Quarterly Report (10-q)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-39322

The AZEK Company Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	90-1017663
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1330 W Fulton Street, Suite 350, Chicago, Illinois	60607
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (877) 275-2935

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share

AZEK

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 29, 2022, the registrant had 155,155,235 shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 100 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding.

		Page
PART I.	Financial Information	3
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	6
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	38
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	39
PART II.	Other Information	40
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	40
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	40
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	40
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	40
Item 5.	Other Information	40
Item 6.	Exhibits	41
Signatures		42

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


in thousands	March 31, 2022			September 30, 2021
ASSETS:
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	25,812		$	250,536
Trade receivables, net of allowances		171,685			77,316
Inventories		299,160			188,888
Prepaid expenses		18,203			14,212
Other current assets		5,991			1,446
Total current assets		520,851			532,398
Property, plant and equipment - net		474,340			391,012
Goodwill		987,440			951,390
Intangible assets - net		260,128			242,572
Other assets		76,721			70,462
Total assets	$	2,319,480		$	2,187,834
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	76,228		$	69,474
Accrued rebates		31,723			44,339
Accrued interest		46			72
Current portion of long-term debt obligations		—			—
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		65,586			56,522
Total current liabilities		173,583			170,407
Deferred income taxes		61,505			46,371
Long-term debt—less current portion		505,284			464,715
Other non-current liabilities		86,074			79,177
Total liabilities		826,446			760,670
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 17)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively	—			—
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized, 155,108,627 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and 154,866,313 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021		155			155
Class B common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 100 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and at September 30, 2021, respectively		—			—
Additional paid‑in capital		1,628,581			1,615,236
Accumulated deficit		(135,702	)		(188,227	)
Total stockholders' equity		1,493,034			1,427,164
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,319,480		$	2,187,834

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
in thousands	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net sales	$	396,255	$	293,121	$	655,963	$	505,399
Cost of sales		273,795		195,272		444,894		334,572
Gross profit		122,460		97,849		211,069		170,827
Selling, general and administrative expenses		70,822		60,155		133,991		113,602
Other general expenses		—		1,149		—		1,149
Operating income (loss)		51,638		36,545		77,078		56,076

Other expenses:
Interest expense		4,010		6,348		8,158		12,374
Total other expenses		4,010		6,348		8,158		12,374

Income (loss) before income taxes		47,628		30,197		68,920		43,702
Income tax expense (benefit)		11,810		7,557		16,395		10,914
Net income (loss)	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788

Net income (loss) per common share - basic	$	0.23	$	0.15	$	0.34	$	0.21
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted		0.23		0.14		0.34		0.21

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted
Basic		154,661,277		153,509,612		154,551,589		153,366,516
Diluted		156,121,476		156,747,514		156,560,502		156,377,902

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock												Additional								Total
	Class A						Class B						Paid-In				Accumulated				Stockholders'
	Shares				Amount		Shares			Amount			Capital				Deficit				Equity
Balance – December 31, 2021		155,032,377		$	155		100		$		—	$		1,622,516		$		(171,520	)	$		1,451,151
Net income (loss)		—				—		—			—			—				35,818				35,818
Stock-based compensation		—				—		—			—			4,881				—				4,881
Exercise of stock options		70,149				—		—			—			1,613				—				1,613
Cancellation of restricted stock awards		(6,174	)			—		—			—			—				—				—
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plan, net of shares withheld for taxes		12,275				—		—			—			(429	)			—				(429	)
Balance – March 31, 2022		155,108,627		$		155		100	$		—	$		1,628,581		$		(135,702	)	$		1,493,034


Balance – September 30, 2021		154,866,313		$	155		100		$		—	$		1,615,236		$		(188,227	)	$		1,427,164
Net income (loss)		—				—		—			—			—				52,525				52,525
Stock-based compensation		—				—		—			—			8,851				—				8,851
Exercise of vested stock options		214,041				—		—			—			4,923				—				4,923
Cancellation of restricted stock awards		(10,573	)			—		—			—			—				—				—
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plan, net of shares withheld for taxes		38,846				—		—			—			(429	)			—				(429	)
Balance – March 31, 2022		155,108,627		$		155		100	$		—	$		1,628,581		$		(135,702	)	$		1,493,034


	Common Stock												Additional								Total
	Class A						Class B						Paid-In				Accumulated				Stockholders'
	Shares				Amount		Shares			Amount			Capital				Deficit				Equity
Balance – December 31, 2020		154,735,617		$	155			100	$		—	$		1,592,240		$		(271,229	)	$		1,321,166
Net income (loss)		—				—		—			—			—				22,640				22,640
Stock-based compensation		—				—		—			—			7,052				—				7,052
Exercise of stock options		25,616				—		—			—			590				—				590
Cancellation of restricted stock awards		(21,995	)			—		—			—			—				—				—
Balance – March 31, 2021		154,739,238		$		155		100	$		—	$		1,599,882		$		(248,589	)	$		1,351,448


Balance – September 30, 2020		154,637,240		$	155			100	$		—	$		1,587,208		$		(283,475	)	$		1,303,888
Net income (loss)		—				—		—			—			—				32,788				32,788
Stock-based compensation		—				—		—			—			9,931				—				9,931
Exercise of vested stock options		123,993				—		—			—			2,953				—				2,953
Cancellation of restricted stock awards		(21,995	)			—		—			—			—				—				—
IPO costs		—				—		—			—			(210	)			—				(210	)
Adoption of ASU 2016-02		—				—		—			—			—				2,098				2,098
Balance – March 31, 2021		154,739,238		$		155		100	$		—	$		1,599,882		$		(248,589	)	$		1,351,448

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands of U.S. dollars)

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
Operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	52,525		$	32,788
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation		31,680			24,366
Amortization of intangibles		25,444			25,183
Non-cash interest expense		2,373			1,996
Non-cash lease expense		(68	)		39
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision		15,132			8,710
Non-cash compensation expense		11,773			9,931
Loss (gain) on disposition of property		425			298
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables		(90,571	)		(57,578	)
Inventories		(98,616	)		(36,429	)
Prepaid expenses and other currents assets		(8,677	)		(2,111	)
Accounts payable		12,213			8,239
Accrued expenses and interest		(22,294	)		(8,461	)
Other assets and liabilities		1,118			1,115
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		(67,543	)		8,086
Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(113,995	)		(72,735	)
Proceeds from disposition of fixed assets		497			32
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(86,935	)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(200,433	)		(72,703	)
Financing activities:
Proceeds under revolving credit facility		40,000			—
Payment of debt issuance costs		—			(938	)
Repayments of finance lease obligations		(1,242	)		(883	)
Exercise of vested stock options		4,923			2,953
Payments of initial public offering related costs		—			(210	)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes		(429	)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		43,252			922
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(224,724	)		(63,695	)
Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of period		250,536			215,012
Cash and cash equivalents – End of period	$	25,812		$	151,317
Supplemental cash flow disclosure:
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized	$	5,792		$	8,645
Cash paid for income taxes, net		5,484			2,341
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing disclosure:
Capital expenditures in accounts payable at end of period	$	11,976		$	4,420
Right-of-use operating and finance lease assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities		10,208			9,157

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

The AZEK Company Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

(Unaudited)

1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

a. Organization

The AZEK Company Inc. (the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a Delaware corporation that holds all of the limited liability company interests in CPG International LLC, the entity which directly and indirectly holds all of the equity interests in the operating subsidiaries. The Company is an industry-leading designer and manufacturer of beautiful, low-maintenance and environmentally sustainable building products for residential, commercial and industrial markets. The Company’s products include decking, railing, trim, porch, moulding, pavers, bathroom and locker systems, as well as extruded plastic sheet products and other non-fabricated products for special applications in industrial markets. The Company operates in various locations throughout the United States. The Company’s residential products are primarily branded under the brand names AZEK, TimberTech, VERSATEX, ULTRALOX and StruXure, while the commercial products are branded under the brand names Celtec, Playboard, Seaboard, Flametec, Designboard, Cortec, Sanatec, Scranton Products, Aria Partitions, Eclipse Partitions, Hiny Hiders, Tufftec Lockers and Duralife Lockers.

Secondary Offerings

On January 26, 2021, the Company completed an offering of 23,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 3,000,000 additional shares of Class A common stock, at a public offering price of $40.00 per share. The shares were sold by certain of the Selling Stockholders. The Company did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares by those Selling Stockholders. In connection with the offering the Company incurred approximately $1.2 million in expenses.

On June 1, 2021, the Company completed an offering of 17,250,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to 2,250,000 additional shares of Class A common stock, at a public offering price of $43.50 per share. The shares were sold by certain of the Selling Stockholders. The Company did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares by those Selling Stockholders. In connection with the offering the Company incurred approximately $1.1 million in expenses.

b. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company operates on a fiscal year ending September 30. The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and in management’s opinion, includes all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position, its results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and the cash flows for the six months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year or any other period.

The Company’s financial condition and results of operations are being, and are expected to continue to be affected by the current COVID-19 public health pandemic. The economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely continue to affect demand for the Company’s products in the foreseeable future. Although management has implemented measures to mitigate any impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, these measures may not fully mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Management cannot predict the degree to, or the period over, which the Company will be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting governmental and other measures.

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2021 was derived from the audited financial statements at that date. There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies from those that were disclosed in the 2021 Form 10-K, except as noted below.

Revision of Previously Reported Financial Information

In connection with our retroactive adoption of ASC 842 as of October 1, 2020, quarterly amounts presented in our prior Form 10-Q were revised. The impact of the adjustments was immaterial to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include revenue recognition, reserves for excess inventory, inventory obsolescence, product warranties, customer rebates, stock-based compensation, litigation, income taxes, contingent consideration, goodwill and intangible asset valuation and accounting for long-lived assets. Management’s estimates and assumptions are evaluated on an ongoing basis and are based on historical experience, current conditions and available information. Actual results may differ from estimated amounts. Estimates are revised as additional information becomes available.

Accounting Policies

Refer to the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K for a discussion of the Company’s accounting policies, as updated below and for recently adopted accounting standards.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs primarily relate to new product development, product claims support and manufacturing process improvements. Such costs are expensed as incurred and are included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Total research and development expenses were $2.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, and $4.3 million and $3.6 million, respectively, for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

On October 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and the subsequent amendments. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of lease assets and lease liabilities of approximately $15.2 million and $18.7 million, respectively, as of October 1, 2020. The difference between the lease assets and lease liabilities primarily relates to accrued rent and unamortized lease incentives recorded in accordance with the previous leasing guidance. As of the adoption date, accumulated deficit within shareholder's equity on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet decreased by $2.1 million, primarily related to the derecognition of build-to-suit leasing arrangements. The new standard did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated statements of income or cash flows.

