JPM-C JP Morgan Chase and Co

 

The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to completion dated March 24, 2023

March     , 2023

Registration Statement Nos. 333-236659 and 333-236659-01; Rule 424(b)(2)

 

Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement, “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-10 of the accompanying product supplement, “Risk Factors” beginning on page US-3 of the accompanying underlying supplement and “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page PS-4 of this pricing supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement, underlying supplement, prospectus supplement and prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

	Price to Public (1)	Fees and Commissions (2)	Proceeds to Issuer
Per note	$1,000	$	$
Total	$	$	$
(1) See “Supplemental Use of Proceeds” in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the notes. (2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling commissions it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers. In no event will these selling commissions exceed $12.50 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.

If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $980.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement and will not be less than $960.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement for additional information.

The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

 

Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 3-II dated November 4, 2020, underlying supplement no. 1-II dated November 4, 2020
and the prospectus and prospectus supplement, each dated April 8, 2020

Key Terms

Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, an indirect, wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co. Fund: The SPDR® Gold Trust (Bloomberg ticker: GLD) Participation Rate: 100.00% Knock-Out Percentage: At least 18.00% (to be provided in the pricing supplement) Fixed Amount: $50.00 per $1,000 principal amount note Pricing Date: On or about March 27, 2023 Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about March 30, 2023 Observation Date*: March 27, 2024 Maturity Date*: April 2, 2024 * Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event and as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Determination Date — Notes Linked to a Single Underlying — Notes Linked to a Single Underlying (Other Than a Commodity Index)” and “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Payment Date” in the accompanying product supplement

Payment at Maturity: At maturity, you will receive a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal amount note, of $1,000 plus the Additional Amount, which may be zero. You are entitled to repayment of principal in full at maturity, subject to the credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co. Additional Amount: The Additional Amount payable at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note will equal: (i)       if a Knock-Out Event has not occurred: $1,000 × the Fund Return × the Participation Rate, provided that the Additional Amount will not be less than zero; or (ii)       if a Knock-Out Event has occurred: the Fixed Amount. Knock-Out Event: A Knock-Out Event occurs if, on any day during the Monitoring Period, the closing price of one share of the Fund is greater than the Initial Value by more than the Knock-Out Percentage. Monitoring Period: The period from but excluding the Pricing Date to and including the Observation Date Fund Return: (Final Value – Initial Value) Initial Value Initial Value: The closing price of one share of the Fund on the Pricing Date Final Value: The closing price of one share of the Fund on the Observation Date

 

Supplemental Terms of the Notes

The notes are not commodity futures contracts or swaps and are not regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936, as amended (the “Commodity Exchange Act”).  The notes are offered pursuant to an exemption from regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act, commonly known as the hybrid instrument exemption, that is available to securities that have one or more payments indexed to the value, level or rate of one or more commodities, as set out in section 2(f) of that statute. Accordingly, you are not afforded any protection provided by the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulation promulgated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

Hypothetical Payout Profile

The following table illustrates the hypothetical payment at maturity on the notes linked to a hypothetical Fund. The hypothetical payments set forth below assume the following:

·

an Initial Value of 100.00;

·

a Participation Rate of 100.00%;

·

a Knock-Out Percentage of 18.00%; and

·

a Fixed Amount of $50.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

The hypothetical Initial Value of $100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not represent a likely actual Initial Value. The actual Initial Value will be the closing price of one share of the Fund on the Pricing Date and will be provided in the pricing supplement. For historical data regarding the actual closing prices of one share of the Fund, please see the historical information set forth under “The Fund” in this pricing supplement.

Each hypothetical total return or hypothetical payment at maturity set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual total return or payment at maturity applicable to a purchaser of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following table have been rounded for ease of analysis.

