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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
☑
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022
OR
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
to
Commission File Number: 001-37935
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Acushnet Holdings Corp. |
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware |
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45-2644353 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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333 Bridge Street |
Fairhaven, |
Massachusetts |
02719 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
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(Zip Code) |
(800) 225-8500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange
Act:
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Title of each class |
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Trading Symbol(s) |
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Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share |
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GOLF |
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New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned
issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all
reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted
electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter)
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a
smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the
definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated
filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth
company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer |
☒
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Non-accelerated filer |
☐ |
Accelerated filer |
☐ |
Smaller reporting company |
☐ |
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Emerging growth company |
☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange
Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on
and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section
404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the
registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit
report.
☒
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act,
indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an
error to previously issued financial statements.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are
restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based
compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers
during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §
240.10D-1(b)
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
As of the last business day of the registrant's most recently
completed second fiscal quarter June 30, 2022, the aggregate market
value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates was
approximately $1.4 billion. The registrant's common stock trades on
the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “GOLF.”
The registrant had 66,945,802 shares of common stock outstanding as
of February 24, 2023.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the definitive proxy statement to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A
relating to the Registrant’s Annual General Meeting of
Shareholders, to be held on June 5, 2023, will be incorporated
by reference in this Form 10-K in response to Items 10, 11, 12, 13
and 14 of Part III. The definitive proxy statement will be filed
with the SEC not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal
year ended December 31, 2022.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Part I
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Item 1.
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Item 1A.
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Item 1B.
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Item 2.
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Item 3.
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Item 4.
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Part II
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Item 5.
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Item 6.
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Item 7.
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Item 7A.
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Item 8.
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Item 9.
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Item 9A.
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Item 9B.
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Item 9C.
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Part III
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Item 10.
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Item 11.
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Item 12.
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Item 13.
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Item 14.
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Part IV
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Item 15.
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Item 16.
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In this Annual Report on Form 10‑K ("Annual Report"), the
terms “Acushnet,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to
Acushnet Holdings Corp. and its consolidated
subsidiaries.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10‑K contains “forward-looking
statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”),
which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by that section.
These forward-looking statements are included throughout this
report, including in the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations,” and relate to matters such as our industry,
business strategy, goals and expectations concerning our market
position, future operations, margins, profitability, capital
expenditures, liquidity and capital resources and other financial
and operating information. The forward-looking statements also
reflect our current views with respect to the impact of the novel
coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic on our business, results of
operations, financial position and cash flows. We have used the
words “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,”
“estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,”
“predict,” “project,” “future,” “will,” “seek,” “foreseeable” and
similar terms and phrases to identify forward-looking statements in
this report, although not all forward-looking statements use these
identifying words.
The forward-looking statements contained in this report are based
on management’s current expectations and are subject to uncertainty
and changes in circumstances. We cannot assure you that future
developments affecting us will be those that we have anticipated.
Actual results may differ materially from these expectations due to
changes in global, regional or local economic, business,
competitive, market, regulatory and other factors, many of which
are beyond our control. We believe that these factors include, but
are not limited to those identified in the section entitled “Risk
Factors.”
These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be
read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are
included in this report. Should one or more of these risks or
uncertainties materialize, or should any of our assumptions prove
incorrect, our actual results may vary in material respects from
those projected in these forward-looking statements.
Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report speaks only
as of the date of this report. Factors or events that could cause
our actual results to differ may emerge from time to time, and it
is not possible for us to predict all of them. We may not actually
achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our
forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance
on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements
do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions,
mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, investments or other
strategic transactions we may make. We undertake no obligation to
publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as
a result of new information, future developments or otherwise,
except as may be required by any applicable securities
laws.
INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA
Within this Annual Report, we reference information and statistics
regarding the golf industry and the golf equipment, wear and gear
markets. We have obtained certain of this information and
statistics from various independent third-party sources, including
independent industry publications, reports by market research firms
and other independent sources for the most recent available date.
We believe that these external sources and estimates are reliable,
but have not independently verified them. Certain of this
information and statistics are based on our good faith, reasonable
estimates, which are derived from our review of internal surveys
and independent sources. In addition, projections, assumptions and
estimates of the future performance of the golf industry and our
future performance are necessarily subject to uncertainty and risk
due to a variety of factors, including those described in the
sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements.”
These and other factors could cause results to differ materially
from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent
parties and by us.
WEBSITE DISCLOSURE
We use our website (www.acushnetholdingscorp.com) as a channel of
distribution of company information. The information we post
through this channel may be material. Accordingly, investors should
monitor this channel, in addition to following our press releases,
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings and public
conference calls and webcasts. In addition, you may automatically
receive e-mail alerts and other information about Acushnet Holdings
Corp. when you enroll your e-mail address by visiting the
“Resources” section of our website at
https://www.acushnetholdingscorp.com/investors/resources. In
addition, on our website, we post the following filings free of
charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are
electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC: our annual
reports on Form 10-K, our proxy statements, our quarterly reports
on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments
to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) of the Exchange Act. The contents of our website are not,
however, a part of this report.
TRADEMARKS, TRADE NAMES AND SERVICE MARKS
This Annual Report includes trademarks, trade names and service
marks that we either own or license, such as “Titleist,” “FootJoy,”
“Pro V1,” “Pro V1x,” "AVX," “FJ,” "MyJoys," “Pinnacle,” “Scotty
Cameron,” the Circle T Design, "TSR," "T Series," “Vokey Design,”
"Club Glove" and "KJUS" which are protected under applicable
intellectual property laws. Solely for convenience, trademarks,
trade names and service marks referred to in this report may appear
without the
®,
™
or
SM
symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any
way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under
applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor
to these trademarks, trade names and service marks. This report may
also contain trademarks, trade names and service marks of other
parties, and we do not intend our use or display of other parties’
trademarks, trade names or service marks to imply, and such use or
display should not be construed to imply, a relationship with, or
endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other
parties.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
We are the global leader in the design, development, manufacture
and distribution of performance‑driven golf products, which are
widely recognized for their quality excellence. Our mission—to be
the performance and quality leader in every golf product category
in which we compete—has remained consistent since we entered the
golf ball business in 1932. Today, we are the steward of two of the
most revered brands in golf—Titleist, one of golf’s leading
performance equipment brands, and FootJoy, one of golf’s leading
performance wearable brands. Titleist has been the #1 ball in
professional golf for over 70 years and FootJoy has been the
#1 shoe on the PGA Tour for over seven decades.
Our target market is dedicated golfers, who are the cornerstone of
the worldwide golf industry. These dedicated golfers are avid and
skill‑biased, prioritize performance and commit the time, effort
and money to improve their game. We believe our focus on innovation
and process excellence yields golf products that represent superior
performance and consistent product quality, which are the key
attributes sought after by dedicated golfers. Many of the game’s
professional players, who represent the most dedicated golfers,
prefer our products, thereby validating our performance and quality
promise while also driving brand awareness. We seek to leverage a
pyramid of influence product and promotion strategy, whereby our
products are the most played by the best players, creating
aspirational appeal for a broad range of golfers who want to
emulate the performance of the game’s best players.
Dedicated golfers view premium golf shops, such as on‑course golf
shops and golf specialty retailers, as preferred retail channels
for golf products of superior performance and product quality. As a
result, we have committed to being one of the preferred and trusted
partners to premium golf shops worldwide. We believe this
commitment provides us a retail environment where our product
performance and quality advantage can most effectively be
communicated to dedicated golfers. In addition, we service other
qualified retailers that sell golf products to consumers worldwide
and offer a selection of our products direct to consumers via our
eCommerce websites.
Our vision is to consistently be regarded by industry participants,
from dedicated golfers to the golf shops that serve them, as the
best golf company in the world. We have established leadership
positions across all major golf equipment and golf wear categories
under our globally recognized brands.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded net sales of
$2,270.3 million, net income attributable to Acushnet
Holdings Corp. of $199.3 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $338.4
million. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations,” Item 7 of Part II, included
elsewhere in this report, for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA
to net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp., the most
directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
Corporate History
Acushnet Company was originally founded as “Acushnet Process
Company” in Acushnet, Massachusetts by Phil “Skipper” Young in
1910, and our golf business was established in 1932. In 1976,
Acushnet Company was acquired by American Brands, Inc. (the
predecessor company of Beam Suntory, Inc. (“Beam”)). We
acquired FootJoy in 1985. In July 2011, Acushnet Holdings Corp. (at
the time known as Alexandria Holdings Corp.), an entity owned by
Fila Holdings Corp. (“Fila”) and certain financial investors,
acquired Acushnet Company from Beam. We
completed an initial public offering of our common stock in
November 2016.
Our Core Focus
Dedicated Golfers
Our target market is dedicated golfers, who are avid and
skill‑biased, prioritize performance and commit the time, effort
and money to improve their game. We believe that dedicated golfers
are generally the most consistent purchasers of golf products, as
we believe they are the most discerning and most likely to invest
in premium performance equipment and golf wear.
Product Platform
Leveraging the success of our golf ball and golf shoe businesses,
while maintaining the core values of the Titleist and FootJoy
brands, we have strategically entered into product categories such
as golf clubs, wedges, putters, golf gloves, golf gear and golf
wear with an objective of being the performance and quality
leader.
Since the dedicated golfer views each performance product category
on its own merits, we have approached each category on its own
terms by committing the necessary resources to become a performance
and quality leader in each product category where we participate.
As a result, we have built an industry leading platform across all
performance product categories, driving a market‑differentiating
mix of consumable products, which we consider to be golf balls and
golf gloves, which collectively represented nearly 40% of our net
sales in 2022, and more durable products, which we consider to be
golf clubs, golf shoes, golf apparel and golf gear, which
collectively represented over 60% of our net sales in
2022.
We operate under the following four reportable segments: Titleist
golf balls; Titleist golf clubs; Titleist golf gear; and FootJoy
golf wear, which represented approximately 30%, 27%, 9% and 27%,
respectively, of net sales in 2022. For further information
surrounding the principal products of each reportable segment, see
“Our Products” further below. Financial information for our
segments, including sales by geographic area, is included in
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations,” Item 7 of Part II, included elsewhere in
this report and in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements –
Note 21 – Segment Information,” Item 8 of Part II,
included elsewhere in this report.
Pyramid of Influence
The game of golf is learned by observation and imitation, and
golfers improve their own performance by attempting to emulate
highly skilled golfers. Golfers are influenced not only by how
other golfers swing but also with what they swing and at what they
swing. This is the essence of golf’s pyramid of influence, which is
deeply ingrained in the mindset of the dedicated golfer. At the top
of the pyramid is the most dedicated golfer, who attempts to make a
living playing the game professionally. Adoption by most of the
best golfers, whose professional success depends on their
performance, validates the quality, features and benefits of using
the best performing products. This, in turn, creates aspirational
appeal for golfers who want to emulate the performance of the best
players. Our primary marketing strategy is for our products to be
the most played by the best players, including both professional
and amateur golfers. We believe this strategy has proven to be
enduring and effective in the long‑term and is not dependent on the
transient success of a few elite players at any given point in
time.
Innovation Leadership
We believe innovation is critical to dedicated golfers, as they
depend on the ability of new and innovative products to drive
improved performance. We currently employ a research and
development ("R&D") team of approximately 200 scientists,
chemists, engineers and technicians. We also introduce new product
innovations at a cadence that we believe best aligns with the
typical dedicated golfer’s replacement cycle within each product
category.
Operational Excellence
The requirements of the game lead the dedicated golfer to seek out
products of superior performance and consistency. We own or control
the design, sourcing, manufacturing, packaging and distribution of
our products. In doing so, we are able to exercise control over
every step of the manufacturing process and supply chain
operations, thereby setting the standard for quality and
consistency. We have developed and refined distinct and
independently managed supply chains for each of our product
categories.
Route to Market Leadership
As one of the preferred partners to premium golf shops, we seek to
ensure that the performance benefits derived from using our
products are showcased and our products are properly merchandised.
As we see our retail partners as a critical connection to dedicated
golfers, we place great emphasis on building strong relationships
and trust with them. This is the reason our sales associates are
expected not simply to be salespeople, but to function as golf
experts and enthusiasts in their respective territories who advise
and assist our retail partners to better serve their customers. We
help generate golfer demand and sell‑through via in‑shop
merchandising, promotions and advertising, and also provide product
education to club professionals, coaches and instructors. Lastly,
we place a strong focus on golfer engagement, starting with fitting
and trial initiatives across our balls, clubs and shoes categories.
We offer custom products across several categories to meet the
varying needs of golfers' skill levels, personal styles and
preferences. In addition, our expanding eCommerce presence is
expected to yield incremental sales and profitability, as well as
to foster a deeper and more real time connection with dedicated
golfers.
Market Overview and Opportunity
Market Overview
While rounds of play had been relatively stable for years, the game
experienced an approximate 8% global increase in rounds in both
2021 and 2020 as dedicated golfers took full advantage of favorable
weather, hybrid work schedules and an increase in discretionary
time due to the circumstances attendant to the COVID-19
pandemic.
The game of golf remained in high demand in 2022, with the number
of rounds played approximately 16% higher than the number of rounds
played in 2019. We anticipate that rounds of golf played will
remain resilient in 2023, driven by golfer demographics, dedicated
golfers and economic conditions.
Golfer Demographics.
Golf is a recreational activity that requires time and money. The
golf industry has been principally driven by the age cohort of 30
years and above, primarily “gen‑xers,” “baby boomers” and,
increasingly, "millennials" who have the time and money to engage
in the sport. Since a significant number of baby boomers have yet
to retire, we anticipate growth in spending from this demographic,
as it has been demonstrated that rounds of play increase
significantly as those in this cohort reach retirement. Further, we
also believe that the percentage of women golfers will continue to
grow, as a higher percentage of new golfers in recent years have
been women. Beyond the gen‑x and baby boomer generation, promising
developments in golf include the generational shift with millennial
golfers making their marks at both professional and amateur levels
and, in 2022, accounting for 25% of golfers overall in the U.S.,
and the increase in the number of juniors (ages 6-17) who play golf
in recent years.
Dedicated Golfers.
Dedicated golfers are largely older millennials, gen‑xers and baby
boomers who have demonstrated the propensity to pay a premium for
products that help them perform better. We believe dedicated
golfers, who comprise our target market, will continue to be a key
driver for the global golf industry.
Weather Conditions.
Weather conditions determine the number of playable days in
a year and thus influence the amount of time people spend on
golf. Weather conditions in most parts of the world, including our
primary geographic markets, generally restrict golf from being
played year‑round, with many of our on‑course retail customers
closed during the cold weather months. Therefore, favorable
weather conditions generally result in more playable days in a
given year and more golf rounds played, which generally
results in increased demand for all golf products.
Economic Conditions.
The state of the economy influences the amount of money people
spend on golf. Golf equipment, including clubs, shoes, balls and
accessories, is recreational in nature and is therefore a
discretionary purchase for consumers. Consumers are generally more
willing to make discretionary purchases of golf products when
economic conditions are favorable and when consumers are feeling
confident and prosperous.
Our Growth Strategies
We plan to continue to pursue organic growth initiatives across all
product categories, brands, geographies and marketing
channels.
Introduce New Products and Extend Market Share Leadership in
Equipment Categories.
We expect to sustain our strong performance in our core categories
of golf balls, golf clubs and golf shoes through several targeted
strategies:
•Titleist
Golf Balls.
We continually invest in design innovation and process technology
to deliver the highest performance and quality golf balls in the
game. We strive to strengthen our sell-in and sell-through route to
market capabilities by focusing on enhancing our sales team's
skills, supporting trade partners in those channels where dedicated
golfers shop, investing in digital channel opportunities, and
educating golfers on Titleist golf ball performance and quality
excellence. We also offer custom imprinting for country clubs,
tournaments, corporate logos and personalization.
•Titleist
Clubs, Wedges and Putters.
We intend to continue to launch innovative, high performance golf
clubs by further leveraging Titleist R&D excellence in all club
categories. To enhance the golfer experience, we plan to continue
highly focused consumer connection initiatives, promote and
encourage custom fitting and trial, and offer best-in-class custom
manufacturing capabilities. We also intend to continue to develop
and offer concept and limited edition products to showcase advanced
technologies and we intend to continue to dedicate the resources
necessary to ensure that Titleist drivers, fairways, hybrids and
irons, Vokey Design wedges and Scotty Cameron putters remain golf's
leaders in performance, technology, craftsmanship and
selection.
•FootJoy
Footwear.
We continue to invest in design and innovation to bring
golf-specific performance advancements to the footwear category. We
launched several new models in 2022, and we plan to continue to
enrich our consumer connection initiatives with digital content,
product trial and fit experiences in key global
markets.
Increase Penetration in Golf Gear and Wear Categories.
We intend to build on the brand loyalty that the dedicated golfer
has developed for our Titleist ball and club categories and FootJoy
shoe and glove categories in order to increase our penetration in
the adjacent categories of golf gear and golf wear. We also
evaluate acquisition opportunities that generally feature premium
performance products that appeal to the dedicated golfer and can
benefit from our global distribution and supply chain capabilities.
We expect to continue to drive growth across these categories by
employing the following initiatives:
•Titleist
Golf Gear.
We are committed to providing dedicated golfers with golf
gear—including golf bags, headwear, gloves, travel gear, head
covers and other accessories—of performance and quality excellence
that is faithful to the Titleist brand promise. We continue to make
investments in design and engineering resources and leverage
dedicated player insights to drive product excellence in these
product categories.
•FootJoy
Apparel.
We remain committed to bringing style, performance, and innovation
to the golf apparel category. In addition to our seasonal apparel
collections, we plan to launch new outerwear products to meet the
performance expectations of the most demanding players and "make
every day playable." We plan to continue to work with select
players on the worldwide professional golf tours who trust the
FootJoy brand to perform at the highest levels.
•Titleist
Apparel.
Titleist introduced apparel in Korea, Japan and China with a focus
on innovative performance and styling which is specifically
designed for these markets using localized go-to-market strategies.
We continue to invest in innovative designs and performance fabrics
to bring advancements to the apparel category in the markets where
Titleist apparel is sold.
•Links
& Kings.
In 2018, we acquired Links & Kings, a brand focused on the
design and handcrafted production of luxury leather golf and
lifestyle products. We intend to increase sales of Links &
Kings products by increasing production capacity and leveraging our
existing distribution channels.
•KJUS
Outerwear and Apparel.
In the third quarter of 2019, we acquired KJUS, a brand which
designs premium technical golf, ski and lifestyle apparel with
distinctive, clean designs. KJUS entered the golf outerwear and
apparel markets less than a decade ago with a focus on freedom of
movement, temperature regulation and all-weather protection to
enhance performance. We intend to continue to invest in design and
innovation to deliver advancements in KJUS outerwear and
apparel.
Strategically Pursue Global Growth.
While our brands are global, we believe that near‑term growth will
be primarily driven by more established golf markets, such as the
United States, Japan, Korea and EMEA. However, less mature golf
markets also represent longer‑term growth opportunities. To meet
future demand, we are ensuring that local capabilities and
expertise in sales, customer service, merchandising, online
presence, golf education and fitting initiatives are in place to
support our operations. We continue to hire local talent across all
functions in order to better position Titleist and FootJoy products
in those markets where participation and popularity of the sport
are expected to increase.
Our Products
We design, manufacture and market a broad range of products under
the Titleist, FootJoy and KJUS brands. These brands are recognized
as industry leaders in performance, quality, innovation and design.
Our products include golf balls, golf clubs, wedges and putters,
golf shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf and ski outerwear and
apparel.
Titleist
We design, manufacture and sell golf balls, golf clubs, wedges and
putters and golf gear under the Titleist brand.
Titleist Golf Balls
Titleist is the #1 ball in golf.
The Titleist golf ball was founded with the purpose of designing
and manufacturing a golf ball that was performance superior and
quality superior to all other balls available in the market. We
believe the golf ball is the most important piece of equipment in
the game, as it is the only piece of equipment used by every player
for each shot in the round. The golf ball category also generates
the largest portion of our sales and profits.
Since its introduction in 2000, the Titleist Pro V1 has been the
best-selling golf ball globally. Launched on the PGA Tour in
October 2000 and introduced to the consumer market in December
2000, the first Pro V1 golf ball represented the coalescence of
three of Titleist's industry leading technologies: large solid
core; multi-component construction; and high performance, thermoset
cast urethane elastomer covers. In its first four months, the Pro
V1 golf ball became the best-selling golf ball and holds that
position to this day. In 2003, the first Pro V1x golf ball was
brought to market and with its four-piece, dual core design,
produced higher launch characteristics and a different spin profile
than Pro V1. Both Pro V1 and Pro V1x are designed to provide total
performance for golfers at every level of the game and best
demonstrate Titleist's design, innovation and technology
leadership.
In early 2023, we launched new Pro V1 and Pro V1x models with
advancements in core technology to amplify the high flex casing
layer, soft cast thermoset urethane cover, and advanced
aerodynamics. The 2023 models maintained their differences in
flight, feel and spin. Pro V1 offers the greatest combination of
speed, spin and feel in the game and is the best fit for the
majority of golfers. Pro V1 flies lower than Pro V1x with a more
penetrating trajectory and has a softer feel. Pro V1x has a fast,
high flight and delivers spin where and when a golfer wants it.
Complementing Pro V1 and Pro V1x is another high performance golf
ball, Pro V1x Left Dash. Introduced in 2019, Pro V1x Left Dash
meets the performance needs of a select group of players seeking
high flight with even lower long game spin than Pro V1x. Titleist
Pro V1 and Pro V1x models remain the most trusted, best performing
and most consistent golf balls in the game. This is validated by
the overwhelming usage and trust of players throughout the pyramid
of influence and the marketplace success of these products. On the
2022 worldwide professional tours, Titleist golf balls account for
74% of all golf balls used, over seven times more than the nearest
competitor.
In November 2021, we introduced Pro V1 and Pro V1x RCT golf balls.
RCT stands for "Radar Capture Technology," a proprietary,
patent-pending technology. In development for over two years, these
products showcase the technological capabilities of the Titleist
Ball R&D and Operations teams. Pro V1 RCT is engineered to
deliver the most accurate golf ball data on indoor radar-based
launched monitors and was validated in collaboration with a team of
fitting experts. Pro V1 and Pro V1x RCT golf balls offer the exact
same design, quality and performance as any Pro V1 or Pro V1x with
the enhanced benefit of an indoor radar signal that captures actual
spin data to deliver a true indoor precision fitting. In September
2022, Pro V1x Left Dash and AVX were also introduced with RCT,
enhancing the opportunity for a precise, premium performance golf
ball fitting indoors.
An advanced version of the Titleist AVX golf ball launched in early
2022. AVX complements our Pro V1 premium performance, thermoset
cast urethane models and also has a loyal golfer following. AVX
flies lower, spins less and has an even softer feel than Pro V1 or
Pro V1x. Tour Speed, rolled out globally as Titleist’s first
multi-component thermoplastic urethane golf ball in mid-2020,
delivers best-in-class performance when compared with similarly
priced competitive offerings. Our Tour Soft golf ball features the
largest core Titleist has ever produced and a very thin soft cover
for commanding distance and soft, responsive feel. Our Velocity and
TruFeel models, which provide golfers with a range of performance,
color and price preferences, were also introduced in
2022.
The Pinnacle brand completes the Acushnet golf ball portfolio with
its two major models, Rush and Soft. Competing in the price
segment, the Pinnacle brand allows the Titleist brand to focus on
the premium performance and performance segments of the market. It
also helps to support the thousands of golf shops that choose to
exclusively stock Titleist and Pinnacle golf balls and offer golf
balls in each market segment to their golfers.
We are also a leader in custom imprinted golf balls. This includes
printing high quality reproductions of country club or resort
logos, tournament logos, corporate logos and personalization on
Titleist and Pinnacle golf balls. Our service includes design
capabilities, special packaging options and fast turnaround times.
The majority of custom imprinting is done for
corporate logos, as there has long been a strong connection between
the business community and golf. We estimate custom golf ball sales
represent, on average, between 25 - 30% of our global net golf ball
sales.
Net sales of Titleist golf balls for the years ended
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $678.8 million, $667.6
million, and $507.8 million, respectively, in each case
representing approximately 30% of our total net sales.
Titleist Golf Clubs, Wedges and Putters
We design, assemble and sell golf clubs (drivers, fairways, hybrids
and irons) under the Titleist brand, wedges under the Vokey Design
brand and putters under the Scotty Cameron brand. The mission of
our golf club business is to design and develop the best performing
golf clubs in the world for dedicated golfers. We believe dedicated
golfers do not buy brands across categories but seek out
best‑in‑class products in each category. This is the reason we have
partnered with dedicated engineers and craftsmen such as Bob Vokey
and Scotty Cameron, who understand the nuances, subtleties and
impact mechanics of their respective golf club categories. Titleist
golf clubs, Vokey Design wedges and Scotty Cameron putters are
widely used by professional and competitive amateur players, which
validates the products’ performance and quality excellence. We are
also committed to a leading club fitting and trial platform to
maximize dedicated golfers’ performance experience.
We view and operate the Titleist golf club business in three
distinct categories: clubs (which includes drivers, fairways,
hybrids and irons), wedges and putters. Our products are generally
priced at or above the premium price points in the marketplace,
driven by higher‑end technologies (including design, materials and
processes) we employ to generate superior quality and performance.
We have different models within each category to address the
distinct performance needs of our dedicated golfer target
audience.
Net sales of Titleist golf clubs, wedges
and putters for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and
2020 were $609.6 million, $551.5 million, and $418.4 million,
respectively, in each case representing approximately 25% of our
total net sales.
Titleist Clubs
Our current global club line consists of the TSR product line of
drivers, fairways and hybrids, and the T Series and 620 product
lines of irons. Every product in our club line features premium,
tour‑proven stock shafts and grips, complemented by a broad range
of custom options.
Titleist TSR drivers, fairways and hybrids are designed to deliver
superior performance through tour‑proven technologies that increase
ball speed, decrease spin, and optimize flight without sacrificing
forgiveness. We design our drivers and fairways to deliver complete
performance with tour‑preferred looks, sound and feel, and we offer
the ability to precisely fit individual golfers’
needs.
Titleist T Series irons are innovative, technologically advanced
products designed to deliver distance, forgiveness, proper shot
control and feel. While we offer stock set configurations for our
iron sets, a significant portion of our worldwide iron sales are
custom fit to help deliver a better fit and performance. Our 620 MB
and CB irons are classic, fully forged blade type irons largely
preferred by highly skilled golfers.
Vokey Design Wedges
Bob Vokey champions the Titleist wedge effort by creating high
performance wedges to meet the demands of dedicated golfers and the
best players in the world. The Vokey Design wedge product offering
is a compilation of the most popular wedges resulting from the
Vokey Team’s hands‑on work with golf’s best players to develop
shapes and soles that address varying techniques and course
conditions. In total, we offer 25 unique loft, sole grind and
bounce combinations and four unique finishes to create golf’s most
complete wedge product performance range. In addition, Vokey’s
online Wedgeworks program promotes limited edition models and
allows golfers to customize and personalize their wedges. Vokey
Design wedges are the most played wedges by tour
professionals.
Scotty Cameron Putters
Scotty Cameron Fine Milled Putters are developed through a
specialized and iterative process that blends art and science to
create high performance putters. The design inspiration for the
Scotty Cameron brand begins with studying the best players in the
world and working with them to identify the consistent strengths
and attributes of their putting. Scotty Cameron encourages a
selection process that identifies the putter length, toe flow and
appearance to deliver proper balance, shaft flex and feel to
golfers and to encourage proper technique. Scotty Cameron putters
consist of a range of products for each of these key selection
criteria.
