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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ___________

Commission File Number 1-12031

 

img34686097_0.jpg 

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Pennsylvania

 

23-2372688

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

 

 

250 Phillips Boulevard, Ewing, New Jersey

 

08618

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (609) 671-0980

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

 

Trading Symbol(s)

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

 

OLED

 

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Emerging growth company

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

 

 

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial account standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No

As of May 2, 2023, the registrant had outstanding 47,334,131 shares of common stock.

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

 

1

Consolidated Statements of Income – Three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

 

2

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

 

3

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity – Three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

 

4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

 

5

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

25

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

31

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

 

32

 

 

 

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

 

32

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

32

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

32

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

32

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

 

32

Item 5. Other Information

 

33

Item 6. Exhibits

 

33

 

 

 

 

 


 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

 

March 31, 2023

 

 

December 31, 2022

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

158,294

 

 

$

93,430

 

Short-term investments

 

 

487,812

 

 

 

484,345

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

92,677

 

 

 

92,664

 

Inventory

 

 

174,245

 

 

 

183,220

 

Other current assets

 

 

37,193

 

 

 

45,791

 

Total current assets

 

 

950,221

 

 

 

899,450

 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net of accumulated depreciation of $123,388 and $117,118

 

 

145,281

 

 

 

143,445

 

ACQUIRED TECHNOLOGY, net of accumulated amortization of $174,820 and $189,671

 

 

35,843

 

 

 

38,382

 

OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net of accumulated amortization of $9,341 and $8,989

 

 

7,947

 

 

 

8,247

 

GOODWILL

 

 

15,535

 

 

 

15,535

 

INVESTMENTS

 

 

213,369

 

 

 

259,861

 

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES

 

 

63,292

 

 

 

58,161

 

OTHER ASSETS

 

 

104,224

 

 

 

109,739

 

TOTAL ASSETS

 

$

1,535,712

 

 

$

1,532,820

 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

9,741

 

 

$

9,519

 

Accrued expenses

 

 

25,346

 

 

 

51,002

 

Deferred revenue

 

 

37,419

 

 

 

45,599

 

Other current liabilities

 

 

42,451

 

 

 

29,577

 

Total current liabilities

 

 

114,957

 

 

 

135,697

 

DEFERRED REVENUE

 

 

17,843

 

 

 

18,279

 

RETIREMENT PLAN BENEFIT LIABILITY

 

 

60,248

 

 

 

59,790

 

OTHER LIABILITIES

 

 

43,199

 

 

 

43,685

 

Total liabilities

 

 

236,247

 

 

 

257,451

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 18)

 

 

 

 

 

 

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 5,000,000 shares authorized, 200,000 
   shares of Series A Nonconvertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding
   (liquidation value of $
7.50 per share or $1,500)

 

 

2

 

 

 

2

 

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 48,697,467
   and
49,136,030 shares issued, and 47,331,819 and 47,770,382 shares outstanding, at
   March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively

 

 

487

 

 

 

491

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

679,390

 

 

 

681,335

 

Retained earnings

 

 

676,347

 

 

 

653,277

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

 

(15,477

)

 

 

(18,452

)

Treasury stock, at cost (1,365,648 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022)

 

 

(41,284

)

 

 

(41,284

)

Total shareholders’ equity

 

 

1,299,465

 

 

 

1,275,369

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

$

1,535,712

 

 

$

1,532,820

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

1


 

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

REVENUE:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Material sales

 

$

70,190

 

 

$

86,691

 

Royalty and license fees

 

 

55,210

 

 

 

59,802

 

Contract research services

 

 

5,067

 

 

 

3,977

 

Total revenue

 

 

130,467

 

 

 

150,470

 

COST OF SALES

 

 

32,970

 

 

 

33,163

 

Gross margin

 

 

97,497

 

 

 

117,307

 

OPERATING EXPENSES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

 

31,423

 

 

 

26,545

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

15,396

 

 

 

21,062

 

Amortization of acquired technology and other intangible assets

 

 

2,891

 

 

 

5,498

 

Patent costs

 

 

2,255

 

 

 

1,798

 

Royalty and license expense

 

 

164

 

 

 

154

 

Total operating expenses

 

 

52,129

 

 

 

55,057

 

OPERATING INCOME

 

 

45,368

 

 

 

62,250

 

Interest income, net

 

 

6,967

 

 

 

291

 

Other loss, net

 

 

(703

)

 

 

(34

)

Interest and other loss, net

 

 

6,264

 

 

 

257

 

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES

 

 

51,632

 

 

 

62,507

 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

 

 

(11,793

)

 

 

(12,537

)

NET INCOME

 

$

39,839

 

 

$

49,970

 

NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC

 

$

0.83

 

 

$

1.05

 

DILUTED

 

$

0.83

 

 

$

1.05

 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES USED IN COMPUTING NET
   INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC

 

 

47,523,593

 

 

 

47,369,764

 

DILUTED

 

 

47,567,007

 