On October 1, 2021, the Company adopted ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740)—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to general principles in Topic 740 and clarifying and amending existing guidance. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

2. REVENUE

The Company recognizes revenues when control of the promised goods is transferred to the Company’s customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods, at a point in time, when shipping occurs.

The Company also engages in customer rebates, which are recorded in “Net sales” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and in “Accrued rebates” and “Trade receivables” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recorded accrued rebates of $31.7 million and $22.9 million as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and contra trade receivables of $8.4 million and $4.9 million as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The rebate activity was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Beginning balance	$	53,841		$	38,819		$	47,648		$	32,679
Rebate expense		30,402			20,539			46,552			34,212
Rebate payments		(44,097	)		(31,567	)		(54,054	)		(39,100	)
Ending balance	$	40,146		$	27,791		$	40,146		$	27,791

The Company records deferred revenue when cash payments are received or due in advance of the Company’s performance.

3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On November 30, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of a regional recycler in the Midwest, for a total purchase price of approximately $4.2 million, subject to customary post-closing working capital adjustments. The regional recycler is a provider of full-service recycled material processing, sourcing, logistical support and scrap management programs. The Company financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

On December 29, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of StruXure Outdoor, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“StruXure Outdoor”), for a total purchase price of approximately $84.1 million, subject to customary post-closing working capital adjustments. StruXure Outdoor is located in Dahlonega, Georgia and manufactures customizable outdoor pergolas and cabanas. The Company financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

The acquisitions were accounted for as business combinations under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805 Business Combinations. Tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their respective fair values. The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets received has been recorded for both acquisitions as goodwill in the Residential segment. The factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill primarily relate to future economic benefits arising from expected sales as well as consumption of the recycled PVC materials in current products.

The following table represents the preliminary allocation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date for both acquisitions as of March 31, 2022 (in thousands):

(US dollars in thousands)		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$		1,410
Trade receivables			3,798
Inventories			11,655
Other current assets			95
Property and equipment			4,618
Intangible assets			43,000
Accounts payable			(3,110	)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities			(9,171	)
Total identifiable assets			52,295
Goodwill			36,050
Net assets acquired/total consideration			88,345
Less: cash acquired			(1,410	)
Total consideration net of cash acquired	$		86,935

As of the acquisition dates, total intangible assets and goodwill amounted to $79.1 million, comprised of $23.0 million related to customer relationships, $10.0 million related to proprietary knowledge and $10.0 million related to trademarks, as well as $36.1 million in goodwill. It is expected that $36.1 million of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The estimated useful life for customer relationships and trademarks is 15 years, and proprietary knowledge is 10 years. The intangible assets weighted average useful life at the date of acquisition was 14.2 years.

4. INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, and are reduced for slow-moving and obsolete inventory. The inventories cost is recorded at standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in first-out “FIFO”) basis. Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

in thousands	March 31, 2022		September 30, 2021
Raw materials	$	74,120	$	46,046
Work in process		37,826		27,278
Finished goods		187,214		115,564
Total inventories	$	299,160	$	188,888

5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT—NET

Property, plant and equipment – net consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2022			September 30, 2021
Land and improvements	$	3,222		$	2,812
Buildings and improvements		80,397			73,227
Manufacturing equipment		462,924			405,611
Computer equipment		24,866			23,915
Furniture and fixtures		7,124			6,018
Vehicles		830			604
Total property and equipment		579,363			512,187
Construction in progress		173,929			129,886
		753,292			642,073
Accumulated depreciation		(278,952	)		(251,061	)
Total property and equipment – net	$	474,340		$	391,012

Depreciation expense was approximately $16.5 million and $12.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $31.7 million and $24.4 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, $1.2 million and $0.5 million of interest was capitalized, respectively, and during the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, $2.3 million and $0.9 million of interest was capitalized, respectively.

6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS—NET

Goodwill

Goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Residential		Commercial		Total
Goodwill as of September 30, 2021	$	911,001	$	40,389	$	951,390
Acquisitions		36,050		—		36,050
Goodwill as of March 31, 2022	$	947,051	$	40,389	$	987,440
Accumulated impairment losses as of September 30, 2021		—		32,200		32,200
Accumulated impairment losses as of March 31, 2022	$	—	$	32,200	$	32,200

Intangible assets, net

The Company did not have any indefinite lived intangible assets other than goodwill as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021. Finite-lived intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

		March 31, 2022
	Lives in Years	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Proprietary knowledge	10 - 15	$	299,300	$	(225,969	)	$	73,331
Trademarks	5 - 20		229,340		(143,911	)		85,429
Customer relationships	15 - 19		169,552		(70,800	)		98,752
Patents	10		7,000		(4,518	)		2,482
Other intangibles	3 - 15		4,076		(3,942	)		134
Total intangible assets		$	709,268	$	(449,140	)	$	260,128

			September 30, 2021
	Lives in Years		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
Propriety knowledge	10 — 15		$	289,300	$	(216,283	)	$	73,017
Trademarks	5 — 20			223,840		(139,631	)		84,209
Customer relationships	15 — 19			146,670		(64,412	)		82,258
Patents		10		7,000		(4,105	)		2,895
Other intangible assets	3 — 15			4,076		(3,883	)		193
Total intangible assets			$	670,886	$	(428,314	)	$	242,572

Amortization expense was $12.6 million and $12.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively and $25.4 million and $25.2 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of March 31, 2022, the remaining weighted-average amortization period for acquired intangible assets was 12.3 years.

7. COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Allowance for doubtful accounts consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Beginning balance	$	1,074	$	1,338	$	1,109	$	1,332
Provision		98		149		63		155
Bad debt write-offs		—		—		—		—
Ending balance	$	1,172	$	1,487	$	1,172	$	1,487

Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		September 30, 2021
Employee related liabilities	$	24,590	$	32,996
Customer deposits		10,676		—
Lease liability - operating		5,018		3,906
Marketing		3,847		3,421
Warranty		3,218		2,992
Construction in progress		8,421		4,068
Professional fees		1,737		2,296
Freight		2,211		2,292
Lease liability - finance		1,217		71
Other		4,651		4,480
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	65,586	$	56,522

8. DEBT

Debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2022			September 30, 2021
Term Loan due May 5, 2024 — LIBOR + 2.50% (3.25% at both March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021)	$	467,654		$	467,654
Revolving Credit Facility through March 31, 2026 - LIBOR + 1.25% (2.25% at March 31, 2022)		40,000			—
Total		507,654			467,654
Less unamortized deferred financing costs		(2,117	)		(2,625	)
Less unamortized original issue discount		(253	)		(314	)
Less current portion					—
Long-term debt—less current portion and unamortized deferred financing costs	$	505,284		$	464,715

Term Loan Agreement

The term loan agreement, as amended and restated from time to time (the “Term Loan Agreement”), is a first lien term loan originally entered into on September 30, 2013 by the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, CPG International LLC (as successor-in-interest to CPG Merger Sub LLC), as the initial borrower with a syndicate of lenders party thereto. As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, CPG International LLC had $467.7 million outstanding under the Term Loan Agreement. The Term Loan Agreement matures on May 5, 2024.

The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a first priority security interest in the membership interests of CPG International LLC owned by the Company and substantially all of the present and future assets of the borrowers and guarantors named therein including equity interests of their domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions, (the “Term Loan Priority Collateral”) and a second priority lien on current assets. The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

On February 2, 2021, the Company entered into an amendment to the Term Loan Agreement. The amendment effected a repricing of the Applicable Margin under the Term Loan Agreement, through reducing (i) the ABR floor by 25 basis points from 2.0% to 1.75%, (ii) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate floor by 25 basis points from 1.0% to 0.75% and (iii) the Applicable Margin with respect to any Effective Date Term Loans, by up to 125 basis points from 3.75% to 2.50% in the case of any Eurocurrency Loan and by up to 125 basis points from 2.75% to 1.50% in the case of any ABR Loan. The Applicable Margin may be reduced by a further 25 basis points in respect of both Eurocurrency Loans and ABR Loans during any period that the Borrower maintains specified public corporate family ratings. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this paragraph are as defined in the Term Loan Agreement.

Following the amendment, the Term Loan Agreement provides for interest on outstanding principal thereunder at a fluctuating rate, at CPG International LLC’s option, for (i) alternative base rate (“ABR”) borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate as of such day plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime commercial lending rate announced as of such day by the Administrative Agent as defined in the Term Loan Agreement, as the “prime rate” as in effect on such day and (c) the LIBOR as of such day for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, provided that in no event shall the ABR be less than 175 basis points, plus the applicable margin of 150 basis points per annum; or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, the highest of (a) the LIBOR in effect for such interest period divided by one, minus the statutory reserves applicable to such Eurocurrency borrowing, if any, and (b) 75 basis points, plus the applicable margin of 250 basis points per annum.

As of March 31, 2022, and September 30, 2021, unamortized deferred financing fees related to the Term Loan Agreement were $2.1 million and $2.6 million, respectively. The Term Loan Agreement may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty (other than the Prepayment Premium (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement), if applicable), subject to certain customary conditions.

The Term Loan Agreement requires mandatory prepayments of the term loans thereunder from certain debt issuances, certain asset dispositions (subject to certain reinvestment rights) and a percentage of excess cash flow (subject to step-downs upon CPG International LLC achieving certain leverage ratios). At September 30, 2021, no excess cash flow payment was required based on the current leverage ratio. CPG International LLC is required to repay the outstanding principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement in quarterly installments equal to 0.25253% of the aggregate principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement outstanding on the amendment date of June 18, 2018 and such quarterly payments may be reduced as a result of prepayments. Based on prepayments made with the IPO proceeds, CPG International LLC has prepaid all of the quarterly principal payments through

maturity. The Company’s next scheduled principal payment on the term loan is due in fiscal year 2024. The Term Loan Agreement restricts payments of dividends unless certain conditions are met, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement.

On April 28, 2022, the Company entered into a new first lien term loan credit agreement (the “2022 Term Loan Agreement”), the proceeds of which were applied, among other uses, to prepay the obligations of the Term Loan Agreement in full. See Note 19 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the 2022 Term Loan Agreement.

Revolving Credit Facility

CPG International LLC has also entered into a revolving credit facility, as amended and restated from time to time (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), with certain of our direct and indirect subsidiaries and certain lenders party thereto. The Revolving Credit Facility provides for maximum aggregate borrowings of up to $150.0 million, subject to an asset-based borrowing base. The borrowing base is limited to a set percentage of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, less reserves that may be established by the administrative agent and the collateral agent in the exercise of their reasonable credit judgment.