Using the scottycameron.com website as an information and services
hub, we offer the opportunity to connect more closely with the
Scotty Cameron brand. Golfers can customize and personalize their
putter(s) in the online Scotty Cameron Custom Shop. Through the
popular “Club Cameron” loyalty program and the Scotty Cameron
online “Studio Store,” brand fans can purchase unique Scotty
Cameron accessories. In 2014, we also opened the Scotty Cameron
Gallery in Encinitas, California, a premium retail boutique which
offers consumers the ability to experience the tour fitting process
as well as purchase unique accessory items.
Titleist Golf Gear
Titleist Golf Gear is a matrix of distinct
categories across golf bags, headwear, golf gloves, travel
products, headcovers and other golf accessories. We participate in
golf categories where the dedicated player expects us to be and
provide dedicated players with products of performance and quality
excellence faithful to the Titleist brand promise.
We started building our golf gear
infrastructure in 2015, transitioning away from third-party product
creation and supply chain dependency to enable us to exercise more
control over the design, engineering, product specifications, and
quality assurance of our finished Titleist golf gear products.
Titleist golf gear products are designed and engineered using
premium materials, with a focus on delivering performance
excellence with function and style. We seek to provide and
continually evolve our customization and personalization
opportunities across the product portfolio of Titleist golf gear in
order to meet the needs of the dedicated players. We believe the
golf gear business represents a sizable and highly fragmented
opportunity with numerous competitors in each product category and
geographical market.
Titleist
Golf Bags
Titleist Golf Bags have an array of models
across price points with designs ranging from those to be carried
to those designed for golf carts, each with an array of functional
differences and a variety of materials and colors. Titleist golf
bags are used on professional tours throughout the world and are
relied upon by players globally to support their game. In 2023, we
plan to introduce our all-new Titleist Players Stand Bag
collection, continuing the momentum of this leading bag franchise
sold by leading golf courses across the globe.
We also have enjoyed success with our LINKSLEGEND Series of premium
golf bags that launched in the Fall of 2022 at leading clubs around
the world.
Titleist
Golf Headwear
Titleist Golf Headwear is recognized on the
professional golf tours globally. Titleist golf headwear provides
both function and fashion appeal across a multitude of models
providing rain and sun protection as well as trend designs for the
dedicated player. We have established key product franchises in our
headwear assortment with a variety of functions for both men and
women including the Tour Performance, the Montauk and the Tour
Aussie. We seek to constantly elevate and innovate the performance
and quality of our headwear while keeping the design and colors
fresh and appealing to the dedicated player.
Titleist golf gear accounted for net sales of $204.9 million,
$192.6 million and $149.4 million for the years ended
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, in each case
representing approximately 10% of our total net sales.
FootJoy
FootJoy is one of golf’s leading performance wearable brands, which
consists collectively of golf shoes, gloves and apparel. Net sales
of FootJoy products for the years ended December 31, 2022,
2021 and 2020 were $618.0 million, $580.6 million, and $415.3
million, respectively, in each case representing approximately 25%
of our total net sales.
FootJoy Golf Shoes
FootJoy is the #1 shoe in golf and has been the #1 shoe on the PGA
Tour for over seven decades (since 1945). With an exclusive focus
on golf, FootJoy shoes are designed, developed and manufactured for
all golfers across multiple golf shoe categories, including modern
classics, technical performance, casual and athletic.
The golf shoe category is one of the most demanding of all
wearables, as golf shoes must perform in all weather conditions,
including extreme temperature and moisture exposure; be resistant
to pesticides and fungicides; withstand frequent usage and
extensive rounds of play; and provide consistent comfort, support
and protection to the golfer in an average of over five miles in a
walked round. Hence, golf shoes require extensive knowledge and
expertise in foot morphology, walking and swing biomechanics,
material science and application and sophisticated manufacturing
and construction techniques.
Golf shoes are also a style and fashion driven category. FootJoy
offers a large assortment of styles to suit the needs and tastes of
all golfers. The breadth and scope of the FootJoy product line is
commensurate with its leading sales position. To maintain and grow
this leadership position in the category, new product launches and
new styles comprise approximately 50% of its offerings each year in
all significant markets around the world.
In addition to its stock offerings, FootJoy is a leader in the
customization of golf shoe styles and designs. FootJoy’s MyJoys
custom golf shoe microsite provides individual choices for style,
color, personal IDs and team logos that are produced to order for
golfers around the world. We believe it is the largest choice
offering in the golf shoe category and provides a service and
personal expression capability that creates brand loyalty and
repeat purchases.
FootJoy Gloves
FootJoy is the #1 glove in golf. FootJoy is the leader in sales for
all sub‑categories of the glove business, including leather
construction, synthetic, leather/synthetic combinations and all
specialty gloves, including rain and winter specific
offerings.
FootJoy Outerwear and Apparel
FootJoy is also a leader in the golf outerwear and men's and
women's golf apparel markets. FootJoy’s goal for outerwear is to
“make every day playable” and extend the golf season by providing
products for rain, wind and cold conditions. FootJoy entered the
outerwear category in 1996 with innovative designs and materials,
became the leader in net sales in the United States by 2005 and
still holds this position today. In 2011, FootJoy entered the
apparel market with a full line of performance golf apparel and has
become one of the leading brands in the U.S., Europe, Korea and
other major markets globally.
KJUS
In
July 2019, we acquired KJUS, a Swiss-based manufacturer of premium
performance ski, golf and lifestyle apparel. The KJUS brand was
born from an uncompromising commitment to performance, following
brand namesake Lasse Kjus’s historic feat at the 1999 World Ski
Championships, where he medaled in each of the Championships’ five
disciplines. KJUS was founded with a vision to make the finest and
most technologically advanced skiwear and the belief that cutting
edge innovation could lead to improved performance. KJUS has today
grown to be a leader in premium technical performance skiwear.
Building upon this reputation, KJUS entered the golf outerwear and
lifestyle apparel markets with a focus on freedom of movement,
temperature regulation and all-weather protection to enhance
performance. As a result, KJUS has achieved an enthusiastic
following with performance-minded golfers and a premium positioning
at leading golf shops worldwide.
Product Launch Cycles
We maintain differentiated and disciplined product launch cycles
across our portfolio, which we believe has contributed to stable
and resilient growth over the long‑run. This approach gives our
R&D teams a period of time we believe is necessary to develop
superior performing products versus prior generation models. As a
result, we are able to manage our product transitions and inventory
from one generation to the next more efficiently and effectively,
both internally and with our trade partners.
Product introductions generally stimulate net sales as the golf
retail channel takes on inventory of new products. Reorders of
these new products then depend on the rate of sell‑through.
Announcements of new products can often cause our customers to
defer purchasing additional golf equipment until our new products
are available. The varying product introduction cycles may cause
our results of operations to fluctuate as each product line has
different volumes, prices and margins.
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations - Key Factors Affecting our Results of
Operations – Product Life Cycles,” Item 7 of Part II to this
report, for further information surrounding our product launch
cycles.
Manufacturing
Our manufacturing processes and management of supply chain
operations ensure consistency of product performance and quality.
We own or control the design, sourcing, manufacturing, packaging
and distribution of our products.
Our manufacturing network is comprised of our owned facilities and
partners around the globe. Our scale and global reach are intended
to enable us to maximize cost efficiency, reduce lead time, provide
regional customization and gain insights into local
markets.
We have three company‑owned and operated golf ball manufacturing
facilities, two located in the United States and one in Thailand,
encompassing approximately 600,000 total square feet with
sufficient production capacity to meet anticipated growth. We also
have seven global custom golf ball imprinting operations and
utilize local vendors for imprinting capabilities in other
geographic markets.
We assemble clubs at six global locations, allowing us to provide
custom fitted golf clubs with regional customization with efficient
turnaround times. Each of our six custom manufacturing locations is
responsible for supply chain execution for golf clubs and wedges,
from forecast generation to component procurement to club assembly
and distribution, allowing each region to respond to market
specific needs or trends. Scotty Cameron putters are assembled
solely at our Carlsbad, California manufacturing
facility.
We own and operate the largest golf glove manufacturing operation
in the world in Chonburi, Thailand, where we manufacture both
FootJoy and Titleist golf gloves. The factory produces over
14 million FootJoy and Titleist gloves annually.
The majority of our FootJoy golf shoes are manufactured in a
525,000 square foot facility in Fuzhou, China, owned by a joint
venture in which we have a 40% interest with the remaining 60%
owned by our long‑standing Taiwan supply partners. In our
consolidated financial statements, we consolidate the accounts of
this joint venture, which is a variable interest entity ("VIE").
The joint venture was established in 1995 and has been in its
current facility since 2000. The sole purpose of the joint venture
is to manufacture our golf shoes and as such we are deemed to be
the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The multi‑floor/multi‑building
complex owned by the joint venture is devoted exclusively to
FootJoy golf shoes and has production capacity of nearly
five million pairs annually. See “Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements – Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies – Variable Interest Entities,” Item 8 of Part II included
elsewhere in this report, for a discussion of our FootJoy golf shoe
joint venture and the material terms of the agreement which governs
such joint venture arrangement.
Sales and Distribution
Our accounts consist of premium golf shops, which include on‑course
golf shops and golf specialty retailers, as well as other qualified
retailers that sell golf products to consumers worldwide. We have a
selective sales and distribution strategy, differentiated by
product line and geography, which focuses on effectively serving
those accounts that provide best access to our dedicated golfer
target market in each geographic market.
We operate, and have our own field sales representation, in those
countries that represent the substantial majority of golf equipment
and wearable sales, including the United States, Japan, Korea, the
United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Sweden, France, Greater China,
Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and
Switzerland. Exclusive Titleist and FootJoy brand retail stores
have been established within key Asia Pacific markets to elevate
brand experiences, presence and product presentation for dedicated
golfers. Primarily focused on Titleist and FootJoy Apparel
collections unique to Korea, Japan and mainland China, these
upscale brand and product showcase locations capture the undivided
attention of dedicated Titleist and FootJoy brand fans, as well as
provide for expanded education, selection and fitting experiences.
In other countries in which we sell our products, we rely on select
distributors in order to deepen our reach into those markets. Each
country administers its own in‑country channel of distribution
strategy given the unique characteristics of each
market.
Our sales and distribution takes a “category management” approach
that encompasses all aspects of customer service and fulfillment,
including product selection; space and display planning; sales
staff training; and inventory control and replenishment. Each sales
representative advises on topics such as shop layout, merchandise
display techniques and effective use of signage and product
information and methods of improving inventory turns and sales
conversions through merchandising. Our sales force has been
recognized worldwide for its professionalism and service
excellence.
We employ approximately 400 sales representatives worldwide, who
are compensated through a combination of salary and a performance
bonus. We currently service over 28,000 direct accounts worldwide.
In both our direct sales and distributor markets, our trade
partners are subject to our redistribution policy.
Supplementing our core field sales partnerships are Internet‑based
initiatives and eCommerce websites. Titleist, FootJoy, KJUS, Links
& Kings and PG Golf have established eCommerce websites
accessible around the globe and we plan to further expand eCommerce
initiatives in the coming years. The eCommerce initiative is
expected to yield incremental sales and profitability and enriched
data on golfers' preferences and trends, as well as to foster a
deeper and more real time connection with dedicated
golfers.
Marketing
Throughout our history, we believe our commitment to marketing has
helped further elevate our brands and strengthen our reputation for
product performance and quality, with a particular focus on the
perception of dedicated golfers. Our strategy is to deliver
equipment that is superior in performance and quality, validated by
the pyramid of influence. It is best‑in‑class performance and
quality products that earn and maintain dedicated golfers’ loyalty
and trust. Our marketing strategy, developed and refined over many
years, is to reinforce this loyalty and trust, driving connectivity
with our brands.
Raw Materials
Where possible, we use multiple suppliers
or multiple production facilities, some with geographic separation,
to reduce the risk of raw material shortages but, in some
instances, we rely on a sole or limited number of third-party
suppliers and manufacturers for raw materials. Our highest raw
material consumption for golf balls, in order, is polybutadiene,
ionomers, zinc diacrylate, urethane, and coatings. We source the
raw materials for our golf glove and golf shoe businesses, and
certain of the components for our golf shoe business, from
third-party suppliers. Our golf club team employs the primary
materials of steel, titanium, and aluminum and has six custom
manufacturing locations around the globe, with each being
responsible for supply chain execution, allowing each region to
respond to market specific needs or trends. For our golf gear and
FootJoy and KJUS apparel businesses, we source the finished
products from select third-party vendors that have the necessary
quality and technical capabilities.
Seasonality
Weather conditions in most parts of the world, including our
primary geographic markets, generally restrict golf from being
played year‑round, with many of our on‑course customers closed
during the cold weather months. In general, during the first
quarter, we begin selling our products into the golf retail channel
for the new golf season. This initial sell‑in generally continues
into the second quarter. Our second‑quarter sales are significantly
affected by the amount of sell‑through, in particular the amount of
higher value discretionary purchases made by customers, which
drives the level of reorders of the products sold during the first
quarter. Our third‑quarter sales are generally dependent on reorder
business, and are generally lower than the second quarter, as many
retailers begin decreasing their inventory levels in anticipation
of the end of the golf season. Our fourth‑quarter sales are
generally less than the other quarters due to the end of the golf
season in many of our key markets, but can also be affected by key
product launches, particularly golf clubs. This seasonality, and
therefore quarter to quarter fluctuations, can be affected by many
factors, including the timing of new product introductions as
discussed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations - Key Factors Affecting our
Results of Operations – Product Life Cycles,” Item 7 of Part II to
this report, as well as weather conditions. This seasonality
affects sales in each of our reportable segments differently. In
general, however, because of this seasonality, a larger portion of
our sales and profitability generally occurs during the first half
of the year.
Research and Product Development
Innovating within a highly regulated environment presents unique
challenges and opportunities that require a significant investment
in people, facilities and financial resources, with separate
dedicated R&D teams for each product category. We have six
R&D facilities and/or test centers supported by approximately
200 scientists, chemists, engineers and technicians in aggregate.
We are committed to continuous improvement and each R&D team is
tasked with developing technology that will deliver better quality
and performance products in each generation.
For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 we
invested $56.4 million, $55.3 million and $48.9 million,
respectively, in R&D.
Patents, Trademarks and Licenses
We consider our patents and trademarks to be among our most
valuable assets. We are dedicated to protecting the innovations
created by our R&D teams by developing broad and deep patent
and trademark portfolios across all product
categories.
As a result, we have strong patent positions across our product
categories and innovation spaces in which we operate, and have
become the leader in obtaining golf ball and golf club patents
worldwide. In addition, we believe we have more combined golf shoe
and golf glove utility patents than all competitors combined. We
have nearly 900 active U.S. utility patents in golf balls, nearly
500 active U.S. utility patents in golf clubs, wedges and putters
and nearly 350 active patents in golf shoes and gloves worldwide.
In 2022, we filed over 200 U.S. patent applications and over 400
worldwide.
We own or license a large portfolio of trademarks, including for
Titleist, Pro V1, Pro V1x, AVX, Union Green, Pinnacle, AP1,
AP2, TSR, T Series, CNCPT, Vokey Design, Scotty Cameron, the
Circle T Design, FootJoy, FJ, DryJoys, HyperFlex, StaSof, ProDry,
MyJoys, Club Glove and KJUS. We protect our trademarks by obtaining
registrations where appropriate and opposing or cancelling material
infringements. We also have rights in several common law
marks.
Competition
There are unique aspects to the competitive dynamic in each of our
product categories.
The golf ball business is highly competitive. There are a number of
well‑established and well‑financed competitors, including Topgolf
Callaway Brands ("Callaway"), TaylorMade, SRI Sports Limited
(Dunlop and Srixon brands) and Bridgestone (Bridgestone and Precept
brands).
The golf club, wedge and putter markets in which we compete are
also highly competitive and are served by a number of
well‑established and well‑financed companies with recognized brand
names, including Callaway, TaylorMade and Ping.
For golf balls and golf clubs, wedges and putters, we generally
compete on the basis of technology, quality, performance, custom
fitting and customer service.
In the golf gear market, there are numerous competitors in each
product category and geographical market. Titleist golf gear
generally competes on the basis of quality, performance, styling
and customer service.
FootJoy’s significant worldwide competitors in golf shoes include
Nike, Adidas and Ecco. FootJoy’s and Titleist's primary worldwide
competitors in golf gloves include Callaway, Nike, TaylorMade and
Adidas and a significant number of smaller companies with regional
offerings and specialized golf glove products. In the golf apparel
category, FootJoy has numerous competitors in each geographical
market, including Nike, Adidas, Peter Millar, GFore and Under
Armour. FootJoy products generally compete on the basis of quality,
performance, styling and price.
Environmental Matters
Our operations and properties are subject to federal, state and
local environmental laws and regulations that impose limitations on
the discharge of pollutants into the environment and establish
standards for the handling, generation, emission, release,
discharge, treatment, storage and disposal of certain materials,
substances and wastes and the remediation of environmental
contaminants. In the ordinary course of our manufacturing
processes, we use paints, chemical solvents and other materials,
and generate waste by‑products that are subject to these
environmental laws. We have incurred expenses in
connection with environmental compliance.
We are also involved in ongoing investigations with federal and
state environmental protection agencies, but do not expect to incur
future material costs for past and current environmental
issues. See "Risk Factors - We are subject to environmental,
health and safety laws and regulations, which could subject us to
liabilities, increase our costs or restrict our operations in the
future."
Regulation
The Rules of Golf
The Rules of Golf set forth the rules of play and the
rules for equipment used in the game of golf. The first
documented rules of golf date to 1744 and the modern
Rules of Golf have been in place for over 100 years.
Dedicated golfers respect the traditions of the game and play by
the Rules of Golf. As a result, premium‑positioned products
are designed and manufactured to conform to the Rules of
Golf.
The United States Golf Association (the "USGA") is the governing
body for golf in the United States and Mexico. The Royal and
Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews (the "R&A"), is the governing
body for golf in all jurisdictions outside of the United States and
Mexico. The USGA and the R&A together are the "Governing
Bodies" for golf, and collectively write, interpret and maintain
the Rules of Golf.
In addition to their role as rule makers, the Governing Bodies
conduct national championships and are involved in other efforts to
maintain the history and traditions of golf and promote the health
of the game.
The Rules of Golf set the standards and establish limitations
for the design and performance of all balls and clubs. Many new
regulations on golf balls and golf clubs have been introduced in
the past 25 years, which we believe was one of the most active
periods for golf equipment regulation in the history of golf. On
March 16, 2022, and as updated in June 2022, the Governing Bodies
issued an Areas of Interest notice, which is the initial step of
the established equipment rule making procedures. These notices
provide research and perspectives on topics that might lead to
equipment rules changes and give golf's stakeholders the
opportunity to provide opinions on the topics. The outcome of this
notice and the impact of any resulting potential changes to the
Rules of Golf is uncertain at this time.
Golf Balls
Historically, the Rules of Golf have regulated the size, weight,
spherical symmetry, initial velocity and overall distance
performance of golf balls. The overall distance standard was last
revised in 2004.
Golf Clubs
The Rules of Golf have also focused on golf club regulations. In
1998, a limitation was placed on the spring‑like effect of driver
faces. In 2003, limits were placed on club head dimensions and
volume, as well as shaft length. In 2007, club head moment of
inertia was limited. A rule change to allow greater
adjustability in golf clubs went into effect on January 1,
2008. In August 2008, the Governing Bodies adopted a
rule change further restricting golf club grooves by reducing
the groove volume and limiting the groove edge angle allowable on
irons and wedges. This rule change will not apply to most
golfers until January 1, 2024. It was implemented on
professional tours beginning in 2010 and was implemented in elite
amateur competitions beginning in 2014. All products manufactured
after December 31, 2010 must comply with the new groove
specifications. On October 12, 2021, the Governing Bodies announced
that a new Model Local Rule will be available beginning on January
1, 2022 to provide those running professional or elite amateur golf
competitions the option of limiting the maximum length of a golf
club (excluding putters) to 46 inches.
Our Position
In response to this active regulatory dynamic, our senior
management and R&D teams spend significant time and effort in
developing and maintaining relationships with the Governing Bodies
and we are an active participant with them and other stakeholders
in discussions regarding potential new rules and the
rule making process. More importantly, our R&D teams are
driven to innovate and continuously improve product technology and
performance within the Rules of Golf. The development and
protection of these innovations through aggressive patenting are
essential to competing in the current market. As a long‑time
industry participant and market leader, we are well‑positioned to
continue to outperform the market in a rules constrained
environment.
Employees and Human Capital Resources
Acushnet's associates and our enduring culture are two key elements
of our success. Guided by our strong corporate values, Acushnet’s
associates are a key source of competitive advantage. As of
December 31, 2022, we employed over 7,300 associates worldwide. The
addition of over 800 associates in 2022 was necessary to meet the
demand for our products. Reflecting our truly global organization,
over 2,800 of our associates are located in the Americas, over 600
are located in EMEA, and over 3,700 are located in Asia Pacific.
Approximately sixty percent (60%) of our associates are in
manufacturing roles across our global manufacturing footprint and
approximately fifty-three percent (53%) of our global associates
are women.
We strive to cultivate the skills, knowledge, and experiences in
our associates that enable Acushnet to continue its leadership in
performance and product quality. To retain talent and recruit new
associates, we utilize a dual approach, leveraging a long-standing
“build-from-within” talent development model coupled with
recruiting top talent from the external market. Additionally,
partnerships with universities, community organizations and
professional groups help us to attract candidates with diverse
backgrounds as we continue our focus on building an inclusive and
diverse organization, which in turn helps in broadening our reach.
We conduct annual talent reviews focused on performance, potential
and succession. Managers share open feedback and work closely with
associates to create individual, experiential development plans
balancing deep functional expertise with broad leadership
capabilities.
Essential to our recruitment and retention of top talent, is our
commitment to ensuring we benefit from a workplace built on our
core values, including diversity, inclusion, belonging and respect.
We seek to foster a culture where all associates can bring their
complete, authentic self to work and we aspire to increase the
diversity of our associate population globally.
Our Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging strategy and initiatives are
guided by an associate-led Council, consisting of associates from
all facets of the Company. Engagement with associates at all levels
is driven through open discussion, listening and engagement
surveys. Survey results continue to demonstrate that associate
engagement is strong, driven by what we believe to
be a strong sense of belonging within the Company and good
opportunities to learn and grow. We expect to continue to enhance
our associates' experience by listening to our associates,
incorporating leading ideas and best practices and working to
enhance our associates’ experience.
Long-term associate retention starts with a focus on the safety,
health and well-being of our associates. Acushnet’s Safety, Health
and Wellness journey began more than 25 years ago and our 6-point
safety program is a foundational principle of our operations across
the globe. Acushnet’s HealthWise program, "Wellness For Life,"
creates a culture to encourage and support associate safety, health
and wellness. Through partnerships with the medical community and
Acushnet HealthWise Coaches, associates gain access to high quality
health and wellness services. Associates receive incentives for
healthy behaviors, which include up to a 30% surcharge avoidance
for healthcare benefits. HealthWise is based on 4 pillars:
prevention, education, nutrition & fitness, and volunteerism.
Acushnet’s role is to encourage behaviors in each pillar through
offering on-site educational programs, fitness center programming,
on-site wellness staff to coach associates on meeting personal
nutritional or fitness goals, on-site services (physical therapy,
chiropractic care, mental health care, massage therapy, acupuncture
and reflexology) and volunteer activities in our local
communities.
The COVID-19 pandemic required the Company to modify Health and
Safety programs which we continue to maintain to ensure a healthy
and safe workplace across all of our global sites.
The learnings from the pandemic have been integrated into our
normal business practices which we regularly evaluate and will
adapt as needed in the future.
Acushnet aspires to be a high achieving workforce by providing a
workplace that inspires connection, innovation and excellence in
performance. As a result, we have recently shifted to a hybrid
flexibility model, designed to balance the needs of the role with
the flexibility associates desire. We believe strongly in deep
moments of collaboration and connection which drive our long
history of innovation, and the workplace strategy should support
those goals. Our workplace experience will optimize time spent
in-office by ideating, creating and connecting with peers. Local
leaders around the world are empowered to determine the best
flexibility approach for their geography based on the type of work
and culture they lead.
As a leader in performance and product quality, we drive high
performance standards and excellence, including by continually
developing and encouraging our associates to challenge the status
quo, and rewarding them with competitive compensation and benefits
packages. The highly cultivated and long-standing associate
experience at Acushnet remains a competitive advantage driving our
performance as the leader in performance products in the golf
industry.
ITEM 1A. RISK
FACTORS
Summary Risk Factors
Below is a summary of some of the principal risks that could
adversely affect our business, operations and financial
results:
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
•A
reduction in the number of rounds of golf played or in the number
of golf participants could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
•Unfavorable
weather conditions may impact the number of playable days and
rounds played in a given year.
•Changes
to the Rules of Golf with respect to equipment could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
•A
significant disruption in the operations of our manufacturing,
assembly or distribution facilities could materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
•Many
of our raw materials or components of our products are provided by
a sole or limited number of third-party suppliers and
manufacturers.
•A
disruption in the operations of our suppliers could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
•Our
business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows
have been, and could continue to be, impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic.
•We
may not successfully manage the frequent introduction of new
products or satisfy changing consumer preferences, quality and
regulatory standards.
•Failure
to successfully innovate and offer high-quality products may
adversely affect our ability to compete in the market for our
products.
•We
may be involved in lawsuits to protect, defend or enforce our
intellectual property rights, which could be expensive, time
consuming and unsuccessful.
•Our
products may infringe the intellectual property rights of others,
which may cause us to incur unexpected costs or prevent us from
selling our products.
•We
face intense competition in each of our markets and if we are
unable to maintain a competitive advantage, loss of market share,
sales or profitability may result.
•A
severe or prolonged economic downturn could adversely affect our
customers' financial condition, their levels of business activity
and their ability to pay trade obligations.
•We
depend on retailers and distributors to market and sell our
products, and our failure to maintain and further develop our sales
channels could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
•Our
business operations are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which
could result in fluctuations in our operating results and stock
price.
•Our
business and results of operations are subject to fluctuations
based on the timing of new product introductions.
•We
have significant international operations and are exposed to risks
associated with doing business globally.
•We
rely on complex information systems for management of our
manufacturing, distribution, sales and other functions. If our
information systems fail to perform these functions adequately or
if we experience an interruption in our operations, including a
breach in cybersecurity, our business, financial condition and
results of operations could be materially adversely
affected.
•Our
current senior management team and other key employees are critical
to our success and if we are unable to attract and/or retain key
employees and hire qualified management, technical and
manufacturing personnel, our ability to compete could be
harmed.
•Our
business could be materially adversely affected as a result of the
risks associated with acquisitions and investments.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
•A
high degree of leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise
additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to
react to changes in the economy or in our industry, expose us to
interest rate risk to the extent of our variable rate debt, and
prevent us from meeting our obligations under our
indebtedness.
•Our
credit agreements contain restrictions that limit our flexibility
in operating our business.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock
•The
interests of Magnus Holdings Co., Ltd. ("Magnus"), which is
wholly-owned by Fila Holdings Corp. (“Fila”), and Fila and any of
their successors or transferees may conflict with other holders of
our common stock.