Final Value	Fund Return	A Knock-Out Event Has Not Occurred (1)		A Knock-Out Event Has Occurred (1)
		Additional Amount	Payment at Maturity	Additional Amount	Payment at Maturity
$180.00	80.00%	N/A	N/A	$50.00	$1,050.00
$165.00	65.00%	N/A	N/A	$50.00	$1,050.00
$150.00	50.00%	N/A	N/A	$50.00	$1,050.00
$140.00	40.00%	N/A	N/A	$50.00	$1,050.00
$130.00	30.00%	N/A	N/A	$50.00	$1,050.00
$120.00	20.00%	N/A	N/A	$50.00	$1,050.00
$118.00	18.00%	$180.00	$1,180.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$110.00	10.00%	$100.00	$1,100.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$105.00	5.00%	$50.00	$1,050.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$101.00	1.00%	$10.00	$1,010.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$100.00	0.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$95.00	-5.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$90.00	-10.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$80.00	-20.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$70.00	-30.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$60.00	-40.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$50.00	-50.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$40.00	-60.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$30.00	-70.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$20.00	-80.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$10.00	-90.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00
$0.00	-100.00%	$0.00	$1,000.00	$50.00	$1,050.00

(1) A Knock-Out Event occurs if, on any day during the Monitoring Period, the closing price of one share of the Fund is greater than the Initial Value by more than the Knock-Out Percentage.

How the Notes Work

At maturity, investors will receive a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal amount note, of $1,000 plus the Additional Amount, which may be zero. The value of the Additional Amount depends on whether a Knock-Out Event has occurred. A Knock-Out Event occurs if, on any day during the Monitoring Period, the closing price of one share of the Fund is greater than the Initial Value by more than the Knock-Out Percentage of at least 18.00%.

No Knock-Out Event Scenario:

If a Knock-Out Event has not occurred, the Additional Amount per $1,000 principal amount note will be equal to $1,000 times the Fund Return times the Participation Rate of 100.00%, provided that the Additional Amount will not be less than zero.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has not occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund increases 10.00%, investors will receive at maturity a 10.00% return, or $1,100.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has not occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund declines 10.00%, investors will receive at maturity the principal amount of their notes.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has not occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund increases 1.00%, investors will receive at maturity a 1.00% return, or $1,010.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has not occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund increases 18.00%, investors will receive at maturity an 18.00% return, or $1,180.00 per $1,000 principal amount note, which reflects the maximum payment at maturity, assuming a Knock-Out Percentage of 18.00%.

Knock-Out Event Scenario:

If a Knock-Out Event has occurred, the Additional Amount per $1,000 principal amount note will be equal to the Fixed Amount of $50.00, regardless of the Fund Return.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund increases 10.00%, investors will receive at maturity a 5.00% return, or $1,050.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund declines 10.00%, investors will receive at maturity a 5.00% return, or $1,050.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

·

For example, if (i) a Knock-Out Event has occurred and (ii) the closing price of one share of the Fund increases 1.00%, investors will receive at maturity a 5.00% return, or $1,050.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term. These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the secondary market. If these fees and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would likely be lower.

Selected Risk Considerations

An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement, product supplement and underlying supplement.

Risks Relating to the Notes Generally

·

THE NOTES MAY NOT PAY MORE THAN THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT AT MATURITY —

If a Knock-Out Event has not occurred and the Final Value is less than or equal to the Initial Value, you will receive only the principal amount of your notes at maturity, and you will not be compensated for any loss in value due to inflation and other factors relating to the value of money over time.

·

YOUR MAXIMUM GAIN ON THE NOTES IS LIMITED BY THE KNOCK-OUT PERCENTAGE IF A KNOCK-OUT EVENT HAS NOT OCCURRED —

Because the payment at maturity will not reflect the Fund Return if a Knock-Out Event has occurred, the Knock-Out Percentage is effectively a cap on your return at maturity. The maximum payment at maturity if a Knock-Out Event has not occurred is at least $1,180.00 per $1,000 principal amount note.

·

YOUR MAXIMUM GAIN ON THE NOTES IS LIMITED TO THE FIXED AMOUNT IF A KNOCK-OUT EVENT HAS OCCURRED,

regardless of any appreciation of the Fund, which may be significant.

·

CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. —

Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.

·

AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS —

As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of our securities. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase & Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of our affiliates to make payments under loans made by us or other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from our affiliates to meet our obligations under the notes. If these affiliates do not make payments to us and we fail to make payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co.

·

THE BENEFIT PROVIDED BY THE KNOCK-OUT PERCENTAGE MAY TERMINATE ON ANY DAY DURING THE MONITORING PERIOD —

If, on any day during the Monitoring Period, the closing price of one share of the Fund is greater than the Initial Value by more than the Knock-Out Percentage (i.e., a Knock-Out Event occurs), you will receive at maturity only the Fixed Payment, in addition to the principal amount, and you will not participate in the Fund Return, regardless of any appreciation of the Fund, which may be significant.