CPG International LLC had $40.0 million and $0.0 million outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively. In addition, CPG International LLC had $2.8 million and $3.3 million of outstanding letters of credit held against the Revolving Credit Facility as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively. CPG International LLC had approximately $107.2 million available under the borrowing base for future borrowings as of March 31, 2022. CPG International LLC also has the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

On March 31, 2021, CPG International LLC amended the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in a repricing and extension thereof. Pursuant to such amendment, the interest rate has been reduced by 25 basis points to (i) for ABR borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR as of such date for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, plus, in each case, a spread of 25 to 75 basis points, based on average historical availability, or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, adjusted LIBOR plus a spread of 125 to 175 basis points, based on average historical availability. The maturity date for the Revolving Credit Facility was extended from May 9, 2022 to the earlier of March 31, 2026 and the date that is 91 days prior to the maturity of the Term Loan Agreement or any permitted refinancing thereof.

Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization, related to the Revolving Credit Facility at March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021 were $1.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

A “commitment fee” accrues on any unused portion of the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility during the preceding three calendar month period. If the average daily used percentage is greater than 50%, the commitment fee equals 25 basis points, and if the average daily used percentage is less than or equal to 50%, the commitment fee equals 37.5 basis points. The commitment fees were $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.3 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by the Company and its wholly owned domestic subsidiaries other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the accounts receivable, inventory, deposit accounts, securities accounts and cash assets of the Company, CPG International LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the Revolving Credit Facility, and the proceeds thereof (subject to certain exceptions) (the “Revolver Priority Collateral”), plus a second priority security interest in all of the Term Loan Priority Collateral. The Revolving Credit Facility may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty. CPG International LLC is also required to make mandatory prepayments (i) when aggregate borrowings exceed commitments or the applicable borrowing base and (ii) during “cash dominion,” which occurs if (a) the availability under the Revolving Credit Facility is less than the greater of (i) $12.5 million and (ii) 10% of the lesser of (x) $150.0 million and (y) the borrowing base, for five consecutive business days or (b) certain events of default have occurred and are continuing.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains affirmative covenants that are customary for financings of this type, including allowing the Revolver Administrative Agent to perform periodic field exams and appraisals to evaluate the borrowing base. The Revolving Credit Facility contains various negative covenants, including limitations on, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of indebtedness, the incurrence of liens, dispositions, investments, acquisitions, restricted payments, transactions with affiliates, as well as other negative covenants customary for financings of this type. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes a financial maintenance covenant, applicable only when the excess availability is less than the greater of (i) 10% of the lesser of the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility and the borrowing base, and (ii) $12.5 million. In such circumstances, CPG International LLC would be required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) for the trailing four quarters equal to at least 1.0 to 1.0; subject to CPG International LLC’s ability to make an equity cure (no more than twice in any four quarter period and up to five times over the life of the facility). As of March 31, 2022, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the financial and nonfinancial covenants imposed by the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

Interest expense consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Interest Expense
Term Loan Agreement	$	3,798		$	4,423		$	7,682		$	10,100
Revolving Credit Facility		260			154			419			317
Other		818			204			1,684			408
Amortization - Debt issue costs
Term Loan Agreement		254			1,698			508			1,989
Revolving Credit Facility		66			223			131			364
Term Loan OID		30			97			61			132
Capitalized interest		(1,216	)		(451	)		(2,327	)		(936	)
Interest expense	$	4,010		$	6,348		$	8,158		$	12,374

See Note 11 for the fair value of the Company’s debt as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021.

9. PRODUCT WARRANTIES

The Company provides product assurance warranties of various lengths ranging from 5 years to lifetime for limited coverage for a variety of material and workmanship defects based on standard terms and conditions between the Company and its customers. Warranty coverage depends on the product involved. The warranty reserve activity consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Beginning balance	$	12,681		$	11,044		$	12,699		$	10,913
Adjustments to reserve		1,810			1,827			2,277			2,550
Warranty claims payment		(543	)		(817	)		(1,028	)		(1,426	)
Accretion - purchase accounting valuation		—			11			—			28
Ending balance		13,948			12,065			13,948			12,065
Current portion of accrued warranty		(3,218	)		(2,809	)		(3,218	)		(2,809	)
Accrued warranty – less current portion	$	10,730		$	9,256		$	10,730		$	9,256

10. LEASES

As discussed in Note 1, on October 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and the related amendments (collectively "ASC 842"). The Company leases vehicles, machinery, manufacturing facilities, office space, land, and equipment under both operating and finance leases. We sublease excess office real estate to a third-party tenant. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, amounts associated with leases are included in Other assets, Accrued expense and other liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

For leases with initial terms greater than 12 months, the Company considers these right-of-use assets and records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term. For leases with initial terms equal to or less than 12 months, the Company does not consider them as right-of-use assets and instead considers them short-term lease costs that are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company’s leases may include escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into the determination of lease term and lease payments when it is reasonably certain the option will be exercised. Renewal options range from 1 year to 20 years.

Lease assets and lease liabilities as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Leases	Classification on Balance Sheet	March 31, 2022		September 30, 2021
Assets
ROU operating lease assets	Other assets	$	21,180	$	19,431
Finance lease assets	Other assets		53,906		49,084
Total lease assets		$	75,086	$	68,515

Liabilities
Current
Operating	Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	5,018	$	3,906
Finance	Accrued expenses and other liabilities		1,217		71
Non-Current
Operating	Other non-current liabilities		19,100		18,585
Finance	Other non-current liabilities		55,996		50,590
Total lease liabilities		$	81,331	$	73,152

The components of lease expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating lease expense	$	1,454		$	999		$	2,624		$	1,783
Finance lease amortization of assets		797			276			1,514			524
Finance lease interest on lease liabilities		868			203			1,673			406
Short term		171			28			218			53
Sublease income		(87	)		(119	)		(206	)		(189	)
Total lease expense	$	3,203		$	1,387		$	5,823		$	2,577

The tables below present supplemental information related to leases as of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021:

Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	March 31, 2022			September 30, 2021
Operating leases		7.0			7.8
Finance leases		30.7			32.2
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases		4.1	%		4.3	%
Finance leases		6.3	%		6.5	%

The following table summarizes the maturities of lease liabilities at March 31, 2022:

(in thousands)	Operating Leases			Finance Leases			Total
2022	$	2,954		$	2,248		$	5,202
2023		5,763			4,661			10,424
2024		4,592			4,375			8,967
2025		3,503			4,166			7,669
2026		2,250			3,963			6,213
Thereafter		9,291			105,243			114,534
Total lease payments		28,353			124,656			153,009
Less: Interest		(4,235	)		(67,443	)		(71,678	)
Present Value of lease liability	$	24,118		$	57,213		$	81,331

11. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) requirements for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures establish a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels. Level 1 inputs, the highest priority, are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs reflect other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are either observable directly or through corroboration with observable market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs, due to little or no market activity for the asset or liability, such as internally-developed valuation models. We do not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis that are Level 3.

The carrying values and the estimated fair values of the debt financial instruments (Level 2 measurements) consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2022				September 30, 2021
	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Term Loan due May 5, 2024	$	467,654	$	463,071	$	467,654	$	467,420
Revolving Credit Facility, expires March 31, 2026		40,000		40,000		—		—

Financial instruments remeasure at fair value on a recurring basis – During the six months ended March 31, 2022, the Company entered into an arrangement for a contingent payment to the former owner and employee of StruXure Outdoor. The contingent payment is based on achievement of a minimum EBITDA amount and a multiple of EBITDA, for EBITDA exceeding a higher threshold for calendar year 2022. Based on the formula, the potential contingent payout can range from zero to $13.9 million. At the date of acquisition, the fair value was estimated to be $9.5 million. As of March 31, 2022, the fair value was increased to $11.7 million based on the actual EBITDA amount for StruXure Outdoor. Compensation expense of $2.9 million was recognized for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022. The remaining amount of the contingent payment will be recognized as compensation expense through December 31, 2022.

12. SEGMENTS

Operating segments for the Company are determined based on information used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to evaluate performance and allocate resources to each of the segments. The CODM reviews Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin as the key segment measures of performance. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as segment operating income (loss) plus depreciation and amortization, adjusted by adding thereto or subtracting therefrom stock-based compensation costs, business transformation costs, acquisition costs, capital structure transaction costs, and certain other costs. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales.

The Company has two reportable segments, Residential and Commercial. The reportable segments were determined primarily based on products and end markets as follows:

• Residential—The Residential segment manufactures and distributes decking, rail, trim and accessories through a national network of dealers and distributors and multiple home improvement retailers providing extensive geographic coverage and enabling the Company to effectively serve contractors. The addition of StruXure expands our product offerings in the Residential segment. The addition of regional recyclers provides full-service recycled PVC material processing, sourcing, logistical support, and scrap management programs. This segment is impacted by trends in and the strength of home repair and remodel activity.

• Commercial—The Commercial segment manufactures, fabricates and distributes resin based extruded sheeting products for a variety of commercial and industrial applications through a widespread distribution network as well as directly to original equipment manufacturers. This segment includes Scranton Products which manufactures lockers and partitions and Vycom which manufactures resin based sheeting products. This segment is impacted by trends in and the strength of the new construction sector.

The segment data below includes data for Residential and Commercial for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net sales to customers
Residential	$	350,358		$	262,198		$	571,491		$	447,838
Commercial		45,897			30,923			84,472			57,561
Total	$	396,255		$	293,121		$	655,963		$	505,399
Adjusted EBITDA
Residential	$	98,350		$	81,699		$	167,781		$	140,475
Commercial		8,675			3,714			13,423			7,030
Total Adjusted EBITDA for reporting segments	$	107,025		$	85,413		$	181,204		$	147,505
Unallocated net expenses		(16,104	)		(13,902	)		(31,763	)		(27,542	)
Adjustments to Income (loss) before income tax provision
Depreciation and amortization		(29,042	)		(25,271	)		(57,124	)		(49,549	)
Stock-based compensation costs		(4,928	)		(7,156	)		(8,944	)		(10,136	)
Acquisition costs (1)		(5,136	)		—			(5,633	)		—
Initial public offering costs and Secondary offering costs		—			(1,149	)		—			(1,149	)
Other costs (2)		(177	)		(1,390	)		(662	)		(3,053	)
Interest expense, net		(4,010	)		(6,348	)		(8,158	)		(12,374	)
Income (loss) before income tax provision	$	47,628		$	30,197		$	68,920		$	43,702

(1)

Acquisition costs reflect costs directly related to completed acquisitions of $3.9 million and $4.4 million in the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively, and inventory step-up adjustments related to recording inventory of acquired businesses at fair value on the date of acquisition of $1.2 million for both the three and six months ended March 31, 2022.

