on July 14, 2022. |
|
(4) |
Mr. Reardon served as an Independent Trustee until he
retired on June 9, 2022. |
|
(5) |
Ms. Stebbins served as an Independent Trustee until she
retired on June 10, 2021. |
THE TRUST
The Trust’s capitalization consists of an unlimited number of
Shares, $0.01 par value. Each Share represents an equal
proportionate beneficial interest in the Trust and, when issued and
outstanding, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.
Upon any liquidation of the Trust, Shareholders will be entitled to
share pro rata in the net assets of the Trust available for
distribution after paying or adequately providing for the payment
of all liabilities. The Trust will send annual and semi-annual
financial statements to Shareholders and may also issue more
abbreviated interim reports to update Shareholders on a quarterly
basis. The Trust will hold annual meetings of its Shareholders in
accordance with the provisions of the Trust’s By-laws and the
rules of the NYSE.
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each whole Share held and
a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional Share held. The
Trust’s Shares do not have cumulative voting rights, which means
that the holders of more than 50% of the Shares of the Trust voting
for the election of Trustees can elect all of the Trustees, and, in
such event, the holders of the remaining Shares will not be able to
elect any Trustees. The Trust has a staggered Board, whereby one
class of Trustees is elected each year.
The Trust is an entity of the type commonly known as a
“Massachusetts business trust.” Under Massachusetts law,
shareholders of such a trust under certain circumstances may be
determined to be personally liable as partners for the Trust’s
obligations. However, the Trust’s Declaration of Trust contains an
express disclaimer of shareholder liability for the acts or
obligations of the Trust and provides for indemnification and
reimbursement of expenses out of the Trust’s property for any
shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the
Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on
account of a Trust liability is limited to circumstances in which
the Trust is unable to meet its obligations from the liquidation of
its portfolio investments.
The overall management of the Trust is vested in the Board. The
Board approves all significant agreements between the Trust and
persons or companies furnishing services to it, including the
Trust’s agreements with its Investment Adviser, Custodian, any
foreign sub-custodians, Registrar and Transfer Agent. The
management of the day-to-day operations of the Trust is delegated
to its officers and to the Investment Adviser, subject always to
the investment objective and policies of the Trust and to general
supervision by the Board.
In addition, the Declaration of Trust requires the affirmative vote
or consent of the holders of 75% of the Shares of the Trust to
authorize certain transactions with a person or entity that is
directly, or indirectly through affiliates, the beneficial owner of
5% or more of the outstanding Shares of the Trust unless the Board
takes certain actions to approve such a transaction. These
provisions could make it more difficult to change the management of
the Trust and could have the effect of depriving Shareholders of an
opportunity to sell their Shares at a premium over prevailing
market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain
control of the Trust in a tender offer or similar transaction.
Preferred Shares
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Trust has the power to
issue additional Shares by action of the Board without the approval
of the holders of the Trust’s common Shareholders. This power may
be deemed to include the issuance of Preferred Shares with such
rights and privileges as may be determined by the Board.
The Trust may elect to issue Preferred Shares as part of its
leverage strategy though it does not currently intend to do so. The
Trust has the ability to issue Preferred Shares representing up to
50% of the Trust’s total assets (less the Trust’s obligations under
senior securities representing indebtedness). The Investment
Company Act permits the issuance of Preferred Shares if,
immediately after such issuance, the liquidation value of the
Trust’s outstanding Preferred Shares exceeds 50% of its assets
(including the proceeds from the issuance) less liabilities other
than borrowings (i.e., the value of the Trust’s assets must be at
least 200% of the liquidation value of its outstanding Preferred
Shares). In addition, the Trust would not be permitted to declare
any cash dividend or other distribution on its Shares unless, at
the time of such declaration, the value of the Trust’s assets less
liabilities other than borrowings is at least 200% of such
liquidation value. Notwithstanding the Investment Company Act
requirement listed above with respect to asset coverage of any
Preferred Shares, if Preferred Shares are issued, the Trust intends
to maintain an asset coverage ratio of at least 300%. Although the
terms of any Preferred Shares, including dividend rate, liquidation
preference and redemption provisions, would be determined by the
Board, subject to applicable law and the Declaration of Trust, it
is likely that the Preferred Shares would be structured to carry a
relatively short-term dividend rate reflecting interest rates on
short-term bonds, by providing for the periodic redetermination of
the dividend rate at relatively short intervals through an auction,
remarketing or other procedure. The Trust also believes that it is
likely that the liquidation preference, voting rights and
redemption provisions of any Preferred Shares would be similar to
those stated below.
Liquidation
Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Trust, the holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive a preferential
liquidating distribution, which would be expected to equal the
original purchase price per Preferred Share plus accrued and unpaid
dividends, whether or not declared, before any distribution of
assets is made to common shareholders. After payment of the full
amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled,
the holders of Preferred Shares would not be entitled to any
further participation in any distribution of assets by the
Trust.
Voting Rights. The Investment Company Act
requires that the holders of any Preferred Shares, voting
separately as a single class, have the right to elect at least two
Trustees at all times. The remaining Trustees would be elected by
holders of Shares and Preferred Shares, voting together as a single
class. In addition, subject to the prior rights, if any, of the
holders of any other class of senior securities outstanding, the
holders of any Preferred Shares have the right to elect a majority
of the Trustees of the Trust at any time in the event that two
years of dividends on any Preferred Shares are unpaid. The
Investment Company Act also requires that, in addition to any
approval by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the
approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding
Preferred Shares, voting separately as a class, would be required
to: (i) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely
affect the Preferred Shares; and (ii) take any action
requiring a vote of security holders under
Section 13(a) of the Investment Company Act, including,
among other things, changes in the Trust’s subclassification as a
closed-end investment company or changes in its fundamental
investment restrictions. As a result of these voting rights, the
Trust’s ability to take any such actions may be impeded to the
extent that there are any Preferred Shares outstanding. The Board
presently intends that, except as otherwise indicated in the
Prospectus or the SAI and except as otherwise required by
applicable law or the Declaration of Trust, if Preferred Shares
were issued, holders of Preferred Shares would have equal voting
rights with common shareholders (one vote per share, unless
otherwise required by the Investment Company Act) and would vote
together with common shareholders as a single class.
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, would be
required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences, rights
or powers of holders of Preferred Shares so as to affect materially
and adversely such preferences, rights or powers, or to increase or
decrease the authorized number of Preferred Shares. The class vote
of holders of Preferred Shares described above would in each case
be in addition to any other vote required to authorize the action
in question.
Redemption,
Purchase and Sale of
Preferred Shares by the Trust. The terms of any
Preferred Shares issued would be expected to provide that:
(i) they are redeemable by the Trust in whole or in part at
the original purchase price per share plus accrued dividends per
share; (ii) the Trust may tender for or purchase Preferred
Shares; and (iii) the Trust may subsequently resell any shares
so tendered for or purchased. Any redemption or purchase of
Preferred Shares by the Trust would reduce any leverage applicable
to the Shares, while any resale of shares by the Trust would
increase that leverage.
The discussion above describes the possible offering of Preferred
Shares by the Trust. If the Board determines to proceed with such
an offering, the terms of the Preferred Shares may be the same as,
or different from, the terms described above, subject to applicable
law and the Trust’s Declaration of Trust. The Board, without the
approval of the common shareholders, may authorize an offering of
Preferred Shares or may determine not to authorize such an
offering, and may fix the terms of the Preferred Shares to be
offered. Shareholders will bear all expenses in connection with the
offering and issuance of Preferred Shares.
Repurchases of Shares and Tender Offers
The Trust is a closed-end management investment company and as such
its Shareholders do not, and will not, have the right to redeem
their Shares of the Trust. The Trustees, however, intend to
consider, from time to time, but not less frequently than annually,
the desirability of open market purchases or tender offers. Any
such repurchases will be made in accordance with the applicable
provisions of the Investment Company Act and Massachusetts law in
open market transactions. Shares repurchased by the Trust will be
held in its treasury. The share repurchase program is intended to
enhance shareholder value and potentially reduce the discount
between the market price of the Trust’s shares and the Trust’s NAV.
There is no assurance that any action undertaken to repurchase
Shares will result in the Shares trading at a price which
approximates net asset value. Although the Trust has no present
intention of doing so, it reserves the right to incur debt to
finance such repurchases or tender offers. Interest on any
borrowings to finance Share repurchase transactions will increase
the Trust’s expenses and will reduce the Trust’s net income. There
can be no assurance that Share repurchases, if any, will cause the
Shares to trade at a price equal to or in excess of their net asset
value. Nevertheless, the possibility that a portion of the Trust’s
outstanding Shares may be the subject of repurchases may reduce the
spread between market price and net asset value that might
otherwise exist. The Trust may not repurchase Shares except
(1) on a securities exchange and after notification to
Shareholders of its intent to purchase Shares within the six months
preceding the purchase, (2) pursuant to a tender offer to all
Shareholders, or (3) as otherwise permitted by the
Commission.
The Shares of the Trust will trade in the open market at a price
which will be a function of several factors, including their
supply, demand, investment performance and yield. The shares of
closed-end investment companies generally sell at market prices
varying from their NAV and such shares frequently trade at a
discount to NAV, but in some cases trade at a premium. The market
price of the Shares will be determined by factors including trading
volume of
such Shares, general market and economic conditions and other
factors beyond the control of the Trust. Therefore, the Trust
cannot predict whether its Shares will trade at, below or above
NAV. When the Trust repurchases its Shares for a price below their
NAV, the NAV of those Shares that remain outstanding will increase,
but this does not necessarily mean that the market price of those
outstanding Shares will be affected, either positively or
negatively.
Conversion to Open-End Investment Company
Under the Declaration of Trust, the conversion of the Trust from a
closed-end to an open-end investment company would require
(1) the approval of the Board, and (2) the affirmative
vote or consent of the holders of 75% of the Shares outstanding and
entitled to vote. Such a vote would be in addition to any vote or
consent required in addition to the vote or consent of Shareholders
otherwise required by law or any agreement between the Trust and
the NYSE. The Investment Company Act requires that the Trust
receive a vote of a majority of its outstanding voting Shares in
order to convert the Trust from a closed-end to an open-end
investment company.
The conversion of the Trust from a closed-end to an open-end
investment company would have to be approved by the Board prior to
its submission to Shareholders. A proposal to convert the Trust to
an open-end company might be supported or opposed by the Board
depending on the Board’s judgment as to its advisability in light
of circumstances prevailing at the time.
Shareholders of an open-end investment company may require the
company to redeem their shares at any time (except in certain
circumstances as authorized by or under the Investment Company Act)
at their NAV, less such redemption charge, if any, as might be in
effect at the time of a redemption. Conversion to an open-end
investment company could require the disposal of illiquid
investments to meet current requirements of the Commission that no
more than 15% of an open-end investment company’s assets consist of
illiquid securities, and would likely require involuntary
liquidation of portfolio securities, and the inherent realization
of net long-term capital gains in connection therewith, to meet
periodic requests for redemption. Moreover, Shares of the Trust
would no longer be listed on the NYSE.