·

YOU MAY RECEIVE A LOWER RETURN ON THE NOTES IF A KNOCK-OUT EVENT HAS NOT OCCURRED THAN IF A KNOCK-OUT EVENT HAS OCCURRED —

If a Knock-Out Event has not occurred and the Fund Return is less than 5.00%, the Additional Amount will be less than the Fixed Amount of $50.00 per $1,000 principal amount note you would have received at maturity if a Knock-Out Event had occurred.

·

THE NOTES DO NOT PAY INTEREST.

·

YOU WILL NOT HAVE ANY RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE FUND OR THE COMMODITIES HELD BY THE FUND.

·

LACK OF LIQUIDITY —

The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes. You may not be able to sell your notes. The notes are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.

·

THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT —

You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the Knock-Out Percentage.

Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest

·

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS —

We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the value of the notes declines. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying product supplement.

In addition, the benchmark price of the Fund’s Underlying Commodity (as defined under “The Fund” below) is administered by the London Bullion Market Association (“LBMA”) or an independent service provider appointed by the LBMA, and we are, or one of our affiliates is, a price participant that contributes to the determination of that price.  Furthermore, our affiliate is the custodian of the Fund.  We and our affiliates will have no obligation to consider your interests as a holder of the notes in taking any actions in connection with our roles as a price participant and a custodian that might affect the Fund or the notes.

Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes

·

THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF THE NOTES —

The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.

·

THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER FROM OTHERS’ ESTIMATES —

See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.

·

THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE —

The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.

·

THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME PERIOD —

We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. See “Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period. Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).

·

SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE NOTES —

Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and, also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging

costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you.

·

SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS —

The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging costs and the price of one share of the Fund. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement.

Risks Relating to the Fund

·

THE FUND IS NOT AN INVESTMENT COMPANY OR COMMODITY POOL AND WILL NOT BE SUBJECT TO REGULATION UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED, OR THE COMMODITY EXCHANGE ACT —

Accordingly, you will not benefit from any regulatory protections afforded to persons who invest in regulated investment companies or commodity pools.

·

THE PERFORMANCE AND MARKET VALUE OF THE FUND, PARTICULARLY DURING PERIODS OF MARKET VOLATILITY, MAY NOT CORRELATE WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FUND’S UNDERLYING COMMODITY AS WELL AS THE NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE —

The Fund does not fully replicate the performance of its Underlying Commodity due to the fees and expenses charged by the Fund or by restrictions on access to the Underlying Commodity due to other circumstances. The Fund does not generate any income, and as the Fund regularly sells its Underlying Commodity to pay for ongoing expenses, the amount of its Underlying Commodity represented by each share gradually declines over time. The Fund sells its Underlying Commodity to pay expenses on an ongoing basis irrespective of whether the trading price of the shares rises or falls in response to changes in the price of its Underlying Commodity. The sale by the Fund of its Underlying Commodity to pay expenses at a time of low prices for its Underlying Commodity could adversely affect the value of the notes. Additionally, there is a risk that part or all of the Fund’s holdings in its Underlying Commodity could be lost, damaged or stolen. Access to the Fund’s Underlying Commodity could also be restricted by natural events (such as an earthquake) or human actions (such as a terrorist attack). All of these factors may lead to a lack of correlation between the performance of the Fund and its Underlying Commodity. In addition, because the shares of the Fund are traded on a securities exchange and are subject to market supply and investor demand, the market value of one share of the Fund may differ from the net asset value per share of the Fund.

During periods of market volatility, the Fund’s Underlying Commodity may be unavailable in the secondary market, market participants may be unable to calculate accurately the net asset value per share of the Fund and the liquidity of the Fund may be adversely affected. This kind of market volatility may also disrupt the ability of market participants to create and redeem shares of the Fund. Further, market volatility may adversely affect, sometimes materially, the prices at which market participants are willing to buy and sell shares of the Fund. As a result, under these circumstances, the market value of shares of the Fund may vary substantially from the net asset value per share of the Fund. For all of the foregoing reasons, the performance of the Fund may not correlate with the performance of its Underlying Commodity as well as the net asset value per share of the Fund, which could materially and adversely affect the value of the notes in the secondary market and/or reduce any payment on the notes.