(2)

Other costs include costs for legal expense of $0.1 million and $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, costs related to an incentive plan and other ancillary expenses associated with the initial public offering of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, other costs of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and the impact of retroactive adoption of ASC 842 of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Other costs include costs for legal expense of $0.4 million and $1.0 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, costs related to an incentive plan and other ancillary expenses associated with the initial public offering of $0.1 million and $1.7 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, other costs of $0.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022, and the impact of retroactive adoption of ASC 842 of $0.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021.

13. CAPITAL STOCK

The Company completed its IPO on June 16, 2020, in which it sold 38,237,500 shares of its Class A common stock, including 4,987,500 shares pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The shares were sold at an IPO price of $23.00 per share for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $819.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $50.6 million and offering expenses of approximately $9.2 million payable by the Company.

Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, the Company converted to a Delaware corporation from a limited liability company. The Company’s certificate of incorporation provides for two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. In addition, the certificate of incorporation authorizes shares of undesignated preferred stock, the rights, preferences and privileges of which may be designated from time to time by the board of directors. The Company is authorized to issue up to 1.1 billion shares of Class A common stock, up to 1 hundred million shares of Class B common stock and up to 1 million shares of preferred stock, each par value $0.001 per share, in one or more series. The Class A common stock and Class B common stock provide identical economic rights, but holders of Class B common stock have limited voting rights, specifically that such holders have no right to vote, solely with respect to their shares of Class B common stock, with respect to the election, replacement or removal of directors. Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are not entitled to preemptive rights. Holders of Class B common stock may convert their shares of Class B common stock into shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time at their option. The Company’s Class A common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “AZEK.”

In conjunction with the Corporate Conversion and prior to the closing of the IPO, the Company effected a unit split of its then-outstanding unit, resulting in an aggregate of 108,162,741 units, including 75,093,778 Class A units and 33,068,963 Class B units. Concurrently with the Corporate Conversion, the units were converted to an aggregate of 108,162,741 shares of common stock, including 75,093,778 shares of Class A common stock and 33,068,963 shares of Class B common stock. In addition, a class of the Company’s former indirect parent’s partnership interests referred to as “Profits Interests” were exchanged for an aggregate of 2,703,243 shares of Class A common stock and 5,532,057 shares of Class A restricted stock, and 3,477,413 shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options.

14. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company grants stock-based awards to attract, retain and motivate key employees and directors.

The 2020 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (“2020 Plan”), provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, and performance-based or other equity-related awards to the Company’s employees and directors. The maximum aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the 2020 Plan is 15,852,319 shares with 3,849,011 shares remaining in the reserve. The total aggregate number of shares may be adjusted as determined by the Board of Directors.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $4.9 million and $7.2 million, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021was $8.9 million and $10.1 million, respectively, recognized in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Total income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $1.9 million and $0.8 million. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had not yet recognized compensation cost on unvested stock-based awards of $35.6 million, with a weighted average remaining recognition period of 2.3 years.

The Company uses the Monte Carlo pricing model to estimate the fair value of its performance-based awards as of the grant date, and uses the Black Scholes pricing model to estimate the fair value of its service-based awards as of the grant date. Under the terms of the 2020 Plan, all stock options will expire if not exercised within ten years of the grant date.

The following table sets forth the significant assumptions used for the calculation of stock-based compensation expense for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

	November 19, 2021 Grant Date			December 4, 2020 Grant Date
Risk-free interest rate		1.34	%		0.56	%
Expected volatility		40.00	%		35.00	%
Expected term (in years)		6.00			6.00
Expected dividend yield		0.00	%		0.00	%

Stock Options

The following table summarizes the performance-based stock option activity for the six months ended March 31, 2022:

	Number of Shares				Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contract Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
							(in years)		(in thousands)
Outstanding at October 1, 2021		1,556,489		$		23.00
Granted		—				—
Exercised		(123,008	)			23.00
Cancelled/Forfeited		(2	)			23.00
Outstanding at March 31, 2022		1,433,479				23.00		8.2		2,638
Vested and exercisable at March 31, 2022		1,433,479		$		23.00		8.2		2,638

The following table summarizes the service-based stock option activity for the six months ended March 31, 2022:

	Number of Shares				Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contract Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
							(in years)		(in thousands)
Outstanding at October 1, 2021		3,434,221		$		23.82
Granted		324,768				42.79
Exercised		(91,033	)			23.00
Cancelled/Forfeited		(41,410	)			24.74
Outstanding at March 31, 2022		3,626,546				25.53		8.3		5,675
Vested and exercisable at March 31, 2022		1,662,842		$		23.24		8.0		2,993

Restricted Stock Awards

A summary of the service-based restricted stock awards activity during the six months ended March 31, 2022 was as follows:

	Number of Shares				Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value

Outstanding and unvested at October 1, 2021		717,580		$		23.00
Granted		—				—
Vested		(245,308	)			23.00
Forfeited		(10,573	)			23.00
Outstanding and unvested at March 31, 2022		461,699		$		23.00

Performance Restricted Stock Units

Performance restricted stock units were granted to officers and certain employees of the Company and represent the right to earn shares of Company common stock based on the achievement of company-wide non-GAAP performance conditions, including cumulative net sales, average return on net tangible assets and cumulative EBITDA during the three-year performance period. Compensation cost is amortized into expense over the performance period, which is generally three years, and is based on the

probability of meeting performance targets. The fair value of each performance share award is based on the closing stock price on the date of grant.

A summary of the performance-based restricted stock unit awards activity for the six months ended March 31, 2022 presented at target was as follows:

	Number of Shares				Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value

Outstanding and unvested at October 1, 2021		111,804		$		35.00
Granted		115,608				41.21
Vested		—				—
Forfeited		(6,295	)			35.47
Outstanding and unvested at March 31, 2022		221,117		$		38.23

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of the service-based restricted stock unit awards activity for the six months ended March 31, 2022 was as follows:

	Number of Shares				Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value

Outstanding and unvested at October 1, 2021		366,852		$		30.42
Granted		224,900				37.85
Vested		(51,154	)			35.99
Forfeited		(22,669	)			30.82
Outstanding and unvested at March 31, 2022		517,929		$		33.18

15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes earnings per common share (“EPS”) under the two-class method which requires the allocation of all distributed and undistributed earnings attributable to the Company to common stock and other participating securities based on their respective rights to receive distributions of earnings or losses. The Company’s Class A common stock and Class B common stock equally share in distributed and undistributed earnings, therefore, no allocation to participating securities or dilutive securities is performed.

Basic EPS attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of potential common shares, determined using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of the diluted EPS calculation, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and options to purchase shares of common stock are considered

to be potential common shares. The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted EPS attributable to common stockholders (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders- basic and diluted	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares of common stock
Basic		154,661,277		153,509,612		154,551,589		153,366,516
Diluted		156,121,476		156,747,514		156,560,502		156,377,902
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:
Net income (loss) per common share - basic	$	0.23	$	0.15	$	0.34	$	0.21
Net income (loss) per common share - diluted	$	0.23	$	0.14	$	0.34	$	0.21

The following table includes the number of shares that may be dilutive common shares in the future, and were not included in the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because the effect was anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock Options		535,161		117,989		388,946		76,498
Restricted Stock Units		303,624		2,607		204,607		1,289

16. INCOME TAXES

The Company calculates the interim tax provision in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-270, Income Taxes; Interim Reporting, specifically ASC-740-270-25-2. For interim periods, the Company estimates the annual effective income tax rate and applies the estimated rate to the year-to-date income or loss before income taxes. The effective income tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were 24.8% and 25.0%, respectively, and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were 23.8% and 25.0%. The decrease in the effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to the three and six months ended March 31, 2021, is primarily driven by the impact of discrete tax benefits on the Company’s year to date earnings.

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

During the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company was made aware of a worker’s compensation case that became reasonably possible to give rise to a liability. The case is in discovery as the nature and extent of the Company’s exposure is currently being determined. The Company expects a range of loss of $0.4 million to $0.5 million.

In the normal course of the Company’s business, it is at times subject to various other legal actions, in some cases for which the relief or damages sought may be substantial. Although the Company is not able to predict the outcome of such actions, after reviewing all pending and threatened actions with counsel and based on information currently available, management believes that the outcome of such actions, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of such matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the Company’s results of operations in a particular future period as the time and amount of any resolution of such actions and its relationship to the future results of operations are not currently known. The Company accrues for losses when they are probable of occurrence and such losses are reasonably estimable. Legal costs expected to be incurred are accounted for as they are incurred.

18. CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT (PARENT COMPANY ONLY)

The AZEK Company Inc. (parent company only)

Balance Sheets

(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except for share and per share amounts)

	March 31, 2022			September 30, 2021
ASSETS:
Non-current assets:
Investments in subsidiaries	$	1,493,034		$	1,427,164
Total non-current assets		1,493,034			1,427,164
Total assets	$	1,493,034		$	1,427,164
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Total liabilities				$	—

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and at September 30, 2021, respectively	—				—
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 1,100,000,000 shares authorized, 155,108,627 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and 154,866,313 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021		155			155
Class B common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 100 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and at September 30, 2021, respectively		—			—
Additional paid-in capital		1,628,581			1,615,236
Accumulated deficit		(135,702	)		(188,227	)
Total stockholders’ equity		1,493,034			1,427,164
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,493,034		$	1,427,164

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income (loss) of subsidiaries	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788
Net income (loss) of subsidiaries	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788

The AZEK Company Inc. did not have any cash as of March 31, 2022 or September 30, 2021, accordingly a Condensed Statement of Cash Flows has not been presented.

Basis of Presentation

The parent company financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes thereto. For purposes of this condensed financial information, the Company’s wholly owned and majority

owned subsidiaries are recorded based upon its proportionate share of the subsidiaries’ net assets (similar to presenting them on the equity method).