•We
are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the rules of the
NYSE. As a result, we will qualify for, and may rely upon,
exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that
would otherwise provide protection to shareholders of other
companies.
•If
we are unable to maintain effective internal controls over
financial reporting, we may not be able to produce timely and
accurate financial statements, which could have a material adverse
effect on our business and stock price.
For a more complete discussion of the material risk facing our
business, see below. You should carefully consider each of the
following risk factors, as well as the other information in this
Annual Report, including our consolidated financial statements and
the related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” Item 7 of Part II,
included elsewhere in this report. If any of the following risks
actually occurs, our business, financial condition and results of
operations could be materially adversely affected. In that event,
the market price of our common stock could decline significantly
and you could lose all or part of your investment. The risks
described below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks we
are not presently aware of or that we currently believe are
immaterial could also materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
A reduction in the number of rounds of golf played or in the number
of golf participants could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We generate substantially all of our sales from the sale of
golf‑related products, including golf balls, golf clubs, golf
shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf apparel. The demand for
golf‑related products in general, and golf balls in particular, is
directly related to the number of golf participants and the number
of rounds of golf being played by these participants. If golf
participation or the number of rounds of golf played declines,
sales of our products may be adversely impacted, which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Unfavorable weather conditions may impact the number of
playable days and rounds played in a
given year.
Weather conditions in most parts of the world, including our
primary geographic markets, generally restrict golf from being
played year‑round, with many of our on‑course retail customers
closed during the cold weather months and, to a lesser extent,
during the hot weather months. Unfavorable weather conditions
in our major markets, such as a particularly long winter, a cold
and wet spring, or an extremely hot summer, would impact the number
of playable days and rounds played in a given year, which
would result in a decrease in the amount spent by golfers and golf
retailers on our products, particularly with respect to consumable
products such as golf balls and golf gloves. In
addition, unfavorable weather conditions and natural disasters can
adversely affect the number of custom club fitting and trial events
that we can perform during the key selling
period. Unusual or severe weather conditions throughout
the year, such as storms or droughts or other water shortages,
can negatively affect golf rounds played both during the events and
afterward, as weather damaged golf courses are repaired and golfers
focus on repairing the damage to their homes, businesses and
communities. Consequently, sustained adverse weather conditions,
especially during the warm weather months, could impact our
sales, which could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations. Adverse weather
conditions may have a greater impact on us than other golf
equipment companies as we have a large percentage of
consumable products in our product portfolio, and the purchase of
consumable products is generally more dependent on the number of
rounds played in a given year.
Consumer spending habits and macroeconomic factors may affect the
number of rounds of golf played and related spending on golf
products.
Our products are recreational in nature and are therefore
discretionary purchases for consumers. Consumers are generally more
willing to spend their time and money to play golf and make
discretionary purchases of golf products when economic conditions
are favorable and when consumers feel confident and prosperous.
Discretionary spending on golf and the golf products we sell is
affected by consumer spending habits as well as by many
macroeconomic factors, including general business conditions, stock
market prices and volatility, corporate spending, housing prices,
rate of inflation, interest rates, the availability of consumer
credit, taxes and consumer confidence in future economic
conditions. Consumers may reduce or postpone purchases of our
products as a result of shifts in consumer spending habits as well
as during periods when economic uncertainty increases, disposable
income is lower, or during periods of actual or perceived
unfavorable economic conditions. A future significant or prolonged
decline in general economic conditions or uncertainties regarding
future economic prospects that adversely affects consumer
discretionary spending, whether in the United States or in our
international markets, could result in reduced sales of our
products, which could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Demographic factors may affect the number of golf participants and
related spending on our products.
Golf is a recreational activity that requires time and money and
different generations and socioeconomic and ethnic groups use their
leisure time and discretionary funds in different ways. Golf
participation among younger generations and certain socioeconomic
and ethnic groups may not prove to be as popular as it is among
older "millennials" and the current “gen‑x” and “baby boomer”
generations. If golf participation or the number of rounds of golf
played declines due to factors such as demographic changes in the
United States and our international markets or lack of interest in
the sport among young people or certain socioeconomic and ethnic
groups, sales of our products could be negatively impacted, which
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
Changes to the Rules of Golf with respect to equipment could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Golf’s most regulated categories are golf balls and golf clubs. We
seek to have our new golf ball and golf club products conform with
the Rules of Golf published by the United States Golf
Association (the "USGA") and The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of
St. Andrews (the "R&A" and, with the USGA, the "Governing
Bodies"), because these rules are generally followed by
golfers, both professional and amateur, within their respective
jurisdictions. The USGA publishes rules that are generally
followed in the United States and Mexico, and the R&A publishes
rules that are generally followed in most other countries
throughout the world. The Rules of Golf as published by the
Governing Bodies are virtually the same and are intended to be so
pursuant to a Joint Statement of Principles issued in 2001. The
Rules of Golf set the guidelines and establish limitations for
the design and performance of all golf balls and golf
clubs.
Many new regulations on golf balls and golf clubs have been
introduced in the past 25 years, which we believe was one of
the most active periods for golf equipment regulation in the
history of golf. The Rules of Golf have historically regulated the
size, weight and initial velocity of golf balls. More recently, the
Governing Bodies have specifically focused on regulating the
overall distance of a golf ball. The Governing Bodies have also
focused on golf club regulations, including limiting the size and
spring‑like effect of driver faces and club head moment of inertia.
In the future, existing Rules of Golf may be altered in ways that
adversely affect the sales of our current or future products,
including with respect to the Distance Insights Project. On March
16, 2022, and as updated in June 2022, the Governing Bodies issued
an Areas of Interest notice, which is the initial step of the
established equipment rule making procedures. These notices provide
research and perspectives on topics that might lead to equipment
rules changes and give golf's stakeholders the opportunity to
provide opinions on the topics. The outcome of this notice and the
impact of any resulting potential changes to the Rules of Golf is
uncertain at this time. If a change in rules was adopted and
caused one or more of our current or future products to be
nonconforming, sales of such products would be impacted and we may
not be able to adapt our products promptly to such
rule change, which could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of operations. In
addition, changes in the Rules of Golf may result in an
increase in the costs of materials that would need to be used to
develop new products as well as an increase in the costs to design
new products that conform to such rules.
A significant disruption in the operations of our manufacturing,
assembly or distribution facilities could materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We rely on our manufacturing facilities in the United States,
Thailand and China and assembly and distribution facilities in many
of our major markets, certain of which constitute our sole
manufacturing facility for a particular product category, including
our joint venture facility in China where the majority of our golf
shoes are manufactured and our facility in Thailand where we
manufacture the majority of our golf gloves. Because substantially
all of our products are manufactured and assembled in and
distributed from a few locations, our operations could be
interrupted by events beyond our control, including:
•power
loss or network connectivity or telecommunications failure or
downtime;
•equipment
failure;
•human
error or accidents;
•sabotage
or vandalism;
•physical
or electronic security breaches;
•floods,
fires, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis or other
natural disasters;
•political
unrest;
•labor
difficulties, including work stoppages, slowdowns, labor shortages
or excessive turnover;
•water
damage or water shortage;
•government
orders and regulations;
•pandemics
and other health and safety issues (including, for example, the
COVID-19 pandemic); and
•terrorism.
Our manufacturing, assembly and distribution capacity is also
dependent on the performance of services by third parties,
including vendors, landlords and logistics and transportation
providers. If we encounter problems with our manufacturing,
assembly and distribution facilities, our ability to meet customer
expectations, manage inventory, avoid errors, complete sales and
achieve objectives for operating efficiencies could be harmed,
which could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations. We maintain business
interruption insurance, but it may not adequately protect us from
the adverse effects that could result from significant disruptions
to our manufacturing, assembly and distribution facilities, such as
the long‑term loss of customers or an erosion of our brand
image.
During 2022 we experienced supply chain related disruptions that
resulted in several significant cost impacts to our distribution
and transportation services necessary to delivery our products to
our customers. Our parcel and freight carriers implemented freight
rate surcharges related to the ability of the carriers to attract
and retain the required number of drivers to handle increased
shipping volume during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our 3PL warehouse
partners experienced extraordinary levels of labor turnover due to
low work force participation and increased competition for
warehouse labor that resulted in several unplanned labor rate
increases necessary to attract the required work force. Typical
supplies for warehouse operations including corrugated cardboard,
packaging, and pallets experienced unbudgeted price increases as
demand soared and sources of supply struggled to deliver product
due to international and domestic capacity constraints in
manufacturing and transportation.
Our manufacturing, assembly and distribution networks include
computer processes, software and automated equipment that may be
subject to a number of risks related to cybersecurity, the proper
operation of software and hardware, electronic or power
interruptions or other system failures.
Many of our raw materials or components of our products are
provided by a sole or limited number of third‑party suppliers and
manufacturers.
We rely on a sole or limited number of third‑party suppliers and
manufacturers for many of our raw materials and the components in
our golf balls, golf clubs, golf gloves and certain of our other
products. We also use specialized sources for certain of the raw
materials used to make our golf gloves and other products, and
these sources are limited to certain geographical locations.
Furthermore, many of these materials are customized for us and some
of our products require specially developed manufacturing
techniques and processes which make it difficult to identify and
utilize alternative suppliers quickly. If we were to experience any
delay or interruption in such supplies, we may not be able to find
adequate alternative suppliers at a reasonable cost or without
significant disruption to our business. We continue to be exposed
to price increases and availability risks with respect to certain
materials and components used by us, our suppliers and our
manufacturers, including polybutadiene, urethane and Surlyn for the
manufacturing of our golf balls, titanium and steel for the
assembly of our golf clubs, leather and synthetic fabrics for our
golf shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf apparel, and resin and
other
petroleum‑based materials for a number of our products. Further
supply chain disruptions or shortages in raw materials could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
A disruption in the operations of our suppliers could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Our ability to continue to select reliable suppliers who provide
timely deliveries of quality materials and components will impact
our success in meeting customer demand for timely delivery of
quality products. If we experience significantly increased demand,
or if, for any reason, we need to replace an existing manufacturer
or supplier, there can be no assurance that additional supplies of
raw materials or additional manufacturing capacity will be
available when required on terms that are acceptable to us, or at
all, or that any new supplier or manufacturer would allocate
sufficient capacity to us in order to meet our requirements. For
example, during 2022 we continued to experience supply chain
disruptions causing shortages of various raw materials, and these
issues are expected to continue to a lesser extent in 2023. In
addition, should we decide to transition existing manufacturing
between third‑party manufacturers or should we decide to transition
existing in‑house manufacturing to third‑party manufacturers, the
risk of such a problem could increase. Even if we are able to
expand existing or find new manufacturing sources, we may encounter
delays in production and added costs as a result of the time it
takes to train our suppliers and manufacturers in our methods,
products and quality control standards. Any material delays,
interruption or increased costs in the supply of raw materials or
components of our products could impact our ability to meet
customer demand for our products, which could materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
In addition, there can be no assurance that our suppliers and
manufacturers will continue to provide raw materials and components
that are consistent with our standards and that comply with all
applicable laws and regulations. We have occasionally received, and
may in the future receive, shipments of supplies or components that
fail to conform to our quality control standards. In that event,
unless we are able to obtain replacement supplies or components in
a timely manner, we risk the loss of sales resulting from the
inability to manufacture our products and could incur related
increased administrative and shipping costs, and there also could
be a negative impact to our brands, any of which could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
While we do not control our suppliers or their labor practices,
negative publicity regarding the management of facilities,
production methods of or materials used by any of our suppliers
could adversely affect our reputation, which could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations and may force us to locate alternative suppliers. In
addition, our suppliers may not be well capitalized and they may
not be able to fulfill their obligations to us or may go out of
business. Furthermore, the ability of third‑party suppliers to
timely deliver raw materials or components may be affected by
events beyond their control, such as work stoppages or
slowdowns, transportation issues, changes in trade or tariff laws,
or significant weather and health conditions.
Our business, financial position, results of operations and cash
flows have been, and could continue to be, impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic, and the various governmental, industry and
consumer actions taken in response thereto, have impacted and could
continue to impact our business. These impacts may include
volatility in demand for our products; temporary closures of golf
courses, and both on-course and off-course retail locations;
cancellation of professional golf tour events; changes in consumer
behavior in affected regions that impact discretionary spending;
disruptions within our supply chain or at our manufacturing
facilities; significant changes in economic or political
conditions; and related volatility in financial and market
conditions. Our financial results and operations continue to be
impacted by the macroeconomic environment. Global supply chain
issues and the impact of inflation have resulted and, in 2023, are
expected to continue to result, in constrained raw material,
component and sourced product availability and increased raw
material and other input costs, including higher freight
expense.
We cannot predict the full extent of the impact of the pandemic on
the economy, trade, our business and the businesses of our
customers and suppliers. While it is impossible to quantify the
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, business disruptions as a result
of the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to have a material impact
on our business, results of operations, financial position and cash
flows. The degree to which the COVID-19 pandemic and related
actions ultimately impact our business, financial position, results
of operations and cash flows will depend on factors beyond our
control. Although we have seen recovery in the geographic regions
where we do business, if those regions alter their approach to
containment (as did China in late 2022) or fail to fully contain
the COVID-19 pandemic, the spread of the virus continues or new,
more virulent strains of the virus emerge, those markets may not
recover as quickly or at all. A prolonged decline in general
economic conditions or uncertainties regarding future economic
prospects as a result of the pandemic could adversely affect
consumer confidence and discretionary spending, which in turn could
result in further reduced sales of our products and could
materially adversely affect our business, financial position,
results of operations and cash flows.
The cost of raw materials and components could affect our operating
results.
The materials and components used by us, our suppliers and our
manufacturers involve raw materials, including polybutadiene,
urethane and Surlyn for the manufacturing of our golf balls,
titanium and steel for the manufacture of our golf clubs, leather
and synthetic fabrics for the manufacturing of our golf shoes, golf
gloves, golf gear and golf apparel, and resin and other
petroleum‑based materials for a number of our products. In 2022, we
continued to experience price increases and availability risks with
respect to certain materials and components used by us, our
suppliers and our manufacturers, and significant price fluctuations
or shortages in such raw materials or components, including the
costs to transport such materials or components of our products,
the uncertainty of currency fluctuations against the U.S. dollar,
increases in labor rates, trade duties or tariffs, and/or the
introduction of new and expensive raw materials, could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Our operations are conducted worldwide and our results of
operations are subject to currency transaction risk and currency
translation risk that could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, $1,042.5 million of our
net sales were generated outside of the United States by our
non‑U.S. subsidiaries. Sales by geographic area are included in
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations,” Item 7 of Part II and “Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements –Note 21 – Segment
Information,” Item 8 of Part II, included elsewhere in this report.
Substantially all of these net sales generated outside of the
United States were generated in the applicable local currency,
which include, but are not limited to, the Japanese yen, the Korean
won, the British pound sterling, the euro and the Canadian dollar.
In contrast, substantially all of the purchases of inventory, raw
materials or components by our non‑U.S. subsidiaries are made in
U.S. dollars. For the year ended December 31, 2022,
approximately 85% of our cost of goods sold incurred by our
non‑U.S. subsidiaries was denominated in U.S. dollars. Because our
non‑U.S. subsidiaries incur substantially all of their cost of
goods sold in currencies that are different from the currencies in
which they generate substantially all of their sales, we are
exposed to transaction risk attributable to fluctuations in such
exchange rates, which can impact the gross profit of our non‑U.S.
subsidiaries. If the U.S. dollar strengthens against the applicable
local currency, more local currency will be needed to purchase the
same amount of cost of goods sold denominated in U.S. dollars,
which could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We have entered and expect to continue to enter into various
foreign exchange forward contracts in an effort to protect against
adverse changes in foreign exchange rates and attempt to minimize
foreign currency transaction risk. Our hedging activities can
reduce, but will not eliminate, the effects of foreign currency
transaction risk on our financial results. The extent to which our
hedging activities mitigate foreign currency transaction risks
varies based upon many factors, including the amount of
transactions being hedged. Other factors that could affect the
effectiveness of our hedging activities include accuracy of sales
forecasts, volatility of currency markets, the availability of
hedging instruments and limitations on the duration of such hedging
instruments. Since the hedging activities are designed to reduce
volatility, they not only reduce the negative impact of a stronger
U.S. dollar but could also reduce the positive impact of a weaker
U.S. dollar. We are also exposed to credit risk from the
counterparties to our hedging activities and market conditions
could cause such counterparties to experience financial
difficulties. As a result, our efforts to hedge these exposures
could prove unsuccessful and, furthermore, our ability to engage in
additional hedging activities may decrease or become more
costly.
Because our consolidated accounts are reported in U.S. dollars, we
are also exposed to currency translation risk when we translate the
financial results of our consolidated non‑U.S. subsidiaries from
their local currency into U.S. dollars. In each of the three years
ended December 31, 2022, approximately one-half of our net sales
and one-third of our total operating expenses (which amounts
represent substantially all of the operating expenses incurred by
our non‑U.S. subsidiaries) were denominated in foreign currencies.
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may positively or
negatively affect our reported financial results and can
significantly affect period‑over‑period comparisons. A
strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to our foreign currencies
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
We may not successfully manage the frequent introduction of new
products or satisfy changing consumer preferences, quality and
regulatory standards.
The golf equipment and golf wear industries are subject to
constantly and rapidly changing consumer demands based, in large
part, on performance benefits. Our golf ball and golf club products
generally have launch cycles of two years, and our sales in a
particular year are affected by when we launch such products.
We generally introduce new product offerings and styles in our golf
wear and gear businesses each year and at different times
during the year. Factors driving these short product launch
cycles include the rapid introduction of competitive products and
consumer demands for the latest technology, style or fashion. In
this marketplace, a substantial portion of our annual sales are
generated each year by new products.
These marketplace conditions raise a number of issues that we must
successfully manage. For example, we must properly anticipate
consumer preferences and design products that meet those
preferences, while also complying with significant restrictions
imposed by the Rules of Golf, or our new products will not
achieve sufficient market success to compensate for the usual
decline in sales experienced by products already in the market.
Second, our R&D and supply chain groups face constant pressures
to design, develop, source and supply new products—many of which
incorporate new or otherwise untested technology, suppliers or
inputs—that perform better than their predecessors while
maintaining quality control and the authenticity of our brands.
Third, for new products to generate equivalent or greater sales
than their predecessors, they must either maintain the same or
higher sales levels with the same or higher pricing, or exceed the
performance of their predecessors in one or both of those areas.
Fourth, the relatively short window of opportunity for launching
and selling new products requires great precision in forecasting
demand and ensuring that supplies are ready and delivered during
the critical selling periods. Finally, the rapid changeover in
products creates a need to monitor and manage the closeout of older
products both at retail and in our own inventory. If we do not
successfully manage the frequent introduction of new products or
satisfy consumer demand, it could adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Failure to successfully innovate and offer high‑quality products
may adversely affect our ability to compete in the market for our
products.
Technical innovation and quality control in the design and
manufacturing processes of our products is essential to our
commercial success. R&D plays a key role in technical
innovation. We rely upon experts in various fields to develop and
test cutting edge performance products. If we fail to introduce
technical innovation in our products, consumer demand for our
products could decline, and if we experience problems with the
quality of our products, we may incur substantial expense to remedy
the problems, any of which could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Failure to adequately enforce and protect our intellectual property
rights could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We own numerous patents, trademarks, trade secrets, copyrights and
other intellectual property and hold licenses to intellectual
property owned by others, which in the aggregate are important to
our business. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark,
copyright and trade secret laws in our core geographic markets and
other jurisdictions, to protect the innovations, brands,
proprietary trade secrets and know‑how related to certain aspects
of our business. Certain of our intellectual property rights, such
as patents, are time‑limited, and the technology underlying our
patents can be used by any third party, including competitors, once
the applicable patent terms expire.
We seek to protect our confidential proprietary information, in
part, by entering into confidentiality and invention assignment
agreements with our employees, consultants, contractors, suppliers
and others. While these agreements are designed to protect our
proprietary information, we cannot be certain that such agreements
have been entered into with all relevant parties, and we cannot be
certain that our trade secrets and other confidential proprietary
information will not be disclosed or that competitors will not
otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or independently develop
substantially equivalent information and techniques. We also seek
to preserve the integrity and confidentiality of our proprietary
information by maintaining physical security of our premises and
physical and electronic security of our information technology
systems, but it is possible that these security measures could be
breached. If we are unable to prevent disclosure to third parties
of our material proprietary and confidential know‑how and trade
secrets, our ability to establish or maintain a competitive
advantage in our markets may be adversely affected.
We selectively and strategically pursue patent and trademark
protection in our core geographic markets, but our strategy has
been to not perfect certain patent and trademark rights in some
countries. For example, we focus primarily on securing patent
protection in those countries where the majority of our golf ball
and golf club industry production takes place. Accordingly, we may
not be able to prevent others, including competitors, from
practicing our patented inventions, including by manufacturing and
selling competing products, in those countries where we have not
obtained patent protection. Further, the laws of some foreign
countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent or
in the same manner as the laws of the United States. As a result,
we may encounter significant problems in protecting, enforcing and
defending our intellectual property outside of the United States.
In some foreign countries, where intellectual property laws or law
enforcement practices do not protect our intellectual property
rights as fully as in the United States, third‑party manufacturers
may be able to manufacture and sell imitation products and diminish
the value of our brands as well as infringe our rights, despite our
efforts to prevent such activity.
The golf ball and golf club industries, in particular, have been
characterized by widespread imitation of popular ball and club
designs. We have an active program of monitoring, investigating and
enforcing our proprietary rights against companies and individuals
who market or manufacture counterfeits and “knockoff” products. We
assert our rights against infringers of our patents, trademarks,
trade dress and copyrights. However, these efforts may be
expensive, time‑consuming,
divert management’s attention, and ultimately may not be successful
in reducing sales of golf products by these infringers. The failure
to prevent or limit such infringers or imitators could adversely
affect our reputation and sales. Additionally, other golf ball and
golf club manufacturers may be able to produce successful golf
balls or golf clubs which imitate our designs without infringing
any of our patents, trademarks, trade dress or copyrights, which
could limit our ability to maintain a competitive advantage in our
marketplace.
If we fail to obtain enforceable patents, trademarks and trade
secrets, fail to maintain our existing patent, trademark and trade
secret rights, or fail to prevent substantial unauthorized use of
our patents, trademarks and trade secrets, we risk the loss of our
intellectual property rights and competitive advantages we have
developed, which may result in lost sales. Accordingly, we devote
substantial resources to the establishment and protection of our
trademarks, patents and trade secrets or know‑how, and we
continuously evaluate the utility of our existing intellectual
property and the new registration of additional trademarks and
patents, as appropriate. However, we cannot guarantee that we will
have adequate resources to continue to effectively establish,
maintain and enforce our intellectual property rights. We also
cannot guarantee that any of our pending applications will be
approved by the applicable governmental authorities. Moreover, even
if the applications will be registered during the registration
process, third parties may seek to oppose, limit, or otherwise
challenge these applications or registrations.
We may be involved in lawsuits to protect, defend or enforce our
intellectual property rights, which could be expensive, time
consuming and unsuccessful.
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our
trademarks, patents and trade secrets from unauthorized use by
others. To counter infringement or unauthorized use, we may be
required to file infringement or misappropriation claims, which can
be expensive and time‑consuming and could materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of operations,
even if successful. Any claims that we assert against perceived
infringers could also provoke these parties to assert counterclaims
against us alleging that we infringe or misappropriate their
intellectual property rights or that we have engaged in
anti‑competitive conduct. Moreover, our involvement in litigation
against third parties asserting infringement of our intellectual
property rights presents some risk that our intellectual property
rights could be challenged and invalidated. In addition, in an
infringement proceeding, whether initiated by us or another party,
a court may refuse to stop the other party in such infringement
proceeding from using the technology or mark at issue on the
grounds that our patents do not cover the technology in question or
misuse our trade secrets or know‑how. An adverse result in any
litigation or defense proceedings, including proceedings at the
patent and trademark offices, could put one or more of our patents
or trademarks at risk of being invalidated, held unenforceable or
interpreted narrowly, and could put any of our patent or trademark
applications at risk of not being issued as a registered patent or
trademark, any of which could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery
required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there
is a risk that some of our confidential proprietary information
could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.
In addition, there could be public announcements of the results of
hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If
securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be
negative, it could materially adversely affect the price of our
common stock.
Our products may infringe the intellectual property rights of
others, which may cause us to incur unexpected costs or prevent us
from selling our products.
From time to time, third parties have challenged our patents,
trademark rights and branding practices, or asserted intellectual
property rights that relate to our products and product features.
We cannot assure you that our actions taken to establish and
protect our technology and brands will be adequate to prevent
others from seeking to block sales of our products or to obtain
monetary damages, based on alleged violation of their patents,
trademarks or other proprietary rights. We may be required to
defend such claims in the future, which, whether or not
meritorious, could result in substantial costs and diversion of
resources and could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
If we are found to infringe a third party’s intellectual property
rights, we could be forced, including by court order, to cease
developing, manufacturing or commercializing the infringing
product. Alternatively, we may be required to obtain a license from
such a third party in order to use the infringing technology and
continue developing, manufacturing or marketing such technology. In
such a case, license agreements may require us to pay royalties and
other fees that could be significant, or we may not be able to
obtain any required license on commercially reasonable terms or at
all. Even if we were able to obtain a license, it could be
non‑exclusive, thereby giving our competitors access to the same
technologies licensed to us. A finding of infringement could
prevent us from commercializing our products or force us to cease
some of our business operations, or to redesign or rename some of
our products to avoid future infringement liability. In addition,
we could be found liable for monetary damages, including treble
damages and attorneys’ fees if we are found to have willfully
infringed a patent. Claims
that we have misappropriated the confidential information or trade
secrets of third parties could also materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of operations. See also
“—We may be involved in lawsuits to protect, defend or enforce our
intellectual property rights, which could be expensive, time
consuming and unsuccessful.” Any of the foregoing could cause us to
incur significant costs and prevent us from manufacturing or
selling certain of our products.
Changes to patent laws could adversely affect our ability to
protect our intellectual property.
Patent reform legislation may increase the uncertainties and costs
surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the
enforcement or defense of our issued patents. For example, the
Leahy‑Smith America Invents Act (the "Leahy‑Smith Act"), which was
adopted in September 2011, includes a number of significant
changes to the U.S. patent laws, such as, among other things,
changing from a “first to invent” to a “first inventor to file”
system, establishing new procedures for challenging patents and
establishing different methods for invalidating patents. Some of
these changes or potential changes may not be advantageous to us,
and it may become more difficult to obtain adequate patent
protection or to enforce our patents against third parties. These
changes or potential changes could increase the costs and
uncertainties surrounding the prosecution of our patent
applications and adversely affect our ability to protect our
intellectual property which could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Furthermore, the U.S. Supreme Court and the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit have made, and may in the future make,
changes in how the patent laws of the United States are
interpreted. Similarly, foreign courts have made, and may in the
future make, changes in how the patent laws in their respective
jurisdictions are interpreted. We cannot predict future changes in
the interpretation of patent laws or changes to patent laws that
might be enacted into law by United States and foreign legislative
bodies. Those changes may materially affect our patents or
patent applications and our ability to obtain and enforce or defend
additional patent protection in the future.
We face intense competition in each of our markets and if we are
unable to maintain a competitive advantage, loss of market share,
sales or profitability may result.