INVESTMENT ADVISER AND
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
Tekla Capital Management LLC, a limited liability company formed
under the laws of the State of Delaware, serves as the Investment
Adviser to the Trust. The Investment Adviser is an investment
adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended.
The Investment Adviser is located at 100 Federal Street,
19th Floor, Boston, MA 02110.
The Investment Adviser is owned by Daniel R. Omstead and Mary N.
Omstead. Dr. Omstead is currently the President and Chief
Executive Officer of the Investment Adviser. Mary N. Omstead is
Dr. Omstead’s wife.
The Investment Advisory Agreement between the Investment Adviser
and the Trust (the “Advisory Agreement”) provides that, subject to
the supervision and direction of the Board, the Investment Adviser
is responsible for the actual management of the Trust’s portfolio.
The Investment Adviser is also obligated to supervise or perform
certain administrative and management services for the Trust and is
obligated to provide the office space, facilities, equipment and
personnel necessary to perform its duties under the Advisory
Agreement. The responsibility for making decisions to buy, sell or
hold a particular security rests with the Investment Adviser.
However, the Investment Adviser may consider investment analysis
from various sources, including broker-dealers with which the Trust
does business. See “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage.”
Subject to the supervision and direction of the Board, the
Investment Adviser manages the Trust’s portfolio in accordance with
the Trust’s investment objective and policies as stated in the
Prospectus; makes investment decisions for the Trust; places
purchase and sale orders for portfolio transactions for the Trust;
supplies the Trust with office facilities (which may be in the
Investment Adviser’s own offices), statistical and research data,
data processing services, clerical, internal executive and
administrative services, and stationery and office supplies;
supplies or directs and supervises a third party administrator or
custodian in the provision to the Trust of accounting and
bookkeeping services, the calculation of the net asset value of
shares of the Trust, internal auditing services, and other clerical
services in connection therewith; and prepares or supervises and
directs a third party administrator or custodian in the preparation
of reports to Shareholders of the Trust, tax returns and reports to
and filings with the Commission and state securities authorities.
In providing these services, the Investment Adviser provides
investment research and supervision of the Trust’s investments and
conducts a continual program of investment, evaluation and, if
appropriate, sale and reinvestment of the Trust’s assets. In
addition, the Investment Adviser furnishes the Trust with whatever
statistical information the Trust may reasonably request with
respect to the securities that the Trust may hold or contemplate
purchasing.
For the services provided by the Investment Adviser under the
Advisory Agreement, the Trust will pay a fee, computed and payable
monthly, equal when annualized to (1) 1.00% of the average
daily value of the Trust’s Managed Assets. “Managed Assets” means
the total assets of the Trust (including any assets attributable to
borrowings for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Trust’s
accrued liabilities (other than liabilities representing borrowings
for investment purposes).
The Advisory Agreement provides that the Investment Adviser shall
not be liable for any loss incurred by any act or omission of any
broker. The Advisory Agreement also provides that the Investment
Adviser shall not be liable to the Trust or to any Shareholder of
the Trust for any error or judgment or for any loss suffered by the
Trust in connection with rendering services under the Advisory
Agreement except (1) a loss resulting from a breach of
fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for
services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to
the period and the amount set forth in
Section 36(b)(3) of the Investment Company Act) or
(2) a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or
gross negligence on the part of the Investment Adviser, or reckless
disregard of its obligations and duties under the Advisory
Agreement. Subject to the foregoing, the Advisory Agreement also
provides that the Trust shall indemnify the Investment Adviser, and
any officer, director and employee of the Investment Adviser to the
maximum extent permitted by Article V of the Trust’s
Declaration of Trust.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021,
September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Trust paid
the Adviser $6,283,994, $5,475,071 and $5,382,722, respectively, in
advisory fees.
The services of the Investment Adviser to the Trust are not deemed
to be exclusive, and nothing in the Advisory Agreement prevents the
Investment Adviser, or any affiliate thereof, from providing
similar services to other companies and other clients or from
engaging in other activities.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser has agreed to
bear all expenses in connection with the performance of its
services under the Advisory Agreement, including compensation of
and office space for officers and employees of the Trust connected
with investment and economic research, trading and investment
management of the Trust, as well as the fees of all Trustees of
the
Trust who are “affiliated persons” of the Investment Adviser, as
that term is defined in the Investment Company Act, or any of its
“affiliated persons.”
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Trust must pay (or, in the event
that such expenses are paid by the Investment Adviser, shall
reimburse the Investment Adviser for) all other expenses incurred
in the operation of the Trust including, among other things,
expenses for legal and auditing services, costs of printing proxy
statements, prospectuses, stock certificates and shareholder
reports, charges of the custodian, any sub-custodian and transfer
agent, expenses in connection with the Dividend Reinvestment and
Stock Purchase Plan, the Commission, and the Financial Regulatory
Authority (“FINRA”) fees, fees and expenses of the Trustees who are
not “affiliated persons” of the Investment Adviser or any of its
“affiliated persons,” accounting and valuation costs,
administrator’s fees, membership fees in trade associations,
fidelity bond coverage for the Trust’s officers and employees,
errors and omissions insurance coverage for Trustees and officers,
interest, brokerage costs, taxes, stock exchange listing fees and
expenses, expenses of qualifying the Trust’s Shares for sale in
various states, expenses associated with personnel performing
exclusively shareholder servicing functions, litigation and other
extraordinary or non-recurring expenses, and other expenses
properly payable by the Trust.
Unless earlier terminated as described below, the Advisory
Agreement will remain in effect from year to year if approved
annually (1) by the Board or by the holders of a majority of
the Trust’s outstanding Shares and (2) by the majority of the
Trustees who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or
interested persons of any such party. The Advisory Agreement may be
terminated without penalty by (1) the Trust or the Investment
Adviser at any time without penalty upon not less than 30 and no
more than 60 days’ written notice or (2) a vote of the holders
of a majority of the Trust’s outstanding Shares, and will
automatically terminate in the event of its assignment. Action by
the Trust under (1) above may be taken either by (i) vote
of a majority of its Trustees, or (ii) the affirmative vote of
a majority of the outstanding shares of the Trust.
Portfolio Management
Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D., Jason C. Akus, M.D./M.B.A., Timothy
Gasperoni, M.B.A., Ph.D., Ashton L. Wilson, Christopher Abbott,
Robert Benson, Richard Goss, Loretta Tse, Ph.D., Jack Liu, M.B.A.,
Ph.D., Christopher Seitz, M.B.A., Graham Attipoe, M.B.A., M.D. and
Kelly Girskis, Ph.D. are members of a team that analyzes
investments on behalf of the Trust. Dr. Omstead exercises
ultimate decision making authority with respect to investments.
Other Accounts Managed
The information below lists other accounts for which the portfolio
management team was primarily responsible for the day to day
management as of September 30, 2021.
Portfolio Managers Name
|
|
Registered
Investment Companies(1)
|
|
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles(1)
|
|
Other
Accounts(1)
|
Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Jason C. Akus, M.D./M.B.A |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Timothy Gasperoni, M.B.A., Ph.D. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Ashton L. Wilson |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Christopher Abbott |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Robert Benson |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Richard Goss |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Loretta Tse, Ph.D. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Jack Liu, M.B.A., Ph.D. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Christopher Seitz, M.B.A. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Graham Attipoe, M.B.A., M.D. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
Kelly Girskis, Ph.D. |
|
3 |
$2,657,706,608 |
|
0 |
$0 |
|
0 |
$0 |
__________
|
(1) |
None of the accounts managed by the portfolio managers are
subject to a performance fee. |
Security Ownership of Portfolio Managers
As of September 30, 2021, the dollar range of Trust securities
beneficially owned by Dr. Omstead was over $100,000 and the
dollar range of Trust securities beneficially owned by
Dr. Gasperoni was $10,001 - $50,000. As of September 30,
2021, none of the other members of the team owned securities of the
Trust.
Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure
The Investment Adviser offers employees what it believes are
competitive salaries and benefits in order to attract and retain
adequate staff to provide services to the Trusts. The Investment
Adviser feels the current staff level is adequate in size,
experience and qualifications to effectively manage both the public
and restricted portfolios of the Trust, HQH, HQL and THQ. The
Investment Adviser further believes that the staff has the unique
qualifications and experience to be effective in making purchase
and sale decisions.
Dr. Omstead is an owner of the Investment Adviser. He receives
compensation for his contribution to the portfolio management team
and for his contribution to the general management of the
Investment Adviser. As a member of the Investment Adviser,
Dr. Omstead also receives distributions made to members.
Currently, such distributions are principally the result of the
investment advisory fees paid to the Investment Adviser by the
Trust, HQH, HQL and THQ.
Conflicts of Interest
Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio
manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to
more than one fund or other accounts. More specifically, portfolio
managers who manage multiple funds are presented with the potential
conflicts discussed below.
The management of multiple accounts may result in a portfolio
manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of
each account. The management of multiple funds and accounts also
may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and
accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and
fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment
ideas across multiple funds and accounts. Another potential
conflict of interest may arise where another account has the same
investment objective as the Trust, whereby the portfolio manager
could favor one account over another.
With respect to securities transactions for the Trust, the Adviser
determines which broker to use to execute each order, consistent
with the duty to seek best execution of the transaction. A
portfolio manager may execute transactions for another fund or
account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by
the Trust. Securities selected for funds or accounts other than the
Trust may outperform the securities selected for the Trust.
Further, a potential conflict could include the portfolio managers’
knowledge about the size, timing and possible market impact of
Trust trades, whereby they could use this information to the
advantage of other accounts and to the disadvantage of the Trust.
These potential conflicts of interest could create the appearance
that a portfolio manager is favoring one investment vehicle over
another.
The appearance of a conflict of interest may arise where the
Adviser has an incentive, such as a performance-based management
fee. The management of personal accounts may give rise to potential
conflicts of interest; there is no assurance that the Trust’s Code
of Ethics will adequately address such conflicts.
The Adviser and the Trust have each adopted a code of ethics that,
among other things, permits personal trading by employees
(including trading in securities that can be purchased, sold or
held by the Trust) under conditions where it has been determined
that such trades would not adversely impact client accounts.
Nevertheless, the management of personal accounts may give rise to
potential conflicts of interest, and there is no assurance that
these codes of ethics will adequately address such conflicts.
See “Code of Ethics” for more information.
PROXY VOTING POLICY AND
PROCEDURES
The Board has adopted a proxy voting policy and procedure (the
“Proxy Voting Policy”), pursuant to which the Trustees have
delegated proxy voting responsibility to the Investment Adviser. A
copy of the Proxy Voting Policy is attached as Appendix A to this
SAI.