Since the restricted net assets of The AZEK Company Inc. and its subsidiaries exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, the accompanying condensed parent company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule 1 of Regulation S-X. This information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Dividends from Subsidiaries

There were no cash dividends paid to The AZEK Company Inc. from the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries during each of the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Restricted Payments

CPG International LLC is party to the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Agreement originally executed on September 30, 2013, both of which have been amended and extended from time to time. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Agreement are secured by substantially all of the present and future assets of the borrowers and guarantors, including equity interests of their domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and its wholly owned domestic subsidiaries other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries. CPG International LLC is not permitted to make certain payments unless those payments are consistent with exceptions outlined in the agreements. These payments include repurchase of equity interests, fees associated with a public offering, income taxes due in other applicable payments. Further, the payments are only permitted if certain conditions are met related to availability and fixed charge coverage as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility and described in Note 8 “Debt” to these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On April 28, 2022, the Company entered into a new $600 million first lien term loan credit facility pursuant to the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, the proceeds of which were applied, among other uses, to prepay the obligations of the Term Loan Agreement in full. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement will mature on April 28, 2029 and the loans thereunder bear an interest rate equal to (i) in the case of ABR borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (b) the Prime Rate as in effect on such day and (c) the one-month Term SOFR rate plus 1.00% per annum, provided that in no event will the alternative base rate be less than 1.50% per annum, plus an applicable margin of 1.50% and (ii) in the case of SOFR borrowings, the Term SOFR rate for the applicable interest period, in each case, plus an applicable margin of 2.50%. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type.

On May 5, 2022, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $400 million of the Company’s Class A common stock. The program allows the Company to repurchase its shares opportunistically from time to time. Purchases may be effected through one or more open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, transactions structured through investment banking institutions, accelerated share repurchases or tender offers, some of which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 plans, or a combination of the foregoing. The timing of repurchases will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, and repurchases may be discontinued at any time.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our annual consolidated financial statements and related notes and our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, which were included in our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC on November 23, 2021, or our 2021 Form 10-K, as well as Item 1. Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding future operations, expansion plans, capital investments, capacity targets and other strategic initiatives, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward looking statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “objective,” “plan,” “potential,” “seek,” “grow,” “target,” “if,” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. In particular, statements about potential new products and product innovation, statements regarding the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or geopolitical conflicts, such as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, statements about the markets in which we operate and the economy more generally, including growth of our various markets and growth in the use of engineered products as well as our ability to share in such growth, statements about our ability to source our raw materials in line with our expectations, future pricing for our products or our raw materials and our ability to successfully manage market risk and control or reduce costs, statements with respect to our ability to meet future goals and targets, including our environmental, social and governance targets, and our expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, prospects, assumptions or future events or performance contained in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our 2021 Form 10-K. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results may differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect. In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. While we believe that such information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, such information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

Overview

We are an industry-leading designer and manufacturer of beautiful, low-maintenance and environmentally sustainable products focused on the highly attractive, large and fast-growing Outdoor Living market. Homeowners are continuing to invest in their outdoor spaces and are increasingly recognizing the significant advantages of long-lasting products, which are converting demand away from traditional materials, particularly wood. Our products transform those outdoor spaces by combining highly appealing aesthetics with significantly lower maintenance costs compared to traditional materials. Our innovative portfolio of Outdoor Living products, including decking, railing, trim, siding, pergolas, cladding and accessories, inspires consumers to design outdoor spaces tailored to their unique lifestyle needs. In addition to our leading suite of Outdoor Living products, we sell a broad range of highly engineered products that are sold in commercial markets, including partitions, lockers and storage solutions. One of our core values is to “always do the right thing”. We make decisions according to what is right, not what is the cheapest, fastest or easiest, and we strive to always operate with integrity, transparency and with the customer in mind. In furtherance of that value, we are focused on sustainability across our operations and have adopted strategies to enable us to meet the growing demand for environmentally-friendly products.

We report our results in two segments: Residential and Commercial. We leverage a shared technology and U.S.-based manufacturing platform to create an extensive range of long-lasting and low-maintenance products that convert demand away from traditional materials. Our Residential segment serves the high-growth Outdoor Living market by offering products that inspire consumers to design outdoor spaces tailored to their individual lifestyles. Our innovative portfolio of Outdoor Living products, including decking, railing, exterior trim, pergolas and accessories, are sold under our TimberTech, AZEK Exteriors, VERSATEX, ULTRALOX and StruXure brands. Our Commercial segment addresses demand for low-maintenance, highly engineered products in a variety of commercial and industrial markets, including the outdoor, graphic displays and signage, educational and recreational markets, as well as the food processing and chemical industries. Products sold by our Commercial segment include highly engineered

polymer sheeting as well as partitions, lockers and storage solutions. Over our history we have developed a reputation as a leading innovator in our markets by leveraging our differentiated manufacturing capabilities, material science expertise and product management proficiency to consistently introduce new products into the market. This long-standing commitment has been critical to our ability to stay at the forefront of evolving industry trends and consumer demands, which in turn has allowed us to become a market leader across our core product categories.

COVID-19

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been focused on protecting our employees’ health and safety, meeting our customers’ needs as they navigate an uncertain financial and operating environment, working closely with our suppliers to protect our ongoing business operations and rapidly adjusting our short-, medium and long-term operational plans to proactively and effectively respond to the current and potential future public health crises.

Although we believe that we have adapted and are continuing to adapt well to the wide-ranging changes to the global economy and our industry, we may not be able to fully mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We expect that the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely continue to affect demand for our products over the balance of fiscal 2022 in ways that may be difficult to predict. The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, and we continue to monitor the situation closely. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the risks described in “Risk Factors” in our 2021 Form 10-K.

Conflict in Ukraine

StruXure Acquisition

On December 29, 2021, we acquired StruXure Outdoor, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, for a total purchase price of approximately $84.1 million, subject to customary post-closing working capital adjustments. StruXure Outdoor, LLC is located in Dahlonega, Georgia and manufactures customizable outdoor pergolas and cabanas. We financed the acquisition with cash on hand.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

The following tables summarize certain financial information relating to our operating results that have been derived from our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		$ Variance			% Variance
Net sales	$	396,255	$	293,121	$	103,134			35.2	%
Cost of sales		273,795		195,272		78,523			40.2	%
Gross profit		122,460		97,849		24,611			25.2	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		70,822		60,155		10,667			17.7	%
Other general expenses		—		1,149		(1,149	)		-100.0	%
Operating income (loss)		51,638		36,545		15,093			41.3	%
Interest expense, net		4,010		6,348		(2,338	)		-36.8	%
Income tax expense (benefit)		11,810		7,557		4,253			56.3	%
Net income (loss)	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	13,178			58.2	%

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $103.1 million, or 35.2%, to $396.3 million from $293.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was attributable to higher sales growth in both our Residential and Commercial segments. Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased for our Residential segment by 33.6% and increased for our Commercial segment by 48.4%, in each case as compared to the prior year period.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $78.5 million, or 40.2%, to $273.8 million from $195.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily due to increased costs on higher sales volumes and higher costs of raw materials and manufacturing.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $24.6 million, or 25.2%, to $122.5 million from $97.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in gross profit was primarily driven by the strong sales results in the Residential and Commercial segments, including positive pricing, partially offset by higher costs. Gross profit as a percent of net sales decreased to 30.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 33.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $10.7 million, or 17.7%, to $70.8 million, or 17.9% of net sales, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 from $60.2 million, or 20.5% of net sales, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to higher employee related expenses and marketing expenses, partially offset by lower stock-based compensation expense.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net, decreased by $2.3 million, or 36.8%, to $4.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 from $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Interest expense, net decreased due to refinancing fees for the three months ended March 31, 2021, higher capitalized interest and a lower interest rate on our Term Loan Agreement, partially offset by higher finance lease interest during the three months ended March 31, 2022, when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax expense increased by $4.3 million to $11.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $7.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in our income tax expense was primarily driven by the increase in our pre-tax operating earnings.

Net Income (Loss)

Net income increased by $13.2 million to $35.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $22.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, due to the factors described above.

Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended March 31, 2021

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		$ Variance			% Variance
Net sales	$	655,963	$	505,399	$	150,564			29.8	%
Cost of sales		444,894		334,572		110,322			33.0	%
Gross profit		211,069		170,827		40,242			23.6	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		133,991		113,602		20,389			17.9	%
Other general expenses		—		1,149		(1,149	)		-100.0	%
Operating income (loss)		77,078		56,076		21,002			37.5	%
Interest expense, net		8,158		12,374		(4,216	)		-34.1	%
Income tax expense (benefit)		16,395		10,914		5,481			50.2	%
Net income (loss)	$	52,525	$	32,788	$	19,737			60.2	%

Net Sales

Net sales for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $150.6 million, or 29.8%, to from $505.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was attributable to higher sales growth in both our Residential and Commercial segments. Net sales for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased for our Residential segment by 27.6% and increased for our Commercial segment by 46.8%, in each case as compared to the prior year period.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $110.3 million, or 33.0%, to $444.9 million from $334.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021 primarily due to increased costs on higher sales volumes and higher costs of raw materials and manufacturing.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $40.2 million, or 23.6%, to $211.1 million from $170.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in gross profit was primarily driven by the strong sales results in the Residential and Commercial segments, including positive pricing, partially offset by higher costs. Gross profit as a percent of net sales decreased to 32.2% for the six months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 33.8% for the six months ended March 31, 2021.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $20.4 million, or 17.9%, to $134.0 million, or 20.4% of net sales, for the six months ended March 31, 2022 from $113.6 million, or 22.5% of net sales, for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to higher employee related expenses and marketing expenses, partially offset by lower stock-based compensation expense.

Interest Expense, net

Interest expense, net, decreased by $4.2 million, or 34.1%, to $8.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 from $12.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. Interest expense, net decreased due to a lower interest rate on our Term Loan Agreement and higher capitalized interest, partially offset by higher finance lease interest during the six months ended March 31, 2022, when compared to the six months ended March 31, 2021, as well as refinancing costs incurred during the six months ended March 31, 2021.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax expense increased by $5.5 million to $16.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $10.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in our income tax expense was primarily driven by the increase in our pre-tax operating earnings.

Net Income (Loss)

Net income increased by $19.7 million to $52.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $32.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021, due to the factors described above.

Segment Results of Operations

We report our results in two segments: Residential and Commercial. The key segment measures used by our chief operating decision maker in deciding how to evaluate performance and allocate resources to each of the segments are Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin. Depending on certain circumstances, Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin may be calculated differently, from time to time, than our Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin, which are further discussed under the heading “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin represent measures of segment profit reported to our chief operating decision maker for the purpose of making decisions about allocating resources to a segment and assessing its performance and are determined as disclosed in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q consistent with the requirements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC 280, Segment Reporting. We define Segment Adjusted EBITDA as a segment’s net income (loss) before income tax (benefit) expense and by adding to or subtracting therefrom interest expense, net, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation costs, asset impairment and inventory revaluation costs, business transformation costs, capital structure transaction costs, acquisition costs, initial public offering costs and certain other costs. Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin is equal to a segment’s Segment Adjusted EBITDA divided by such segment’s net sales. Corporate expenses, which include selling, general and administrative costs related to our corporate offices, including payroll and other professional fees, are not included in computing Segment Adjusted EBITDA. Such corporate expenses decreased by $0.9 million to $22.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, from $23.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, and increased by $2.0 million to $43.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022, from $41.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021.