The markets for golf balls, clubs, gear and wear are highly
competitive and there may be low barriers to entry in many of our
markets. Pricing pressures, reduced profit margins or loss of
market share or failure to grow in any of our markets, due to
competition or otherwise, could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We compete against large‑scale global sports equipment and apparel
players, Japanese industrials, and more specialized golf equipment
and golf wear players, including Callaway, TaylorMade, Ping, SRI
Sports Limited, Bridgestone, Nike, Adidas and Under Armour. Many of
our competitors have significant competitive strengths, including
long operating histories, a large and broad consumer base,
established relationships with a broad set of suppliers and
customers, an established regional or local presence, strong brand
recognition and greater financial, R&D, marketing, distribution
and other resources than we do. There are unique aspects to the
competitive dynamic in each of our product categories and markets.
We are not the market leader with respect to certain categories or
in certain markets.
Golf Balls.
The golf ball business is highly competitive. There are a number of
well‑established and well‑financed competitors. We and our
competitors continue to incur significant costs in the areas of
R&D, advertising, marketing, tour and other promotional support
to be competitive.
Golf Clubs.
The golf club markets in which we compete are also highly
competitive and are served by a number of well‑established and
well‑financed companies with recognized brand names. New product
introductions, price reductions, consignment sales, extended
payment terms, “closeouts,” including closeouts of products that
were recently commercially successful, and significant tour and
advertising spending by competitors continue to generate intense
market competition and create market disruptions. Our competitors
in the golf club market have in the past and may continue to
introduce their products on an accelerated cycle which could lead
to market disruption and impact sales of our products.
Golf Gear.
The golf gear market is fragmented and served by a number of
established competitors as well as a number of smaller competitors.
We face significant competition in every region with respect to
each of our golf gear product categories.
Golf Wear.
In the golf wear markets, we compete with a number of
well‑established and well‑financed companies with recognized brand
names. These competitors may have a large and broad consumer base,
established relationships with a broad set of suppliers and
customers, strong brand recognition and significant financial,
R&D, marketing, distribution and other resources which may
exceed our own.
Our competitors may be able to create and maintain brand awareness
and market share more quickly and effectively than we can. Our
competitors may also be able to increase sales in new and existing
markets faster than we do by emphasizing different distribution
channels or through other methods, and many of our competitors have
substantial resources to devote towards increasing sales. If we are
unable to grow or maintain our competitive position in any of our
product categories, it could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We may have limited opportunities for future growth in sales of
certain of our products, including golf balls, golf shoes and golf
gloves.
We already have a significant share of worldwide sales of golf
balls, golf shoes and golf gloves and the golf industry is very
competitive. As such, our ability to gain incremental market share
quickly or at all may be limited given the competitive nature of
the golf industry and other challenges to the golf industry. In the
future, the overall dollar volume of worldwide sales of golf
equipment, wear and gear may not grow or may decline which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
A severe or prolonged economic downturn could adversely affect our
customers’ financial condition, their levels of business activity
and their ability to pay trade obligations.
We primarily sell our products to golf equipment retailers, such as
on‑course golf shops, golf specialty stores and other qualified
retailers, directly and to foreign distributors. We perform ongoing
credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and
generally require no collateral from these customers. However, a
severe or prolonged downturn in the general economy could adversely
affect the retail golf equipment market, which in turn would
negatively impact the liquidity and cash flows of our customers,
including the ability of such customers to obtain credit to finance
purchases of our products and to pay their trade obligations. This
could result in increased delinquent or uncollectible accounts for
our customers as well as a decrease in orders for our products by
such customers. A failure by our customers to pay a significant
portion of outstanding accounts receivable balances on a timely
basis or a decrease in orders from such customers could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
A decrease in corporate spending on our custom logo golf balls
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
Custom imprinted golf balls, a majority of which are purchased by
corporate customers, are estimated to represent, on average,
between 25 - 30% of our global net golf ball sales. There has long
been a strong connection between the business community and golf,
and if corporate spending decreases, it could impact the sales of
our custom imprinted golf balls.
We depend on retailers and distributors to market and sell our
products, and our failure to maintain and further develop our sales
channels could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We primarily sell our products through retailers and distributors
and depend on these third parties to market and sell our products
to consumers. Any changes to our current mix of retailers and
distributors could adversely affect our sales and could negatively
affect both our brand image and our reputation. Our sales depend,
in part, on retailers adequately displaying our products, including
providing attractive space and merchandise displays in their
stores, and training their sales personnel to sell our products. If
our retailers and distributors are not successful in selling our
products, our sales would decrease. Our retailers frequently offer
products and services of our competitors in their stores. In
addition, our success in growing our presence in existing and
expanding into new international markets will depend on our ability
to establish relationships with new retailers and distributors. If
we do not maintain our relationship with existing retailers and
distributors or develop relationships with new retailers and
distributors, our ability to sell our products would be negatively
impacted.
On a consolidated basis, no one customer that sells or distributes
our products accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated net
sales in the year ended December 31, 2022. However, our top
ten customers accounted for approximately 20% of our consolidated
net sales in the year ended December 31, 2022. Accordingly,
the loss of a small number of our large customers, or the reduction
in business with one or more of these customers, could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations. We do not currently have minimum purchase agreements
with these large customers.
Consolidation of retailers or concentration of retail market share
among a few retailers may increase and concentrate our credit risk,
put pressure on our margins and impair our ability to sell
products.
The sporting goods and off‑course golf equipment retail markets in
some countries, including the United States, are dominated by a few
large retailers. Certain of these retailers have in the past
increased their market share and may continue to do so in the
future by expanding through acquisitions and construction of
additional stores. Industry consolidation and correction has
occurred in recent years and additional consolidation and
correction is possible. These situations may result in a
concentration of our credit risk with respect to our sales to such
retailers, and, if any of these retailers were to experience a
shortage of liquidity or other financial difficulties, or file for
bankruptcy or receivership protection, it would increase the risk
that their outstanding payables to us may not be paid. This
consolidation may also result in larger retailers gaining increased
leverage which may impact our margins. In addition, increasing
market share concentration among one or a few retailers in a
particular country or region increases the risk that if any one of
them substantially reduces their purchases of our products,
we
may be unable to find a sufficient number of other retail outlets
for our products to sustain the same level of sales. Any reduction
in sales by our retailers could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Our business depends on strong brands, and if we are not able to
maintain and enhance our brands we may be unable to sell our
products.
Our brands have worldwide recognition and our success depends on
our ability to maintain and enhance our brand image and reputation.
In particular, we believe that maintaining and enhancing the
Titleist, Scotty Cameron, Vokey, FootJoy and KJUS brands is
critical to maintaining and expanding our customer base.
Maintaining, promoting and enhancing our brands may require us to
make substantial investments in areas such as product innovation,
product quality, intellectual property protection, marketing and
employee training, and these investments may not have the desired
impact on our brand image and reputation. Our business could be
adversely impacted if we fail to achieve any of these objectives or
if the reputation or image of any of our brands is tarnished or
receives negative publicity. In addition, adverse publicity about
regulatory or legal action against us could damage our reputation
and brand image, undermine consumer confidence in us and reduce
long‑term demand for our products, even if the regulatory or legal
action is unfounded or not material to our operations. Also, as we
seek to grow our presence in existing and expand into new
geographic or product markets, consumers in these markets may not
accept our brand image and may not be willing to pay a premium to
purchase our products as compared to other brands. We anticipate
that as our business continues to grow our presence in existing and
expand into new markets, maintaining and enhancing our brands may
become increasingly difficult and expensive. If we are unable to
maintain or enhance the image of our brands, it could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Our business operations are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which
could result in fluctuations in our operating results and stock
price.
Our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations because golf is
played primarily on a seasonal basis in most of the regions where
we do business. In general, during the first quarter, we begin
selling our products into the golf retail channel for the new golf
season. This initial sell‑in generally continues into the second
quarter. Our second‑quarter sales are significantly affected by the
amount of sell‑through, in particular the amount of higher value
discretionary purchases made by customers, which drives the level
of reorders of our products sold‑in during the first quarter. Our
third‑quarter sales are generally dependent on reorder business,
and are generally less than the second quarter as many retailers
begin decreasing their inventory levels in anticipation of the end
of the golf season. Our fourth‑quarter sales are generally less
than the other quarters due to the end of the golf season in many
of our key markets, but can also be affected by key product
launches, particularly golf clubs. Accordingly, our results of
operations are likely to fluctuate significantly from period to
period. This seasonality affects sales in each of our reportable
segments differently. In general, however, because of this
seasonality, a majority of our sales and most of our profitability
generally occurs during the first half of the year. Results of
operations in any period should not be considered indicative of the
results to be expected for any future period. The seasonality of
our business could be exacerbated by the adverse effects of unusual
or severe weather conditions as well as by severe weather
conditions caused or exacerbated by climate change.
Our business and results of operations are also subject to
fluctuations based on the timing of new product
introductions.
Our sales can also be affected by the launch timing of new
products. Product introductions generally stimulate sales as the
golf retail channel takes on inventory of new products. Reorders of
these new products then depend on the rate of sell‑through.
Announcements of new products can often cause our customers to
defer purchasing additional golf equipment until our new products
are available. Our varying product introduction cycles, which are
described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations—Key Factors Affecting Our
Results of Operations – Cyclicality,” Item 7 of Part II to this
report, may cause our results of operations to fluctuate as each
product line has different volumes, prices and
margins.
We have significant international operations and are exposed to
risks associated with doing business globally.
We sell and distribute our products directly in many key
international markets in Europe, Asia, North America and elsewhere
around the world. These activities have resulted and will continue
to result in investments in inventory, accounts receivable,
employees, corporate infrastructure and facilities. In addition, in
the United States there are a limited number of suppliers of
certain raw materials and components for our products as well as
finished goods that we sell, and we have increasingly become more
reliant on suppliers and vendors located outside of the United
States. The operation of foreign distribution in our international
markets, as well as the management of relationships with
international suppliers and vendors, will continue to require the
dedication of management and other resources. We also manufacture
certain of our products outside of the United States, including
some of our golf balls and substantially all of our golf gloves in
Thailand and the majority of our golf shoes through our joint
venture in China.
The current U.S. presidential administration may support and
introduce certain new tax, trade and tariff proposals,
modifications to international trade policy and other changes,
which may affect U.S. trade relations with other countries.
Further, any changes in global or national political movements or
trade policies could alter the trade environment and consumer
purchasing behavior which, in turn, could have a material effect on
our financial condition and results of operations.
While the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union ("Brexit")
on December 31, 2020 is now complete, policies and border control
procedures continue to evolve and we continue to monitor the impact
from related costs and on product transit times into the European
Union and United Kingdom.
As a result of our international business operations, we are
exposed to increased risks inherent in conducting business outside
of the United States. In addition to the uncertainty and the
foreign currency risks discussed previously under “—Our operations
are conducted worldwide and our results of operations are subject
to currency transaction risk and currency translation risk that
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations,” these risks include:
•increased
difficulty in protecting our intellectual property rights and trade
secrets;
•unexpected
government action or changes in legal, trade, tax or regulatory
requirements;
•social,
economic or political instability;
•the
effects of any anti‑American sentiments on our brands or sales of
our products;
•increased
difficulty in ensuring compliance by employees, agents and
contractors with our policies as well as with the laws of multiple
jurisdictions, including but not limited to the U.S. Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA"), and similar anti‑bribery and
anti‑corruption laws, local and international environmental, health
and safety laws, and increasingly complex regulations relating to
data privacy and the conduct of international
commerce;
•increased
difficulty in controlling and monitoring foreign operations from
the United States, including increased difficulty in identifying
and recruiting qualified personnel for its foreign operations;
and
•increased
exposure to interruptions in air carrier or ship
services.
Any violation of our policies or any applicable laws and
regulations by our suppliers or manufacturers could interrupt or
otherwise disrupt our sourcing, adversely affect our reputation or
damage our brand image. While we do not control these suppliers or
manufacturers or their labor practices, negative publicity
regarding the management of facilities by, production methods of or
materials used by any of our suppliers or manufacturers could
adversely affect our reputation and sales and force us to locate
alternative suppliers or manufacturing sources, which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Failure to comply with laws, regulations and policies, including
the FCPA or other applicable anti‑corruption legislation, could
result in fines and criminal penalties and materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
A significant risk resulting from our global operations is
compliance with a wide variety of U.S. federal and state and
non‑U.S. laws, regulations and policies, including laws related to
anti‑corruption, export and import compliance, anti‑trust and money
laundering. The FCPA, the United Kingdom Bribery Act of 2010 and
similar anti‑bribery laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit
companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to
government officials or other persons. There has been an increase
in anti‑bribery law enforcement activity in recent years, with
more frequent and aggressive investigations and enforcement
proceedings by both the U.S. Department of Justice and the SEC,
increased enforcement activity by non‑U.S. regulators, and
increases in criminal and civil proceedings brought against
companies and individuals. We operate in parts of the world that
are recognized as having governmental and commercial corruption and
in certain circumstances, strict compliance with anti‑bribery laws
may conflict with local customs and practices. We cannot assure you
that our internal control policies and procedures have protected or
will always protect us from improper conduct of our employees or
business partners. To the extent that we learn that any of our
employees do not adhere to our internal control policies, we are
committed to taking appropriate remedial action. In the event that
we believe or have reason to believe that our employees or agents
have or may have violated applicable laws, including
anti‑corruption laws, we may be required to investigate or have
outside counsel investigate the relevant facts and circumstances,
and detecting, investigating and resolving actual or alleged
violations can be expensive and require significant time and
attention from senior management. Any violation of U.S. federal and
state and non‑U.S. laws, regulations and policies could result in
substantial fines, sanctions, civil and/or criminal penalties, and
curtailment of operations in the U.S. or other applicable
jurisdictions. In addition, actual or alleged violations could
damage our reputation and ability to do business. Any of the
foregoing could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations could
be materially adversely affected if professional golfers do not
endorse or use our products.
We establish relationships with professional golfers in order to
use, validate and promote Titleist and FootJoy branded
products. We have entered into endorsement arrangements with
members of the various worldwide professional golf tours. We
believe that professional usage of our products validates the
performance and quality of our products and contributes to retail
sales. We therefore spend a significant amount of money to secure
professional usage of our products. Many other companies, however,
also aggressively seek the patronage of these professionals and
offer many inducements, including significant cash incentives and
specially designed products. There is a great deal of competition
to secure the representation of tour professionals. As a result, it
is expensive to attract and retain such tour professionals and we
may lose the endorsement of these individuals, even prior to the
expiration of the applicable contract term. The inducements offered
by other companies could result in a decrease in usage of our
products by professional golfers or limit our ability to attract
other tour professionals. A decline in the level of professional
usage of our products, or a significant increase in the cost to
attract or retain endorsers, could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
The value of our brands and sales of our products could be
diminished if we, the golfers who use our products or the golf
industry in general are associated with negative
publicity.
We sponsor a variety of golfers and feature those golfers in our
advertising and marketing materials. We establish these
relationships to develop, evaluate and promote our products, as
well as establish product authenticity with consumers. Actions
taken by golfers or tours associated with our products that harm
the reputations of those golfers could also harm our brand image
and impact our sales. We may also select golfers who may not
perform at expected levels or who are not sufficiently marketable.
If we are unable in the future to secure prominent golfers and
arrange golfer endorsements of our products on terms we deem to be
reasonable, we may be required to modify our marketing platform and
to rely more heavily on other forms of marketing and promotion,
which may not prove to be as effective or may result in additional
costs.
If we inaccurately forecast demand for our products, we may
manufacture insufficient or excess quantities, which could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
To reduce purchasing costs and ensure supply, we place orders with
our suppliers in advance of the time period we expect to deliver
our products. In addition, we plan our manufacturing capacity based
upon the forecasted demand for our products. Forecasting the demand
for our products is very difficult given the number of SKUs we
offer and the amount of specification involved in each of our
product categories. For example, in our golf shoe business, we
offer a large variety of models as well as different styles and
sizes for each model. The nature of our business makes it difficult
to adjust quickly our manufacturing capacity if actual demand for
our products exceeds or is less than forecasted demand. Factors
that could affect our ability to accurately forecast demand for our
products include, among others:
•changes
in consumer demand for our products or the products of our
competitors;
•new
product introductions by us or our competitors;
•failure
to accurately forecast consumer acceptance of our
products;
•failure
to anticipate consumer acceptance of new technologies;
•inability
to realize revenues from booking orders;
•negative
publicity associated with tours or golfers we endorse;
•unanticipated
changes in general market conditions or other factors, which may
result in cancellations of advance orders or a reduction or
increase in the rate of reorders placed by retailers;
•weakening
of economic conditions or consumer confidence in future economic
conditions, which could reduce demand for discretionary items, such
as our products;
•terrorism
or acts of war, or the threat thereof, which could adversely affect
consumer confidence and spending or interrupt production and
distribution of products and raw materials;
•abnormal
weather patterns or extreme weather conditions including
hurricanes, floods and droughts, among others, which may disrupt
economic activity; and
•general
economic conditions.
If actual demand for our products exceeds the forecasted demand, we
may not be able to produce sufficient quantities of new products in
time to fulfill actual demand, which could limit our
sales.
Any inventory levels in excess of consumer demand may result in
inventory write‑downs and/or the sale of excess inventory at
discounted prices.
We may experience a disruption in the service, or a significant
increase in the cost, of our primary delivery and shipping services
for our products and component parts or a significant disruption at
shipping ports.
We use United Parcel Service and FedEx Corporation for
substantially all ground shipments of products to our U.S.
customers. We use ocean shipping services and air carriers for most
of our international shipments of products. In addition, many of
the components we use to manufacture and assemble our products are
shipped to us via ocean shipping and air carrier. If there are
changes in trade or tariff laws which result in customs processing
delays or any significant interruption in service by such providers
or at shipping ports or airports, we may be unable to engage
alternative suppliers or to receive or ship goods through alternate
sites in order to deliver our products or components in a timely
and cost‑efficient manner. As a result, we could experience
manufacturing delays, increased manufacturing and shipping costs,
and lost sales as a result of missed delivery deadlines and product
introduction and demand cycles. Any significant interruption in
United Parcel Service or FedEx Corporation services, ship services,
at shipping ports or air carrier services could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations. For example, during 2022, late delivery of inbound
products due to West Coast port congestion forced us to upgrade a
significant portion of outbound freight to express parcel services
in order to meet customer delivery date requirements.
This upgrade resulted in unbudgeted increases in average cost per
pound shipped. Furthermore, if the cost of delivery or shipping
services were to increase significantly and the additional costs
could not be covered by product pricing it could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We rely on complex information systems for management of our
manufacturing, distribution, sales and other functions. If our
information systems fail to perform these functions adequately or
if we experience an interruption in our operations, including a
breach in cybersecurity, our business, financial condition and
results of operations could be materially adversely
affected.
All of our major operations, including manufacturing, distribution,
sales and accounting, are dependent upon complex information
systems. Our information systems are vulnerable to damage or
interruption from:
•earthquake,
fire, flood, hurricane and other natural disasters;
•power
loss, computer systems failure, Internet and telecommunications or
data network failure;
•hackers,
computer viruses, unauthorized access, software bugs or glitches;
and
•accidental
or unlawful acts by authorized personnel, including our employees,
contractors and vendors.
Any damage or significant disruption in the operation of such
systems or the failure of our information systems to perform as
expected would disrupt our business, which may result in decreased
sales, increased overhead costs, excess inventory or product
shortages which could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Cybersecurity risks could disrupt our operations and negatively
impact our reputation.
There are growing risks related to the security, confidentiality,
and integrity of personal and corporate information stored and
transmitted electronically, consumer identity theft and user
privacy due to increasingly diverse and sophisticated threats to
network, systems and data security. Potential attacks span a
spectrum from attacks by criminal hackers, hacktivists, or
state-sponsored actors, to employee malfeasance and human or
technological error. While we have implemented security measures,
our computer systems may be susceptible to electronic or physical
computer break‑ins, viruses and other disruptions and security
breaches. Any perceived or actual unauthorized or inadvertent
disclosure of personally‑identifiable information regarding
visitors to our websites or otherwise or other breach or theft of
the information we control, whether through a breach of our network
by an unauthorized party, employee theft, misuse or error or
otherwise, could harm our reputation, impair our ability to attract
website visitors, or subject us to claims or litigation and require
us to repair damages suffered by consumers, result in higher
insurance premiums and materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Failure to comply with data privacy and security laws and
regulations could adversely affect our operating results and
business.
A growing number of federal, state and international data privacy
and security laws and regulations have been enacted that govern the
collection, use, disclosure, transfer, storage, disposal, and
protection of sensitive personal information, such as social
security numbers, financial information and other personal
information. For example, several U.S. territories and all 50
states now have data breach laws that require timely notification
to individual victims, and at times regulators, if a company has
experienced the unauthorized access or acquisition of sensitive
personal data. Other state laws include the California Consumer
Privacy Act (“CCPA”), which gives California residents certain
privacy rights in the collection and disclosure of their personal
information and requires businesses to make certain disclosures and
take certain other acts in furtherance of those rights.
Additionally, effective starting January 1, 2023, the California
Privacy Rights Act (the “CPRA”) revised and
significantly
expanded the scope of the CCPA. The CPRA also creates a new
California data protection agency authorized to implement and
enforce the CCPA and the CPRA, which could result in increased
enforcement. Other states have considered and/or enacted similar
privacy laws, including Virginia and Colorado, which passed privacy
laws that also go into operation in 2023. We will continue to
monitor and assess the impact of these state laws, which may impose
substantial penalties for violations, impose significant costs for
investigations and compliance, allow private class-action
litigation and carry significant potential liability for our
business.
Outside of the U.S., data protection laws, including the E.U.
General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”), which also forms
part of the law of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
by virtue of section 3 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018
and as amended by the Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic
Communications (Amendments etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI
2019/419) ("UK GDPR"), also apply to some of our operations. Legal
requirements in many countries relating to the collection, storage,
processing and transfer of personal data continue to evolve. The
GDPR imposes, among other things, data protection requirements that
include strict obligations and restrictions on the ability to
collect, analyze and transfer EU personal data, a requirement for
prompt notice of data breaches to data subjects and supervisory
authorities in certain circumstances, and possible substantial
fines for any violations. Other governmental authorities around the
world are considering and, in some cases, have enacted, similar
privacy and data security laws. Failure to comply with federal,
state and international data protection laws and regulations could
result in government enforcement actions (which could include
substantial civil and/or criminal penalties), private litigation
and adverse publicity and could negatively affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to the risk that we fail to comply with one or more of
these laws and regulations, we are likely to incur substantial
costs monitoring and implementing compliance with the array of
privacy and security legal regimes to which we are subject.
Moreover, many of the laws and regulations in this area are
relatively new and their interpretations are uncertain and subject
to change. Combined with the frequency with which new privacy and
security laws are introduced globally, this means that we may be
required to make changes to our operations or practices in an
effort to comply with them. Such changes may increase our costs and
reduce our revenue. We may also face inconsistent legal
requirements across the various jurisdictions in which we operate,
further raising both costs of compliance and likelihood that we
will fail to satisfy all of our legal requirements.
If the technology‑based systems that give consumers the ability to
shop with us online do not function effectively, our ability to
grow our eCommerce business globally could be adversely
affected.
We are increasingly using websites and social media to interact
with consumers and as a means to enhance their experience with our
products. We launched our first such initiatives in the U.S. in
2016. Our eCommerce footprint has grown since then, and we now have
eCommerce operations in the U.S., Canada, Europe, Japan and Korea.
In our eCommerce services, we process, store and transmit customer
data, including payment card information. We also collect consumer
data through certain marketing activities. Failure to prevent or
mitigate data loss or other security breaches, including breaches
of our vendors’ technology and systems, could expose us or
consumers to a risk of loss or misuse of such information, result
in litigation or potential liability for us and otherwise adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We would also likely suffer indirect harms such as reputational
damage and reticence among other companies to do business with us.
Further, our eCommerce business is subject to general business
regulations and laws, as well as regulations and laws specifically
governing the Internet, eCommerce and electronic devices. Existing
and future laws and regulations, or new interpretations of these
laws, may adversely affect our ability to conduct our eCommerce
business.
Any failure on our part to provide private, secure, attractive,
effective, reliable, user‑friendly eCommerce platforms that offer a
wide assortment of merchandise with rapid delivery options and that
continually meet the changing expectations of online shoppers could
place us at a competitive disadvantage, result in the loss of
eCommerce and other sales, harm our reputation with consumers, have
an adverse impact on the growth of our eCommerce business globally
and could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Risks specific to our eCommerce business also include diversion of
sales from our trade partners’ brick and mortar stores, difficulty
in recreating the in‑store experience through direct channels and
liability for online content. Our failure to successfully respond
to these risks might adversely affect sales in our eCommerce
business, as well as damage our reputation and brands.
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets represent a significant
portion of our total assets and any impairment of these assets
could negatively impact our results of operations and shareholders’
equity.
Our goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, which consist of
goodwill from acquisitions, trademarks, patents, completed
technology, customer relationships, licensing fees, and other
intangible assets, represented 34% of our total assets as of
December 31, 2022.
Accounting rules require the evaluation of our goodwill and
intangible assets with indefinite lives for impairment at least
annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Such
indicators include a significant adverse change in customer demand
or business climate that could affect the value of an asset;
general economic conditions, such as increasing Treasury rates or
unexpected changes in gross domestic product growth; a change in
our market shares; budget‑to‑actual performance and consistency of
operations margins and capital expenditures; a product recall or an
adverse action or assessment by a regulator; or changes in
management or key personnel.
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets are deemed impaired
when their carrying value exceeds their fair value. If a
significant amount of our goodwill and identifiable intangible
assets were deemed to be impaired, our business, financial
condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected.
Our current senior management team and other key employees are
critical to our success and if we are unable to attract and/or
retain key employees and hire qualified management, technical and
manufacturing personnel, our ability to compete could be
harmed.
Our ability to maintain our competitive position is dependent to a
large degree on the efforts and skills of our senior management
team and our other key employees. Our executives are experienced
and highly qualified with strong reputations and relationships in
the golf industry, and we believe that our management team enables
us to pursue our strategic goals. Our other key sales, marketing,
brand building, R&D, manufacturing, intellectual property
protection and support personnel are also critical to the success
of our business. The loss of the services of any of our senior
management team or other key employees could disrupt our operations
and delay the development and introduction of our products which
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations. We do not have employment agreements
with any of the members of our senior management team, except for
David Maher, our President and CEO. In addition, we do not have
“key person” life insurance policies covering any of our officers
or other key employees.
Our future success depends upon our ability to attract and retain
our executive officers and other key sales, marketing, brand
building, R&D, manufacturing, intellectual property protection
and support personnel and any failure to do so could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Additionally, we compete with many mature and prosperous companies
that have far greater financial resources than we do and thus can
offer current or perspective employees more lucrative compensation
packages than we can.
Sales of our products by unauthorized retailers or distributors
could adversely affect our authorized distribution channels and
harm our reputation.
Some of our products find their way to unauthorized outlets or
distribution channels. This “gray market” for our products can
undermine authorized retailers and foreign wholesale distributors
who promote and support our products, and can injure the image of
our company in the minds of our customers and consumers. While we
have taken some lawful steps to limit commerce of our products in
the “gray market” in both the United States and abroad, we have not
been successful in halting such commerce.
We may not be successful in our efforts to grow our presence in
existing international markets and expand into additional
international markets.