A description of the Trust’s proxy voting policies and procedures
and information on how the Trust voted proxies relating to
portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended
June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by
calling the Trust at (617) 772-8500, and (2) on the Securities
and Exchange Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
CODE OF
ETHICS
The Board has approved a joint Code of Ethics under Rule 17j-1
of the Investment Company Act that covers certain personnel of the
Trust and the Investment Adviser. The joint Code of Ethics
establishes procedures for personal investing and restricts certain
transactions by certain personnel covered by the joint Code of
Ethics. Employees subject to the joint Code of Ethics may invest in
securities for their personal investment accounts, including, in
certain cases, securities that may be purchased or held by the
Trust. The joint Code of Ethics applies to investments by covered
persons in their personal accounts, the accounts of family members
living in the same household, and accounts in which the covered
person has a beneficial interest (i.e., ownership, voting or
investment control). Some of the restrictions set forth in the
joint Code of Ethics do not apply to the Trust’s Independent
Trustees. In general terms, the joint Code of Ethics is designed to
ensure that the investing activities of covered personnel are
conducted in a manner that avoids potential or actual conflicts of
interest with the Trust and its Shareholders and that covered
personnel conduct their personal investing in a manner consistent
with their fiduciary duty towards the Trust and its
Shareholders.
The joint Code of Ethics requires pre-clearance for certain
investments in equities (not including mutual funds), imposes
reporting requirements, and imposes sanctions for violations.
Specifically, among other things, the joint Code of Ethics
prohibits sales of securities to or purchases of securities from
the Trust and prohibits the purchase or sale of any security under
consideration for trading by the Trust within seven days before or
after the Trust trades in the security
The joint Code of Ethics is available on the EDGAR Database on the
Commission Internet site at www.sec.gov. You may obtain
copies of the joint Code of Ethics, after paying a duplicating fee,
by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
NET ASSET
VALUE
The NAV of the Trust’s Shares is calculated at the close of regular
trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) every day
that the NYSE is open. The Trust makes this information available
daily by telephone (800) 451-2597, via its web site www.teklacap.com). and through
electronic distribution for media publication, including major
internet-based financial services web sites and portals
(e.g., bloomberg.com, yahoo.com,
cbsmarketwatch.com, etc.). Currently, The Wall Street
Journal, The New York Times and Barron’s publish NAVs for
closed-end investment companies periodically.
NAV is calculated by dividing the Trust’s total assets (the value
of the securities held by the Trust plus any cash or other assets,
including interest and dividends earned but not yet received) minus
all liabilities (including accrued expenses, dividends payable and
any borrowings of the Trust) by the total number of Shares
outstanding at such time. If any preferred shares are outstanding,
net assets available for common shareholders are determined by
deducting from net assets the liquidation preference and any
accrued dividends on the preferred shares.
Securities for which market quotations are readily available are
valued at market price. Portfolio securities that are traded on one
or more U.S. national securities exchanges or in the
over-the-counter market that are National Market System securities
are valued at the last sale price or, lacking any sales, at the
mean between last bid and asked prices or at the last sale price.
Other over-the-counter securities are valued at the most recent bid
prices as obtained from one or more dealers that make markets in
the securities. Redeemable securities issued by a registered
open-end investment company are valued at net asset value per
share. Other securities are valued at the mean between the closing
bid and asked prices. Short- term investments that mature in 60
days or less are valued at amortized cost, unless the Board
determines that such valuation does not constitute fair value.
Bonds, other than convertible bonds, are valued using a third-party
pricing system when such valuations are available. Convertible
bonds are generally valued using this pricing system only on days
when there is no sale reported. Temporary cash investments with
maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost. Puts and
calls generally are valued at the close of regular trading on the
securities or commodities exchange on which they are primarily
traded. Options on securities generally are valued at their last
bid price in the case of exchange-traded options or, in the case of
OTC-traded options, the average of the last bid price as obtained
from two or more dealers unless there is only one dealer, in which
case that dealer’s price is used. Forward foreign currency
contracts are generally valued on the basis of the value of the
underlying currencies at the prevailing currency exchange rates.
The prevailing
currency exchange rate shall generally be determined within one
hour of when the most recently available exchange rate information
has been received based on information obtained from a bank or
banks.
Securities that are primarily traded on foreign securities
exchanges are generally valued at the last sale price on the
exchange on which they are primarily traded. Foreign securities
that are primarily traded on the foreign over-the-counter market
are generally valued at the last sale quotation, if market
quotations are available, or the last reported bid price if there
is no active trading in a particular security on a given day.
However, if intervening events result in market volatility that
significantly affects the value of any such foreign securities
after the close of trading on the relevant foreign market, but
before the Trust values its Shares on any particular day on which
the Trust is required to value its Shares, the Trust may, but is
not required to, determine the value of such securities at “fair
value,” as determined in good faith by or under the direction of
the Board.
Quotations of foreign securities in foreign currencies are
converted, at current exchange rates, to their U.S. dollar
equivalents in order to determine their current value. In addition,
to the extent that the Trust values its foreign securities (other
than ADR and American Depositary Shares (“ADS”)) as of the close of
trading on various exchanges and over-the-counter markets
throughout the world, the calculation of the Trust’s net asset
value may not take place contemporaneously with the valuation of
foreign securities held by the Trust.
The value of any security or other asset for which market
quotations are not readily available shall be determined in a
manner that most fairly reflects the security’s (or asset’s) “fair
value,” which is the amount that the Trust might reasonably expect
to receive for the security (or asset) upon its current sale. Each
such determination is based on a consideration of all relevant
factors, which are likely to vary from one pricing context to
another. Examples of such factors may include, but are not limited
to: (1) the type of the security; (2) the size of the
holding (including percent of outstanding securities of issuer held
by the Trust); (3) the initial cost of the security;
(4) the existence of any contractual restrictions on the
security’s disposition and the time to freedom from such
restrictions; (5) the price and extent of public trading in
similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies;
(6) quotations or prices from broker-dealers and/or pricing
services; (7) information obtained from the issuer, analysts,
and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded
securities); (8) an analysis of the company’s financial
statements; (9) an evaluation of the forces that influence the
issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased
and sold (e.g., the existence of pending merger activity, public
offerings or tender offers that might affect the value of the
security); and (10) the price of securities in a subsequent
round of financing of an issuer in an arm’s-length transaction, if
the round includes a new third party investor.
Sometimes a “significant valuation event” may cause the market
value of a security to differ from the fair market value of that
security. A “significant valuation event” is an event that causes
or is likely to cause a market quotation to be unavailable or
unreliable, and may include: situations relating to a single issue
in a market sector; significant fluctuations in U.S. or foreign
markets; market disruptions or closings caused by human error,
equipment failures, natural disasters, armed conflicts, acts of
God, governmental actions or other developments, as well as the
same or similar events which may affect specific issues or the
securities markets even though not tied directly to the securities
markets. A significant valuation event occurring after the close of
trading but before the time of valuation may mean that the closing
price for the security does not constitute a readily available
market quotation. If a significant valuation event has occurred,
the security will be valued at fair value as determined in good
faith by the Board in accordance with the procedures described
above. Such valuations and procedures will be reviewed periodically
by the Board.
The Trust shall value an investment in a private placement or in a
private company at cost. The valuation of an investment in a
private placement or in a private company will be adjusted to
reflect its fair valuation, as internal and external events are
deemed to have a known or likely impact on the financial condition
or market value of the investment. Internal or external factors
affecting the fair valuation may include items such as a subsequent
financing round, a material deviation from the business plan, or a
change in market conditions that may impair the company’s ability
to meet its capital requirements. If a subsequent round of
financing includes a new third-party investor in an arms-length
transaction, then the securities shall be marked up or down to the
value used in that financing round. Equity investments in exchange
for marketing or development rights do not constitute arms-length
transactions. Venture investments that have an initial public
offering shall be generally valued at a discount to the public
market value of the securities. The discount in each case is
determined by appraisal, considering such factors as market
liquidity, time to freedom from restrictions, fundamental outlook
for the company and such other factors as are enumerated above that
are deemed to be relevant. Private placements in public companies
are similarly priced at a discount to the public market generally
until the restrictions on sale of the security expire.
Other assets, which include cash, prepaid and accrued items,
accounts receivable and income on investments and from the sale of
portfolio securities, are carried in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, as are all liabilities. Liabilities
primarily include accrued expenses, sums owed for securities
purchased and dividends payable.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
AND BROKERAGE
Subject to policies established by the Board, the Investment
Adviser is primarily responsible for the execution of the Trust’s
portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage. In
executing transactions for the portfolio and selecting brokers or
dealers (which brokers or dealers may include any affiliate of the
Investment Adviser to the extent permitted by the Investment
Company Act), the Investment Adviser will use its best efforts to
obtain the best price and execution for the Trust. In assessing the
best price and execution available for any portfolio transaction,
the Investment Adviser will consider all factors it deems relevant
including, but not limited to, price (including any applicable
brokerage commission or dealer spread), size of order, difficulty
of execution, and operational facilities of the firm involved and
the firm’s risk in positioning a block of securities. The
Investment Adviser may cause the Trust to pay a broker-dealer that
furnishes brokerage and research services a higher commission than
that which might be charged by another broker-dealer for effecting
the same transaction, provided that the Investment Adviser
determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in
relation to the value of the brokerage and research services
provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms of either the
particular transaction or the overall responsibilities of the
Investment Adviser to the Trust. In selecting brokers or dealers to
execute a particular transaction and in evaluating the best price
and execution available, the Investment Adviser may consider the
brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in
Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended) provided to the Trust and/or other accounts over which the
Investment Adviser exercises investment discretion. Such brokerage
and research services might consist of reports and statistics on
specific companies or industries, general summaries of groups of
bonds and their comparative earnings and yields, or broad overviews
of the securities markets and the economy. It is further understood
that such services may be useful to the Investment Adviser in
connection with its services to other clients. While the Investment
Adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive commission rates,
the Trust will not necessarily pay the lowest commission
available.
The Trust has no obligation to deal with any broker or group of
brokers in executing transactions in portfolio securities. Brokers
who provide supplemental research, market and statistical
information to the Investment Adviser may receive orders for
transactions by the Trust. The term “research, market and
statistical information” includes advice as to the value of
securities, the advisability of purchasing or selling securities
and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of
securities, and furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers,
industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio
strategy and the performance of accounts. Information so received
will be in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to
be performed by the Investment Adviser under the Advisory Agreement
and the expenses of the Investment Adviser will not necessarily be
reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental
information. Such information may be useful to the Investment
Adviser in providing services to clients other than the Trust, and
not all such information may be used by the Investment Adviser in
connection with the Trust. Conversely, such information provided to
the Investment Adviser by brokers and dealers through whom other
clients of the Investment Adviser in the future may effect
securities transactions may be useful to the Investment Adviser in
providing services to the Trust. To the extent the Investment
Adviser receives valuable research, market and statistical
information from a broker-dealer, the Investment Adviser intends to
direct orders for Trust transactions to that broker-dealer, subject
to the foregoing policies, regulatory constraints and the ability
of broker dealers to provide competitive prices and commission
rates.