Residential

The following table summarizes certain financial information relating to the Residential segment results that have been derived from our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

	Three Months Ended March 31,											Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022			2021			$ Variance		% Variance			2022			2021			$ Variance		% Variance
Net sales	$	350,358		$	262,198		$	88,160		33.6	%	$	571,491		$	447,838		$	123,653		27.6	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA		98,350			81,699			16,651		20.4	%		167,781			140,475			27,306		19.4	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin		28.1	%		31.2	%	N/A		N/A				29.4	%		31.4	%	N/A		N/A

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $88.2 million, or 33.6%, to $350.4 million from $262.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to higher net sales related to our Deck, Rail & Accessories and Exteriors businesses, along with $16.0 million related to the acquisition of StruXure.

Net sales for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $123.7 million, or 27.6%, to $571.5 million from $447.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to higher net sales related to our Deck, Rail & Accessories and Exteriors businesses.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $16.7 million, or 20.4%, to $98.4 million from $81.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was mainly driven by higher sales, partially offset by higher raw material costs, selling and marketing expenses and manufacturing costs.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $27.3 million, or 19.4%, to $167.8 million from $140.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was mainly driven by higher sales, partially offset by higher raw material costs, selling and marketing expenses and manufacturing costs.

Commercial

The following table summarizes certain financial information relating to the Commercial segment results that have been derived from our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

	Three Months Ended March 31,											Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022			2021			$ Variance		% Variance			2022			2021			$ Variance		% Variance
Net sales	$	45,897		$	30,923		$	14,974		48.4	%	$	84,472		$	57,561		$	26,911		46.8	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA		8,675			3,714			4,961		133.6	%		13,423			7,030			6,393		90.9	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Margin		18.9	%		12.0	%	N/A		N/A				15.9	%		12.2	%	N/A		N/A

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $15.0 million, or 48.4%, to $45.9 million from $30.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to higher net sales in our Vycom and Scranton Products businesses.

Net sales for the six months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $26.9 million, or 46.8%, to $84.5 million from $57.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to higher net sales in our Vycom and Scranton Products businesses.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA of the Commercial segment was $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by higher sales in the Vycom business and net manufacturing productivity.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA of the Commercial segment was $13.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $7.0 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily driven by higher sales in the Vycom business and net manufacturing productivity.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP, we use certain non-GAAP performance financial measures, as described below, to provide investors with additional useful information about our financial performance, to enhance the overall understanding of our past performance and future prospects and to allow for greater transparency with respect to important metrics used by our management for financial and operational decision-making. We are presenting these non-GAAP financial measures to assist investors in seeing our financial performance from management’s view and because we believe they provide an additional tool for investors to use in comparing our core financial performance over multiple periods with other companies in our industry. Our GAAP financial results include significant expenses that may not be indicative of our ongoing operations as detailed in the tables below.

However, non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in their usefulness to investors because they have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. In addition, non-GAAP financial measures may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be directly comparable to, similarly titled measures used by other companies. As a result, non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed as supplementing, and not as an alternative or substitute for, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2022			2021			2022			2021
Adjusted Gross Profit	$	143,754		$	114,665		$	250,844		$	203,437
Adjusted Gross Profit Margin		36.3	%		39.1	%		38.2	%		40.3	%
Adjusted Net Income	$	50,783		$	39,367		$	79,541		$	62,508
Adjusted Diluted EPS	$	0.33		$	0.25		$	0.51		$	0.40
Adjusted EBITDA	$	90,921		$	71,511		$	149,441		$	119,963
Adjusted EBITDA Margin		22.9	%		24.4	%		22.8	%		23.7	%

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

We define Adjusted Gross Profit as gross profit before depreciation and amortization, business transformation costs and acquisition costs as described below. Adjusted Gross Profit Margin is equal to Adjusted Gross Profit divided by net sales. We define Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) before amortization, stock-based compensation costs, business transformation costs, acquisition costs, initial public offering costs, capital structure transaction costs and certain other costs as described below. We define Adjusted Diluted EPS as Adjusted Net Income divided by weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted, to reflect the conversion or exercise, as applicable, of all outstanding shares of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and options to purchase shares of our common stock. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest expense, net, income tax (benefit) expense and depreciation and amortization and by adding to or subtracting therefrom items of expense and income as described above. Adjusted EBITDA Margin is equal to Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. We believe Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are useful to investors because they help identify underlying trends in our business that could otherwise be masked by certain expenses that can vary from company to company depending on, among other things, its financing, capital structure and the method by which its assets were acquired, and can also vary significantly from period to period. We also add back depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation because we do not consider them indicative of our core operating performance. We believe their exclusion facilitates comparisons of our operating performance on a period-to-period basis. Therefore, we believe that showing gross profit and net income, as adjusted to remove the impact of these expenses, is helpful to investors in assessing our gross profit and net income performance in a way that is similar to the way management assesses our performance. Additionally, EBITDA and EBITDA margin are common measures of operating performance in our industry, and we believe they facilitate operating comparisons. Our management also uses Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin in conjunction with other GAAP financial measures for planning purposes, including as a measure of our core operating results and the effectiveness of our business strategy, and in evaluating our financial performance. Management considers Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS as useful measures because our cost of sales includes the depreciation of property, plant and equipment used in the production of products and the amortization of various intangibles related to our manufacturing processes.

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

•

These measures do not reflect our cash expenditures, future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

•

These measures do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

•

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debt;

•

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect our income tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our taxes;

•

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA exclude the expense of depreciation, in the case of Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA, and amortization, in each case, of our assets, and, although these are non-cash expenses, the assets being depreciated or amortized may have to be replaced in the future;

•

Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA exclude the expense associated with our equity compensation plan, although equity compensation has been, and will continue to be, an important part of our compensation strategy;

•

Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted EBITDA exclude certain business transformation costs, acquisition costs and other costs, each of which can affect our current and future cash requirements; and

•

Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Profit Margin, Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Diluted EPS, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Because of these limitations, none of these metrics should be considered indicative of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business or as measures of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations.

The following table presents reconciliations of the most comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP to these non-GAAP financial measures for the periods indicated:

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Profit Margin Reconciliation

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Gross Profit	$	122,460	$	97,849	$	211,069	$	170,827
Depreciation and amortization (1)		20,086		16,816		38,567		32,610
Acquisitions costs (2)		1,208		—		1,208		—
Adjusted Gross Profit	$	143,754	$	114,665	$	250,844	$	203,437

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Gross Margin		30.9	%		33.4	%		32.2	%		33.8	%
Depreciation and amortization		5.1	%		5.7	%		5.8	%		6.5	%
Acquisitions costs		0.3	%		0.0	%		0.2	%		0.0	%
Adjusted Gross Profit Margin		36.3	%		39.1	%		38.2	%		40.3	%

(1)

Depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 consists of $14.8 million and $11.3 million, respectively, of depreciation and $5.3 million and $5.5 million, respectively, of amortization of intangible assets relating to our manufacturing process. Depreciation and amortization for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 consists of $28.5 million and $21.6 million, respectively, of depreciation and $10.1 million and $11.0 million, respectively, of amortization of intangible assets relating to our manufacturing process.

(2)

Acquisition costs reflect inventory step-up adjustments related to recording the inventory of acquired businesses at fair value on the date of acquisition.

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Diluted EPS Reconciliation

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net income (loss)	$	35,818		$	22,640		$	52,525		$	32,788
Amortization		12,564			12,540			25,444			25,183
Stock-based compensation (1)		1,804			6,087			3,765			8,773
Acquisition costs (2)		5,136			—			5,633			—
Initial public offering and secondary offering costs		—			1,149			—			1,149
Other costs (3)		177			1,390			662			3,053
Tax impact of adjustments (4)		(4,716	)		(4,439	)		(8,488	)		(8,438	)
Adjusted Net Income	$	50,783		$	39,367		$	79,541		$	62,508

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net income (loss)	$	0.23		$	0.14		$	0.34		$	0.21
Amortization		0.08			0.08			0.15			0.16
Stock-based compensation		0.01			0.04			0.02			0.06
Acquisition costs		0.03			—			0.04			—
Initial public offering and secondary offering costs		—			0.01			—			0.01
Other costs		0.01			0.01			0.01			0.02
Tax impact of adjustments		(0.03	)		(0.03	)		(0.05	)		(0.06	)
Adjusted Diluted EPS (5)	$	0.33		$	0.25		$	0.51		$	0.40

(1)	Stock-based compensation costs reflect expenses related to our initial public offering. Expenses related to our recurring awards granted each fiscal year are excluded from the Adjusted Net Income reconciliation.

(2)

(3)

Other costs include costs for legal expense of $0.1 million and $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, costs related to an incentive plan and other ancillary expenses associated with the initial public offering of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, other costs of 0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and the impact of retroactive adoption of ASC 842 of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Other costs include costs for legal expense of $0.4 million and $1.0 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, costs related to an incentive plan and other ancillary expenses associated with the initial public offering of $0.1 million and $1.7 million in the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, other costs of $0.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022, and the impact of retroactive adoption of ASC 842 of $0.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2021.