We intend to grow our presence in and continue to expand into
select international markets where there are the necessary and
sufficient conditions in place to support such expansion. These
growth and expansion plans will require significant management
attention and resources and may be unsuccessful. In addition, to
achieve satisfactory performance in international locations, it may
be necessary to locate physical facilities, such as regional
offices, in the foreign market and to hire employees who are
familiar with such foreign markets while also being qualified to
market our products. We may not be successful in growing our
presence in or expanding into any such international markets or in
generating sales from such foreign operations.
We have historically grown our business by expanding into
additional international markets, but such growth does not always
work out as anticipated and there is no assurance that we will be
successful in the existing international markets where we are
currently seeking to grow our presence, including China, or the new
international markets we plan to enter. Our business, financial
condition and results of operations could be materially adversely
affected if we do not achieve the international growth that we
anticipate.
We are exposed to a number of different tax uncertainties,
including potential changes in tax laws, unanticipated tax
liabilities and limitations on utilization of tax attributes after
any change of control, which could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. (federal and state) and
numerous foreign jurisdictions. Tax laws, regulations, and
administrative practices in various jurisdictions may be subject to
significant change, with or without notice, due to economic,
political, and other conditions, and significant judgment is
required in evaluating and estimating our provision and accruals
for these taxes.
Changes to or promulgation of new tax laws, interpretive
regulations, other tax or accounting guidance could significantly
impact how we are taxed on both U.S. and foreign earnings.
Transactions that we have arranged in light of current tax
rules could have adverse consequences if those tax
rules change, and the imposition of any new or increased
tariffs, duties and taxes could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Our effective tax rates in the future could be adversely affected
by a number of factors, including changes in the expected
geographic mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory
tax rates, changes in the valuation and realizability of deferred
tax assets and liabilities, changes to or issuance of new tax laws,
interpretive regulations, notices or other administrative
practices, principles, or guidance, changes to or issuance of new
accounting guidance, changes in foreign currency exchange
rates,
entry into new businesses and geographies, changes to our existing
businesses and operations, acquisitions (including integrations)
and investments and how they are financed, changes in our stock
price, and
the outcome of income tax audits in various jurisdictions around
the world.
Finally, foreign governments may enact tax laws in response to the
U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “2017 Tax Act”) that could
result in further changes to global taxation and materially affect
our financial position and results of operations.
Under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "Code"), if a corporation undergoes an “ownership
change,” the corporation’s ability to use its pre‑change net
operating loss carryforwards and other pre‑change tax attributes,
such as foreign tax credits and research tax credits, to offset its
post‑change income and taxes may be limited. In general, an
“ownership change” generally occurs if there is a cumulative change
in our ownership by “5‑percent shareholders” that exceeds
50 percentage points over a rolling three‑year period. Similar
rules apply under state tax laws. We may experience an
ownership change from future transactions in our stock, some of
which may be outside our control. As a result, if we earn net
taxable income, our ability to use pre‑change net operating loss
carryforwards or other pre‑change tax attributes to offset U.S.
federal and state taxable income and taxes may be subject to
incremental limitations.
We are engaged in a number of intercompany transactions across
multiple tax jurisdictions. Although we believe that these
transactions reflect the accurate economic allocation of profit and
that the proper transfer pricing documentation is in place, the
profit allocation and transfer pricing terms and conditions may be
scrutinized by local tax authorities during an audit and any
resulting changes may impact our mix of earnings in countries with
differing statutory tax rates.
We are also subject to the audit or examination of our tax returns
by the IRS and other tax authorities whereby tax authorities could
impose additional tariffs, duties, taxes, penalties and interest on
us. The determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes
and other tax liabilities requires complex computations and
significant judgments, and there are many transactions and
calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain.
Although we believe our estimates are reasonable and our tax
provisions are adequate, the final determination of tax audits and
any related disputes could be materially different from our
historical income tax provisions and accruals. The results of
audits or related disputes could have an adverse effect on our
financial statements and our financial results for the period or
periods for which the applicable final determinations are
made.
Portions of our operations are subject to a reduced tax rate or are
free of tax under various tax holidays and rulings that expire in
whole or in part from time to time. These tax holidays and rulings
may be extended when certain conditions are met, or terminated if
certain conditions are not met. If the tax holidays and rulings are
not extended, or if we fail to satisfy the conditions of the
reduced tax rate, then our effective tax rate would increase in the
future.
Changes to the overall international tax environment, as well as
changes to some of the tax laws of the foreign jurisdictions in
which we operate, are expected as a result of the Base Erosion and
Profit Shifting project (“BEPS”), undertaken by the Organisation
for Economic Co‑operation and Development (“OECD”). The OECD, which
represents a coalition of member countries that encompass many of
the jurisdictions in which we operate, has promulgated recommended
changes to numerous long standing international tax principles
through its BEPS project. It is expected that jurisdictions in
which we do business may continue to react to the BEPS initiative
by enacting tax legislation, and our business could be materially
impacted. Our transfer pricing arrangements and principles are
reviewed annually; changes may need to be incorporated as the BEPS
principles are fully implemented on a global basis.
Our insurance policies may not provide adequate levels of coverage
against all claims and we may incur losses that are not covered by
our insurance.
We maintain insurance of the type and in amounts that we believe is
commercially reasonable and that is available to businesses in our
industry. We carry various types of insurance, including general
liability, auto liability, workers’ compensation, cyber and excess
umbrella, from highly rated insurance carriers on all of our
properties. We believe that the policy specifications and insured
limits are adequate for foreseeable losses with terms and
conditions that are reasonable and customary for similar businesses
and are within industry standards. Nevertheless, market forces
beyond our control could limit the scope of the insurance coverage
that we can obtain in the future or restrict our ability to buy
insurance coverage at reasonable rates. We cannot predict the level
of the premiums that we may be required to pay for subsequent
insurance coverage, the level of any deductible and/or
self‑insurance retention applicable thereto, the level of aggregate
coverage available or the availability of coverage for specific
risks.
In the event of a substantial loss, the insurance coverage that we
carry may not be sufficient to compensate us for the losses we
incur or any costs for which we are responsible. In addition, there
are types of losses we may incur that cannot be insured against or
that we believe are not commercially reasonable to insure. For
example, we maintain business interruption insurance, but there can
be no assurance that the coverage for a severe or prolonged
business interruption would be adequate and the deductibles for
such insurance may be high. These losses, if they occur, could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
We are subject to product liability, warranty and recall claims,
and our insurance coverage may not cover such claims.
Our products expose us to warranty claims and product liability
claims if products we manufacture, sell or design actually or
allegedly fail to perform as expected, or the use of those products
results, or is alleged to result, in personal injury, death or
property damage. Further, we or one or more of our suppliers might
not adhere to product safety requirements or quality control
standards, and products may be shipped to retail partners before
the issue is identified. If this occurs, we may have to recall our
products to address performance, compliance or other safety related
issues. The financial costs we may incur in connection with these
recalls typically would include the cost of the product being
replaced or repaired and associated labor and administrative costs
and, if applicable, governmental fines and/or
penalties.
Product recalls can harm our reputation and cause us to lose
customers, particularly if those recalls cause consumers to
question the performance, quality, safety or reliability of our
products. Substantial costs incurred or lost sales caused by future
product recalls could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, not
issuing a recall or not issuing a recall on a timely basis can harm
our reputation and cause us to lose customers for the same reasons
as expressed above. Product recalls, withdrawals, repairs or
replacements may also increase the amount of competition that we
face.
There is no assurance that we can successfully defend or settle all
product liability cases. Our insurance policies provide coverage
against claims resulting from alleged injuries arising from our
products sustained during the respective policy periods, subject to
policy terms and conditions. There can be no assurance that this
coverage will be renewed or otherwise remain available in the
future, that our insurers will be financially viable when payment
of a claim is required, that the cost of such insurance will not
increase, or that this insurance will ultimately prove to be
adequate under our various policies. Furthermore, future rate
increases might make insurance uneconomical for us to maintain.
These potential insurance problems or any adverse outcome in any
liability suit could create increased expenses which could harm our
business. We are unable to predict the nature of product liability
claims that may be made against us in the future with respect to
injuries, diseases or other illnesses resulting from the use of our
products or the materials incorporated in our
products.
Our actual product warranty obligations could materially differ
from historical rates, which would oblige us to revise our
estimated warranty liability accordingly. Adverse determinations of
material product liability and warranty claims made against us
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations and could harm the reputation of our
brands.
We may be subject to litigation and other regulatory proceedings
which may result in the expense of time and resources and could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
From time to time, we are involved in lawsuits and regulatory
actions relating to our business, including those relating to
intellectual property, antitrust, data protection, commercial and
employment matters. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation
and regulatory proceedings, we cannot accurately predict the
likelihood of such lawsuits or regulatory proceedings occurring or
the ultimate outcome of any such proceedings. An unfavorable
outcome could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, any such
proceeding, regardless of its merits, could divert management’s
attention from our operations and result in substantial legal
fees.
We are subject to environmental, health and safety laws and
regulations, which could subject us to liabilities, increase our
costs or restrict our operations in the future.
Our properties and operations are subject to a number of
environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in each of
the jurisdictions in which we operate. These laws and regulations
govern, among other things, air emissions, water discharges,
handling and disposal of solid and hazardous substances and wastes,
soil and groundwater contamination and employee health and safety.
Our failure to comply with such environmental, health and safety
laws and regulations could result in substantial civil or criminal
fines or penalties or enforcement actions, including regulatory or
judicial orders enjoining or curtailing operations or requiring
remedial or corrective measures, installation of pollution control
equipment or other actions.
We may also be subject to liability for environmental
investigations and cleanups, including at properties that we
currently or previously owned or operated, even if such
contamination was not caused by us, and we may face claims alleging
harm to health or property or natural resource damages arising out
of contamination or exposure to hazardous substances. We may also
be subject to similar liabilities and claims in connection with
locations at which hazardous substances or wastes we have generated
have been stored, treated, otherwise managed, or
disposed.
We use certain substances and generate certain wastes that may be
deemed hazardous or toxic under environmental laws, and we from
time to time have incurred, and in the future may incur, costs
related to cleaning up contamination resulting from historic uses
of certain of our current or former properties or our treatment,
storage or disposal of wastes at facilities owned by others. The
costs of investigation, remediation or removal of such materials
may be substantial, and the presence of those substances, or the
failure to remediate a property properly, may impair our ability to
use, transfer or obtain financing regarding our property. Liability
in many situations may be imposed not only without regard to fault,
but may also be joint and several, so that we may be held
responsible for more than our share of the contamination or other
damages, or even for the entire amount.
Environmental conditions at or related to our current or former
properties or operations, and/or the costs of complying with
current or future environmental, health and safety requirements
(which have become more stringent and complex over time) could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
We may require additional capital in the future and we cannot give
any assurance that such capital will be available at all or
available on terms acceptable to us and, if it is available,
additional capital raised by us may dilute holders of our common
stock.
We may need to raise additional funds through public or private
debt or equity financings in order to:
•fund
ongoing operations;
•take
advantage of opportunities, including expansion of our business or
the acquisition of complementary products, technologies or
businesses;
•develop
new products; or
•respond
to competitive pressures.
Any additional capital raised through the sale of equity or
securities convertible into equity will dilute the percentage
ownership of holders of our common stock. Capital raised through
debt financing would require us to make periodic interest payments
and may impose restrictive covenants on the conduct of our
business. Furthermore, additional financings may not be available
on terms favorable to us, or at all, especially during periods of
adverse economic conditions, which could make it more difficult or
impossible for us to obtain funding for the operation of our
business, for making additional investments in product development
and for repaying outstanding indebtedness. Our failure to obtain
additional funding could prevent us from making expenditures that
may be required to grow our business or maintain our
operations.
Our growth initiatives require significant capital investments and
there can be no assurance that we will realize a positive return on
these investments.
Initiatives to upgrade our business processes and invest in
technological improvements to our manufacturing and assembly
facilities involve many risks which could result in, among other
things, business interruptions and increased costs, any of which
may result in our inability to realize returns on our capital
investments. If we have insufficient sales or are unable to realize
the full potential of our capital investments, we may not realize a
positive return on our investment, which could impact our margins
and have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows.
Our business could be materially adversely affected as a result of
the risks associated with acquisitions and
investments.
We have made acquisitions and investments in the past and may
pursue further acquisitions and investments in the future. These
transactions are accompanied by risks. For instance, an acquisition
could have a negative effect on our financial and strategic
position and reputation or the acquired business could fail to
further our strategic goals. We may not be able to successfully
integrate acquired businesses into ours, and therefore we may not
be able to realize the intended benefits from an acquisition. We
may have a lack of experience in new markets or products brought on
by the acquisition and we may have an initial dependence on
unfamiliar supply or distribution partners. All of these and other
potential risks may serve as a diversion of our management's
attention from other business concerns, and any of these factors
could have a material adverse effect on our business.
If our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting
estimates prove to be incorrect, our financial condition and
results of operations could be adversely affected.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated
financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates
on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we
believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, as discussed
under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations,” Item 7 of Part II, included elsewhere
in this report. The results of these estimates form the basis for
making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities
and equity, and the amount of revenue and expenses that are not
readily apparent from other sources. Significant assumptions and
estimates used in preparing our consolidated financial statements
include those related to impairment of goodwill, pension and other
post‑retirement benefits, provisions for income taxes and valuation
allowances for deferred tax assets. Our financial condition and
results of operations may be adversely affected if our assumptions
change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our
assumptions, which could cause our results of operations to fall
below the expectations of securities analysts and investors,
resulting in a decline in the price of our common
stock.
Terrorist activities and international political instability may
decrease demand for our products and disrupt our
business.
Terrorist activities and armed conflicts could have an adverse
effect upon the United States or worldwide economy and could cause
decreased demand for our products. If such events disrupt domestic
or international air, ground or sea shipments, or the operation of
our suppliers or our manufacturing facilities, our ability to
obtain the materials necessary to manufacture products and to
deliver customer orders would be harmed, which could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations. Such events can negatively impact tourism, which could
adversely affect our sales to retailers at resorts and other
vacation destinations. In addition, the occurrence of political
instability and/or terrorist activities generally restricts travel
to and from the affected areas, making it more difficult in general
to manage our global operations.
Our business could be harmed by the occurrence of natural disasters
or pandemic diseases.
The occurrence of a natural disaster, such as an earthquake,
tsunami, fire, flood or hurricane, or the outbreak of a pandemic
disease, including, for example, the COVID-19 pandemic beginning in
2020, could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations. A natural disaster or a
pandemic disease could adversely affect both the demand for our
products as well as the supply of the raw materials or components
used to make our products. Demand for golf products also could be
negatively affected if consumers in the affected regions restrict
their recreational activities and discretionary spending and as
tourism to those areas declines. If our suppliers experience a
significant disruption in their business as a result of a natural
disaster or pandemic disease, our ability to obtain the necessary
raw materials or components to make products could be materially
adversely affected. In addition, the occurrence of a natural
disaster or the outbreak of a pandemic disease generally restricts
travel to and from the affected areas, making it more difficult in
general to manage our global operations.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
A high degree of leverage could adversely affect our ability to
raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability
to react to changes in the economy or in our industry, expose us to
interest rate risk to the extent of our variable rate debt, and
prevent us from meeting our obligations under our
indebtedness.
As of December 31, 2022, we had $567.8 million of indebtedness. As
of December 31, 2022, we had available borrowings under our
revolving credit facility of $416.8 million after giving effect to
$6.9 million of outstanding letters of credit and we had available
borrowings remaining under our local credit facilities of $25.6
million. As of December 31, 2022, we had no outstanding interest
rate swap contracts to hedge the interest rate risk on our variable
rate debt.
A high degree of leverage could have important consequences for us,
including:
•requiring
us to utilize a substantial portion of our cash flows from
operations to make payments on our indebtedness, reducing the
availability of our cash flows to fund working capital, capital
expenditures, product development, acquisitions, general corporate
and other purposes;
•increasing
our vulnerability to adverse economic, industry, or competitive
developments;
•exposing
us to the risk of increased interest rates because substantially
all of our borrowings are at variable rates of
interest;
•making
it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to
our indebtedness, and any failure to comply with the obligations of
any of our debt instruments, including financial maintenance
covenants and restrictive covenants, could result in an event of
default under the agreements governing our
indebtedness;
•restricting
us from making strategic acquisitions or causing us to make
non‑strategic divestitures;
•limiting
our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital,
capital expenditures, product development, debt service
requirements, acquisitions, and general corporate or other
purposes; and
•limiting
our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our
business or market conditions and placing us at a competitive
disadvantage compared to our competitors who are less highly
leveraged and who, therefore, may be able to take advantage of
opportunities that our leverage prevents us from
exploiting.
Servicing our indebtedness will require a significant amount of
cash. Our ability to generate sufficient cash depends on many
factors, some of which are not within our control.
Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness and to fund
planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate
cash in the future. To a certain extent, this is subject to general
economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and
other factors that are beyond our control. If we are unable to
generate sufficient cash flows to service our debt and meet our
other commitments, we may need to restructure or refinance all or a
portion of our debt, sell material assets or operations, or raise
additional debt or equity capital. We may not be able to effect any
of these actions on a timely basis, on commercially reasonable
terms, or at all, and these actions may not be sufficient to meet
our capital requirements. In addition, any refinancing of our
indebtedness could be at a higher interest rate, and the terms of
our existing or future debt arrangements may restrict us from
effecting any of these alternatives. Our failure to make the
required interest and principal payments on our indebtedness would
result in an event of default under the agreement governing such
indebtedness, which may result in the acceleration of some or all
of our outstanding indebtedness.
We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur significant amounts of
debt, which could exacerbate the risks associated with our current
indebtedness.
We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional
indebtedness in the future. Although the agreements governing our
indebtedness contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional
indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of
significant qualifications and exceptions and, under certain
circumstances, the amount of indebtedness that could be incurred in
compliance with these restrictions could be
substantial.
Our credit agreements contain restrictions that limit our
flexibility in operating our business.
The agreements governing our outstanding indebtedness contain
various covenants that limit our ability to engage in specified
types of transactions. These covenants limit the ability of our
subsidiaries to, among other things:
•incur,
assume, or permit to exist additional indebtedness or
guarantees;
•incur
liens;
•make
investments and loans;
•pay
dividends, make payments on, or redeem or repurchase capital stock
or make prepayments, repurchases or redemptions of certain
indebtedness;
•engage
in mergers, liquidations, dissolutions, asset sales, and other
non-ordinary course dispositions (including sale leaseback
transactions);
•amend
or otherwise alter terms of certain indebtedness or certain other
agreements;
•enter
into agreements limiting subsidiary distributions or containing
negative pledge clauses;
•engage
in certain transactions with affiliates;
•alter
the nature of the business that we conduct;
•change
our fiscal year or accounting practices; or
•enter
into a transaction or series of transactions that constitutes a
change of control.
The covenants contained in the credit agreement governing our
credit facility (which we refer to in this report as “our credit
agreement”) also restrict the ability of Acushnet Holdings Corp. to
engage in certain mergers or consolidations or engage in any
activities other than permitted activities. A breach of any of
these covenants, among others, could result in a default under one
or more of these agreements, including as a result of cross default
provisions, and, in the case of our credit facility, following any
applicable cure period, would permit the lenders thereunder to,
among other things, declare the principal, accrued interest and
other obligations thereunder to be immediately due and payable and
declare the commitment of each lender thereunder to make loans and
issue letters of credit to be terminated.
We may utilize derivative financial instruments to reduce our
exposure to market risks from changes in interest rates on our
variable rate indebtedness and we may be exposed to risks related
to counterparty credit worthiness or non‑performance of these
instruments.
We may enter into pay‑fixed interest rate
swaps to limit our exposure to changes in variable interest rates.
Such instruments may result in economic losses should interest
rates decline to a point lower than our fixed rate commitments. We
may be exposed to credit‑related losses, which could impact the
results of operations in the event of fluctuations in the fair
value of the interest rate swaps due to a change in the credit
worthiness or non‑performance by the counterparties to the interest
rate swaps.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common
Stock
The interests of Magnus and Fila and any of their successors or
transferees may conflict with other holders of our common
stock.
As of December 31, 2022, Magnus, which
is wholly‑owned by Fila, beneficially owned
approximately 53.4% of our outstanding common stock. Fila
is able to control the election and removal of our directors and
thereby effectively determine, among other things, the payment of
dividends, our corporate and management policies, including
potential mergers or acquisitions or asset sales, amendment of our
amended and restated certificate of incorporation or amended and
restated bylaws, and other significant corporate transactions for
so long as Magnus retains significant ownership of us. So long as
Fila owns Magnus and Magnus continues to own a significant amount
of our voting power, even if such amount is less than 50%, Fila
will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively
control our decisions. The interests of Fila and Magnus may not
coincide with the interests of other holders of our common
stock.
By controlling the election and removal of
our directors, Fila is able to effectively determine the payment of
dividends on our common stock. Magnus may cause us to pay dividends
on our common stock at times or in amounts that may not be in the
best interest of us or other holders of our common stock. For
example, it may be in the interest of Magnus and Fila to cause the
payment of dividends on our common stock in order to satisfy
obligations under loan agreements they may enter into from time to
time. See “- We cannot assure you that we will pay dividends on our
common stock, and our indebtedness and other factors could limit
our ability to pay dividends on our common stock.”
In the ordinary course of its business
activities, Fila and its affiliates may engage in activities where
their interests conflict with our interests or those of our
shareholders. Except as may be limited by applicable law, Fila and
its affiliates do not have any duty to refrain from competing
directly with us or engaging, directly or indirectly, in the same
business activities or similar business activities or lines of
business in which we operate. Fila and its affiliates also may
pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our
business and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not
be available to us. In addition, Fila and its affiliates may have
an interest in us pursuing acquisitions, divestitures and other
transactions that, in its judgment, could enhance its investment,
even though such transactions might involve risks to
you.
In addition, the concentration of our
ownership held by Magnus may delay, deter or prevent possible
changes in control of the company or a change in the composition of
our board of directors and could preclude any unsolicited
acquisition of us, which may reduce the value of an investment in
our common stock. Magnus may also transfer a substantial amount of
our common stock, including a controlling interest in Acushnet, to
third parties. The interests of any such transferees may not
coincide with the interests of other holders of our common
stock.
In the past, Magnus and Fila have entered
into loan agreements, some of which have included pledges of our
common stock to their lenders. Magnus and Fila may agree to amend
any existing loan agreements or enter into replacement or
additional loan agreements in the future. Although we have been
informed by Magnus that the loan agreement that it entered into in
September 2017 has been refinanced such that the shares of our
common stock held by Magnus are no longer pledged as collateral,
such agreement and any future loan agreements by Magnus and Fila
could provide for pledges of shares of our common stock or Fila’s
interests in Magnus. Magnus has informed us in the past that the
shares of our common stock held by it were its only assets. Any
transfer by Fila or Magnus as a result of its obligations to third
parties or otherwise could have a significant impact on our
shareholding structure and our corporate governance and could
materially decrease the market price of shares of our common stock.
In addition, the perception that such a transfer could occur could
materially depress the market price of shares of our common stock.
Such transfers of our common stock may also result in a change of
control under certain agreements that we enter into from time to
time, which could result in a default under such agreements. Under
our credit agreement, for example, it is a change of control if any
person (other than certain permitted parties, including Fila)
becomes the beneficial owner of 35% or more of our outstanding
common stock. As a result, if a third party were to acquire
beneficial ownership of 35% or more of our outstanding common
stock, it would result in a change of control under our credit
agreement, which is an event of default under our credit agreement.
In addition, a change of control under our outstanding equity award
agreements and other employment arrangements may result in the
vesting of outstanding equity awards and the acceleration of
benefits or other payments under certain employment arrangements. A
change of control may also result in a default or other negative
consequence under our other outstanding agreements or
instruments.
We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the rules of
the NYSE. As a result, we will qualify for, and may rely upon,
exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that
would otherwise provide protection to shareholders of other
companies.
Under the corporate governance standards of
the NYSE rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting
power is held by an individual, group, or another company is a
“controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain
corporate governance requirements, including:
•the
requirement that a majority of our board of directors consist of
“independent directors” as defined under the rules of the
NYSE;
•the
requirement that we have a compensation committee that is composed
entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing
the committee’s purpose and responsibilities;
•the
requirement that we have a nominating and corporate governance
committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a
written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and
responsibilities;
•the
requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the
compensation and nominating and corporate governance
committees;
•the
compensation committee be explicitly charged with hiring and
overseeing compensation consultants, legal counsel, and other
committee advisors; and
•the
compensation committee be required to consider, when engaging
compensation consultants, legal counsel, or other advisors, certain
independence factors, including factors that examine the
relationship between the consultant or advisor’s employer and
us.
Magnus, which is wholly‑owned by Fila,
controls 37,104,008 shares, or approximately 53.4%, of our
outstanding common stock as of December 31, 2022. On
January 23, 2023,we purchased an additional 2,168,528 shares
of our common stock from Magnus, bringing Fila's ownership of our
outstanding common stock to approximately 52.1%. As a result, we
qualify as a “controlled company” within the meaning of the
corporate governance standards of the NYSE. Consequently,
we
are not required to comply with certain of the NYSE corporate
governance requirements, such as the requirement to have a majority
of independent directors on our Board of Directors, or the
requirement to have a compensation committee and nominating and
corporate governance committee comprised of independent directors.
We may rely on one or more of the exemptions going forward.
Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to
shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate
governance requirements of the NYSE.
The market price of shares of our common stock may be volatile,
which could cause the value of your investment to
decline.
The market price of our common stock may be highly volatile and
could be subject to wide fluctuations. Securities markets worldwide
experience significant price and volume fluctuations. This market
volatility, as well as general economic, market or political
conditions, could reduce the market price of shares of our common
stock in spite of our operating performance. In addition, our
results of operations could be below the expectations of public
market analysts and investors due to a number of potential factors,
including variations in our quarterly results of operations,
additions or departures of key management personnel, failure to
meet analysts’ earnings estimates, publication of research reports
about our industry, litigation and government investigations,
changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing
interpretations or enforcement thereof affecting our business or
the golf industry, adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we
may incur or securities we may issue in the future, changes in
market valuations of similar companies or speculation in the press
or investment community, announcements by our competitors of
significant contracts, acquisitions, dispositions, strategic
partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments, adverse
publicity about our industry in or individual scandals, and in
response the market price of shares of our common stock could
decrease significantly.
In the past few years, stock markets have experienced
significant price and volume fluctuations. In the past, following
periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of
a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has
often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if
instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a
diversion of our management’s attention and resources.
Our share repurchase program could be suspended or terminated, may
not enhance long-term stockholder value, and may increase the
volatility of the price of our stock and diminish our cash
reserves.
During 2022, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up
to an additional $250.0 million of our issued and outstanding
common stock, bringing the total authorization up to $450.0
million. On February 9, 2023, our Board of Directors
authorized us to repurchase up to an additional $250.0 million
of our issued and outstanding common stock, bringing the total
authorization up to $700.0 million since the share repurchase
program was established in 2018. Our repurchase program does not
have an expiration date and does not obligate us to repurchase any
specific dollar amount or to acquire any specific number of shares.
Decisions regarding the repurchase of shares will depend on many
factors, such as our financial condition, earnings, capital
requirements, debt service obligations, covenants associated with
certain of our debt service obligations, associated taxes, legal
requirements and regulatory constraints. Our share repurchase
program could affect the price of our stock and increase volatility
and may be suspended or terminated at any time, which may result in
a decrease in the trading price of our stock. We cannot guarantee
that we will repurchase shares in the future or conduct share
repurchase programs.