·

THE NOTES ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH GOLD —

The investment objective of the Fund is to reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the expenses of the Fund’s operations. The price of gold is primarily affected by the global demand for and supply of gold. The market for gold bullion is global, and gold prices are subject to volatile price movements over short periods of time and are affected by numerous factors, including macroeconomic factors, such as the structure of and confidence in the global monetary system, expectations regarding the future rate of inflation, the relative strength of, and confidence in, the U.S. dollar (the currency in which the price of gold is usually quoted), interest rates, gold borrowing and lending rates and global or regional economic, financial, political, regulatory, judicial or other events. Gold prices may be affected by industry factors, such as industrial and jewelry demand as well as lending, sales and purchases of gold by the official sector, including central banks and other governmental agencies and multilateral institutions that hold gold. Additionally, gold prices may be affected by levels of gold production, production costs and short-term changes in supply and demand due to trading activities in the gold market. From time to time, above-ground inventories of gold may also influence the market. It is not possible to predict the aggregate effect of all or any combination of these factors. The price of gold has recently been, and may continue to be, extremely volatile.

·

THERE ARE RISKS RELATING TO COMMODITIES TRADING ON THE LBMA —

The investment objective of the Fund is to reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the expenses of the Fund’s operations. The price of gold is determined by the LBMA or an independent service provider appointed by the LBMA. The LBMA is a self-regulatory association of bullion market participants. Although all market-making members of the LBMA are supervised by the Bank of England and are required to satisfy a capital adequacy test, the LBMA itself is not a regulated entity. If the LBMA should cease operations, or if bullion trading should become subject to a value added tax or other tax or any other form of regulation currently not in place, the role of the LBMA gold price as a global benchmark for the value of gold may be adversely affected. The LBMA is a principals’ market, which operates in a manner more closely analogous to an over-the-counter physical commodity market than regulated futures markets, and certain features of U.S. futures contracts are not present in the context of LBMA trading. For example, there are no daily price limits on the LBMA which would otherwise restrict fluctuations in the prices of LBMA contracts. In a declining market, it is possible that prices would continue to decline without limitation within a trading day or over a period of trading days. The LBMA may alter, discontinue or suspend calculation or dissemination of the LBMA gold price, which could adversely affect the value of the notes. The LBMA, or an independent service provider appointed by the LBMA, will have no obligation to consider your interests in calculating or revising the LBMA gold price.

·

SINGLE COMMODITY PRICES TEND TO BE MORE VOLATILE THAN, AND MAY NOT CORRELATE WITH, THE PRICES OF COMMODITIES GENERALLY —

The Fund is linked to a single commodity and not to a diverse basket of commodities or a broad-based commodity index. The Fund’s Underlying Commodity may not correlate to the price of commodities generally and may diverge significantly from the prices of commodities generally. As a result, the notes carry greater risk and may be more volatile than notes linked to the prices of more commodities or a broad-based commodity index.

·

THE ANTI-DILUTION PROTECTION FOR THE FUND IS LIMITED —

The calculation agent will make adjustments to the Share Adjustment Factor for certain events affecting the shares of the Fund. However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment in response to all events that could affect the shares of the Fund. If an event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to make an adjustment, the value of the notes may be materially and adversely affected.

The Fund

The Fund is an investment trust sponsored by World Gold Trust Services, LLC. The investment objective of the Fund is for its shares to reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the expenses of the Fund’s operations. The Fund holds gold bars. We refer to gold as the Underlying Commodity with respect to the Fund. For additional information about the Fund, see “Fund Descriptions — The SPDR^® Gold Trust” in the accompanying underlying supplement.

Historical Information

The following graph sets forth the historical performance of the Fund based on the weekly historical closing prices of one share of the Fund from January 5, 2018 through March 17, 2023. The closing price of one share of the Fund on March 22, 2023 was $183.44. We obtained the closing prices above and below from the Bloomberg Professional^® service (“Bloomberg”), without independent verification. The closing prices above and below may have been adjusted by Bloomberg for actions taken by the Fund, such as stock splits.