(4)	Tax impact of adjustments are based on applying a combined U.S. federal and state statutory tax rate of 24.5% for both the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

(5)	Weighted average common shares outstanding used in computing diluted net income (loss) per common share of 156,121,476 and 156,747,514 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 156,560,502 and 156,377,902 for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin Reconciliation

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income (loss)	$	35,818	$	22,640	$	52,525	$	32,788
Interest expense		4,010		6,348		8,158		12,374
Depreciation and amortization		29,042		25,271		57,124		49,549
Income tax expense (benefit)		11,810		7,557		16,395		10,914
Stock-based compensation		4,928		7,156		8,944		10,136
Acquisition costs (1)		5,136		—		5,633		—
Initial public offering and secondary offering costs		—		1,149		—		1,149
Other costs (2)		177		1,390		662		3,053
Total adjustments		55,103		48,871		96,916		87,175
Adjusted EBITDA	$	90,921	$	71,511	$	149,441	$	119,963

	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net income (loss)		9.0	%		7.7	%		8.0	%		6.5	%
Interest expense		1.0	%		2.2	%		1.2	%		2.4	%
Depreciation and amortization		7.3	%		8.6	%		8.7	%		9.8	%
Income tax expense (benefit)		3.0	%		2.6	%		2.5	%		2.2	%
Stock-based compensation		1.2	%		2.4	%		1.4	%		2.0	%
Acquisition costs		1.3	%		0.0	%		0.9	%		0.0	%
Initial public offering costs		0.0	%		0.4	%		0.0	%		0.2	%
Other costs		0.1	%		0.5	%		0.1	%		0.6	%
Total adjustments		13.9	%		16.7	%		14.8	%		17.2	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin		22.9	%		24.4	%		22.8	%		23.7	%

(1)

(2)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity Outlook

Our primary cash needs are to fund working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and any acquisitions we may undertake. As of March 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $25.8 million and total indebtedness of $507.7 million. CPG International LLC, our direct, wholly owned subsidiary, had approximately $107.2 million available under the borrowing base for future borrowings as of March 31, 2022. CPG International LLC also has the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

We believe we will have adequate liquidity over the next 12 months to operate our business and to meet our cash requirements as a result of cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances and availability under our Revolving Credit Facility after consideration of our debt service and other cash requirements. In the longer term, our liquidity will depend on many factors, including our results of operations, our future growth, the timing and extent of our expenditures to develop new products and improve our manufacturing capabilities, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities and the extent to which we make acquisitions. Changes in our operating plans, material changes in anticipated sales, increased expenses, acquisitions or other events may cause us to seek additional equity and/or debt financing in future periods.

Holding Company Status

We are a holding company and do not conduct any business operations of our own. As a result, we are largely dependent upon cash dividends and distributions and other transfers from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations. The agreements governing the indebtedness of our subsidiaries impose restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

CPG International LLC is party to the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Agreement, or, together, the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. The obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are secured by specified assets. The obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities are guaranteed by the Company and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

The Senior Secured Credit Facilities contain covenants restricting payments of dividends by CPG International LLC unless certain conditions, as provided in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, are met. The covenants under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities provide for certain exceptions for specific types of payments. However, other than restricted payments under the specified exceptions, the covenants under our Term Loan Agreement generally prohibit the payment of dividends unless the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Term Loan Agreement) of CPG International LLC, on a pro forma basis, is no greater than 4.25:1.00 and no event of default has occurred and is occurring.

On April 28, 2022, the Company entered into the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, the proceeds of which were applied, among other uses, to prepay the obligations of the Term Loan Agreement in full. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement contains similar covenants to the Term Loan Agreement restricting payments of dividends by CPG International LLC unless certain conditions, as provided in the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, are met.

Since the restricted net assets of the Company and its subsidiaries exceed 25% of our consolidated net assets, in accordance with Rule 12-04, Schedule 1 of Regulation S-X, refer to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for condensed parent company financial statements of the Company.

Cash Sources

We have historically relied on cash flows from operations generated by CPG International LLC, borrowings under the credit facilities, issuances of notes and other forms of debt financing and capital contributions to fund our cash needs.

On September 30, 2013, our subsidiary, CPG International LLC (as successor-in-interest to CPG Merger Sub LLC, a limited liability company formed to effect the acquisition of CPG International LLC), and the lenders party thereto entered into the Revolving Credit Facility. On March 9, 2017, the Revolving Credit Facility was amended and restated to provide for maximum aggregate borrowings of up to $150.0 million, subject to an asset-based borrowing base. The borrowing base is limited to a specified percentage of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, less reserves that may be established by the Revolver Administrative Agent in the exercise of its reasonable credit judgment. As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, CPG International LLC had $40.0 million and $0.0 million outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, respectively and had $2.8 million and $3.3 million of outstanding letters of credit held against the Revolving Credit Facility, respectively. As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, CPG International LLC had approximately $107.2 million and $146.7 million, available under the borrowing base for future borrowings in addition to cash and cash equivalents on hand of $25.8 million and $250.5 million, respectively. Because our borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility depends, in part, on inventory, accounts receivable and other assets that fluctuate from time to time, the amount available under the borrowing base may not reflect actual borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Cash Uses

Our principal cash requirements have included working capital, capital expenditures, payments of principal and interest on our debt, and, if market conditions warrant, making selected acquisitions. We may elect to use cash from operations, debt proceeds, equity or a combination thereof to finance future acquisition opportunities.

The table below details the total operating, investing and financing activity cash flows for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

Cash Flows

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(U.S. dollars in thousands)	2022			2021			$ Variance			% Variance
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(67,543	)	$	8,086		$	(75,629	)		(935.3	)%
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(200,433	)		(72,703	)		(127,730	)		175.7	%
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		43,252			922			42,330			4591.1	%
Net increase (decrease) in cash	$	(224,724	)	$	(63,695	)	$	(161,029	)		252.8	%

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was $(67.5) million and $8.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $75.6 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities is primarily related to higher trade receivable and inventory levels compared to March 31, 2021.

Investing Activities

Net cash provided by (used) in investing activities was $(200.4) million and $(72.7) million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2022 primarily consisted of $86.9 million for acquisitions and $114.0 million for purchases of property, plant and equipment to support our expansion of capacity in our manufacturing facilities, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2021, which primarily consisted of purchases of property, plant and equipment in the normal course of business.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities was $43.3 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities for six months ended March 31, 2022 primarily consisted of cash received from revolving credit facility, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2021, which primarily consisted of cash received from the exercise of stock options partially offset by repayment of finance lease obligations.

Revolving Credit Facility

The Revolving Credit Facility provides for maximum aggregate borrowings of up to $150.0 million, subject to an asset-based borrowing base. Outstanding revolving loans under the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest at a rate which equals, at our option, either (i) for alternative base rate, or ABR, borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR, as of such date for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, plus, in each case, a spread of 25 to 75 basis points based on average historical availability, or (ii) for Eurocurrency borrowings, adjusted LIBOR plus a spread of 125 to 175 basis points, based on average historical availability. The maturity of the Revolving Credit Facility is the earlier of March 31, 2026 and the date that is 91 days prior to the maturity of the Term Loan Agreement or any permitted refinancing thereof.

A “commitment fee” accrues on any unused portion of the revolving commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility during the preceding three calendar month period. If the average daily used percentage is greater than 50%, the commitment fee equals 25 basis points, and if the average daily used percentage is less than or equal to 50%, the commitment fee equals 37.5 basis points.

The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in certain assets, including substantially all of the accounts receivable, inventory, deposit accounts, securities accounts and cash assets of the Company, CPG International LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the Revolving Credit Facility, and the proceeds thereof (subject to certain exceptions), or the Revolver Priority Collateral, plus a second priority security interest in all of the Term Loan Priority Collateral (as defined below). The obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by the Company and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

Revolving loans under the Revolving Credit Facility may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty. CPG International LLC is also required to make mandatory prepayments (i) when aggregate borrowings exceed commitments or the applicable borrowing base and (ii) during “cash dominion,” which occurs if (a) the availability under the Revolving Credit Facility is less than the greater of (i) $12.5 million and (ii) 10% of the lesser of (x) $150.0 million and (y) the borrowing base, for five consecutive business days or (b) certain events of default have occurred and are continuing.

The Revolving Credit Facility contains affirmative covenants that are customary for financings of this type, including allowing the Revolver Administrative Agent to perform periodic field exams and appraisals to evaluate the borrowing base. The Revolving Credit Facility contains various negative covenants, including limitations on, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of indebtedness, the incurrence of liens, dispositions, investments, acquisitions, restricted payments, transactions with affiliates, as well as other negative covenants customary for financings of this type. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes a financial maintenance covenant, applicable only when the excess availability is less than the greater of (i) 10% of the lesser of the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility and the borrowing base, and (ii) $12.5 million. In such circumstances, we would be required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) for the trailing four quarters equal to at least 1.0 to 1.0; subject to our ability to make an equity cure (no more than twice in any four quarter period and up to five times over the life of the facility). As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the financial and nonfinancial covenants imposed by the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility also includes customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

We also have the option to increase the commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by up to $100.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

Term Loan Agreement

The Term Loan Agreement is a first lien term loan. As of each of March 31, 2022, and September 30, 2021, CPG International LLC had $467.7 million outstanding under the Term Loan Agreement. On April 28, 2022, the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement were paid off in full and the Term Loan Agreement was terminated.

The interest rate applicable to the outstanding principal under the Term Loan Agreement equaled, at our option, either, (i) in the case of ABR borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate as of such day plus 50 basis points, (b) the prime rate and (c) the LIBOR as of such day for a deposit in U.S. dollars with a maturity of one month plus 100 basis points, provided that in no event will the alternative base rate be less than 175 basis points, plus, in each case, the applicable margin of 150 basis points per annum; or (ii) in the case of Eurocurrency borrowings, the greater of (a) the LIBOR in effect for such interest period divided by one, minus the statutory reserves applicable to such Eurocurrency borrowing, if any, and (b) 75 basis points, plus the applicable margin of 250 basis points per annum.

The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement were secured by a first priority security interest in the membership interests of CPG International LLC owned by the Company, the equity interests of CPG International LLC’s domestic subsidiaries and all remaining assets not constituting Revolver Priority Collateral (subject to certain exceptions) of the Company, CPG International LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the Term Loan Agreement, or the Term Loan Priority Collateral, and a second priority security interest in the Revolver Priority Collateral. The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement were guaranteed by the Company and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

The Term Loan Agreement could have been voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty (other than the Prepayment Premium, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement, if applicable), subject to certain customary conditions. CPG International LLC was also required to make mandatory prepayments in an amount equal to (i) 100% of the net cash proceeds from casualty events or the disposition of property or assets, subject to customary reinvestment rights, (ii) 100% of the net cash proceeds from the incurrence or issuance of indebtedness (other than permitted indebtedness) by CPG International LLC or any restricted subsidiary and (iii) 50% of excess cash flow, with such percentage subject to reduction (to 25% and to 0%) upon achievement of specified leverage ratios. At September 30, 2021, no excess cash flow payment was required based on the current leverage ratio. The lenders under the Term Loan Agreement had the option to decline any prepayments based on excess cash flows. Additionally, CPG International LLC was required to pay the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan Agreement in quarterly installments of 0.25253% of the aggregate principal amount under the Term Loan Agreement outstanding, and such quarterly payments could have been reduced as a result of prepayments. Based on the prepayment of $337.7 million made with net proceeds we received from our IPO, CPG International LLC had prepaid all of the quarterly principal payments otherwise due through the maturity of the Term Loan Agreement.