If we are unable to maintain effective internal controls over
financial reporting, we may not be able to produce timely and
accurate financial statements, which could have a material adverse
effect on our business and stock price.
If we fail to maintain effective internal controls over financial
reporting or if we identify material weaknesses in our internal
control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in
the accuracy and completeness of our financial statements which
could cause the market price of our common stock to decline, and we
could become subject to sanctions or investigations by the stock
exchange upon which our common stock is listed, the SEC or other
regulatory authorities, and we could be delayed in delivering
financial statements, which could result in a default under the
agreements governing our indebtedness.
We cannot assure you that we will pay dividends on our common
stock, and our indebtedness and other factors could limit our
ability to pay dividends on our common stock.
We intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock, subject to the
discretion of our board of directors and our compliance with
applicable law, and depending on, among other things, our results
of operations, capital requirements, financial condition,
contractual restrictions, restrictions in our debt agreements and
in any equity securities, business prospects and other factors that
our board of directors may deem relevant. Because we are a holding
company and have no direct operations, we expect to pay dividends,
if any, only from funds we receive from our subsidiaries, which may
further restrict our ability to pay dividends as a result of the
laws of their jurisdiction of organization, agreements of our
subsidiaries or covenants under any existing and future outstanding
indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur. Certain of our existing
agreements governing indebtedness, including our credit agreement,
restrict our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. We
expect
that any future agreements governing indebtedness will contain
similar restrictions. For more information, see "Market for
Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities – Dividend Policy”, Item 5 of
Part II to this report, and "Management’s Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Liquidity and
Capital Resources”, Item 7 of Part II to this report.
Our dividend policy entails certain risks and limitations,
particularly with respect to our liquidity. By paying cash
dividends rather than investing that cash in our business or
repaying debt, we risk, among other things, slowing the pace of our
growth and having insufficient cash to fund our operations or
unanticipated capital expenditures or limiting our ability to incur
additional borrowings.
Although we expect to pay dividends according to our dividend
policy, we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at
all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to
pay our intended dividends.
The declaration and payment of dividends will be determined at the
discretion of our board of directors, acting in compliance with
applicable law and contractual restrictions. However, the
composition of our board of directors is determined by Magnus,
which is wholly‑owned by Fila, which controls a majority of the
voting power of all outstanding shares of our common stock.
Accordingly, the decision to declare and pay dividends on our
common stock in the future, as well as the amount of each such
dividend payment, may also depend on the amounts Magnus needs to
fund potential interest payments under any future equity or debt
financing.
Acushnet Holdings Corp. is a holding company with no operations of
its own and, as such, it depends on its subsidiaries for cash to
fund all of its operations and expenses, including future dividend
payments, if any.
Our operations are conducted almost entirely through our
subsidiaries and our ability to generate cash to make future
dividend payments, if any, is highly dependent on the earnings and
the receipt of funds from our subsidiaries via dividends or
intercompany loans, which may be restricted as a result of the laws
of the jurisdiction of organization of our subsidiaries, agreements
of our subsidiaries or covenants under any existing and future
outstanding indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur.
You may be diluted by the future issuance of additional common
stock in connection with our incentive plans, acquisitions or
otherwise.
As of December 31, 2022, we had 423,678,477 shares of common stock
authorized but unissued. Our amended and restated certificate of
incorporation authorizes us to issue these shares of common stock
and securities convertible into, exchangeable for, or exercisable
into our common stock for the consideration and on the terms and
conditions established by our board of directors in its sole
discretion, whether in connection with acquisitions or otherwise.
We have 5,962,075 shares available for issuance under our 2015
Incentive Plan. Any shares of common stock that we issue, under our
2015 Incentive Plan or other equity incentive plans that we may
adopt in the future, dilute the percentage ownership held by
our existing shareholders.
Future sales, or the perception of future sales, by us or our
existing shareholders in the public market could cause the market
price for our common stock to decline.
The sale of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock in
the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur,
including sales by us or our shareholders, could harm the
prevailing market price of shares of our common stock. These sales,
or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it
more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a
time and at a price that we deem appropriate. These factors could
also make it more difficult for us to raise additional funds
through future offerings of our shares of common stock or other
securities.
Anti‑takeover provisions in our organizational documents and
Delaware law might discourage or delay acquisition attempts for us
that you might consider favorable.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended
and restated bylaws contain provisions that may make the merger or
acquisition of Acushnet more difficult without the approval of our
board of directors. Among other things:
•although
we do not have a stockholder rights plan, these provisions would
allow us to authorize the issuance of undesignated preferred stock
in connection with a stockholder rights plan or otherwise, the
terms of which may be established and the shares of which may be
issued without stockholder approval, and which may include super
voting, special approval, dividend, or other rights or preferences
superior to the rights of the holders of common stock;
•these
provisions require advance notice for nominations of directors by
stockholders and for stockholders to include matters to be
considered at our annual meetings;
•these
provisions prohibit stockholder action by written
consent;
•these
provisions provide for the removal of directors only upon
affirmative vote of holders of at least 66⅔% of the shares of
common stock entitled to vote generally in the election of
directors if Magnus and its affiliates hold less than 50% of our
outstanding shares of common stock; and
•these
provisions require the amendment of certain provisions only by the
affirmative vote of at least 66⅔% of the shares of common stock
entitled to vote generally in the election of directors if Magnus
and its affiliates hold less than 50% of our outstanding shares of
common stock.
Further, as a Delaware corporation, we are also subject to
provisions of Delaware law, which may impair a takeover attempt
that our shareholders may find beneficial. These anti‑takeover
provisions and other provisions under Delaware law could
discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change in
control of Acushnet, including actions that our shareholders may
deem advantageous, or negatively affect the trading price of our
common stock. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests
and make it more difficult for you and other shareholders to elect
directors of your choosing and to cause us to take other corporate
actions you desire.
If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our
business or if they downgrade our stock or our sector, our stock
price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock relies in part on the
research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish
about us or our business or industry. We do not control these
analysts. Furthermore, if one or more of the analysts who do cover
us downgrade our stock or our industry, or the stock of any of our
competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about
our business or industry, the price of our stock could decline. If
one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to
publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the
market, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume
to decline.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED
STAFF COMMENTS
None
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our material facilities are located worldwide as shown in the table
below.
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Location |
|
Type |
|
Facility Size(1)
|
|
Leased/Owned |
Fairhaven, Massachusetts |
|
Headquarters and Golf Ball R&D |
|
222,720 |
|
|
Owned |
Golf Balls |
North Dartmouth, Massachusetts |
|
Golf ball manufacturing |
|
179,602 |
|
|
Owned |
New Bedford, Massachusetts |
|
Golf ball manufacturing |
|
244,091 |
|
|
Owned |
Amphur Pluakdaeng Rayong, Thailand |
|
Golf ball manufacturing |
|
230,003 |
|
|
Owned |
New Bedford, Massachusetts |
|
Golf ball customization and distribution center |
|
438,007 |
|
|
Owned |
Fairhaven, Massachusetts |
|
Golf ball packaging |
|
49,580 |
|
|
Owned |
New Bedford, Massachusetts |
|
Golf ball advanced engineering and ball cavity
manufacturing |
|
34,000 |
|
|
Leased |
Sugarland, Texas |
|
Golf ball recycling and distribution center |
|
87,214 |
|
|
Leased |
Golf Clubs, Wedges and Putters |
Carlsbad, California |
|
Golf club assembly and R&D |
|
165,485 |
|
|
Leased |
San Marcos, California |
|
Putter research |
|
19,200 |
|
|
Leased |
Encinitas, California |
|
Putter fitting and sales |
|
3,754 |
|
|
Leased |
Tochigi, Japan |
|
Golf club assembly |
|
20,376 |
|
|
Leased |
FootJoy |
Fuzhou, Fujian, China (40% owned joint venture) |
|
Golf shoe manufacturing and distribution center |
|
525,031 |
|
|
Building Owned/Land Leased |
Brockton, Massachusetts |
|
Golf shoe R&D, custom glove assembly and distribution
center |
|
146,000 |
|
|
Leased |
Sriracha Chonburi, Thailand |
|
Golf glove manufacturing |
|
112,847 |
|
|
Building Owned/Land Leased |
Sales Offices and Distribution Centers (used by multiple reportable
segments) |
Fairhaven, Massachusetts |
|
East Coast customization and distribution center |
|
185,370 |
|
|
Owned |
Vista, California |
|
West Coast distribution center and golf bag embroidery |
|
102,319 |
|
|
Leased |
Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom |
|
Sales office and distribution center, as well as golf club assembly
and golf ball customization |
|
156,326 |
|
|
Owned |
Helmond, The Netherlands |
|
Sales office and distribution center |
|
69,965 |
|
|
Leased |
Victoria, Australia |
|
Sales office and distribution center, as well as golf club
assembly |
|
37,027 |
|
|
Leased |
Ontario, Canada |
|
Sales office and distribution center |
|
102,057 |
|
|
Leased |
Randburg, South Africa |
|
Sales office and distribution center, as well as golf club
assembly |
|
25,060 |
|
|
Leased |
Yongin-shi, Korea |
|
Distribution center, golf ball customization and golf club
assembly |
|
174,982 |
|
|
Leased |
Product Testing and Fitting Centers (Golf Balls and Golf
Clubs) |
Acushnet, Massachusetts |
|
East Coast product testing and fitting for golf balls and golf
clubs |
|
22 acres total, including 7,662 square
foot building |
|
Owned |
Oceanside, California |
|
West Coast product testing and fitting for golf balls and golf
clubs
(Titleist Performance Institute) |
|
30 acres total, including 20,539 square foot
building |
|
Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)Facility
size represents square footage of the building, unless otherwise
noted.
|
|
|
We have additional sales offices and facilities in Colorado,
Hawaii, Utah, New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan,
Japan, Korea, Thailand, Sweden, France, Germany and Switzerland. In
the opinion of our management, our properties are adequate and
suitable for our business as presently conducted and are adequately
maintained.
ITEM 3. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
We are party to lawsuits associated with the normal conduct of our
businesses and operations. It is not possible to predict the
outcome of the pending actions, and, as with any litigation, it is
possible that some of these actions could be decided
unfavorably.
ITEM 4. MINE
SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Executive Officers
Set forth below is information concerning the Company’s executive
officers as of March 1, 2023.
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Name |
|
Age |
|
Position |
David Maher |
|
55 |
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
Mary Lou Bohn |
|
62 |
|
|
President, Titleist Golf Balls |
Steven Pelisek |
|
62 |
|
|
President, Titleist Golf Clubs |
John (Jay) Duke, Jr. |
|
54 |
|
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President, Titleist Golf Gear |
Christopher Lindner |
|
54 |
|
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President, FootJoy |
Thomas Pacheco |
|
54 |
|
|
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief
Accounting Officer |
Roland Giroux |
|
62 |
|
|
Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate
Secretary |
Brendan Reidy |
|
45 |
|
|
Executive Vice President, Chief People Officer |
Roger Czuchra |
|
53 |
|
|
Executive Vice President, Chief Technology and Digital
Officer |
David Maher,
55, joined the Company in 1991 and was appointed President and
Chief Executive Officer in January 2018. From 2001 through 2017,
Mr. Maher held a variety of roles at the Company’s Fairhaven,
Massachusetts headquarters, including Vice President, Titleist U.S.
Sales; Senior Vice President, Titleist Worldwide Sales and Global
Operations; and Chief Operating Officer. Prior to that, Mr. Maher
spent several years in Northern California as a Titleist Sales
Representative and Northwest Regional Sales Manager, and previously
gained valuable experience in the Company’s professional
development program, working at the Company’s golf ball operations
in Massachusetts, the FootJoy factory in Brockton, Massachusetts
and in the Company’s Southern California golf club operations. Mr.
Maher holds a B.S. in Finance from Babson College.
Mary Lou Bohn,
62, joined the Company in 1987 and was appointed President,
Titleist Golf Balls in 2016. Prior to that, Ms. Bohn held positions
at the Company of Executive Vice President, Titleist Golf Balls and
Communications; Vice President Golf Ball Marketing and Titleist
Communications; Vice President, Advertising & Communications;
and Director, Titleist Advertising. Ms. Bohn holds a B.S./B.A. in
Marketing from the University of New Hampshire.
Steven Pelisek,
62, joined the Company in 1993 and was appointed President,
Titleist Golf Clubs in 2016. Prior to that, Mr. Pelisek held
positions at the Company of General Manager, Titleist Golf Clubs
and Vice President, Club Sales for both the Titleist and Cobra golf
club brands. In addition, Mr. Pelisek has held both Marketing and
Field Sales positions with the Company and with Lynx Golf. Mr.
Pelisek holds a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. in Civil
Engineering, both from the University of Maryland.
John (Jay) Duke, Jr.,
54, joined the Company and was appointed President, Titleist Golf
Gear in 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Duke was Vice
President and Global Franchise Leader for Hasbro - Transformers
Global Brand from 2012-2014, President of Karhu Holdings BV from
2008-2012, and held senior general management and strategy
positions with Converse Inc. (a subsidiary of Nike, Inc.). Mr. Duke
also spent time earlier in his career working for Morgan Stanley’s
Investment Banking Division and in general management positions
with Reebok International Ltd. Mr. Duke holds a B.A. in Economics
and History from Boston College and an MBA from Duke
University.
Christopher Lindner, 54,
joined the Company and was appointed President, FootJoy in 2016.
Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Lindner held positions at
Wolverine Worldwide Inc. from 2010 to 2016 where he was President
of Keds; Chief Marketing Officer and Senior Vice President of
Business Development for Sperry; and Chief Marketing Officer and
Senior Vice President of North America Sales for Saucony. Prior to
2010, Mr. Lindner held various positions with Nike, Inc., including
as Vice President of Global Marketing for Converse and Vice
President of Global Marketing for Bauer Hockey, and leadership
positions with Electronic Arts. Mr. Lindner graduated from the
University of St. Thomas with a B.A. in Business Administration –
Management.
Thomas Pacheco,
54, joined the Company in 2017 and was appointed Executive Vice
President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer in
January 2019. Prior to that, Mr. Pacheco was Senior Vice President,
Finance and Chief Accounting Officer from April 2017 to December
2018. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Pacheco was Senior Vice
President, Finance and Chief Audit Executive of Dell Technologies
from September 2016 to March 2017. Prior to September 2016, Mr.
Pacheco served as Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief
Accounting Officer at EMC until it was acquired by Dell
Technologies. He joined EMC in 2005 and held several roles in
Finance including Assistant Corporate Controller, CFO - Cloud
Services Division and Senior Director of Corporate Accounting and
Reporting. Mr. Pacheco is a Certified Public Accountant and holds
an M.B.A from the University of North Carolina and a B.S. in
Accounting from Providence College.
Roland Giroux,
62, joined the Company in 2000 and was appointed Executive Vice
President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary in July
2021. Prior to that, Mr. Giroux held a number of positions with the
Company, most recently as Vice President and Associate General
Counsel beginning in 2017. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Giroux
was Counsel for Fortune Brands, Inc. and worked at Chadbourne and
Parke LLP in the Corporate and Project Finance practice groups. Mr.
Giroux holds a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute, an M.B.A. from Long Island University and a
J.D. from Pace University.
Brendan Reidy,
45, joined the Company in January 2019 and was appointed Executive
Vice President, Chief People Officer in February 2021. Prior to
that, Mr. Reidy was the Company’s Senior Vice President, Chief
Human Resources Officer from January 2019 to February 2021. Prior
to joining the Company, he was Vice President Human Resources -
Organizational Effectiveness at Biogen, Inc. from January 2015 to
April 2018, where he had responsibility for talent management,
global learning, culture initiatives and people analytics, and also
led HR for the global R&D organization and Global Commercial
Operations. Prior to Biogen, Mr. Reidy worked at P&G and
Gillette and held a number of positions in HR including as Country
HR Manager for Costa Rica and as a leader of key integration
projects for the integration of P&G and Gillette. Mr. Reidy
holds a B.A. in English from Stonehill College.
Roger Czuchra,
53, joined the Company in November 2022 and was appointed Executive
Vice President, Chief Technology and Digital Officer. Prior to
joining the Company, he was the Chief Information Officer at
Centric Brands from May 2019 to November 2022 and Chief Information
Officer, North & Central America at Legrand from July 2015 to
May 2019, where he was responsible for developing a global
technology foundation and creating a digital-first strategy. Mr.
Czuchra has extensive experience with business analytics and
transforming the way diverse, global organizations leverage
technology for long-term success. Prior to Legrand, he worked at
Stanley Black & Decker. Mr. Czuchra holds a B.S. in Business
Management from Albertus Magnus College and a Master of Science in
Organizational Leadership from Quinnipiac University School of
Business.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our common stock has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange
(the “NYSE”) under the symbol “GOLF” since October 28,
2016.
On February 24, 2023, the last reported sales price of our
common stock on the NYSE was $49.11 per share and there were eleven
record holders of our common stock.
Performance Graph
Set forth below is a graph comparing the cumulative total
stockholder return on our common stock against the cumulative total
return of the S&P 500 Index and the S&P 500 Consumer
Durables & Apparel Index for the period commencing December 31,
2017 through December 31, 2022. Index data was furnished by
FactSet. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on December 31,
2017 in each of our common stock, the S&P 500 Index, and the
S&P 500 Consumer Durables & Apparel Index and that all
dividends were reinvested.
Comparison of Cumulative Total Returns
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|
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31-Dec-17 |
|
31-Dec-18 |
|
31-Dec-19 |
|
31-Dec-20 |
|
31-Dec-21 |
|
31-Dec-22 |
Acushnet Holdings Corp. |
|
$100.00 |
|
$102.10 |
|
$160.92 |
|
$204.66 |
|
$271.57 |
|
$220.75 |
S&P 500 |
|
$100.00 |
|
$95.62 |
|
$125.72 |
|
$148.85 |
|
$191.58 |
|
$156.88 |
S&P 500 Consumer Durables & Apparel |
|
$100.00 |
|
$88.04 |
|
$118.33 |
|
$142.22 |
|
$174.02 |
|
$122.93 |
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Dividend Policy
We paid a total of $52.2 million, $49.2 million, and $46.1 million
in dividends on our common stock during the years ended December
31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We expect to pay future
quarterly cash dividends on our common stock, subject to the
discretion of our Board of Directors and our compliance with
applicable law, and depending on, among other things, our results
of operations, capital requirements, financial condition,
contractual restrictions, restrictions in our debt agreements and
in any equity securities, business prospects and other factors that
our Board of Directors may deem relevant. Our dividend policy may
be changed or terminated in the future at any time without advance
notice. For a description of the restrictions on our ability to pay
dividends under our credit agreement, see “Item 7. -
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources” and “Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 11 – Debt and Financing
Arrangements.”
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On June 7, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase
up to an aggregate of $20.0 million of our issued and outstanding
common stock from time to time. On February 14, 2019, our Board of
Directors authorized us to repurchase up to an additional $30.0
million of our issued and outstanding common stock. On February 11,
2020, our Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to an
additional $50.0 million of our issued and outstanding common
stock. On October 20, 2021, our Board of Directors authorized us to
repurchase up to an additional $100.0 million of our issued and
outstanding common stock. On April 28, 2022, our Board of Directors
authorized us to repurchase up to an additional $150.0 million of
our issued and outstanding common stock. On July 26, 2022, our
Board of Directors authorized us to repurchase up to an additional
$100.0 million of our issued and outstanding common stock, bringing
the total authorization up to $450.0 million. The repurchase
program will remain in effect until completed or until terminated
by the Board of Directors.
The following table provides information relating to the Company’s
purchase of common stock for the fourth quarter of
2022:
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|
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|
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Period |
|
Total number of shares purchased |
|
Average price paid per share |
|
Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced
plans or programs |
|
Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under
the plans or programs
(1)(2)
(in thousands)
|
October 1, 2022 - October 31, 2022 |
|
369,382 |
|
|
$ |
44.85 |
|
|
369,382 |
|
|
$ |
191,857 |
|
November 1, 2022 - November 30, 2022 |
|
375,000 |
|
|
45.34 |
|
|
375,000 |
|
|
174,854 |
|
December 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022 |
|
387,089 |
|
|
45.05 |
|
|
387,089 |
|
|
157,416 |
|
Total |
|
1,131,471 |
|
|
$ |
45.08 |
|
|
1,131,471 |
|
|
$ |
157,416 |
|
_____________________________________________________________________________
(1) In
connection with our share repurchase program, we have entered into
certain share repurchase agreements with Magnus Holdings Co., Ltd.
("Magnus"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fila Holdings Corp., to
purchase from Magnus an equal amount of our common stock as we
purchase on the open market at the same weighted average per share
price. In relation to these agreements, we recorded a liability of
$92.6 million to purchase an additional 2,000,839 shares of common
stock from Magnus as of December 31, 2022. See “Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements-Note 16-Common Stock,” Item 8 of
Part II, included elsewhere in this report, for disclosures related
to the Magnus share repurchase agreements.
(2) On
February 9, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized us to
repurchase up to an additional $250.0 million of our issued
and outstanding common stock, bringing the total authorization up
to $700.0 million since the share repurchase program was
established in 2018.
ITEM 6. Reserved
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
The following discussion contains management’s discussion and
analysis of our financial condition and results of operations and
should be read together with “Item 1A – Risk Factors” and
our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto
included elsewhere in this Annual Report. This discussion contains
forward‑looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and
beliefs and involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including but
not limited to those described in the “Risk Factors” section of
this report. Actual results may differ materially from those
contained in any forward‑looking statements. You should carefully
read the “Special Note Regarding Forward‑Looking Statements”
section of this report following the Table of
Contents.
Overview
We are the global leader in the design, development, manufacture
and distribution of performance‑driven golf products, which are
widely recognized for their quality excellence. Today, we are the
steward of two of the most revered brands in golf—Titleist, one of
golf’s leading performance equipment brands, and FootJoy, one of
golf’s leading performance wearable brands.
Our target market is dedicated golfers, who are the cornerstone of
the worldwide golf industry. These dedicated golfers are avid and
skill‑biased, prioritize performance and commit the time, effort
and money to improve their game. We seek to leverage a pyramid of
influence product and promotion strategy, whereby our products are
the most played by the world's best players, creating aspirational
appeal for a broad range of golfers who want to emulate the
performance of the game’s best players.
We believe our differentiated focus on performance and quality
excellence, enduring connections with dedicated golfers, and
favorable and market‑differentiating mix of consumable and durable
products have been the key drivers of our solid financial
performance.
Our financial results and operations continue to be impacted by the
macroeconomic environment, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Global supply chain issues, the impact of inflation and the impact
of changes in foreign currency exchange rates have resulted in
constrained raw material, component and sourced product
availability and increased raw material and other input costs,
including higher freight expense. These increased costs negatively
impacted cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2022,
resulting in a lower gross margin as compared to the year ended
December 31, 2021. The impact of inflation, particularly in the
form of higher raw material costs, as well as the impact of changes
in foreign currency exchange rates, is expected to continue in
2023; however, to a lesser extent than experienced in
2022.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying results have been prepared in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
(“U.S. GAAP”) and include the accounts of Acushnet Holdings
Corp. ("the Company"), our wholly-owned subsidiaries and less than
wholly-owned subsidiaries, including a variable interest entity
(“VIE”) in which we are the primary beneficiary. All intercompany
balances and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation.
We have four reportable segments. These segments include Titleist
golf balls, Titleist golf clubs, Titleist golf gear and FootJoy
golf wear. Segment operating income includes directly attributable
expenses and certain shared costs of corporate administration that
are allocated to the reportable segments, but excludes interest
expense, net; restructuring charges; the non-service cost component
of net periodic benefit cost; transaction fees and other
non-operating gains and losses as we do not allocate these to the
reportable segments.
Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Rounds of Play
We generate substantially all of our sales from the sale of
golf‑related products, including golf balls, golf clubs, golf
shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf apparel. The demand for
golf‑related products in general, and golf balls in particular, is
directly related to the number of golf participants and the number
of rounds of golf being played by these participants. While rounds
of play had been relatively stable for years, the game experienced
an approximate 8% global increase in rounds in both 2021 and 2020
as dedicated golfers took full advantage of favorable weather,
hybrid work schedules and an increase in discretionary time due to
the circumstances attendant to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The game of golf remained in high demand in 2022, with the number
of rounds played approximately 16% higher than the number of rounds
played in 2019. We anticipate that rounds of golf played will
remain resilient in 2023, driven by golfer demographics, dedicated
golfers and economic conditions.
Economic Conditions
Our products are recreational in nature and are therefore
discretionary purchases for consumers. Consumers are generally more
willing to spend their time and money to play golf and make
discretionary purchases of golf products when economic conditions
are favorable and when consumers feel confident and prosperous.
Discretionary spending on golf and the golf products we sell is
affected by consumer spending habits, as well as by many
macroeconomic factors, including general business conditions, stock
market prices and volatility, corporate spending, housing prices,
the rate of inflation, interest rates, the availability of consumer
credit, taxes and consumer confidence in future economic
conditions. Consumers may reduce or postpone purchases of our
products as a result of shifts in consumer spending habits as well
as during periods when economic uncertainty increases, disposable
income is lower, or during periods of actual or perceived
unfavorable economic conditions.
Demographic Factors
Golf is a recreational activity that requires time and money. The
golf industry has been principally driven by the age cohort of 30
years and above, primarily “gen‑xers,” “baby boomers” and,
increasingly, "millennials" who have the time and money to engage
in the sport. Since a significant number of baby boomers have yet
to retire, we anticipate growth in spending from this demographic,
as it has been demonstrated that rounds of play increase
significantly as those in this cohort reach retirement. Further, we
also believe that the percentage of women golfers will continue to
grow, as a higher percentage of new golfers in recent years have
been women. Beyond the gen‑x and baby boomer generation, promising
developments in golf include the generational shift with millennial
golfers making their marks at both professional and amateur levels
and, in 2022, accounting for 25% of golfers overall in the U.S.,
and the increase in the number of juniors (ages 6-17) who play golf
in recent years.
Golf participation among younger generations and certain
socioeconomic and ethnic groups may not prove to be as popular as
it is among the current gen‑x and baby boomer generations. In such
case, sales of our products could be negatively
impacted.
Weather Conditions
Weather conditions in most parts of the world, including our
primary geographic markets, generally restrict golf from being
played year-round, with many of our on‑course retail customers
closed during the cold weather months and, to a lesser extent,
during the hot weather months. Unfavorable weather conditions
in our major markets, such as a particularly long winter, a cold
and wet spring, or an extremely hot summer, would reduce the number
of playable days and rounds played in a given year, which
would result in a decrease in the amount spent by golfers and golf
retailers on our products, particularly with respect to consumable
products such as golf balls and golf gloves. In addition,
unfavorable weather conditions and natural disasters can adversely
affect the number of custom club fitting and trial events that we
can perform during the key selling period. Unusual or severe
weather conditions throughout the year, such as storms or
droughts or other water shortages, can negatively affect golf
rounds played both during the events and afterward, as weather
damaged golf courses are repaired and golfers focus on repairing
the damage to their homes, businesses and communities.
Consequently, sustained adverse weather conditions, especially
during the warm weather months, could impact our sales.
Adverse weather conditions may have a greater impact on us than
other golf equipment companies as we have a large percentage
of consumable products in our product portfolio, and the purchase
of consumable products are more dependent on the number of rounds
played in a given year.