The historical closing prices of one share of the Fund should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the closing price of one share of the Fund on the Pricing Date or the Observation Date. There can be no assurance that the performance of the Fund will result in a payment at maturity in excess of your principal amount, subject to the credit risks of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Tax Treatment

You should review carefully the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” and in particular the subsection thereof entitled “Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes with a Term of More than One Year — Notes Treated as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments” in the accompanying product supplement no. 3-II. Unlike a traditional debt instrument that provides for periodic payments of interest at a single fixed rate, with respect to which a cash-method investor generally recognizes income only upon receipt of stated interest, our special tax counsel, Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, is of the opinion that the notes will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as “contingent payment debt instruments.” Assuming this treatment is respected, as discussed in that subsection, you generally will be required to accrue original issue discount (“OID”) on your notes in each taxable year at the “comparable yield,” as determined by us, although we will not make any payment with respect to the notes until maturity. Upon sale or exchange (including at maturity), you will recognize taxable income or loss equal to the difference between the amount received from the sale or exchange and your adjusted basis in the note, which generally will equal the cost thereof, increased by the amount of OID you have accrued in respect of the note. You generally must treat any income as interest income and any loss as ordinary loss to the extent of previous interest inclusions, and the balance as capital loss. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Special rules may apply if the amount payable at maturity is treated as becoming fixed prior to maturity. You should consult your tax adviser concerning the application of these rules. The discussions herein and in the accompanying product supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code. Purchasers who are not initial purchasers of notes at their issue price should consult their tax advisers with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in notes, including the treatment of the difference, if any, between the basis in their notes and the notes’ adjusted issue price.

The discussions in the preceding paragraphs, when read in combination with the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” (and in particular the subsection thereof entitled “— Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes with a Term of More

than One Year — Notes Treated as Contingent Payment Debt Instruments”) in the accompanying product supplement, constitute the full opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP regarding the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of notes.

Comparable Yield and Projected Payment Schedule

We will determine the comparable yield for the notes and will provide that comparable yield and the related projected payment schedule (or information about how to obtain them) in the pricing supplement for the notes, which we will file with the SEC. The comparable yield for the notes will be determined based upon a variety of factors, including actual market conditions and our borrowing costs for debt instruments of comparable maturities at the time of issuance. The comparable yield and projected payment schedule are determined solely to calculate the amount on which you will be taxed with respect to the notes in each year and are neither a prediction nor a guarantee of what the actual yield will be.

The Estimated Value of the Notes

The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes. For additional information, see “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate” in this pricing supplement.

The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, interest rates and other factors, as well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is determined when the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that time.

The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others’ estimates. Different pricing models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.

The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. Because hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in hedging our obligations under the notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging profits. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to Public) of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.

Secondary Market Prices of the Notes

For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions,

projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the stated term of the notes. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as determined by our affiliates. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period” in this pricing supplement.

Supplemental Use of Proceeds

The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the notes. See “Hypothetical Payout Profile” and “How the Notes Work” in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return profile of the notes and “The Fund” in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.

The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes.

Supplemental Plan of Distribution

 

We expect that delivery of the notes will be made against payment for the notes on or about the Original Issue Date set forth on the front cover of this pricing supplement, which will be the third business day following the Pricing Date of the notes (this settlement cycle being referred to as “T+3”). Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days, unless the parties to that trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade notes on any date prior to two business days before delivery will be required to specify an alternate settlement cycle at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed settlement and should consult their own advisors.

Supplemental Information About the Form of the Notes

The notes will initially be represented by a type of global security that we refer to as a master note.  A master note represents multiple securities that may be issued at different times and that may have different terms.  The trustee and/or paying agent will, in accordance with instructions from us, make appropriate entries or notations in its records relating to the master note representing the notes to indicate that the master note evidences the notes.

Additional Terms Specific to the Notes

You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase. You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.

You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement, the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying supplement, as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers before you invest in the notes.

PS-10 | Structured Investments Knock-Out Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust

 

You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):

·

Product supplement no. 3-II dated November 4, 2020: http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010320021466/crt_dp139321-424b2.pdf

·

Underlying supplement no. 1-II dated November 4, 2020: http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010320021471/crt_dp139381-424b2.pdf

·

Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 8, 2020: http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010320007214/crt_dp124361-424b2.pdf

Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Financial.

PS-11 | Structured Investments Knock-Out Notes Linked to the SPDR® Gold Trust