 

 

47,440,281

 

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE

 

$

0.35

 

 

$

0.30

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

2


 

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

NET INCOME

$

39,839

 

 

$

49,970

 

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX:

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities,
   net of tax of ($
733) and $1,097, respectively

 

2,627

 

 

 

(3,935

)

Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial loss for
   retirement plan included in net periodic pension costs,
   net of tax of ($
71) and ($143), respectively

 

253

 

 

 

509

 

Change in cumulative foreign currency translation
   adjustment

 

95

 

 

 

(234

)

TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 

2,975

 

 

 

(3,660

)

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

$

42,814

 

 

$

46,310

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

3


 

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except for share data)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

 

 

 

Series A
Nonconvertible

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated
Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Preferred Stock

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

Retained

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

Treasury Stock

 

 

Shareholders’

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Capital

 

 

Earnings

 

 

Loss

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Equity

 

BALANCE,
DECEMBER 31, 2022

 

 

200,000

 

 

$

2

 

 

 

49,136,030

 

 

$

491

 

 

$

681,335

 

 

$

653,277

 

 

$

(18,452

)

 

 

1,365,648

 

 

$

(41,284

)

 

$

1,275,369

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

39,839

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

39,839

 

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,975

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,975

 

Cash dividend

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(16,769

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(16,769

)

Issuance of common stock
to employees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

126,846

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

3,853

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,854

 

Shares withheld for employee taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(51,703

)

 

 

 

 

 

(7,181

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(7,181

)

Cancellation of restricted stock awards

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(526,241

)

 

 

(5

)

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock to Board of Directors
and Scientific Advisory Board

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,896

 

 

 

 

 

 

723

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

723

 

Issuance of common stock to employees under an ESPP

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,639

 

 

 

 

 

 

655

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

655

 

BALANCE,
MARCH 31, 2023

 

 

200,000

 

 

$

2

 

 

 

48,697,467

 

 

$

487

 

 

$

679,390

 

 

$

676,347

 

 

$

(15,477

)

 

 

1,365,648

 

 

$

(41,284

)

 

$

1,299,465

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

 

 

 

Series A
Nonconvertible

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated
Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Preferred Stock

 

 

Common Stock

 

 

Paid-in

 

 

Retained

 

 

Comprehensive

 

 

Treasury Stock

 

 

Shareholders’

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Capital

 

 

Earnings

 

 

Loss

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Equity

 

BALANCE,
DECEMBER 31, 2021

 

 

200,000

 

 

$

2

 

 

 

49,065,924

 

 

$

491

 

 

$

658,728

 

 

$

500,212

 

 

$

(18,235

)

 

 

1,365,648

 

 

$

(41,284

)

 

$

1,099,914

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

49,970

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

49,970

 

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,660

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,660

)

Cash dividend

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(14,246

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(14,246

)

Issuance of common stock
to employees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

47,748

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,979

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,979

 

Shares withheld for employee taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(22,347

)

 

 

 

 

 

(7,896

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(7,896

)

Issuance of common stock to Board of Directors
and Scientific Advisory Board

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,630

 

 

 

 

 

 

730

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

730

 

Issuance of common stock to employees under an ESPP

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,875

 

 

 

 

 

 

509

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

509

 

BALANCE,
MARCH 31, 2022

 

 

200,000

 

 

$

2

 

 

 

49,099,830

 

 

$

491

 

 

$

658,050

 

 

$

535,936

 

 

$

(21,895

)

 

 

1,365,648

 

 

$

(41,284

)

 

$

1,131,300

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

4


 

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

39,839

 

 

$

49,970

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

6,496

 

 

 

5,627

 

Amortization of intangibles

 

 

2,891

 

 

 

5,498

 

Amortization of premium and discount on investments, net

 

 

(3,597

)

 

 

(271

)

Stock-based compensation to employees

 

 

3,992

 

 

 

6,085

 

Stock-based compensation to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board

 

 

423

 

 

 

430

 

Deferred income tax benefit

 

 

(5,936

)

 

 

(1,380

)

Retirement plan expense, net of benefit payments

 

 

782

 

 

 

1,359

 

Decrease (increase) in assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

(13

)

 

 

2,692

 

Inventory

 

 

8,975

 

 

 

(9,080

)

Other current assets

 

 

8,598

 

 

 

(8,172

)

Other assets

 

 

5,515

 

 

 

9,488

 

Increase (decrease) in liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

 

 

(24,116

)

 

 

(4,261

)

Other current liabilities

 

 

12,874

 

 

 

5,807

 

Deferred revenue

 

 

(8,616

)

 

 

(13,568

)

Other liabilities

 

 

(486

)

 

 

2,384

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

47,621

 

 

 

52,608

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

 

(9,098

)

 

 

(10,751

)

Purchases of intangibles

 

 

(51

)

 

 

(12

)

Purchases of investments

 

 

(65,207

)

 

 

(24,915

)

Proceeds from sale and maturity of investments

 

 