The Investment Company Act restricts transactions involving the
Trust and its “affiliates,” including among others, the Trust’s
Trustees, officers and employees, the Investment Adviser and any
“affiliates” of such affiliates. Subject to any such restrictions,
investment companies advised by the Investment Adviser may
concurrently invest with the Trust in Restricted Securities, and
the Trust may also invest in companies in which directors of the
Investment Adviser or Trustees of the Trust have invested or for
which they serve as directors or executive officers. A substantial
portion of the securities in which the Trust may invest are traded
in the over-the-counter markets, and the Trust intends to deal
directly with the dealers who make markets in the securities
involved, except as limited by applicable law and in those
circumstances where better prices and execution are available
elsewhere. Under the Investment Company Act, persons affiliated
with the Trust are generally prohibited from dealing as principal
with the Trust in the purchase and sale of securities. Under
certain circumstances, affiliated persons of the Trust are
permitted to serve as its broker in over-the-counter transactions
conducted on an agency basis.
It is likely that, subject to applicable law, the Trust may invest
in securities concurrently being purchased by other investment
companies advised by the Investment Adviser. Such purchases would
be made on terms no less favorable than those under which such
investment companies would be acquiring the securities. In the case
of concurrent purchases by the Trust and another investment company
or companies managed by the Investment Adviser, such purchases
would be made where the Investment Adviser has made an independent
decision on behalf of the Trust and such other company that the
purchase is appropriate in light of the investment objectives,
policies, restrictions, current holdings, available cash and
portfolio structure of and other factors affecting each. Such
investments will be allocated among clients in a manner believed by
the Investment Adviser to be equitable to each. The Trust may
also from time to time invest in securities of companies in which
affiliated persons of the Trust have invested, subject to the
provisions of the Investment Company Act and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder.
The Trust’s portfolio transactions in Restricted Securities are
generally subject to Rule 144 under the Securities Act. In
general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, if the Trust
has beneficially owned Restricted Securities of a publicly held
issuer for a minimum of six months, it will be entitled to sell in
any three-month period that number of such securities that will not
exceed the greater of 1% of the then outstanding securities of that
class or the average weekly trading volume in securities of that
class in any national securities exchange and/or in the
over-the-counter market during the four calendar weeks immediately
preceding the date on which notice of the sale is filed with the
Commission. These volume limitations also apply to sales by the
Trust of the securities of any issuer as to which it is deemed an
affiliate, regardless of whether securities of such issuer are
publicly traded. The above-described sales under Rule 144 are
subject to certain requirements relating to manner of sale, notice
and availability of current public information about the issuer. If
the Trust is not deemed to have been an affiliate of the issuer at
any time during the 90 days immediately preceding the sale and has
beneficially owned Restricted Securities for at least one year, it
is entitled to sell such securities under
Rule 144(k) without regard to whether the issuer is
publicly-held or to the volume limitations or other requirements
described above. When Restricted Securities are sold to the public
other than pursuant to Rule 144 or 144A, the Trust may be
deemed an “underwriter” with respect thereto for purposes of the
Securities Act and subject to liability as such thereunder.
On occasions when the Investment Adviser deems the purchase or sale
of a security to be in the best interest of the Trust as well as
other clients, the Investment Adviser, to the extent permitted by
applicable laws and regulations, may, but shall be under no
obligation to, aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased in
order to obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage
commissions and efficient execution. In such event, allocation of
the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses
incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Investment Adviser
in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent
with its fiduciary obligations to the Trust and to such other
clients.
Allocation of transactions, including their frequency, to various
broker-dealers is determined by the Investment Adviser with respect
to the Trust, based on their best judgment and in a manner deemed
fair and reasonable to Shareholders. The primary consideration is
prompt execution of orders in an effective manner at the most
favorable price. Certain investments may be appropriate for the
Trust and also for other clients advised by the Investment Adviser.
Investment decisions for the Trust and for other investment
accounts managed by the Investment Adviser are made independently
of each other in the light of differing conditions. However, the
same investment decision may be made for two or more of such
accounts. When a purchase or sale of the same security is made at
substantially the same time on behalf of the Trust and one or more
other accounts, the transaction will be averaged as to price, and
available investments allocated as to amount, in a manner the
Investment Adviser believes to be equitable to each such account.
Although the Investment Adviser seeks the most favorable overall
net results for all of the accounts in any aggregated transaction,
in some cases, this practice may adversely affect the price paid or
received by the Trust or the size of the position obtained or sold
by the Trust. To the extent permitted by law, the Investment
Adviser may aggregate the securities to be sold or purchase for the
Trust with those to be sold or purchased for other investment
companies or accounts in order to obtain best execution.
For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021,
September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Trust paid
$251,449, $220,597 and $300,459, respectively, of brokerage
commissions.
As stated in the Prospectus, the Trust’s portfolio turnover rate
for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021,
September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 was 69.37%,
48.11% and 55.17%, respectively. For a description of the Trust’s
portfolio turnover policies, see “Portfolio Transactions and
Brokerage” in the Prospectus.
TAX
MATTERS
The following is only a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax
considerations generally affecting the Trust and its Shareholders.
The discussion is based on laws, regulations, rulings and decisions
currently in effect, all of which are subject to change (possibly
with retroactive effect) or different interpretations. No attempt
is made to present a detailed explanation of the tax treatment of
the Trust or its Shareholders, and the following discussion is not
intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Shareholders
should consult with their own tax advisers regarding the specific
federal, state, local, foreign and other tax consequences of
investing in the Trust.
Taxation of the Trust
The Trust intends to qualify and has elected to be treated in each
of its taxable years as a regulated investment company (“RIC”)
under the Code. As a RIC, the Trust generally will not be required
to pay U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital
gains that the Trust distributes to its Shareholders. To qualify as
a RIC and maintain RIC status, the Trust must meet specific
source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and must
generally distribute an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of
its investment company taxable income (which includes, among other
items, dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains in
excess of net long-term capital losses), but determined without
regard to the deduction for dividends paid) plus 90% of any net
tax-exempt income for the Trust’s taxable year. If, in any year,
the Trust fails to qualify as a RIC under U.S. federal income tax
laws, the Trust would be taxed as an ordinary corporation. In such
circumstances, the Trust could be required to recognize unrealized
gains, pay substantial taxes and make substantial distributions
before re-qualifying as a RIC that is accorded special tax
treatment.
To qualify as a RIC, the Trust must, among other things,
(a) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross
income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of
stock, securities or foreign currencies, net income derived from an
interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership and other
income derived with respect to its business of investing in such
stock, securities or currencies (the “Qualifying Income
Requirement”); (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end
of each quarter of the taxable year, (1) at least 50% of the
market value of the Trust’s assets is represented by cash and cash
items, U.S. Government Securities, the securities of other RICs and
other securities, with such other securities of any one issuer
limited for the purposes of this calculation to an amount not
greater than 5% of the value of the Trust’s total assets and not
greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such
issuer, and (2) not more than 25% of the value of its total
assets is invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than
U.S. Government Securities or the securities of other RICs); and
(c) distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable
income (which includes, among other items, dividends, interest and
net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital
losses) each taxable year. The U.S. Treasury Department has
authority to promulgate regulations pursuant to which gains from
foreign currency (and options, futures and forward contracts on
foreign currency) not directly related to a RIC’s business of
investing in stocks and securities would not be treated as
qualifying income for purposes of the Qualifying Income
Requirement. To date, such regulations have not been
promulgated.
If for any taxable year the Trust were to fail to qualify as a RIC,
all of the Trust’s taxable income would be subject to federal
income tax at the rates applicable to corporations (with no
deduction for distributions to Shareholders), and Trust
distributions would be taxable to Shareholders as dividends to the
extent of the Trust’s earnings and profits.
Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a
calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a
nondeductible 4% excise tax. To avoid the excise tax, the Trust
must generally distribute during each calendar year an amount at
least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income
(taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the
calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gains in excess of its
capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the
one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year, and
(3) all ordinary income and capital gains for previous years
that were not distributed during such years. To avoid application
of the excise tax, the Trust intends to make its distributions in
accordance with the calendar year distribution requirement. A
dividend will be treated as paid on December 31 of the
calendar year if it is declared by the Trust in October,
November or December of the year, payable to Shareholders
of record on a date in such a month and paid by the Trust during
January of the following year. Such dividends will be taxable
to Shareholders as of December 31 of the calendar year in
which the dividends are declared, rather than during the calendar
year in which the dividends are received. If the Trust elects to
retain net capital gains and treat such gains as having been
distributed, all or a portion of such gains may not be treated as
having been timely distributed for purposes of satisfying the
excise tax calendar year distribution requirement.
If the Trust utilizes leverage through the issuance of Preferred
Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a
distribution or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset
coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such
distribution or dividend. In addition, certain covenants in credit
facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the
Trust’s ability to declare and pay dividends on Shares. Limits on
the Trust’s ability to pay dividends on Shares may prevent the
Trust from meeting the distribution requirements described above
and, as a result, may affect the Trust’s ability to be subject to
tax as a RIC or subject the Trust to the 4% excise tax. If the
Trust is precluded from making distributions on Shares because of
any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms of Preferred
Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from
being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Trust to
enable the Trust to satisfy the distribution requirements that
would enable the Trust to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid
to the holders of Preferred Shares as a special distribution. This
distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of
Preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon redemption or
liquidation of such Preferred Shares.
Distributions
Dividends paid from investment company taxable income as calculated
for federal income tax purposes generally will be taxable to
Shareholders as ordinary income whether paid in cash or reinvested
in the Trust’s Shares. The Trust intends to distribute to its
Shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable
income, if any, for each year. It is anticipated that the Trust’s
income distributions will be paid monthly in cash.
A portion of the dividends received by non-corporate Shareholders
may be treated as “qualified dividend income” which is taxable to
individuals at the same rates that are applicable to long-term
capital gains. A Trust distribution is treated as qualified
dividend income to the extent that the Trust receives dividend
income from taxable domestic corporations and certain qualified
foreign corporations, provided that certain holding period and
other requirements are met. Holding periods may be affected by
certain of the Trust’s transactions in options (including covered
call options) and other derivatives. Trust distributions generally
will not qualify as qualified dividend income to the extent
attributable to interest, capital gains, REITs distributions and
distributions from certain non-U.S. corporations.
Distributions of the excess, if any, of net long-term capital gains
over net short-term capital losses (“net capital gains”) reported
by the Trust as capital gain dividends will be taxable to
Shareholders as long-term capital gains, whether paid in cash or
reinvested in the Trust’s Shares, regardless of how long the
Shareholders have held the Trust’s Shares, and will not be eligible
for the dividends received deduction for corporations. The Trust
may elect to retain net capital gains. In such event, the Trust
will be required to pay federal income taxes on the undistributed
net capital gains, but intends to elect to treat such capital gains
as having been distributed to Shareholders. As a result, such
amounts will be included in the gross income of the Shareholders as
long-term capital gains and Shareholders will be able to claim
their proportionate share of federal income taxes paid by the Trust
on such gains as a credit against their own federal income tax
liabilities, and will be entitled to increase the adjusted tax
basis of their Shares of the Trust by an amount equal to 65% of the
amount of the undistributed capital gains included in their gross
income. Organizations or persons not subject to federal income tax
on such capital gains (such as, generally, qualified pension and
profit-sharing funds, including Individual Retirement Accounts and
Keogh plans, and certain trusts, nonresident aliens and foreign
corporations) will be entitled to a refund of their pro rata share
of such taxes paid by the Trust upon filing appropriate returns or
claims for refund with the IRS. Even if the Trust makes such an
election, it is possible that the Trust may incur an excise tax as
a result of not having distributed sufficient net capital
gains.