The Term Loan Agreement contained affirmative covenants, negative covenants and events of default, which were broadly consistent with those in the Revolving Credit Facility (with certain differences consistent with the differences between a revolving loan and term loan) and that were customary for facilities of this type. The Term Loan Agreement did not have any financial maintenance covenants. As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, CPG International LLC was in compliance with the covenants

imposed by the Term Loan Agreement. The Term Loan Agreement also included customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

On April 28, 2022, the Company and CPG International LLC entered into the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, the proceeds of which were applied, among other uses, to prepay the obligations of the Term Loan Agreement in full. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement will mature on April 28, 2029, subject to acceleration or prepayment. Commencing on December 31, 2022, the Credit Facility will amortize in equal quarterly installments of 0.25% of the aggregate principal amount of the loans outstanding, subject to reduction for certain prepayments.

The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a first priority security interest in the membership interests of CPG International LLC owned by the Company, the equity interests of CPG International LLC’s domestic subsidiaries, other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries, and all remaining assets not constituting Revolver Priority Collateral (subject to certain exceptions) of the Company, CPG International LLC and the subsidiaries of CPG International LLC that are guarantors under the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, and a second priority security interest in the Revolver Priority Collateral. The obligations under the 2022 Term Loan Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and the wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of CPG International LLC other than certain immaterial subsidiaries and other excluded subsidiaries.

The interest rate applicable to the outstanding principal under the 2022 Term Loan Agreement equals, at our option, (i) in the case of alternative base rate borrowings, the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 0.50%, (b) the Prime Rate (as defined in the 2022 Term Loan Agreement) as in effect on such day and (c) the one-month Term SOFR (as defined in the 2022 Term Loan Agreement) plus 1.00% per annum, provided that in no event will the alternative base rate be less than 1.50% per annum, plus an applicable margin of 1.50% and (ii) in the case of SOFR borrowings, Term SOFR for the applicable interest period, plus an applicable margin of 2.50%.

Loans under the 2022 Term Loan Agreement may be voluntarily prepaid in whole, or in part, in each case without premium or penalty (other than the Prepayment Premium, as defined in the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, if applicable), subject to certain customary conditions. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement also requires mandatory prepayments of loans under the 2022 Term Loan Agreement from the proceeds of certain debt issuances and certain asset dispositions (subject to certain reinvestment rights) and a percentage of excess cash flow (subject to step-downs upon CPG International LLC achieving certain leverage ratios and other reductions in connection with other debt prepayments).

The 2022 Term Loan Agreement contains affirmative covenants, negative covenants and events of default, which are broadly consistent with those in the Revolving Credit Facility (with certain differences consistent with the differences between a revolving loan and term loan) and that are customary for facilities of this type. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement does not have any financial maintenance covenants. The 2022 Term Loan Agreement also includes customary events of default, including the occurrence of a change of control.

We have the right to arrange for incremental term loans under the Credit Agreement in an amount that shall not exceed the sum of (i) the Fixed Incremental Amount, as defined in the 2022 Term Loan Agreement, and (ii) the Ratio Amount, as defined in the 2022 Term Loan Agreement.

See Note 19 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the 2022 Term Loan Agreement.

Restrictions on Dividends

The Senior Secured Credit Facilities each restrict payments of dividends unless certain conditions, as provided in the Revolving Credit Facility or the Term Loan Agreement, as applicable, are met.

Contingent Commitments

We have contractual commitments for purchases of certain minimum quantities of raw materials at index-based prices, and non-cancelable capital and operating leases, outstanding letters of credit and fixed asset purchase commitments. For a description of our contractual obligations and commitments, see Notes 8 “Debt”, 10 “Leases” and 17 “Commitments and Contingencies” to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Other

We are currently in the process of a multi-phase capacity expansion program including the opening of a new manufacturing facility in Boise, Idaho. We also intend to continue to invest in new capacity in the ordinary course as we execute against the long-term material conversion opportunity and market expansion. As a result, we intend to invest approximately $180 - $200 million of capital expenditures during fiscal 2022 on these and other projects.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as compared to the critical accounting policies and significant judgments and estimates disclosed in our 2021 Form 10-K, except as updated in Note 1 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our long-term debt. Our principal interest rate risk relates to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. To meet our seasonal working capital needs, we borrow periodically on our variable rate revolving line of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, we had $467.7 million outstanding under the Term Loan Agreement at both dates and $40.0 million and $0.0 million outstanding amounts under the Revolving Credit Facility, respectively. The Term Loan Agreement and Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at variable rates. An increase or decrease of 100 basis points in the floating rates on the amounts outstanding under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, would have increased or decreased, respectively, annual cash interest by approximately $5.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively.

In the future, in order to manage our interest rate risk, we may refinance our existing debt or enter into interest rate swaps or otherwise hedge the risk of changes in the interest rate under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. However, we do not intend or expect to enter into derivative or interest rate swap transactions for speculative purposes.

Credit Risk

As of March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021, our cash and cash equivalents were maintained at major financial institutions in the United States, and our current deposits are likely in excess of insured limits. We believe these institutions have sufficient assets and liquidity to conduct their operations in the ordinary course of business with little or no credit risk to us.

Our accounts receivable primarily relate to revenue from the sale of products primarily to established distributors inside of the United States. To mitigate credit risk, ongoing credit evaluations of customers’ financial condition are performed. As of March 31, 2022, two customers represented more than 10% of gross trade receivables; Customer A was 21.8% and Customer B was 11.9%. As of September 30, 2021, three customers represented more than 10% of gross trade receivables; Customer A was 10.3%, Customer B was 12.7% and Customer C was 11.5%.

Foreign Currency Risk

Substantially all of our business is currently conducted in U.S. dollars. We do not believe that an immediate 10% increase or decrease in the relative value of the U.S. dollar as compared to other currencies would have a material effect on our operating results.

Inflation

Our cost of sales is subject to inflationary pressures and price fluctuations of the raw materials we use. Historically, we have generally been able over time to offset, in whole or in part, the effects of inflation and price fluctuations through sales price increases and production efficiencies associated with technological enhancements and volume growth; however, we cannot reasonably estimate our ability to offset any raw material price increases in the future.

Raw Materials

We rely upon the supply of certain raw materials in our production processes; however, we do not typically enter into fixed price contracts with our suppliers and currently have no fixed price contracts with our major vendors. The primary raw materials we use in the manufacture of our products are various petrochemical resins, including polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC resins, reclaimed polyethylene and PVC material, waste wood fiber and aluminum. In addition, we utilize a variety of other additives including modifiers, TiO2 and pigments. The exposures associated with these costs are primarily managed through terms of the sales and by maintaining relationships with multiple vendors. Prices for spot market purchases are negotiated on a continuous basis in line with the market at the time. We have not entered into hedges with respect to our raw material costs at this time, but we may choose to enter into such hedges in the future. Other than short term supply contracts for resins with indexed based pricing and occasional strategic purchases of larger quantities of certain raw materials, we generally buy materials on an as-needed basis.

The cost of some of the raw materials we use in the manufacture of our products is subject to significant price volatility. For example, the cost of petrochemical resins used in our manufacturing processes has historically varied significantly and has been affected by changes in supply and demand and in the price of crude oil. Substantially all of our resins are purchased under supply contracts that average approximately one to two years, for which pricing is variable based on an industry benchmark price index. The resin supply contracts are negotiated annually and generally provide that we are obligated to purchase a minimum amount of resins from each supplier. In addition, the price of reclaimed polyethylene material, waste wood fiber, aluminum, other additives (including modifiers, TiO2 and pigments) and other raw materials fluctuates depending on, among other things, overall market supply and demand and general business conditions.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations and businesses that cover a wide range of matters, including, among others, contract and employment claims, personal injury claims, product liability claims and warranty claims. Currently, there are no claims or proceedings against us that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. However, the results of any current or future litigation cannot be predicted with certainty and, regardless of the outcome, we may incur significant costs and experience a diversion of management resources as a result of litigation.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Except as set forth below, since September 30, 2021, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our 2021 Form 10-K. You should carefully consider the risk factors in our 2021 Form 10-K and our other filings made with the SEC in addition to the risk factor set forth below. You should be aware that such risk factors and other information may not describe every risk we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

The impact of the conflict in Ukraine on the global economy, energy and commodity supplies and raw materials is uncertain and negatively impact our business and operations.

The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions and other penalties imposed by countries around the world against Russia are creating substantial uncertainty in the global political and economic landscapes. While our operations are primarily within North America and we have no operations in Russia or Ukraine, and we do not have direct exposure to customers and vendors in Russia and Ukraine, we continue to monitor any adverse impact that such events may have on the global economy in general, on our business and operations and on the businesses and operations of our suppliers and customers. For example, a prolonged conflict may result in increased inflation, escalating energy and commodity prices and further constrained availability, and thus increasing costs, of our raw materials and freight. We are unable to fully predict the impact that current and future governmental actions and other events will have on the global economy, our industry or our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. To the extent the conflict in Ukraine may adversely affect our business as discussed above, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in Part I, Item 1A of our 2021 Form 10-K, such as those relating to our supply chain, volatility in prices of raw materials, scrap and other inputs, cybersecurity, demand for our products and market conditions, any of which could negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

				Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No.	Description	Form	Exhibit		Filing Date	File No.

3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of The AZEK Company Inc.	8-K	3.2		03/10/2022	001-39322

3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of The AZEK Company Inc.	8-K	3.3		03/10/2022	001-39322

4.1	Stockholders Agreement, by and among The AZEK Company Inc. and the other parties named therein	10-Q	4.1		08/14/2020	001-39322

4.2	Registration Rights Agreement, by and among The AZEK Company Inc. and the other parties named therein	10-Q	4.2		08/14/2020	001-39322

10.1	2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan	8-K	10.1		03/10/2022	001-39322

10.2	Credit Agreement dated as of April 28, 2022, among CPG International LLC, the lenders party hereto and Bank of America, N.A, as administrative and collateral agent.	8-K	10.1		05/03/2022	001-39322

10.3	Term Loan Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2022, among CPG International LLC, each of CPG International LLC’s subsidiaries identified therein and Bank of America, N.A, as administrative and collateral agent	8-K	10.2		05/03/2022	001-39322

10.4	Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2022, among Deutsche Bank, as ABL Agent, Bank of America, N.A., as Term Loan Agent, CPG International LLC, The AZEK Company Inc., and each of CPG International LLC’s identified therein	8-K	10.3		05/03/2022	001-39322

31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*

31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*

32.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*+

32.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*+

101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document*

101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*

101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*

101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*

101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*

101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*	Filed herewith.

+	This certification is deemed furnished and not filed for purpose of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		The AZEK Company Inc.

Date: May 10, 2022	By:		/s/ Peter Clifford
			Peter Clifford Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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