Seasonality
In general, during the first quarter, we begin selling our products
into the golf retail channel for the new golf season. This initial
sell‑in generally continues into the second quarter. Our
second‑quarter sales are significantly affected by the amount of
sell‑through, in particular the amount of higher value
discretionary purchases made by customers, which drives the level
of reorders of the products sold during the first quarter. Our
third‑quarter sales are generally dependent on reorder business,
and are generally lower than the second quarter as many retailers
begin decreasing their inventory levels in anticipation of the end
of the golf season. Our fourth‑quarter sales are generally less
than the other quarters due to the end of the golf season in many
of our key markets, but can also be affected by key product
launches. This seasonality, and therefore quarter to quarter
fluctuations, can be affected by many factors, including weather
conditions as discussed previously under “-Weather Conditions” and
the timing of new product introductions as discussed below under
“-Cyclicality.” This seasonality affects sales in each of our
reportable segments differently. In general, however, because of
this seasonality, a larger portion of our sales and profitability
generally occurs during the first half of
the year.
Cyclicality
Our sales can also be affected by the launch timing of new
products. Product introductions generally stimulate sales as the
golf retail channel takes on inventory of new products. Reorders of
these new products then depend on the rate of
sell‑through. Announcements of new products can often cause our
customers to defer purchasing additional golf equipment until our
new products are available. The varying product introduction cycles
described below may cause our results of operations to fluctuate as
each product line has different volumes, prices and
margins.
Product Life Cycles
Titleist Golf Balls Segment
We generally launch new Titleist golf ball models on a two-year
cycle. In general, in odd-numbered years, we launch our premium
performance models, Pro V1 and Pro V1x, in the first quarter and in
even-numbered years, we launch our premium performance AVX model
and most performance models in the first and second quarters. For
new golf ball models, sales occur at a higher rate in the year of
the initial launch than in the second year. Given the Pro V1
franchise is our highest volume and our highest priced product in
this product category, we typically have higher net sales in our
Titleist golf ball segment in odd-numbered years.
Titleist Golf Clubs Segment
We generally launch new Titleist golf club models on a two‑year
cycle using the following product launch cycle. At present, we
anticipate continuing to use this product launch cycle going
forward because we believe it aligns our launches with the purchase
habits of dedicated golfers. In general, we launch:
•drivers
and fairways in the third or fourth quarter of
even‑numbered years, which typically results in an increase in
sales of drivers and fairways during such quarters because
retailers take on initial supplies of these products as stock
inventory, with increased sales generated by such new products
continuing the following spring and summer of
odd‑numbered years;
•hybrids
in the first or second quarter of odd-numbered years, with the
majority of sales generated by such new products occurring in the
spring, summer and fall of odd‑numbered years;
•irons
in the third or fourth quarter of odd‑numbered years, with the
majority of sales generated by such new products occurring in the
following spring and summer of even‑numbered years because a higher
percentage of our new irons as compared to our drivers and fairways
are sold through on a custom fit basis and the spring and summer is
when golfers tend to make such custom fit purchases;
•Vokey
Design wedges in the first quarter of even‑numbered years,
with the majority of sales generated by such new products occurring
in the spring and summer of such even‑numbered years;
and
•Scotty
Cameron putters in the first quarter, with the majority of sales
generated by such new products occurring in the spring and summer
of the year in which they are launched. Historically, Select models
were launched in even‑numbered years and Phantom X models launched
in odd‑numbered years, however, as a result of the market
disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we now launch Phantom
X models in even-numbered years and Select models in odd-numbered
years.
As a result of this product launch cycle, we generally expect to
have higher net sales in our Titleist golf clubs segment in
even‑numbered years.
Titleist Golf Gear and FootJoy Golf Wear Segments
Our Titleist golf gear and FootJoy golf wear businesses are not
subject to the same degree of cyclical fluctuation as our golf ball
and golf club businesses as new product offerings and styles are
generally introduced each year and at different times during
the year.
Foreign Currency
Net sales generated outside of the United States by our non‑U.S.
subsidiaries represent approximately 50% of our net sales in each
of the three years ended December 31, 2022. Substantially all
of these net sales generated outside of the United States were
generated in the applicable local currency, which include, but are
not limited to, the Japanese yen, the Korean won, the British pound
sterling, the euro and the Canadian dollar. In contrast,
substantially all of the purchases of inventory, raw materials or
components by our non‑U.S. subsidiaries are made in U.S. dollars.
For each of the three years ended December 31, 2022,
approximately 85% of our cost of goods sold incurred by our
non‑U.S. subsidiaries was denominated in U.S. dollars. Because our
non‑U.S. subsidiaries incur substantially all of their cost of
goods sold in currencies that are different from the currencies in
which they generate substantially all of their sales, we are
exposed to transaction risk attributable to fluctuations in such
exchange rates, which can impact the gross profit of our non‑U.S.
subsidiaries.
In an effort to protect against adverse fluctuations in foreign
exchange rates and minimize foreign currency transaction risk, we
take an active approach to currency hedging, which includes among
other things, entering into various foreign exchange forward
contracts, with the primary goal of providing earnings and cash
flow stability. As a result of our active approach to currency
hedging, we are able to take a longer term view and more flexible
approach towards pricing our products and making cost‑related
decisions. In taking this active approach, we coordinate with the
management teams of our key non‑U.S. subsidiaries on an ongoing
basis to share our views on anticipated currency movements and make
decisions on securing foreign currency exchange contract positions
that are incorporated into our business planning and forecasting
processes. Because our hedging activities are designed to reduce
volatility, they reduce not only the negative impact of a stronger
U.S. dollar but could also reduce the positive impact of a weaker
U.S. dollar.
Because our consolidated accounts are reported in U.S. dollars, we
are also exposed to currency translation risk when we translate the
financial results of our consolidated non‑U.S. subsidiaries from
their local currency into U.S. dollars. In each of the three years
ended December 31, 2022, approximately one-half of our net sales
and one-third of our total operating expenses (which amounts
represent substantially all of the operating expenses incurred by
our non‑U.S. subsidiaries) were denominated in foreign currencies.
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may positively or
negatively affect our reported financial results and can
significantly affect period‑over‑period comparisons. A
strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to our foreign currencies
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
Key Performance Measures
We use various financial metrics to measure and evaluate our
business, including, among others: (i) net sales on a constant
currency basis, (ii) Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis,
(iii) Adjusted EBITDA margin on a consolidated basis and
(iv) segment operating income (loss).
Since a significant percentage of our net sales are generated
outside of the United States, we use net sales on a constant
currency basis to evaluate the sales performance of our business in
period over period comparisons and for forecasting our business
going forward. Constant currency information allows us to estimate
what our sales performance would have been without changes in
foreign currency exchange rates. This information is calculated by
taking the current period local currency sales and translating them
into U.S. dollars based upon the foreign currency exchange rates
for the applicable comparable prior period. This constant currency
information should not be considered in isolation or as a
substitute for any measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Our presentation of constant currency information may not be
consistent with the manner in which similar measures are derived or
used by other companies.
We primarily use Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis to
evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, assess our
consolidated operating performance and make decisions regarding
pricing of our products, go to market execution and costs to incur
across our business. We present Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental
measure of our operating performance because it excludes the impact
of certain items that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing
operating performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA in a manner
consistent with the term “Consolidated EBITDA” as it is defined in
our credit agreement. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss)
attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. plus interest expense, net,
income tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization and
other items defined in the agreement, including: share-based
compensation expense; restructuring and transformation costs;
certain transaction fees; extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring
losses or charges; indemnification expense (income); certain
pension settlement costs; certain other non-cash (gains) losses,
net and the net income relating to noncontrolling interests.
Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement of financial performance under
U.S. GAAP. It should not be considered an alternative to net income
(loss) attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. as a measure of our
operating performance or any other measure of performance derived
in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA should
not be construed as an inference that our future results will be
unaffected by unusual or non‑recurring items, or affected by
similar non‑recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an
analytical tool, and you should not consider such measure either in
isolation or as a substitute for analyzing our results as reported
under U.S. GAAP. Our definition and calculation of Adjusted EBITDA
is not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled measures
used by other companies due to different methods of calculation.
For a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss)
attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp., see “—Results of
Operations” below.
We also use Adjusted EBITDA margin on a consolidated basis, which
measures our Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net sales,
because our management uses it to evaluate the effectiveness of our
business strategies, assess our consolidated operating performance
and make decisions regarding pricing of our products, go to market
execution and costs to incur across our business. We present
Adjusted EBITDA margin as a supplemental measure of our operating
performance because it excludes the impact of certain items that we
do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance.
Adjusted EBITDA margin is not a measurement of financial
performance under U.S. GAAP. It should not be considered an
alternative to any measure of performance derived in accordance
with U.S. GAAP. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA margin should not be
construed as an inference that our future results will be
unaffected by unusual or non‑recurring items, or
affected
by similar non‑recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA margin has
limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider such
measure either in isolation or as a substitute for analyzing our
results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Our definition and calculation
of Adjusted EBITDA margin is not necessarily comparable to other
similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different
methods of calculation.
Lastly, we use segment operating income (loss) to evaluate and
assess the performance of each of our reportable segments and to
make budgeting decisions.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our
results of operations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
(in thousands) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Net sales |
$ |
2,270,336 |
|
|
$ |
2,147,930 |
|
|
$ |
1,612,169 |
|
Cost of goods sold |
1,091,103 |
|
|
1,029,493 |
|
|
782,333 |
|
Gross profit |
1,179,233 |
|
|
1,118,437 |
|
|
829,836 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative |
833,422 |
|
|
795,422 |
|
|
610,603 |
|
Research and development |
56,393 |
|
|
55,335 |
|
|
48,942 |
|
Intangible amortization(1)
|
7,885 |
|
|
7,868 |
|
|
11,629 |
|
Restructuring charges |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
13,207 |
|
Income from operations |
281,533 |
|
|
259,812 |
|
|
145,455 |
|
Interest expense, net |
13,269 |
|
|
7,709 |
|
|
15,630 |
|
Other expense, net |
8,829 |
|
|
4,280 |
|
|
16,776 |
|
Income before income taxes |
259,435 |
|
|
247,823 |
|
|
113,049 |
|
Income tax expense |
54,351 |
|
|
63,583 |
|
|
13,038 |
|
Net income |
205,084 |
|
|
184,240 |
|
|
100,011 |
|
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests |
(5,806) |
|
|
(5,367) |
|
|
(4,005) |
|
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. |
$ |
199,278 |
|
|
$ |
178,873 |
|
|
$ |
96,006 |
|
Adjusted EBITDA: |
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. |
$ |
199,278 |
|
|
$ |
178,873 |
|
|
$ |
96,006 |
|
Interest expense, net |
13,269 |
|
|
7,709 |
|
|
15,630 |
|
Income tax expense |
54,351 |
|
|
63,583 |
|
|
13,038 |
|
Depreciation and amortization
(1)
|
41,706 |
|
|
41,243 |
|
|
45,429 |
|
Share-based compensation |
24,083 |
|
|
27,639 |
|
|
16,016 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring and transformation costs(2)
|
— |
|
|
2,429 |
|
|
15,589 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beam indemnification expense
(3)
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
9,871 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items, net
(4)(5)
|
(85) |
|
|
1,494 |
|
|
17,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
5,806 |
|
|
5,367 |
|
|
4,005 |
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
$ |
338,408 |
|
|
$ |
328,337 |
|
|
$ |
233,184 |
|
Adjusted EBITDA margin |
14.9 |
% |
|
15.3 |
% |
|
14.5 |
% |
___________________________________
(1) The year ended December 31, 2020
includes a goodwill impairment loss of $3.8 million related to
KJUS.
(2) Relates to severance and other costs
associated with management's program to refine our business model
and improve operational efficiencies.
(3) Includes non-cash indemnification
expense related to tax audits for the periods in which we were
owned by Beam Suntory, Inc. (“Beam”).
(4) The year ended December 31, 2021
includes pension settlement costs of $2.1 million related to
lump-sum distributions to participants in our defined benefit plans
as a result of the voluntary retirement program as part of
management’s approved restructuring program, as well as other
immaterial unusual or non-recurring items, net.
(5) The year ended December 31, 2020
includes salaries and benefits paid for associates who could not
work due to government mandated shutdowns, fringe benefits paid for
furloughed associates, spoiled raw materials, incremental costs to
support remote work and the cost of additional health and safety
equipment of $13.5 million. The year ended December 31, 2020 also
includes pension settlement costs of $7.2 million related to
lump-sum distributions to participants in our defined benefit plans
as a result of the voluntary retirement program as part of
management’s approved restructuring program, as well as other
immaterial unusual or non-recurring items, net.
Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to the Year Ended
December 31, 2021
Net sales by reportable segment is summarized as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended |
|
|
|
|
|
Constant Currency |
|
December 31, |
|
Increase/(Decrease) |
|
Increase/(Decrease) |
(in millions) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
$ change |
|
% change |
|
$ change |
|
% change |
Titleist golf balls |
$ |
678.8 |
|
|
$ |
667.6 |
|
|
$ |
11.2 |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
|
$ |
37.9 |
|
|
5.7 |
% |
Titleist golf clubs |
609.6 |
|
|
551.5 |
|
|
58.1 |
|
|
10.5 |
% |
|
89.7 |
|
|
16.3 |
% |
Titleist golf gear |
204.9 |
|
|
192.6 |
|
|
12.3 |
|
|
6.4 |
% |
|
24.1 |
|
|
12.5 |
% |
FootJoy golf wear |
618.0 |
|
|
580.6 |
|
|
37.4 |
|
|
6.4 |
% |
|
71.1 |
|
|
12.2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales information by region is summarized as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended |
|
|
|
|
|
Constant Currency |
|
December 31, |
|
Increase/(Decrease) |
|
Increase/(Decrease) |
(in millions) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
$ change |
|
% change |
|
$ change |
|
% change |
United States |
$ |
1,227.8 |
|
|
$ |
1,125.0 |
|
|
$ |
102.8 |
|
|
9.1 |
% |
|
$ |
102.8 |
|
|
9.1 |
% |
EMEA(1)
|
321.5 |
|
|
296.0 |
|
|
25.5 |
|
|
8.6 |
% |
|
60.6 |
|
|
20.5 |
% |
Japan |
161.0 |
|
|
188.0 |
|
|
(27.0) |
|
|
(14.4) |
% |
|
4.2 |
|
|
2.2 |
% |
Korea |
312.7 |
|
|
322.6 |
|
|
(9.9) |
|
|
(3.1) |
% |
|
29.6 |
|
|
9.2 |
% |
Rest of World |
247.3 |
|
|
216.3 |
|
|
31.0 |
|
|
14.3 |
% |
|
43.5 |
|
|
20.1 |
% |
Total net sales |
$ |
2,270.3 |
|
|
$ |
2,147.9 |
|
|
$ |
122.4 |
|
|
5.7 |
% |
|
$ |
240.7 |
|
|
11.2 |
% |
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1) Europe, the Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")
Segment operating income by reportable segment is summarized as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended |
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
Increase/(Decrease) |
(in millions) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
$ change |
|
% change |
Titleist golf balls |
$ |
112.7 |
|
|
$ |
106.2 |
|
|
$ |
6.5 |
|
|
6.1 |
% |
Titleist golf clubs |
100.9 |
|
|
75.4 |
|
|
25.5 |
|
|
33.8 |
% |
Titleist golf gear |
11.7 |
|
|
14.7 |
|
|
(3.0) |
|
|
(20.4) |
% |
FootJoy golf wear |
37.0 |
|
|
44.2 |
|
|
(7.2) |
|
|
(16.3) |
% |
Net Sales
For the year ended December 31, 2022, net sales increased 5.7%, or
11.2% on a constant currency basis, compared to the year ended
December 31, 2021. The increase was driven by growth across all
reportable segments primarily as a result of higher sales volumes
and higher average selling prices.
The increase in net sales in the United States was primarily as a
result of increases of $51.2 million in Titleist golf clubs, $20.6
million in Titleist golf balls, $13.8 million in FootJoy golf wear
and $10.1 million in Titleist golf gear. The increase in Titleist
golf clubs was primarily driven by higher sales volumes of SM9
wedges, Phantom X putters, T-Series irons and our newly introduced
TSR drivers and fairways. The increase in Titleist golf balls was
primarily due to higher average selling prices and higher sales
volumes. The increase in FootJoy golf wear was primarily driven by
higher average selling prices of footwear and higher sales volumes
of apparel. The increase in Titleist golf gear was primarily driven
by higher average selling prices across all product
categories.
Net sales in regions outside of the United States increased 1.9%,
or 13.5% on a constant currency basis. In EMEA, net sales increased
across all reportable segments, with the first quarter of 2022
having the largest increase due to the adverse impact of
government-ordered shutdowns in this region during the first
quarter of 2021. In Korea and Rest of World, net sales increased
across all reportable segments. In Japan, net sales increased in
FootJoy golf wear and Titleist golf clubs.
Gross Profit
Gross profit increased $60.8 million for the year ended December
31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. Gross margin
decreased to 51.9% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to
52.1% for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in gross
profit primarily resulted from an increase of $35.8 million in
Titleist golf clubs and an increase of $13.9 million in FootJoy
golf wear, both primarily due to sales volume increases. These
increases were partially offset by increased inbound freight costs
and the unfavorable impact of changes in foreign currency exchange
rates across all reportable segments. The decrease in gross margin
was primarily due to increased inbound freight costs across all
reportable segments.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased
$38.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the
year ended December 31, 2021. This increase was primarily due to an
increase of $26.5 million in selling expense due to higher sales
volumes across all reportable segments and higher third party
distribution expenses in FootJoy golf wear and Titleist golf gear,
as well as an increase of $15.2 million in administrative expense
primarily due to higher expenses related to information
technology-related investments. These increases were partially
offset by a decrease of $4.5 million in advertising and promotional
expenses and a decrease in employee related expenses. SG&A also
includes an increase of $8.5 million in foreign currency
transaction losses, offset in part by an increase in gains on
foreign exchange forward contracts of $2.5 million. Overall,
SG&A included a favorable impact of changes in foreign currency
exchange rates of $32.5 million across all expense categories and
reportable segments.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net increased $5.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.
This increase was primarily due to an increase in interest rates
for the year ended December 31, 2022, as well as an increase in
borrowings, offset in part by a decrease in losses from interest
rate swaps.
Other Expense, net
Other expense, net increased $4.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021
primarily due to an increase in the non-service cost component of
net periodic benefit expense, as well as changes in the fair value
of Rabbi trust assets.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense decreased $9.2 million for the year ended
December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. Our
effective tax rate ("ETR") was 20.9% for the year ended December
31, 2022 compared to 25.7% for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The decrease in ETR was primarily driven by changes in our
jurisdictional mix of earnings.
Segment Results
Titleist Golf Balls Segment
Net sales in our Titleist golf balls segment increased 1.7%, or
5.7% on a constant currency basis, for the year ended December 31,
2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was
primarily driven by higher sales volumes and average selling
prices. Sales volumes were negatively impacted by certain raw
material availability.
Operating income in our Titleist golf balls segment increased $6.5
million, or 6.1%, compared to the prior year period. The increase
in operating income resulted from higher gross profit of $9.0
million, partially offset by higher operating expenses of $2.4
million. The increase in gross profit was primarily driven by sales
volume increases and higher average selling prices, partially
offset by higher manufacturing costs and higher inbound freight
costs. Operating expenses increased primarily as a result of
increases of $3.5 million and $1.5 million in administrative and
selling expenses, respectively, partially offset by a decrease of
$2.4 million in advertising and promotional expenses.
Titleist Golf Clubs Segment
Net sales in our Titleist golf clubs segment increased 10.5%, or
16.3% on a constant currency basis, for the year ended December 31,
2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was
largely due to higher sales volumes of our SM9 wedges launched in
the first quarter of 2022, Phantom X putters launched in the second
quarter of 2022, T-Series irons launched in the third quarter of
2021 and TSR drivers and fairways launched in the third quarter of
2022. This increase was partially offset by lower sales volumes of
second model year hybrids.
Operating income in our Titleist golf clubs segment increased $25.5
million, or 33.8%, compared to the prior year period. The increase
in operating income resulted from higher gross profit of $35.8
million, partially offset by higher operating expenses of $10.2
million. The increase in gross profit was primarily due to higher
sales volumes, partially offset by increased inbound freight and
component costs and the unfavorable impact of changes in foreign
currency exchange rates. Higher operating expenses were primarily
as a result of an increase of $7.0 million in selling expense
primarily due to higher distribution expenses and an increase of
$4.3 million in administrative expenses, partially offset by a
decrease of $2.1 million in advertising and promotional
expenses.
Titleist Golf Gear Segment
Net sales in our Titleist golf gear segment increased 6.4%, or
12.5% on a constant currency basis, for the year ended December 31,
2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was
primarily due to higher average selling prices across all product
categories.
Operating income in our Titleist golf gear segment decreased $3.0
million, or 20.4%, compared to the prior year period. The decrease
in operating income resulted from higher operating expenses of $4.7
million, partially offset by higher gross profit of $1.7 million.
Gross profit increased due to higher average selling prices,
partially offset by increased inbound freight costs. Operating
expenses increased primarily as a result of an increase of $2.9
million in selling expense due to higher third party distribution
expenses.
FootJoy Golf Wear Segment
Net sales in our FootJoy golf wear segment increased 6.4%, or 12.2%
on a constant currency basis, for the year ended December 31, 2022
compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase was
primarily due to increased sales volumes across all product
categories.
Operating income in our FootJoy golf wear segment decreased $7.2
million, or 16.3% compared to the prior year period. The decrease
in operating income resulted from higher operating expenses of
$21.2 million, partially offset by higher gross profit of $13.9
million. Gross profit increased primarily as a result of sales
volume increases, partially offset by increased inbound freight
costs and the unfavorable impact of changes in foreign currency
exchange rates. Operating expenses increased primarily as a result
of an increase of $16.4 million in selling expense due to higher
sales volumes and higher third party distribution expenses, as well
as an increase of $4.6 million in administrative
expense.
Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to the Year Ended
December 31, 2020
A detailed review of our results of operations for the year
ended
December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020
can be found in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of
the
Annual Report
for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the SEC
on March 1, 2022, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary cash needs relate to working capital, capital
expenditures, servicing our debt, paying dividends, pension
contributions and repurchasing shares of our common stock.
Additionally, from
time to time, we may make strategic acquisitions and investments
to
complement our products, technologies or businesses,
which could impact our liquidity needs.
We expect to rely on cash flows from operations and borrowings
under our revolving credit facility and local credit facilities as
our primary sources of liquidity.
Our liquidity is impacted by our level of working capital, which is
cyclical as a result of the general seasonality of our business.
Our accounts receivable balance is generally at its highest
starting at the end of the first quarter and continuing through the
second quarter, and declines during the third and fourth quarters
as a result of both an increase in cash collections and lower
sales. Our inventory balance also fluctuates as a result of the
seasonality of our business. Generally, our buildup of inventory
starts during the fourth quarter and continues through the first
quarter and into the beginning of the second quarter in order to
meet demand for our initial sell-in during the first quarter and
reorders in the second quarter. Both accounts receivable and
inventory balances are impacted by the timing of new product
launches.
As of December 31, 2022, we had $57.1 million of unrestricted cash
and cash equivalents (including $13.7 million attributable to our
FootJoy golf shoe variable interest entity). As of December 31,
2022, 96.1% of our total unrestricted cash and cash equivalents was
held at our non‑U.S. subsidiaries, including our FootJoy golf shoe
variable interest entity. We manage our worldwide cash requirements
by monitoring the funds available among our subsidiaries and
determining the extent to which we can access those funds on a cost
effective basis. We are not aware of any restrictions on
repatriation of these funds and, subject to foreign withholding
taxes, those funds could be repatriated, if necessary. We have
repatriated, and intend to repatriate, funds to the United States
from time to time to satisfy domestic liquidity needs arising in
the ordinary course of business.
As noted previously, the macroeconomic environment, including the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, could impact our results of operations
in ways we cannot currently predict. Nonetheless, we believe that
cash expected to be provided by operating activities, together with
our cash on hand and the availability of borrowings under our
revolving credit facility and our local credit facilities (subject
to customary borrowing conditions) will be sufficient to meet our
liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months. Our ability
to generate sufficient cash flows from operations is, however,
subject to many risks and uncertainties, including current and
future economic trends and conditions, demand for our products,
availability and cost of our raw materials and components, foreign
currency exchange rates and other risks and uncertainties
applicable to our business, as described in "Risk Factors," Item 1A
of Part I included elsewhere in this report.
Debt and Financing Arrangements
On August 2, 2022, we amended our credit facility to, among other
things, provide a $950.0 million multi-currency revolving credit
facility and amend rates per annum at which borrowings in different
denominations bear interest. On August 2, 2022, proceeds from
borrowings under the multi-currency revolving credit facility were
used to, among other things, prepay in full our outstanding term
loans and refinance our outstanding borrowings under the revolving
credit facility. Immediately prior to payment, the aggregate
amounts outstanding related to the term loans and revolving credit
facility were approximately $306.3 million and $72.6 million,
respectively.
As of December 31, 2022, we had $416.8 million of availability
under our revolving credit facility after giving effect to $6.9
million of outstanding letters of credit. Additionally, we had
$25.6 million available under our local credit
facilities.
Our credit agreement contains customary affirmative and restrictive
covenants, including, among others, financial covenants based on
our leverage and interest coverage ratios. The credit agreement
also includes customary events of default, the occurrence of which,
following any applicable cure period, would permit the lenders to,
among other things, declare the principal, accrued interest and
other obligations to be immediately due and payable. As of December
31, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants under our credit
agreement.
See "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements- Note 11- Debt and
Financing Arrangements," Item 8 of Part II included elsewhere in
this report, for a description of our credit facilities and related
credit agreements. Additionally, see "Risk Factors - Risks Related
to Our Indebtedness", Item 1A of Part I included elsewhere in this
report, for further discussion surrounding the risks and
uncertainties related to our credit facilities.
Dividends and Share Repurchase Program
During the year ended December 31, 2022, we paid dividends on our
common stock of $52.2 million to our shareholders. During the first
quarter of 2023, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of
$0.195 per share of common stock to shareholders of record as of
March 10, 2023, which is payable on March 24,
2023.
As of December 31, 2022, our Board of Directors had authorized us
to repurchase up to an aggregate of $450.0 million of our issued
and outstanding common stock. During 2022, we repurchased 4,114,863
shares of common stock at an average price of $46.36 for an
aggregate of $190.8 million. Included in this amount were 699,819
shares of common stock repurchased on January 24, 2022 from Magnus
Holdings Co., Ltd. (“Magnus”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fila
Holdings Corp., for an aggregate of $37.5 million, in satisfaction
of our obligations pursuant to our previously disclosed Magnus
share repurchase agreement.
On June 16, 2022, we entered into a new agreement with Magnus
to purchase from Magnus an equal amount of our common stock as we
purchase on the open market, up to an aggregate of
$75.0 million at the same weighted average per share price
(the "2022 Agreement"). On August 30, 2022, we amended and
restated the 2022 Agreement to increase the aggregate dollar amount
of shares of our common stock that we will purchase from Magnus
from $75.0 million to $100.0 million (the "Amended and
Restated 2022 Agreement"). As a result of purchases made on the
open market subsequent to entering into the 2022 Agreement, we
recorded a liability of $92.6 million to repurchase an additional
2,000,839 shares of common stock from Magnus as of December 31,
2022.