A distribution of an amount in excess of the Trust’s current and
accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder
as a return of capital which is applied against and reduces the
Shareholder’s basis in his or her Shares. To the extent that the
amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s basis in
his or her Shares, the excess will be treated by the Shareholder as
gain from a sale or exchange of the Shares. The Trust has returned
investor capital over each of the past three years.
The price of Shares purchased at this time may reflect the amount
of the forthcoming distribution. Those purchasing just prior to a
distribution of investment company taxable income or net capital
gains will receive a distribution which will nevertheless be
taxable to them.
Dividends (not including capital gain dividends) received by
corporate Shareholders from the Trust qualify for the dividends
received deduction for corporate Shareholders to the extent the
Trust reports the amount distributed as eligible for the deduction.
The aggregate amount reported by the Trust cannot exceed the
aggregate amount of dividends received by the Trust from domestic
corporations for the taxable year, and the reporting of dividend
income must generally be the same for all Shares. Thus, unless 100%
of the Trust’s gross income constitutes qualified dividends, a
portion of the dividends paid to corporate Shareholders will not
qualify for the dividends received deduction. The dividends
received deduction for corporate Shareholders may be further
reduced if the Shares with respect to which dividends are received
are treated as debt-financed or if either those Shares or the
Shares of the Trust are deemed to have been held by the Trust or
its Shareholders, respectively, for less than 46 days.
Certain distributions reported by the Trust as
Section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as
interest income by Shareholders for purposes of the tax
rules applicable to interest expense limitations under
Section 163(j) of the Code. Such treatment by
Shareholders is generally subject to holding period requirements
and other potential limitations, although the holding period
requirements are generally not applicable to dividends declared by
money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends
daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or more frequent basis.
The amount that the Trust is eligible to report as a
Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally
limited to the excess of the Trust’s business interest income over
the sum of the Trust’s (i) business interest expense and
(ii) other deductions properly allocable to the Trust’s
business interest income.
The IRS currently requires that a RIC that has two or more classes
of stock allocate to each such class proportionate amounts of each
type of its income (such as ordinary income and capital gains)
based upon the percentage of total dividends paid to each class for
the tax year. Accordingly, if the Trust issues Preferred Shares,
the Trust intends each year to allocate capital gain dividends, if
any, between its Common Shares and Preferred Shares in proportion
to the total dividends paid to each class with respect to such tax
year.
In addition to furnishing any other required tax statements, the
Trust intends to report in written notices to Shareholders
regarding the tax status of all distributions made during such
taxable year, the amount qualifying for the dividends received
deduction for corporations and the amount, if any, of undistributed
net capital gains and related tax credits.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
Generally, gain or loss realized upon the sale or exchange of
Shares will be capital gain or loss if the Shares are capital
assets in the shareholder’s hands and generally will be long-term
or short-term, depending upon the Shareholder’s holding period for
the Shares. Investors should be aware that any loss realized upon
the sale or exchange of Shares held for six months or less will be
treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any
distributions or deemed distributions of long-term capital gain to
the Shareholder with respect to such Shares. In addition, any loss
realized on a sale or exchange of Shares will be disallowed to the
extent the Shares disposed of are replaced within a period of 61
days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the Shares
are disposed of, such as pursuant to the Plan. In such case, the
basis of Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss.
Reporting of adjusted cost basis information is required for
covered securities, which generally include shares of a regulated
investment company, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders
should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to
reporting of cost basis and available elections for their
accounts.
Investments of the Trust — General
The application of certain requirements for qualification as a RIC
and the application of certain other federal income tax
rules may be unclear in some respects in connection with
certain investments. As a result, the Trust may be required to
limit the extent to which it invests in such investments, and it is
also possible that the IRS may not agree with the Trust’s treatment
of such investments. In addition, the tax treatment of certain
investments may be affected by future legislation, Treasury
regulations and guidance issued by the IRS (which could apply
retroactively) that could affect the timing, character and amount
of the Trust’s income and gains and distributions to shareholders,
affect whether the Trust has made sufficient distributions
and otherwise satisfied the requirements to
maintain its qualification as a RIC and avoid federal income and
excise taxes or limit the extent to which the Trust may invest in
certain investments in the future.
Certain of the Trust’s investment practices are subject to special
and complex federal income tax provisions that may, among other
things, (1) convert distributions that would otherwise
constitute qualified dividend income into ordinary income taxed at
the higher rate applicable to ordinary income; (2) treat
distributions that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate
dividends received deduction as ineligible for such treatment;
(3) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of
certain losses or deductions; (4) convert long-term capital
gain into short-term capital gain or ordinary income;
(5) convert an ordinary loss or deduction into a capital loss
(the deductibility of which is more limited); (6) cause the
Trust to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt
of cash; (7) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase
or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur;
(8) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex
financial transactions; and (9) produce income that will not
be included in the sources of income from which a RIC must derive
at least 90% of its gross income each year. While it may not always
be successful in doing so, the Trust will seek to avoid or minimize
any adverse tax consequences of its investment practices.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies
The Trust may invest in shares of foreign corporations which may be
classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies
(“PFICs”). In general, a foreign corporation is classified as a
PFIC if at least one-half of its assets produce passive income, or
75% or more of its gross income is passive income. If the Trust
receives a so-called “excess distribution” with respect to PFIC
stock, the Trust itself may be subject to a tax on a portion of the
excess distribution, whether or not the corresponding income is
distributed by the Trust to Shareholders. In general, under the
PFIC rules, an excess distribution is treated as having been
realized ratably over the period during which the Trust held the
PFIC shares. The Trust itself will be subject to tax on the
portion, if any, of an excess distribution that is so allocated to
prior Trust taxable years and an interest factor will be added to
the tax, as if the tax had been payable in such prior taxable
years. Gain from the sale of PFIC shares is treated in the same
manner as an excess distribution. Excess
distributions and gain from the sale of PFIC shares are
characterized as ordinary income even though, absent application of
the PFIC rules, such gains and certain excess distributions might
have been classified as capital gain.
The Trust may elect to mark to market any PFIC shares in lieu of
being subject to U.S. federal income taxation. At the end of each
taxable year to which the election relates, the Trust would report
as ordinary income the amount by which the fair market value of the
PFIC stock exceeds the Trust’s adjusted basis in the stock. Any
mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of
shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any
net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior years. The
effect of the election would be to treat excess distributions and
gain on dispositions as ordinary income which is not subject to a
Trust-level tax when distributed to Shareholders as a dividend.
Alternatively, the Trust may elect to include as income and gain
its share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of certain
PFICs in lieu of being taxed in the manner described above.
Currency Fluctuations — “Section 988” Gains or
Losses
Under the Code, the gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in
exchange rates which occur between the time the Trust accrues
receivables or liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and
the time the Trust actually collects such receivables or pays such
liabilities generally are treated as ordinary income or ordinary
loss. Similarly, on disposition of foreign currency or debt
securities denominated in a foreign currency and on disposition of
certain futures and forward contracts, gains or losses attributable
to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between the date
of acquisition of the currency, security or contract and the date
of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss. These
gains or losses, referred to under the Code as “Section 988”
gains or losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Trust’s
investment company taxable income to be distributed to its
Shareholders as ordinary income.
Hedging Transactions
Certain futures, foreign currency contracts and options in which
the Trust may invest are “section 1256 contracts.” While gains or
losses on section 1256 contracts are considered 60% long-term and
40% short-term capital gains or losses, certain foreign currency
futures and foreign currency contracts may give rise to ordinary
income or loss, as described above. Also, section 1256 contracts
held by the Trust at the end of each taxable year (and, generally,
for purposes of the 4% excise tax, on October 31 of each year)
are “marked-to-market” with the result that unrealized gains or
losses are treated as though they were realized.
Generally, the hedging transactions undertaken by the Trust
(including certain covered call options) may result in “straddles”
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The straddle rules may
affect the character of gains (or losses) realized by the Trust. In
addition, losses realized by the Trust on positions that are part
of a straddle may be deferred under the straddle rules, rather than
being taken into account in calculating the taxable income for the
taxable year in which the losses are realized. Because only a few
regulations implementing the straddle rules have been
promulgated, the tax consequences to the Trust of engaging in
hedging transactions are not entirely clear.
The Trust may make one or more of the elections available under the
Code which are applicable to straddles. If the Trust makes any of
the elections, the amount, character and timing of the recognition
of gains or losses from the affected straddle positions will be
determined under the rules that vary according to the
election(s) made. The rules applicable under certain of
the elections may operate to accelerate the recognition of gains or
losses from the affected straddle positions.
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, the Trust may recognize gain
(but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain “appreciated
financial positions” if the Trust enters into a short sale,
offsetting notional principal contract, futures or forward contract
transaction with respect to the appreciated position or
substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions
subject to this constructive sale treatment are interests
(including options, futures and forward contracts and short sales)
in stock, partnership interests, certain actively traded trust
instruments and certain debt instruments. Constructive sale
treatment does not apply to certain transactions closed before the
end of the thirtieth day after the close of the taxable year, if
certain conditions are met.
High Yield Debt Investments
Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default
present tax issues for the Trust. Tax rules are not entirely
clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Trust
should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, when the
Trust may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or
market discount, when and to what extent the Trust may take
deductions for bad debts or worthless securities and how the Trust
should allocate payments received on obligations in default between
principal and income.
These and other related issues will be addressed by the Trust in
order to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve
its status as a RIC.
REITs
The Trust may invest in REITs. Investments in REIT equity
securities may require the Trust to accrue and distribute income
not yet received. In order to generate sufficient cash to make the
requisite distributions, the Trust may be required to sell
securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous
to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. The
Trust’s investments in REIT equity securities may at other times
result in the Trust’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s
earnings; if the Trust distributes such amounts, such distribution
could constitute a return of capital to Trust shareholders for
federal income tax purposes. Dividends received by the Trust from a
REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Under applicable Treasury regulations, properly reported dividends
paid by the Trust that are attributable to the Trust’s “qualified
REIT dividends” (generally, ordinary income dividends paid by a
REIT, not including capital gain dividends or dividends treated as
qualified dividend income) may be eligible for the 20% deduction
described in Section 199A of the Code in the case of
non-corporate U.S. Shareholders, provided that certain holding
period and other requirements are met by the Shareholder and the
Trust. There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Trust’s
distributions will qualify for such deduction.