115,031

 

 

 

50,240

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

 

40,675

 

 

 

14,562

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

 

 

518

 

 

 

403

 

Payment of withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation to employees

 

 

(7,181

)

 

 

(7,896

)

Cash dividends paid

 

 

(16,769

)

 

 

(14,246

)

Net cash used in financing activities

 

 

(23,432

)

 

 

(21,739

)

INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

 

64,864

 

 

 

45,431

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD

 

 

93,430

 

 

 

311,993

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

 

$

158,294

 

 

$

357,424

 

The following non-cash activities occurred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities

 

$

3,202

 

 

$

(5,031

)

Common stock issued to Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board that was
   earned and accrued for in a previous period

 

 

300

 

 

 

300

 

Net change in accounts payable and accrued expenses related to purchases of property
   and equipment

 

 

766

 

 

 

2,077

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

5


 

UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

1. BUSINESS:

Universal Display Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Company) is a leader in the research, development and commercialization of organic light emitting diode (OLED) technologies and materials for use in display and solid-state lighting applications. OLEDs are thin, lightweight and power-efficient solid-state devices that emit light and can be manufactured on both flexible and rigid substrates, making them highly suitable for use in full-color displays and as lighting products. OLED displays are capturing a growing share of the display market, especially in the mobile phone, television, monitor, wearable, tablet, notebook and personal computer, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and automotive markets. The Company believes this is because OLEDs offer potential advantages over competing display technologies with respect to power efficiency, contrast ratio, viewing angle, video response time, form factor and manufacturing cost. The Company also believes that OLED lighting products have the potential to replace many existing light sources in the future because of their high-power efficiency, excellent color rendering index, low operating temperature and novel form factor. The Company’s technology leadership, intellectual property position, and more than 20 years of experience working closely with leading OLED display manufacturers are some of the competitive advantages that should enable the Company to continue to share in the revenues from OLED displays and lighting products as they gain wider acceptance.

The Company’s primary business strategy is to (1) develop new OLED materials and sell existing and new materials to product manufacturers of products for display applications, such as mobile phones, televisions, monitors, wearables, tablets, portable media devices, notebook computers, personal computers and automotive applications, and specialty and general lighting products; and (2) further develop and either license or otherwise commercialize the Company’s proprietary OLED material, device design and manufacturing technologies to those manufacturers. The Company has established a significant portfolio of proprietary OLED technologies and materials, primarily through internal research and development efforts and acquisitions of patents and patent applications, as well as maintaining long-standing, and establishing new relationships with world-class universities, research institutions and strategic manufacturing partnerships. The Company currently owns, exclusively licenses or has the sole right to sublicense more than 5,500 patents issued and pending worldwide.

The Company manufactures and sells its proprietary OLED materials to customers for evaluation and use in commercial OLED products. The Company also enters into agreements with manufacturers of OLED display and lighting products under which it grants them licenses to practice under the Company’s patents and to use the Company's proprietary know-how. At the same time, the Company works with these and other companies that are evaluating the Company's OLED material, device design and manufacturing technologies for possible use in commercial OLED display and lighting products.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

Interim Financial Information

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim financial reporting and contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2023 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. While management believes that the disclosures presented are adequate to make the information not misleading, these unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto in the Company’s latest year-end Consolidated Financial Statements, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The results of the Company’s operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any other interim period or for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Universal Display Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries, UDC, Inc., UDC Ireland Limited (UDC Ireland), Universal Display Corporation Hong Kong, Limited, Universal Display Corporation Korea, Y.H. (UDC Korea), Universal Display Corporation Japan GK, Universal Display Corporation China, Ltd., Adesis, Inc. (Adesis), UDC Ventures LLC, OVJP Corporation (OVJP Corp) and OLED Material Manufacturing Limited (OMM). All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.

6


 

Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation

Certain prior year adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities have been reclassified on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows to conform to the current year presentation. These adjustments have been consolidated into their respective operating assets and liabilities accounts, specifically, inventory, other current assets, other assets and deferred revenue.

Management’s Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The estimates made are principally in the areas of revenue recognition including estimates of material unit sales and royalties, the useful life of acquired intangibles, lease liabilities, right-of-use assets, the use and recoverability of inventories, intangibles, investments and income taxes including realization of deferred tax assets, stock-based compensation and retirement benefit plan liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods, and are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. Inventory valuation and firm committed purchase order assessments are performed on a quarterly basis and those items that are identified to be obsolete or in excess of forecasted usage are written down to their estimated realizable value. Estimates of realizable value are based upon management’s analyses and assumptions, including, but not limited to, forecasted sales levels by product, expected product lifecycle, product development plans and future demand requirements. A 12-month rolling forecast based on factors, including, but not limited to, production cycles, anticipated product orders, marketing forecasts, backlog, and shipment activities is used in the inventory analysis. If market conditions are less favorable than forecasts or actual demand from customers is lower than estimates, additional inventory write-downs may be required. If demand is higher than expected, inventories