As of December 31, 2022, we had $157.4 million remaining under the
current share repurchase authorization, including $100.0 million
related to the Amended and Restated 2022 Agreement. On
February 9, 2023, our Board of Directors authorized us to
repurchase up to an additional $250.0 million of our issued
and outstanding common stock, bringing the total authorization up
to $700.0 million since the share repurchase program was
established in 2018.
Between January 1, 2023 and January 13, 2023, we purchased an
additional 167,689 shares of our common stock on the open market
for an aggregate of $7.4 million, bringing the cumulative
total open market purchases since the inception of the 2022
Agreement to $100.0 million. As a result, on January 23,
2023, we purchased 2,168,528 shares of our common stock from Magnus
for an aggregate of $100.0 million, in satisfaction of our
obligation under the Amended and Restated 2022
Agreement.
See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements-Note 16-Common
Stock,” Item 8 of Part II, included elsewhere in this report, for a
description of our share repurchase program and Magnus share
repurchase agreements.
Other Acquisitions
On April 1, 2022, we acquired the outstanding equity interest
in PG Golf LLC for $5.0 million, including cash consideration of
$3.6 million and contingent consideration of $1.4 million. On
November 4, 2022, we completed the acquisition of an 80%
interest in certain assets and liabilities of TPI EDU, LLC, Onbase
University, LP and Racquetfit, LP for cash consideration of $18.4
million. In addition, on December 31, 2022, we separately acquired
trademarks related to our putter business for $65.0
million.
In January 2023, we acquired certain trademarks, domains and
products of an industry leader specializing in premium performance
golf travel products for $25.0 million.
See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements-Note 2-Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies, Note 8-Business Combinations and
Note 9-Goodwill and Intangible Assets,” Item 8 of Part II, included
elsewhere in this report, for additional information regarding our
acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Capital Expenditures
We made $61.4 million of capital expenditures during the year
ended December 31, 2022. Capital expenditures in 2023 are expected
to be approximately $75.0 million, although the actual amount may
vary depending upon a variety of factors, including the timing of
certain capital project implementations and receipt of capital
purchases due to supply chain challenges. Capital expenditures
generally relate to investments to support the manufacturing and
distribution of products, our go to market activities and continued
investments in information technology to support our global
strategic initiatives.
Cash Flows
The following table presents the major components of net cash flows
from operating, investing and financing activities for the periods
indicated:
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Year ended December 31, |
(in thousands) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Cash flows from: |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating activities |
$ |
(67,787) |
|
|
$ |
314,122 |
|
|
$ |
264,425 |
|
Investing activities |
(140,222) |
|
|
(37,597) |
|
|
(24,675) |
|
Financing activities |
(8,584) |
|
|
(140,326) |
|
|
(128,587) |
|
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents
and restricted cash |
(6,180) |
|
|
(5,974) |
|
|
6,105 |
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted
cash |
$ |
(222,773) |
|
|
$ |
130,225 |
|
|
$ |
117,268 |
|
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
The change in cash flows from operating activities for the year
ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31,
2021 was driven by changes in working capital. Working capital at
any specific point in time is subject to many variables, including
seasonality and inventory management, the timing of cash receipts
and payments, vendor payment terms and fluctuations in foreign
exchange rates. During the year ended December 31, 2022, changes in
working capital were primarily related to changes in inventory
driven by many factors including an increase in demand for our
product, inventory build up in anticipation of 2023 product
launches, and improved inventory position and supply chain as
compared with 2021.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
The increase in cash used in investing activities for the year
ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December
31, 2021 was primarily driven by cash paid for business and
trademark acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2022, as
well as increased capital expenditures for the same
period.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
The decrease in cash used in financing activities for the year
ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31,
2021 was primarily due to an increase in borrowings, offset in part
by an increase in purchases of our common stock.
Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to the Year Ended
December 31, 2020
A review of our cash flow activities for the year ended
December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020
can be found in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7 of
the
Annual Report
for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the SEC
on March 1, 2022, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
Contractual Obligations
Our principal contractual obligations and commitments consist of
long term debt obligations, interest on debt obligations (including
unused commitment fees related to our revolving credit facility),
operating and finance lease obligations, purchase obligations and
pension and other postretirement benefit obligations.
See "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements-Note 11-Debt and
Financing Arrangements", "Note 4-Leases", "Note 22-Commitments and
Contingencies" and "Note 14-Pension and Other Postretirement
Benefits" in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report for more
information on the nature and timing of obligations for debt,
leases, purchase obligations and pension and postretirement benefit
plans, respectively. The future amount of interest expense payments
are expected to vary as discussed in "Interest Rate Risk," Item 7A
of Part II, included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Off‑Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2022, other than as discussed above, we did not
have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are
reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our
financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital
expenditures or capital resources.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities. Management bases its
estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that
are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results
of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates.
A summary of significant accounting
policies is included in Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of
Part II, which is incorporated herein by reference. An accounting
policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting
estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are
highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different
estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the
estimate that are reasonably possible could materially impact the
financial statements. We believe the following judgments and
estimates are critical in the preparation of our consolidated
financial statements.
Goodwill
We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually and whenever events or
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of this asset may
not be recoverable. We test goodwill for impairment by comparing
the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. The
fair value of our reporting units is determined using the income
approach. Under the income approach, we estimate the fair value of
a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future
cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management’s
estimates of revenue growth rates, taking into consideration
industry and market conditions. The discount rate is the
weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk
associated with business-specific characteristics and the
uncertainty related to the reporting unit’s ability to execute on
the projected cash flows. This analysis contains uncertainties
related to estimating revenue growth as it requires us to make
assumptions and apply judgments to estimate industry economic
factors and the profitability of future business strategies. If
actual results are not consistent with our estimates and
assumptions, we may be exposed to future impairment losses that
could be material.
If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of
the net assets assigned to that reporting
unit, goodwill is not impaired. If the carrying value of
the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair
value of the reporting unit, then we would record an impairment
loss equal to the difference, not to exceed the total amount of
goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
We perform our annual impairment test of goodwill during
the fourth quarter of our fiscal year. We recorded a goodwill
impairment loss of $3.8 million for the year ended December
31, 2020 related to KJUS. There were no other impairment losses
recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and
2020.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
We provide various post-employment plans including defined benefit
plans (or "pension plans") and postretirement benefit plans which
provide benefits to certain eligible U.S. and foreign employees.
Projected benefit obligations are measured using various actuarial
assumptions, such as discount rate, rate of compensation increase,
mortality rate, turnover rate and health care cost trend rates, as
determined at each year end measurement date. The measurement
of net periodic benefit cost is based on various actuarial
assumptions, including discount rate, expected return on plan
assets and rate of compensation increase, which are determined as
of the prior year measurement date. Our actuarial assumptions
are reviewed on an annual basis and modified when
appropriate.
Our projected benefit obligations related to our pension and other
postretirement benefit plans are valued using a weighted‑average
discount rate of 5.16% and 5.10%, respectively, for the year
ended December 31, 2022. Decreasing the discount rate by 100 basis
points would have increased the projected benefit obligations of
our pension and other postretirement benefit plan by approximately
$30.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively, for the year
ended December 31, 2022.
Our net periodic benefit cost related to
our pension and other postretirement benefit plans is calculated
using a weighted average discount rate of 2.93% and 2.71%,
respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2022. Decreasing the
discount rate by 100 basis points would decrease net periodic
pension cost by approximately $0.3 million and increase other
postretirement benefit cost by approximately $0.2 million for
the year ended December 31, 2022. Additionally, our net
periodic benefit cost related to our pension plans is calculated
using an expected return on plan assets of 3.44% for the year ended
December 31, 2022. Decreasing the expected return on plan assets by
100 basis points would increase net periodic pension benefit cost
by approximately $2.1 million for the year ended December 31,
2022.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets represent amounts available to reduce income
taxes payable on taxable income in future years. Such assets arise
because of temporary differences between the financial reporting
and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as from net
operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. We evaluate the
recoverability of these future tax deductions and credits by
assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all
sources, including reversal of temporary differences, forecasted
operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. These
sources of income rely heavily on estimates that are based on a
number of factors, including historical experience and short-range
and long-range business forecasts. As of December 31, 2022, we had
a valuation allowance on certain net operating loss and tax credit
carryforwards based on our assessment that it is more likely than
not that the deferred tax assets will not be recognized. As of
December 31, 2022 and 2021, the cumulative valuation allowance
against deferred tax assets was $34.1 million and $30.0 million,
respectively.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and foreign
jurisdictions. We account for uncertain tax positions using a more
likely than not threshold for recognizing and resolving uncertain
tax matters. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our
uncertain tax positions and determining our provision for income
taxes. Although we believe we have adequately reserved for our
uncertain tax positions, no assurance can be given that the outcome
of these matters will not be different. We adjust these reserves in
light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of
tax audits or refinement of an estimate. To the extent the outcome
of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such
differences will affect the provision for income taxes and the
effective tax rate in the period in which the determination is
made.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
We have reviewed all recently issued accounting standards and have
determined that, other than as disclosed in “Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements – Note 2 – Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies”, Item 8 of Part II, included elsewhere in this
report, such accounting standards will not have a significant
impact on our consolidated financial statements or do not otherwise
apply to our operations.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to various market risks, which may result in
potential losses arising from adverse changes in market rates, such
as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices and
availability, as well as inflation risk. We do not enter into
derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or
speculative purposes and do not believe we are exposed to material
market risk with respect to our cash and cash
equivalents.
Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to interest rate risk under our various credit
facilities which accrue interest at variable rates, as described in
“Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 11 - Debt and
Financing Arrangements,” Item 8 of Part II, included elsewhere in
this report. Interest rate risk is highly sensitive due to many
factors, including U.S. monetary and tax policies, U.S. and
international economic factors and other factors beyond our
control. We are exposed to changes in the level of interest rates
and to changes in the relationship or spread between interest rates
for our floating rate debt. Our floating rate debt requires
payments based on a variable interest rate index. Increases in
interest rates may reduce our net income by increasing the cost of
our debt.
From time to time we enter into interest rate swap contracts to
reduce our interest rate risk. Under these contracts, we pay fixed
and receive variable rate interest, in effect converting a portion
of our floating rate debt to fixed rate debt. As of December 31,
2022 and 2021, there were no interest rate swap contracts
outstanding. See "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statement – Note
12 - Derivative Financial Instruments," Item 8 of Part II, included
elsewhere in this report, for further discussion of our interest
rate swap contracts.
We performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the potential effect
of a hypothetical movement in interest rates on our annual pre-tax
interest expense. As of December 31, 2022, we had $566.6 million of
outstanding indebtedness at variable interest rates. The
sensitivity analysis, while not predictive in nature, indicated
that a one percentage point increase in the interest rate applied
to these borrowings as of December 31, 2022 would have resulted in
an increase of $5.7 million in our annual pre-tax interest
expense.
As of December 31, 2021, we had $315.1 million of outstanding
indebtedness at variable interest rates (excluding unamortized debt
issuance costs). The same sensitivity analysis for movement in
variable interest rates as of December 31, 2021, indicated that a
one percentage point increase in the interest rate applied to these
borrowings as of December 31, 2021 would have resulted in an
increase of $3.2 million in our annual pre‑tax interest
expense.
Foreign Exchange Risk
We are exposed to foreign currency transaction risk related to
transactions denominated in a currency other than functional
currency. In addition, we are exposed to currency translation risk
resulting from the translation of the financial results of our
consolidated subsidiaries from their functional currency into U.S.
dollars for financial reporting purposes.
We use financial instruments to reduce the earnings and
shareholders' equity volatility relating to transaction risk. The
principal financial instruments we enter into on a routine basis
are foreign exchange forward contracts, primarily pertaining to the
U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen, the British pound sterling, the
Canadian dollar, the Korean won and the euro. The periods of the
foreign exchange forward contracts designated as hedges correspond
to the periods of the forecasted hedged transactions, which do not
exceed 24 months subsequent to the latest balance sheet date. We do
not enter into derivative financial instrument contracts for
trading or speculative purposes.
We performed a sensitivity analysis to assess potential changes in
the fair value of our foreign exchange forward contracts relating
to a hypothetical movement in foreign currency exchange
rates. The gross U.S. dollar equivalent notional amount of all
foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding at December 31, 2022
was $246.4 million, representing a net settlement asset of $3.6
million. The sensitivity analysis of changes in the fair value of
our foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding as of December
31, 2022, while not predictive in nature, indicated that the net
settlement asset of $3.6 million would decrease by $17.9 million
resulting in a net settlement liability of $14.3 million if the
U.S. dollar uniformly weakened by 10% against all currencies
covered by our contracts.
The gross U.S. dollar equivalent notional amount of all foreign
exchange forward contracts outstanding at December 31, 2021 was
$228.8 million, representing a net settlement asset of $7.3
million. The same sensitivity analysis for changes in the fair
value of our foreign exchange forward contracts as of December 31,
2021, indicated that if the U.S. dollar uniformly weakened by 10%
against all currencies covered by our contracts, the net settlement
asset of $7.3 million would decrease by $15.6 million resulting in
a net settlement liability of $8.3 million.
The sensitivity analysis described above recalculates the fair
value of the foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding by
replacing the actual foreign currency exchange rates and current
month forward rates with foreign currency exchange rates and
forward rates that reflect a 10% weakening of the U.S. dollar
against all currencies covered by our contracts. All other
factors are held constant. The sensitivity analysis disregards the
possibility that foreign currency exchange rates can move in
opposite directions and that gains from one currency may or may not
be offset by losses from another currency. The analysis also
disregards the offsetting change in value of the underlying hedged
transactions and balances.
The financial markets and currency volatility may limit our ability
to cost‑effectively hedge these exposures. The counterparties to
derivative contracts are major financial institutions with
investment grade credit ratings. We monitor the credit quality of
these financial institutions on an ongoing basis.
Commodity Risk
We are exposed to commodity price and availability risks with
respect to certain materials and components used by us, our
suppliers and our manufacturers, including polybutadiene, urethane
and Surlyn for the manufacturing of our golf balls, titanium and
steel for the assembly of our golf clubs, leather and synthetic
fabrics for our golf shoes, golf gloves, golf gear and golf
apparel, and resin and other petroleum‑based materials for a number
of our products.
Impact of Inflation
Our results of operations and financial condition are presented
based on historical cost, and inflation in the cost of our
products, overhead costs or wage rates may adversely affect our
operating results. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the
impact of inflation resulted in increased raw material and other
input costs as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. Should
the current higher inflationary environment continue, including
increased raw material and other input costs, our business, results
of operations, financial position and cash flows could be
materially impacted in the future.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and financial
statements commencing on page F‑1, which are incorporated
herein by reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES
There were no changes in or disagreements with our accountants on
accounting and financial disclosure matters.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
The required certifications of our chief executive officer and our
principal financial officer are included as Exhibit 31.1 and 31.2
to this Annual Report. The disclosures set forth in this Item 9A
contain information concerning the evaluation of our disclosure
controls and procedures, management's report on internal control
over financial reporting and changes in internal control over
financial reporting referred to in those certifications. These
certifications should be read in conjunction with this Item 9A for
a more complete understanding of the matters covered by the
certifications.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules
13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed
to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in
the reports that it files or submits under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “ Exchange
Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the
time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and that such
information is accumulated and communicated to management,
including our principal executive officer and principal financial
officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure. Our management, with the participation of our
principal executive officer and principal financial officer,
evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and
procedures as of December 31, 2022, the last day of the period
covered by this Annual Report. Based on this evaluation, our
principal executive officer and principal financial officer have
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective as of December 31, 2022.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over
financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)
promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or
under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal
financial officers and effected by our board of directors,
management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and
includes those policies and procedures that:
•Pertain
to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately
and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets
of the company;
•Provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company;
and
•Provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022. In making this
assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
(COSO) in “Internal Control – Integrated Framework
(2013)”.
Based on our assessment, our management determined that, as of
December 31, 2022, our internal control over financial reporting is
effective.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public
accounting firm, has audited the effectiveness of our internal
control over financial reporting as stated in their report which
appears on page F-2 of this Annual Report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial
Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the
Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31,
2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER
INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE
REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT
INSPECTIONS
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS,
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The Information about our executive officers is contained in the
discussion entitled “Information About Our Executive Officers” in
Part I of this Form 10‑K. The remaining information
required by this Item will be included in our Proxy Statement
and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item will be included in our
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item will be included in our
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR
INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item will be included in our
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL
ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item will be included in our
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by
reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS
AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)The
following documents are filed as a part of this
report:
(1)Financial
Statements. See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on
page F-1 hereof.
(2)Financial
statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or
the required information is shown in the Consolidated Financial
Statements or notes thereto.
(3)Exhibits
Index:
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Second Amendment and Agency Resignation, Appointment and
Assumption, dated as of August 2, 2022, by and among Acushnet
Holdings Corp., Acushnet Company, Acushnet Canada Inc., Acushnet
Europe Limited, certain subsidiaries of Acushnet Company, the
lenders party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as
the resigning administrative agent, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.,
as the successor administrative agent (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
filed on August 4, 2022 (No. 001-37935)).
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101.INS |
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Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not
appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are
embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |
101.SCH |
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XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema (filed herewith). |
101.CAL |
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XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase (filed
herewith). |
101.DEF |
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XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase (filed
herewith). |
101.LAB |
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XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase (filed
herewith). |
101.PRE |
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XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase (filed
herewith). |
104 |
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Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and
contained in Exhibit 101). |
___________________________________
† Identifies exhibits that consist of a management contract or
compensatory plan or arrangement.
ITEM 16. FORM 10‑K
SUMMARY
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
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ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP. |
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By: |
/s/ David Maher |
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Name: |
David Maher |
Date: March 1, 2023 |
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Title: |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on
behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
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Signature |
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Date |
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/s/ David Maher |
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President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive
Officer) |
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March 1, 2023 |
David Maher |
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/s/ Thomas Pacheco |
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Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief
Accounting Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer) |
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March 1, 2023 |
Thomas Pacheco |
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Chairman |
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March 1, 2023 |
Yoon Soo Yoon |
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Director |
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March 1, 2023 |
Gregory Hewett |
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Director |
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March 1, 2023 |
Ho Yeon Lee |
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Director |
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March 1, 2023 |
Jan Singer |
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March 1, 2023 |
Sean Sullivan |
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Director |
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March 1, 2023 |
Steven Tishman |
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Director |
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March 1, 2023 |
Keun Chang Yoon |
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*By: |
/s/ Roland Giroux |
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Name: |
Roland Giroux |
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Title: |
Attorney In Fact |
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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Audited Consolidated Financial Statements |
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Acushnet Holdings
Corp.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over
Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Acushnet Holdings Corp.
and its subsidiaries
(the “Company”) as of as of December 31, 2022
and 2021,
and the related consolidated statements of operations,
comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, including
the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated
financial statements”).
We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established
in
Internal Control - Integrated Framework
(2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated
financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of the Company as of
December 31, 2022
and 2021,
and the results of its
operations and its
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 2022,
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company
maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria
established in
Internal Control - Integrated Framework
(2013)
issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated
financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control
over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting,
included in Management’s
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
appearing
under
Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s
consolidated
financial statements and on the Company's internal control over
financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting
firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated
financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due
to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over
financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects.
Our audits of the consolidated
financial statements included performing procedures to assess the
risks of material misstatement of the consolidated
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing
procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and
disclosures in the consolidated
financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the
consolidated
financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial
reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed
risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as
we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial
Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process
designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial
reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i)pertain to
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately
and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets
of the company; (ii)provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and
directors of the company; and (iii)provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could
have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising
from the current period audit of the consolidated financial
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to
the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures
that are material to the
consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of
critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the
consolidated
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by
communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or
disclosures to which it relates.
Accounting for Income Taxes
As described in Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements,
the Company recorded income tax expense of $54.4 million for the
year ended December 31, 2022 and has net deferred tax assets of
$41.7 million, inclusive of a valuation allowance of $34.1 million,
and total gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding related
interest and penalties, of $9.5 million as of December 31, 2022. As
disclosed by management, the Company is subject to income tax in
the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The use of significant
judgments and estimates, as well as the interpretation and
application of complex tax laws is required by management to
determine its provision for income taxes.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing
procedures relating to accounting for income taxes is a critical
audit matter are the significant judgments by management when
interpreting and applying complex tax laws and regulations in
determining the provision for income taxes; this in turn led to a
high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in
performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence related to the
provision for income taxes.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating
audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on
the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included
testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the provision for
income taxes. These procedures also included, among others, testing
the income tax provision, including permanent and temporary
differences, the effective tax rate reconciliation, considering the
Company’s compliance with tax laws, and evaluating management's
assessment of whether certain tax positions are
more-likely-than-not of being sustained.
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
March 1, 2023
We have served as the Company’s, or its predecessors’, auditor
since at least 1976, which includes periods before the Company
became subject to SEC reporting requirements. We have not been able
to determine the specific year we began serving as auditor of the
Company or its predecessors.
ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) |
December 31, 2022 |
|
December 31, 2021 |
Assets |
|
|
|
Current assets |
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash ($14,376 and $15,612
attributable to the variable interest entity ("VIE"))
|
$ |
58,904 |
|
|
$ |
281,677 |
|
Accounts receivable, net |
216,695 |
|
|
174,435 |
|
Inventories ($17,866 and $19,385 attributable to the
VIE)
|
674,684 |
|
|
413,314 |
|
Prepaid and other assets |
108,793 |
|
|
99,750 |
|
Total current assets |
1,059,076 |
|
|
969,176 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net ($10,089 and $10,466
attributable to the VIE)
|
254,472 |
|
|
231,761 |
|
Goodwill ($32,312 and $32,312 attributable to the VIE)
|
224,814 |
|
|
210,431 |
|
Intangible assets, net |
525,903 |
|
|
465,341 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
47,551 |
|
|
60,814 |
|
Other assets ($2,083 and $2,166 attributable to the
VIE)
|
81,991 |
|
|
68,313 |
|
Total assets |
$ |
2,193,807 |
|
|
$ |
2,005,836 |
|
Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests and Shareholders'
Equity |
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
|
|
|
Short-term debt |
$ |
40,336 |
|
|
$ |
116 |
|
Current portion of long-term debt |
— |
|
|
17,500 |
|
Accounts payable ($11,914 and $13,275 attributable to the
VIE)
|
166,998 |
|
|
163,607 |
|
Accrued taxes |
40,922 |
|
|
57,307 |
|
Accrued compensation and benefits ($1,651 and $1,511 attributable
to the VIE)
|
98,245 |
|
|
113,453 |
|
Accrued expenses and other liabilities ($3,380 and $4,677
attributable to the VIE)
|
202,124 |
|
|
131,041 |
|
Total current liabilities |
548,625 |
|
|
483,024 |
|
Long-term debt |
527,509 |
|
|
297,354 |
|
Deferred income taxes |
5,896 |
|
|
4,950 |
|
Accrued pension and other postretirement benefits |
74,234 |
|
|
93,705 |
|
Other noncurrent liabilities ($2,145 and $2,218 attributable to the
VIE)
|
54,177 |
|
|
43,237 |
|
Total liabilities |
1,210,441 |
|
|
922,270 |
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 22)
|
|
|
|
Redeemable noncontrolling interests |
6,663 |
|
|
3,299 |
|
Shareholders' equity |
|
|
|
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized;
76,321,523 and 75,855,036 shares issued
|
76 |
|
|
76 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
960,685 |
|
|
948,423 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
(109,668) |
|
|
(99,582) |
|
Retained earnings |
473,130 |
|
|
324,966 |
|
Treasury stock, at cost; 8,892,425 and 3,314,562 shares (including
2,000,839 and 537,839 of accrued share repurchase) (Note
16)
|
(385,167) |
|
|
(131,039) |
|
Total equity attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. |
939,056 |
|
|
1,042,844 |
|
Noncontrolling interests |
37,647 |
|
|
37,423 |
|
Total shareholders' equity |
976,703 |
|
|
1,080,267 |
|
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and
shareholders' equity |
$ |
2,193,807 |
|
|
$ |
2,005,836 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated
financial statements.
ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Net sales |
$ |
2,270,336 |
|
|
$ |
2,147,930 |
|
|
$ |
1,612,169 |
|
Cost of goods sold |
1,091,103 |
|
|
1,029,493 |
|
|
782,333 |
|
Gross profit |
1,179,233 |
|
|
1,118,437 |
|
|
829,836 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative |
833,422 |
|
|
795,422 |
|
|
610,603 |
|
Research and development |
56,393 |
|
|
55,335 |
|
|
48,942 |
|
Intangible amortization |
7,885 |
|
|
7,868 |
|
|
11,629 |
|
Restructuring charges |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
13,207 |
|
Income from operations |
281,533 |
|
|
259,812 |
|
|
145,455 |
|
Interest expense, net (Note 19)
|
13,269 |
|
|
7,709 |
|
|
15,630 |
|
Other expense, net |
8,829 |
|
|
4,280 |
|
|
16,776 |
|
Income before income taxes |
259,435 |
|
|
247,823 |
|
|
113,049 |
|
Income tax expense |
54,351 |
|
|
63,583 |
|
|
13,038 |
|
Net income |
205,084 |
|
|
184,240 |
|
|
100,011 |
|
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests |
(5,806) |
|
|
(5,367) |
|
|
(4,005) |
|
Net income attributable to Acushnet Holdings Corp. |
$ |
199,278 |
|
|
$ |
178,873 |
|
|
$ |
96,006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per common share attributable to Acushnet Holdings
Corp.: |
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
$ |
2.77 |
|
|
$ |
2.40 |
|
|
$ |
1.29 |
|
Diluted |
2.75 |
|
|
2.38 |
|
|
1.28 |
|
Weighted average number of common shares: |
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
71,958,879 |
|
|
74,536,637 |
|
|
74,494,310 |
|
Diluted |
72,560,098 |
|
|
75,265,074 |
|
|
75,060,610 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated
financial statements.
ACUSHNET HOLDINGS CORP.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
(in thousands) |
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Net income |
$ |
205,084 |
|
|
$ |
184,240 |
|
|
$ |
100,011 |
|
Other comprehensive (loss) income : |
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(30,940) |
|
|
(23,009) |
|
|
27,281 |
|
Cash flow derivative instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during period |
10,856 |
|
|
10,049 |
|
|
(6,823) |
|
Reclassification adjustments included in net income |
(9,840) |
|
|
4,991 |
|
|
(2,220) |
|
Tax (expense) benefit |
(585) |
|
|
(4,223) |
|
|
2,495 |
|
Cash flow derivative instruments, net |
431 |
|
|
10,817 |
|
|
(6,548) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and other postretirement benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustments |
25,473 |
|
|
13,332 |
|
|
(6,362) |
|
Tax (expense) benefit |
(5,050) |
|
|
(4,540) |
|
|
1,475 |
|
Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustments,
net |
20,423 |
|
|
8,792 |
|
|
(4,887) |
|
Total other comprehensive (loss) income |
(10,086) |
|
|
(3,400) |
|
|
15,846 |
|
Comprehensive income |
194,998 |
|
|
180,840 |
|
|
115,857 |
|
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling
interests |
(5,775) |
|
|
(5,310) |
|
|
(4,243) |
|
Comprehensive income attributable to Acushnet Holdings
Corp. |
$ |
189,223 |
|
|
$ |
175,530 |
|
|
$ |
111,614 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated
financial statements.