Foreign Withholding Taxes
Income received by the Trust from non-U.S. sources may be subject
to withholding and other taxes imposed by other countries. Because
it is not expected that more than 50% of the value of the Trust’s
total assets at the close of its taxable year will consist of stock
and securities of non-U.S. corporations, it is not expected that
the Trust will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the
Trust’s Shareholders the amount of foreign income and similar taxes
paid by the Trust. In the absence of such an election, the foreign
taxes paid by the Trust will reduce its investment company taxable
income, and distributions of investment company taxable income
received by the Trust from non-U.S. sources will be treated as U.S.
source income.
Medicare Tax
A Shareholder that is an individual or estate, or a trust that does
not fall into a special class of trusts that is exempt from such
tax, will generally be subject to a 3.8% tax on the lesser of
(i) the Shareholder’s “net investment income” (or
“undistributed net investment income” for an estate or trust) for a
taxable year and (ii) the excess of the Shareholder’s modified
adjusted gross income for such taxable year, over a certain
threshold, which for individuals is $200,000 in the case of single
filers ($250,000 in the case of joint filers). For these purposes,
“net investment income” will generally include taxable
distributions and deemed distributions paid with respect to Shares
and net gain attributable to the disposition of Shares (in each
case, unless such Shares are held in connection with certain trades
or businesses), but will be reduced by any deductions properly
allocable to such distributions or net gain.
Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations
Under applicable Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes
a loss with respect to Shares of $2 million or more for a
non-corporate Shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate
Shareholder in any single taxable year (or a greater loss over a
combination of years), the Shareholder must file with the IRS a
disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of
portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting
requirement, but, under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are
not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from
this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The
fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not
affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment
of the loss is proper. Significant monetary penalties apply to a
failure to comply with this reporting requirement. States may also
have a similar reporting requirement. Shareholder should consult
their own tax advisers to determine the applicability of these
Treasury regulations in light of their individual
circumstances.
Backup Withholding
The Trust (or applicable withholding agent) may be required to
withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 24% of all taxable
distributions payable to Shareholders who fail to provide the Trust
with their correct taxpayer identification number or to make
required certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that
they are subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is
not
an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against a
shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. Certain persons
are exempt from the backup withholding requirements. Questions
relating to backup withholding should be directed to your tax
adviser.
Foreign Shareholders
U.S. taxation of a shareholder who, as to the U.S., is a
non-resident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate, a foreign
corporation or foreign partnership (“Foreign Shareholder”) depends
on whether the income from the Trust is “effectively connected”
with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder.
As a RIC is a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, its
business activities generally will not be attributed to its
shareholders for purposes of determining their treatment under
current law. Therefore, a foreign shareholder should not be
considered to earn income “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade
or business solely as a result of activities conducted by the
Fund.
If the income from the Trust is not “effectively connected” with a
U.S. trade or business carried on by the Foreign Shareholder,
distributions of investment company taxable income will be subject
to a U.S. tax of 30% (or lower treaty rate), which tax is generally
withheld from such distributions.
Distributions of capital gain dividends and amounts retained by the
Trust which are designated as undistributed capital gains will not
be subject to U.S. tax at the rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate)
unless the Foreign Shareholder is a non-resident alien individual
and is physically present in the U.S. for more than 182 days during
the taxable year and meets certain other requirements. However,
this 30% tax on capital gains of non-resident alien individuals who
are physically present in the U.S. for more than the 182-day period
only applies in exceptional cases, because any individual present
in the U.S. for more than 182 days during the taxable year is
generally treated as a resident for U.S. federal income tax
purposes; in that case, he or she would be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on his or her worldwide income at the graduated rates
applicable to U.S. citizens, rather than the 30% U.S. tax. In the
case of a Foreign Shareholder who is a nonresident alien
individual, the Trust may be required to withhold U.S. federal
income tax at a rate of 24% of distributions of net capital gains
unless the Foreign Shareholder certifies his or her non-U.S. status
under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption.
See “Backup Withholding” above. If a Foreign Shareholder is a
non-resident alien individual, any gain such shareholder realizes
upon the sale or exchange of such shareholder’s Shares of the Trust
in the U.S. will ordinarily be exempt from U.S. tax unless such
shareholder is physically present in the U.S. for more than 182
days during the taxable year and meets certain other
requirements.
Two categories of dividends, however, “short-term capital gain
dividends” and “interest-related dividends,” if reported by the
Trust in writing to its shareholders, will be exempt from that tax.
“Short-term capital gain dividends” are dividends that are
attributable to net short-term capital gain, computed with certain
adjustments. “Interest-related dividends” are dividends that are
attributable to “qualified net interest income” (i.e., “qualified
interest income,” which generally consists of certain original
issue discount, interest on obligations “in registered form,” and
interest on deposits, less allocable deductions) from sources
within the United States. Depending on the circumstances, the Trust
may report all, some or none of the Trust’s potentially eligible
dividends as eligible for exemption from withholding tax, and a
portion of the Trust’s distributions (e.g. interest and dividends
from non-U.S. sources or any non-U.S. currency gains) would be
ineligible for such exemption. In the case of shares held through
an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold on a payment even if
the Trust reports the payment as eligible for the exemption from
withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from
withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder must have provided appropriate
withholding certificates (e.g., an executed W-8BEN, etc.)
certifying foreign status.
If the income from the Trust is “effectively connected” with a U.S.
trade or business carried on by a Foreign Shareholder, then
distributions of investment company taxable income and capital gain
dividends, amounts retained by the Trust which are designated as
undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or
exchange of Shares of the Trust will be subject to U.S. federal
income tax at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens,
residents and domestic corporations. Such Foreign Shareholders that
are corporations may also be subject to the branch profits tax
imposed by the Code.
Withholding of U.S. tax is required (at a 30% rate) on payments of
taxable dividends paid to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to
comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and
withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of
the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts.
Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to
enable the applicable withholding agent to determine whether
withholding is required.
The tax consequences to a Foreign Shareholder entitled to claim the
benefits of an applicable tax treaty may be different from those
described herein. Foreign Shareholders may also be subject to U.S.
estate tax with respect to their Trust shares. Foreign Shareholders
are advised to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the
particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the
Trust.
Other Taxes
Distributions may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxes
and/or the alternative minimum tax depending on each Shareholder’s
particular situation. Shareholders should consult their own tax
advisers with respect to their particular situation.
ADMINISTRATOR,
CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AGENT, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT AND
REGISTRAR
The Trust’s securities and cash are held under a custodian contract
by State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Custodian”), whose
principal business address is One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111.
Rules adopted under the Investment Company Act permit the
Trust to maintain its securities and cash in the custody of certain
eligible banks and securities depositories. Pursuant to those
Rules, the Trust’s portfolio of securities and cash, when invested
in
Foreign Securities, will be held by sub-custodians who have been
approved by the Board in accordance with the rules and
regulations of the Commission following consideration of a number
of factors, including, but not limited to, the relationship of the
institution with the Custodian, the reliability and financial
stability of the institution, the ability of the institution to
perform capably custodial services for the Trust, the reputation of
the institution in its national market, the political and economic
stability of the countries in which the sub-custodians will be
located and the risks of potential nationalization or expropriation
of Trust assets. The Custodian also performs certain accounting
related functions for the Trust, including calculation of NAV and
net income.
State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Administrator”) also
serves as administrator to the Trust pursuant to an Administration
Agreement. Under the Administration Agreement the Trust’s assets
are combined with assets of HQH, HQL and THW. The combined assets
are charged a fee computed and payable monthly at an annual rate of
(i) 3.4% of the first $150 million; (ii) 2.4% of the next
$150 million; and (iii) 1.4% on assets in excess of $300
million, subject to annual minimum fee of $77,500. The
Administrative Agreement covers administrative costs, including
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the ordinary course of providing
services under the Administration Agreement.
Computershare Inc. serves as Dividend Disbursing Agent for the
Trust. Computershare Trust Company, N.A., a fully owned subsidiary
of Computershare Inc., serves as (1) the Plan Agent for the
Trust’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan and (2) the Transfer Agent
and Registrar for Shares of the Trust. Computershare Trust Company,
N.A. and Computershare Inc. have their principal business at 150
Royall Street, Canton, MA 02021.
INCORPORATION BY
REFERENCE
This SAI is part of a registration statement filed with the SEC.
Pursuant to the final rule and form amendments adopted by the
SEC on April 8, 2020 to implement certain provisions of the
Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act,
the Trust may “incorporate by reference” the information that it
files with the SEC, which means that the Trust can disclose
important information by referring to those documents. The
information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of
this SAI, and later information that the Trust files with the SEC
will automatically update and supersede this information.
The documents listed below, and any reports and other documents
subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to
Rule 30(b)(2) under the 1940 Act and Sections 13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the
termination of this offering, are incorporated by reference into
this Prospectus and deemed to be part of this registration
statement from the date of the filing of such reports and
documents:
|
● |
the Trust’s Prospectus, dated [●], 2022, filed with this SAI; |
|
● |
the Trust’s definitive Proxy
Statement, dated April 18, 2022, filed on April 12,
2022; |
|
● |
the Trust’s annual report on
Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021,
filed with the SEC on December 3, 2021; |
|
● |
the Trust’s semi-annual report on Form N-CSR for the fiscal
period ended March 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on
June 3, 2022; |
The Trust will provide without charge to each person, including any
beneficial owner, to whom this SAI is delivered, upon written or
oral request, a copy of any and all of the documents that have been
or may be incorporated by reference in this SAI.
You should direct requests for documents by calling the Investment
Adviser at (617) 772-8500 or by writing to the Trust at c/o Tekla
Capital Management LLC, 100 Federal Street, 19th Floor Boston, MA
02110. The Trust makes available this SAI, Prospectus and the
Trust’s annual and semi-annual reports, free of charge, on the
Trust’s website (www.teklacap.com). You may also obtain this SAI,
the Prospectus, other documents incorporated by reference and other
information the Trust files electronically, including reports and
proxy statements, on the SEC website (http://www.sec.gov) or with
the payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at
publicinfo@sec.gov. Information contained in, or that can be
accessed through, the Trust’s website is not incorporated by
reference into this SAI and should not be considered to be part of
this SAI.
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
The Trust’s audited financial statements
as of and for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021,
together with the report thereon of Deloitte & Touche LLP, an
independent registered public accounting firm, given on the
authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting, are
incorporated in this SAI by reference to the Trust’s
September 30, 2021 Annual Report to Shareholders, including
the Schedule of Investments, the Statement of Assets and
Liabilities, the Statement of Operations, the Statement of Changes
in Net Assets, the Statement of Cash Flows and the five-year
Financial Highlights. The Trust’s unaudited financial statements as
of and for the six-month period ended March 31, 2022 are also
incorporated in this SAI by reference to the Trust’s March 31,
2022 Semi-Annual Report to Shareholders. A copy of the Trust’s 2021
Annual Report to Shareholders and the Trust’s 2022 Semi-Annual
Report to Shareholders are available at the SEC’s website
(www.sec.gov).
Copies may also be obtained free of charge upon request from the
Trust at (617) 772-8500.
APPENDIX
A
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
AND PROCEDURES
Policy
The following are the policies and procedures adopted and
implemented by Tekla Capital Management LLC (“TCM”) for voting
proxies with respect to portfolio securities held by Tekla
Healthcare Investors, Tekla Life Sciences Investors, Tekla
Healthcare Opportunities Fund, and Tekla World Healthcare Fund
(each a “Fund” and together the “Funds”). The policies and
procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted
in the best interest of the Funds and the Funds’ shareholders, in
accordance with TCM’s fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Investment Advisers
Act”). TCM considers the “best interests” of the Funds and their
shareholders to mean their best long-term economic interests.
TCM shall vote proxies for the exclusive benefit, and in the best
economic interest, of the Funds and their shareholders. Such
exercise of voting rights shall be subject to the same standard of
care as is generally applicable to TCM’s performance of its duties,
as set forth in the advisory agreements with the Funds. The
policies and procedures contained herein are designed to be
guidelines, however each vote is ultimately cast on a case-by-case
basis, taking into consideration the relevant facts and
circumstances at the time of the vote. Any material conflicts that
may arise will be resolved in the best interests of the Funds and
their shareholders.
A proxy committee has been designated and is responsible for
administering and overseeing the proxy voting process. The
committee consists of the President of TCM, TCM’s Chief Compliance
Officer (“CCO”), and the analyst responsible for oversight of the
company that is the subject of the proxy. The committee considers
proxy questions and determines the vote on behalf of the Funds.
Procedures
Logistics
TCM’s CCO shall be responsible for maintaining the proxy log,
monitoring corporate actions and confirming the timely voting of
proxies. The proxy log shall contain the following information, in
accordance with Form N-PX:
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the name of the issuer; |
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the exchange ticker symbol, if
available; |
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● |
the CUSIP number, if
available; |
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● |
the shareholder meeting date; |
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● |
a brief identification of the
matter voted on; |
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● |
whether the matter was proposed by
the issuer or a security holder; |
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● |
whether TCM cast its vote on the
matter; |
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● |
how TCM cast its vote on the matter
(for, against, abstain; for or withhold regarding the election of
directors); and |
|
● |
whether TCM cast its vote for or
against management. |
TCM’s CCO shall also record whether any conflicts of interest have
been identified and, if so, what action was taken to resolve the
conflict with respect to each vote cast and each abstention.
Substantive Voting Decisions
TCM’s substantive voting decisions turn on the particular facts and
circumstances of each proxy vote. The following is a list of common
proxy vote issues and TCM’s standard considerations when
determining how to vote such proxies.
Routine Matters/Corporate Administrative Items. After an
initial review, TCM generally votes with management on routine
matters related to the operation of the issuer that are not
expected to have a significant economic impact on the issuer and/or
its shareholders.
Potential for Major Economic Impact. TCM may review and
analyze on a case-by-case basis, non-routine proposals that are
more likely to affect the structure and operation of the issuer and
to have a greater impact on the value of the investment.
Corporate Governance. TCM may review and consider corporate
governance issues related to proxy matters and generally supports
proposals that foster good corporate governance practices.
Special Interest Issues. TCM may consider: (i) the
long-term benefit to shareholders of promoting corporate
accountability and responsibility on social issues;
(ii) management’s responsibility with respect to special
interest issues; (iii) any economic costs and restrictions on
management; and (iv) the responsibility of TCM to vote proxies
for the greatest long-term shareholder value.
Limitations on Director Tenure and Retirement. TCM may
consider: (i) a reasonable retirement age for directors,
e.g. 70 or 72; (ii) the introduction of new
perspectives on the board; and (iii) the arbitrary nature of
such limitations and the possibility of detracting from the board’s
stability and continuity.
Directors’ Minimum Stock Ownership. TCM may consider:
(i) the benefits of additional vested interest; (ii) the
ability of a director to serve a company well regardless of the
extent of his or her share ownership; and (iii) the impact of
limiting the number of persons qualified to be directors.
D&O Indemnification and Liability Protection. TCM may
consider: (i) indemnifying directors for acts conducted in the
normal course of business; (ii) limiting liability for
monetary damages for violating the duty of care;
(iii) expanding coverage beyond legal expenses to acts that
represent more serious violations of fiduciary obligation than
carelessness (e.g. negligence); and (iv) providing
expanded coverage in cases when a director’s legal defense was
unsuccessful if the director was found to have acted in good faith
and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed was in the best
interests of the issuer.
Director Nominations in Contested Elections. TCM may
consider: (i) long-term financial performance of the issuer
relative to its industry; (ii) management’s track record;
(iii) background to proxy contest; (iv) qualifications of
both slates of nominees; (v) evaluations of what each side is
offering shareholders as well as the likelihood that the proposed
objectives and goals can be met; and (vi) stock ownership
positions.
Cumulative Voting. TCM may consider: (i) the ability of
significant stockholders to elect a director of their choosing;
(ii) the ability of minority shareholders to concentrate their
support in favor of a director or directors of their choosing; and
(iii) the potential to limit the ability of directors to work
for all shareholders.
Classified Boards. TCM may consider: (i) providing
continuity; (ii) promoting long-term planning; and
(iii) guarding against unwanted takeovers.
Poison Pills. TCM may consider: (i) TCM’s position on
supporting proposals to require a shareholder vote on other
shareholder rights plans; (ii) ratifying or redeeming a poison
pill in the interest of protecting the value of the issuer; and
(iii) other alternatives to prevent a takeover at a price
demonstrably below the true value of the issuer.
Fair Price Provisions. TCM may consider: (i) the vote
required to approve the proposed acquisition; (ii) the vote
required to repeal the fair price provision; (iii) the
mechanism for determining fair price; and (iv) whether these
provisions are bundled with other antitakeover measures
(e.g., supermajority voting requirements) that may entrench
management and discourage attractive tender offers.
Equal Access. TCM may consider: (i) the opportunity for
significant shareholders of the issuer to evaluate and propose
voting recommendations on proxy proposals and director nominees,
and to nominate candidates to the board; and (ii) the added
complexity and burden.
Charitable Contributions. TCM may consider: (i) the
potential benefits to shareholders; (ii) the potential to
detract the issuer’s resources from more direct uses of increasing
shareholder value; and (iii) the responsibility of
shareholders to make individual contributions.
Stock Authorizations: TCM may consider: (i) the need
for the increase; (ii) the percentage increase with respect to
the existing authorization; (iii) voting rights of the stock;
and (iv) overall capitalization structures.
Preferred Stock. TCM may consider: (i) whether the new
class of preferred stock has unspecified voting, conversion,
dividend distribution, and other rights; (ii) whether the
issuer expressly states that the stock will not be used as a
takeover defense or carry superior voting rights;
(iii) whether the issuer specifies the voting, dividend,
conversion, and other rights of such stock and the terms of the
preferred stock appear reasonable; and (iv) whether the stated
purpose is to raise capital or make acquisitions in the normal
course of business.
Director Compensation. TCM may consider: (i) whether
director shares are at the same market risk as those of the
shareholders; and (ii) how option programs for outside
directors compare with the standards of internal programs.
Golden and Tin Parachutes. TCM may consider:
(i) whether they will be submitted for shareholder approval;
and (ii) the employees covered by the plan and the quality of
management.
Compensation. TCM may consider: (i) Whether the company
has an independent compensation committee; (ii) whether the
compensation committee engaged independent consultants;
(iii) whether the compensation committee has lapsed or waived
equity vesting restrictions; and (iv) whether the company has
adopted or extended a Golden Parachute without shareholder
approval. TCM will generally support annual advisory votes on
executive compensation.
Limitations
TCM may abstain from voting a proxy if it concludes that the effect
on shareholders’ economic interests or the value of the portfolio
holding is indeterminable or insignificant. TCM may abstain from
voting a proxy if it concludes that the cost of voting is
disproportionate to the economic impact the vote would have on the
portfolio holdings. With respect to certain privately held
companies, TCM may not have the opportunity to vote or may have a
limitation on its ability to vote. For example, in certain cases a
company may be permitted by its charter or other governing
documents to take action without a shareholder meeting and with
written consent of fewer than all shareholders.
Conflicts of Interest
The Proxy Committee identifies any potential conflicts of interest.
Each potential conflict must be addressed in a manner which will be
in the best interest of the Funds and their shareholders. If any
potential conflict is identified the Proxy Committee consults with
the Funds’ counsel. Where conflicts of interest arise between
clients and TCM, TCM may convene an ad-hoc committee to debate the
conflict and to give a ruling on a preferred course of action. If
the ad-hoc committee determines that TCM has a conflict of interest
in any instance, TCM’s CCO shall disclose the conflict to the Board
and seek voting instructions.
TCM may cause the proxies to be voted in accordance with the
recommendations of an independent third party service provider that
TCM may use to assist in voting proxies.
Disclosure
The following disclosure shall be provided in connection with these
policies and procedures:
|
● |
TCM shall provide a description or
a copy of these policies and procedures to the Boards of Trustees
of the Funds annually and upon request. |
|
● |
TCM shall make available to the
Funds its proxy voting records, for inclusion on the Funds’
Form N-PX. |
|
● |
TCM shall include its proxy voting
policies and procedures in its annual filing on
Form N-CSR. |
|
● |
TCM shall cause the Funds’
shareholder reports to include a statement that a copy of these
policies and procedures is available upon request (i) by
calling a toll-free number; (ii) on the Funds’ website, (if
the Funds choose); and (iii) on the SEC’s website. |
|
● |
TCM shall cause the Funds’ annual
and semi-annual reports to include a statement that information is
available regarding how the Funds voted proxies during the most
recent twelve-month period (i) without charge, upon request,
either by calling a toll-free number or on or through the Funds’
website, or both; and (ii) on the SEC’s website. |
Recordkeeping
TCM shall maintain records of proxies voted in accordance with
Section 204-2 of the Advisers Act, including proxy statements,
a record of each vote cast, and a copy of any document created by
TCM that was material to making a decision of how to vote the
proxy, or that memorializes the basis for TCM’s decision on how to
vote the proxy. TCM shall also maintain a copy of its policies and
procedures and each written request from a client for proxy voting
records and TCM’s written response to any client request, either
written or oral, for such records. Proxy statements that are filed
on EDGAR shall be considered maintained by TCM. All such records
shall be maintained for a period of five years in an easily
accessible place, the first two year in the offices of TCM.
PART C: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 25. Financial Statements and Exhibits
1. |
Financial Statements (incorporated by
reference to Form N-CSR filed on December 3, 2021): |
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|
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(i) |
Schedule
of Investments as of September 30, 2021 |
|
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|
|
(ii) |
Statement
of Assets and Liabilities as of September 30, 2021 |
|
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|
|
(iii) |
Statement
of Operations for the year ended September 30, 2021 |
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|
|
(iv) |
Statement
of Changes in Net Assets for the years ended September 30, 2021 and
September 30, 2020 |
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|
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(v) |
Statement
of Cash Flows for the year ended September 30, 2021 |
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(vi) |
Financial
Highlights |
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|
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(vii) |
Notes
to Financial Statements |
|
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|
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(viii) |
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accountants dated November 19,
2021 |
|
|
|
|
Unaudited Financial Statements for
the six-month period ended March 31, 2022 (incorporated by
reference to Form N-CSRS filed on June 3, 2022). |
|
a. |
(i) |
Amended and Restated Declaration of
Trust of the Registrant, dated as of May 18,
2015(1) |
|
|
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|
|
(ii) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
December 20, 2017(4) |
|
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(iii) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
December 13, 2018(5) |
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(iv) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
June 20, 2019(6) |
|
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|
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(v) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
August 27, 2020(8) |
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(vi) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
June 16, 2021(13) |
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(vii) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
December 13, 2021(14) |
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(viii) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
June 16, 2022 (15) |
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(ix) |
Notice of Change of Trustee dated
July 14, 2022 (16) |
|
(1) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 28, 2015. |
|
(2) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 22, 2015. |
|
(3) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 24, 2015. |
|
(4) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on April 18, 2018. |
|
(5) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on March 12, 2019. |
|
(6) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2019. |
|
(7) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 19, 2017. |
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(8) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 10, 2020. |
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(9) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2, File no. 333-202638 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on January 5, 2021. |
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(10) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2, File no. 333-251975 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on January 8, 2021. |
|
(11) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-251975 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on February 19, 2021. |
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(12) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-251975 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2021. |
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(13) |
Incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement on
Form N-2/A, File no. 333-251975 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2021. |
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(14) |
Incorporated by reference from the
Registration Statement on Form N-2/A, File no. 333-251975 and
811-23037, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
December 22, 2021. |
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(15) |
Incorporated by reference from the
Registration Statement on Form N-2/A, File no. 333-251975 and
811-23037, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
July 1, 2022. |
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(16) |
Incorporated by reference from the
Registration Statement on Form N-2/A, File no. 333-251975 and
811-23037, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
July 29, 2022. |
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(17) |
Incorporated
by reference from the Registration Statement on Form N-2, File no.
333-267555 and 811-23037, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 22, 2022. |
Item 26. Marketing Arrangements
Not Applicable
Item 27. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the estimated expenses expected to
be incurred in connection with the offering described in this
Registration Statement:
Legal Fees and Expenses |
$ |
180,000 |
Auditing Fees and Expenses |
$ |
16,500 |
FINRA Fees |
$ |
23,000 |
Securities and Exchange Commission Filing Fees |
$ |
13,905 |
Miscellaneous |
$ |
35,000 |
Total |
$ |
268,405 |
Item 28. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with
Registrant
Not Applicable
Item 29. Number of Holders of Securities
As of September 15, 2022, the number of record holders of each
class of securities of Registrant was as follows:
Title of
Class |
|
Number of
Record Holders |
|
|
|
Shares of beneficial interest, $.01 par value |
|
2 |
Item 30. Indemnification
Under Article V of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated
Declaration of Trust dated May 18, 2015, as amended, any past
or present Trustee or officer of Registrant will be indemnified by
the Registrant to the fullest extent permitted by law against
liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred by him in
connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he
becomes involved as a party or otherwise by reason of his being or
having been a Trustee or officer of Registrant, and against amounts
paid and incurred by him in the settlement thereof. This provision
does not authorize indemnification when it is determined, in the
manner specified in the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust,
that the Trustee or officer would otherwise be liable to Registrant
or its shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence or reckless disregard of his duties. Expenses of a
Trustee or officer may be paid by Registrant in advance of the
final disposition of any claim, action, suit or proceeding upon
receipt of an undertaking by the Trustee or officer to repay the
expenses to Registrant in the event that it is ultimately
determined that indemnification of the Trustee or officer is not
authorized under the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust.
The Registrant will purchase insurance insuring its Trustees and
officers against certain liabilities incurred in their capacity as
such, and insuring the Registrant against any payments which it is
obligated to make to such persons under the foregoing
indemnification provisions.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”), may be permitted
to Trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant
pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant
has been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and
Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy
as expressed in the 1933 Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In
the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or
paid by a Trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is
asserted by such Trustee, officer or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant
will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been
settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be
governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Under the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and
Tekla Capital Management LLC (the “Investment Adviser”) dated [ ],
the Registrant has agreed to certain limitations on the liability
of the Investment Adviser and has agreed to provide certain
indemnification. Section 9 of the Investment Advisory
Agreement provides as follows:
The Investment Adviser shall not be held responsible for any loss
incurred by any act or omission of any broker. The Investment
Adviser also shall not be liable to the Fund or to any shareholder
of the Fund for any error or judgment or for any loss suffered by
the Fund in connection with rendering services hereunder except
(a) a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with
respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case
any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount
set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the [Investment Company
Act of 1940]) or (b) a loss resulting from willful
misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the
Investment Adviser, or reckless disregard of its obligations and
duties hereunder. Subject to the foregoing, the Fund also shall
indemnify the Investment Adviser, and any officer, director and
employee thereof to the maximum extent permitted by Article V
of the Fund’s Declaration of Trust.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment
Adviser
Tekla Capital Management LLC was organized in June 2002 for
the purpose of providing investment advisory services to Tekla
Healthcare Investors and Tekla Life Sciences Investors (formerly
H&Q Healthcare Investors and H&Q Life Sciences Investors,
respectively) (File Nos. 811-04889 and 811-06565). Reference is
made to “Trustees and Officers” in the Statement of Additional
Information and to Schedule A of Part 1 of Form ADV,
Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration, as amended
from time to time, (File No. 801-61018) filed with the
Commission for information concerning the business and other
connections of Daniel R. Omstead, Ph.D., Trustee and President of
the Trust and President and CEO of the Investment Adviser.
Item 32. Location of Accounts and Records
Records are located at:
|
1. |
Tekla Capital Management LLC
100 Federal Street, 19th Floor
Boston, MA 02110 |
(Registrant’s corporate records and records relating to its
function as Investment Adviser to Registrant)
|
2. |
State Street Bank and Trust Company
One Lincoln Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02111 |
(Records relating to its function as Custodian to Registrant; and
most of Registrant’s accounting and all records relating to its
function as Registrant’s accounting agent)
|
3. |
Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
250 Royall Street
Canton, MA 02021 |
(Records relating to its function as Registrar and Transfer Agent
to Registrant)
|
4. |
Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
250 Royall Street
Canton, MA 02021 |
(Records relating to its function as Dividend Disbursing Agent to
Registrant)
Item 33. Management Service
Not Applicable.
Item 34. Undertakings.
|
3. |
Registrant undertakes: |
|
(a) |
to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being
made, a post-effective amendment to the Registration
Statement: |
|
(1) |
to include any prospectus required by
Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; |
|
(2) |
to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the
effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set
forth in the Registration Statement; |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume
of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities
offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any
deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum
offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the
aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no
more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set
forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the
effective registration statement.
|
(3) |
to include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement
or any material change to such information in the Registration
Statement; |
Provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2), and
(a)(3) of this section do not apply to the extent the
information required to be included in a post-effective amendment
by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished
to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or
Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated
by reference into the registration statement, or is contained in a
form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is
part of the registration statement.
|
(b) |
that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed
to be a new registration statement relating to the securities
offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time
shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; |
|
(c) |
to remove from registration by means of a post-effective
amendment any of the securities being registered which remain
unsold at the termination of the offering; |
|
(d) |
that, for the purpose of determining liability under the
Securities Act to any purchaser: |
|
(1) |
if the Registrant is relying on
Rule 430B under the Securities Act: |
|
(A) |
Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to
Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the
registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was
deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and |
|
(B) |
Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to
Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a
registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an
offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (x), or
(xi) for the purpose of providing the information required by
Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be
part of and included in the registration statement as of the
earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after
effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of
securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided
in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any
person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be
deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement
relating to the securities in the registration statement to which
that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at
that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a
registration statement or prospectus that is part of the
registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed
incorporated by reference into the registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a
purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective
date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the
registration statement or prospectus that was part of the
registration statement or made in any such document immediately
prior to such effective date; or |
|
(2) |
that, for the purpose of determining liability under the
Securities Act to any purchaser, if the Registrant is subject to
Rule 430C under the Securities Act: Each prospectus filed
pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part
of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than
registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than
prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the
Securities Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the
registration statement as of the date it is first used after
effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a
registration statement or prospectus that is part of the
registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed
incorporated by reference into the registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a
purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use,
supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration
statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement
or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of
first use; |
|
(e) |
that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant
under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial
distribution of securities: |
The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of
securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this
registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used
to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are
offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following
communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the
purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities
to the purchaser:
|
(1) |
any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned
Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant
to Rule 424 under the Securities Act; |
|
(2) |
free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or
on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by
the undersigned Registrant; |
|
(3) |
the portion of any other free writing prospectus or
advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act
relating to the offering containing material information about the
undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf
of the undersigned Registrant; and |
|
(4) |
any other communication that is an offer in the offering made
by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser. |
|
4. |
Registrant undertakes that: |
|
(a) |
for the purpose of determining any liability under Securities
Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus
filed as part of the Registration Statement in reliance upon
Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the
Registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) under the Securities Act
of 1933 shall be deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement
as of the time it was declared effective; and |
|
(b) |
for the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form
of prospectus will be deemed to be a new Registration Statement
relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of
such securities at that time will be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof. |
|
5. |
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes
of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing
of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to
Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that is incorporated by reference
into the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein,
and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to
be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
|
6. |
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and
controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing
provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in
the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by
the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer
or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense
of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director,
officer or controlling person in connection with the securities
being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its
counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether
such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in
the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such
issue. |
|
7. |
The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other
means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two
business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any
Statement of Additional Information. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the
Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement on
Form N-2 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Boston and Commonwealth
of Massachusetts on the 10th day of November, 2022.
|
TEKLA WORLD HEALTHCARE
FUND |
|
By: |
/s/ Daniel R. Omstead |
|
|
|
President |
|
President Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of
1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Daniel R. Omstead |
|
Trustee
and President |
|
November 10, 2022 |
Daniel
R. Omstead |
|
(Principal Executive
Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Laura Woodward |
|
Treasurer |
|
November 10, 2022 |
Laura
Woodward |
|
(Principal Financial
Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Jeffrey A. Bailey* |
|
Trustee |
|
November 10, 2022 |
Jeffrey
A. Bailey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Kathleen L. Goetz* |
|
Trustee |
|
November 10, 2022 |
Kathleen L. Goetz |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Rakesh K. Jain* |
|
Trustee |
|
November 10, 2022 |
Rakesh
K. Jain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Thomas M. Kent* |
|
Trustee |
|
November 10, 2022 |
Thomas
M. Kent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
W. Mark Watson* |
|
Trustee |
|
November 10, 2022 |
W. Mark Watson |
|
|
|
|
*By: Daniel R. Omstead, as attorney
in-fact of each person so indicated and pursuant to the powers of
attorney, incorporated by reference from the Registration Statement
on Form N-2, File no. 333-267555 and 811-23037, as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 22,
2022.
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